Imithetho yezixeko phantse yonke inkalo yobomi basedolophini, ukusuka kubude bocingo lwakho ukuya kwiiyure onokuziqhuba kwishishini lasekhaya. Kodwa abahlali abaninzi bafumana le mithetho kuphela emva kokumiswa kwesaziso sokwaphula umthetho okanye ukumiswa kwesakhiwo esiphakathi kwe-24. Eli nqaku linciphisa ukuntsonkotha kwendlela, linika imaphu esebenzisekayo yokuqonda, yokufumana, nokuthobela imithetho yasekuhlaleni echaphazela ikhaya lakho, ishishini, kunye nebutho lakho.

Iyintoni Imithetho YesiXeko?

Imimiselo yezixeko yimithetho, imithetho, kunye nemithetho yolawulo elandelwa ngoorhulumente bakamasipala ukulawula ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukwakhiwa, impilo kawonke-wonke, ukhuseleko, nomgangatho wobomi kwimimandla yabo. Bafumana igunya kurhulumente onika imithetho esebenzayo kwaye banyanzeliswa ngamasebe afana nokuceba, ukwakha, impilo, kunye namapolisa. Ngokungafaniyo nemithetho karhulumente, imimiselo yesixeko, imiqathango yenkxalabo yendawo engaphezulu kweendawo ezimxinwa, imiqathango yokulondolozwa kwemithi kwimimandla embali, okanye umda wedecibel yekonsathi engaphandle kwipaki yobume.

Le mithetho ayimi ndawonye. Iyaguquka kwibhunga lesixeko, iimvo zikawonke-wonke, kunye nohlaziyo lwekhowudi yexesha elithile. Umzekelo, inani elikhulayo lezixeko lisandul' ukuphinda lilungise imithetho emifutshane yokuqesha, imfuno eziqinileyo zokusebenza ngamandla ekwakheni iikhowudi, okanye intsebenziswano yokutyela ngaphandle ngenxa yeemfuno ezitshintshayo zoluntu. Ukuhlala phezu kwezi nguqulelo kubalulekile nakuphi na umntu ofuna ukuphepha intengiso, ukukhusela ixabiso lempahla, okanye ukusungula iprojekthi entsha.

Isizathu Sokuba Imithetho Yasekuhlaleni Ibaluleke Kuwe

Ukungazi umthetho wesixeko akufane kube yindawo elungileyo yokuzikhusela. Noko ke, into ebaluleke kakhulu kunokuphepha isohlwayo, yinzuzo eqhubekayo yokusebenzisa imithetho ukuze kungenelwe wena. Nazi izizathu ezininzi zokuchitha ixesha uqonda ikhowudi yesixeko sakho:

  • [[NTL: 0] Isikhuseli sokhuseleko. Ikhowudi yokwakha ikhusela utyalo-mali lwakho ngokuqinisekisa ukuba izinto eziselumelwaneni zisetyenziswa kakuhle kwaye ulwakhiwo lwakho luhlangabezana nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko. Ukongezwa okungakhiyo okungaphelelanga nje kwingozi yokuwa kuphela kodwa kungabangela ii-ratrofit xa uthengisa.
  • Imali efumaneka emakhaya, iilori zokutya, kunye nabasebenzi abagcina isiphelo sokugcina konke makuhambisane nokufaka i-insula, utyikityo, impilo, kunye nemithetho yokudibanisa. Ukwazi ukuba ngasebugceni kungasindisa amawaka kwimirhumo esemthethweni kunye nengeniso elahlekileyo.
  • Imithetho yengxolo, umgqomo, ukumisa, kunye nezilwanyana ezilawulayo ikhona ukulinganisa inkululeko yomntu ngamnye kunye nelungelo lommelwane lokuzonwabisa ngokuzolileyo. Ukuqonda le mithetho kunciphisa ukhuphiswano kwaye kwakha ukuthemba.
  • Impembelelo ye- ye-CUBIC. Abahlali abanolwazi ngeendawo zokulawula bangaxhasa ngokunempumelelo iinguqu/nakanjani oko kuthetha ukuphumza imfuno yokuthintela okanye ungcoliso oluqinileyo. Ilizwi elinolwazi lithwala ubunzima kwiindlebe zikawonke-wonke kunye neentlanganiso zebhunga.

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zemithetho yesiXeko

Nangona yonke imithetho yesixeko yahlukile, inkoliso ikwiqela elincinane leendidi ezibanzi. Ukuqhelana nala maqela kuya kukunceda ukuba ulawule nawuphi na umthetho kamasipala osebenza kakuhle.

Imithetho yokuzibophelela

Ukuhlula isixeko sibe zizithili (zinkulu, ezorhwebo, ezoshishino, ezixutyiweyo, njl.njl.) kwaye icacisa oko kusetyenziswayo. Ikwalawula nobude bokwakha, ukugquma, imiqobo evela kwimigca yempahla, kunye neemfuno zokupaka. Ezinye izixeko zongeza iindawo ezilayishekileyo kwimbali yesithili, inkcubeko, okanye inkqubela yezoshishino. Ukuzilungisa kungachaphazela yonke into ukusuka ekubeni unokuzigcina na iinkukuhlala kwindlu yakho, nokuba umbhekisi ungakwazi na ukwakha umnyango olandelayo.

Ukwakha Ikhowudi

Imithetho yokwakha imisela imilinganiselo encinci yesakhiwo, ukwakhiwa, kunye nokugcinwa kwezakhiwo. Igquma imithwalo yesakhiwo, ukumelana nomlilo, i-eroff, iinkqubo zombane, imibhobho, izixhobo zomatshini kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Izixeko ezininzi zase-United States zisebenzisa enye yeeKhodi zezizwe ngezizwe (IÍ9 Codes) epapashwe yiBhunga leKhodi (IC), maxa wambi ngezixhobo zokulungisa. Ikhompathimenti iyaqinisekiswa kwiimvume kunye nokuhlola.

Impilo neNkxaso

Le mithetho ithetha ngeengozi zempilo kawonke-wonke kunye nenkathazo. Iquka ukusetyenziswa kogutyulo lokutya, ukuqubha iqukuqela, i-andom kunye nokulawula izinambuzane, ulawulo lwevektaneti (ii-mosquitoes, iiheksi), kunye nelothe le-pagpaint. Izixeko ezininzi zikwanyanzelisa imithetho yokugcinwa kwezinto ezifuna imilinganiselo encinane yokugcinwa kwempahla efuna indawo yokuhlala. Okufana nokusebenza kwemibhobhobho, ubushushu obufanelekileyo, kunye nophahla olunemozulu.

Iingxolo zengxolo

Imimiselo yengxolo ilinganisela imigangatho yesandi kumaxesha ahlukeneyo emini nakusetyenziso lwelizwe elahlukileyo. Ichaza ubukhulu bedecibel leqondo, iiyure ezizolileyo (umz. 10 p.m. ukuya ku 7 a.m.), kunye nokungavunyelwa kwemithombo ethile yengxolo efana nezivuthela amagqabi okanye umculo onyusiweyo. Ukwaphula umthetho kungaphumela kwingciso okanye kwanezixhobo ezikhutshiweyo.

Imithetho yezorhwebo neyokulondoloza

Ngapha koko, izixeko zilawula imimandla ehamba izithuthi zezithuthi ezihamba ngesantya esiphezulu (ii-permitt, imida yexesha, iindlela zokuhamba ekhephu), isantya esisikelwe kwizitrato zasekuhlaleni, iindledlana zeebhayisekile, kunye nendlela esetyenziswa ngazo. Ezinye izixeko zikwabeka isantya esiminyeneyo okanye imiqathango kwizithuthi ezimilise inqwelo-mafutha ezimi ngobusuku obuthile.

Intambo yentsimbi encinci neyokudada

Inani elandayo lezixeko lifuna imvume, imida yokuhlala, kunye nokuhlolwa kwempahla eqeshwe kwiplatfomati enjenge-Airbnb neVrbo. Imithetho isoloko ilinganisela inani lobusuku bokuqesha ngonyaka, ifuna ukuba umniniyo ahlale kwimimandla engama-68site, okanye anqande ngokupheleleyo ukuqeshwa kweendawo zokuhlala.

Imithetho Yophawu Nemifanekiso Engaphandle

Imiqondiso ilawula ubungakanani, ukukhanya, ukwenziwa kwezixhobo, kunye nokuqulethwe kwemiqondiso yokukhusela imbonakalo yezobumbo kunye nokhuseleko lwendlela. Isebenzisa kwimiqondiso yeshishini, imiqondiso yefama, imiqondiso yeyadi yezopolitiko, kwaneebhodi zokumisa iibhodi ze-state kwindlela. Ezinye izixeko ziyawuvala ngokupheleleyo (umz., imiqondiso ye-LED kwisithili-mbali).

Imithetho yokuzilolonga enqumla: Idesidi Enzulu

Ukuhombisa sisiseko solawulo lomhlaba, kwaye kuchaphazela abanini-makhaya, abaqeshi, kunye nabanini bamashishini ngokufanayo. Ukuqonda isithili sakho sokuhlala nemithetho yaso linyathelo lokuqala kuso nasiphi na isigqibo esinxulumene nempahla.

Indlela Yokufumana Uhlelo Lokwenziwa Kwezinto Eziziintsomi

Izixeko ezininzi zipapasha iimaphu ezisebenzisanayo kwii-website zazo zocwangciso. Ungangena kwidilesi uze ubone ngoko nangoko igama lesithili (umz. R041, MX.1) kunye nonxulumano lomthetho ohambelana nalo. Ukuba imaphu ye-intanethi ayicacanga, mxebeni isebe lokucwangcisa okanye lityelele iofisi yabo. Abasebenzi be-Zoning badla ngokukuvuyela ukuchaza oko kuvunyelweyo ukuba kwenziwe ipasile ethile.

Ukuqonda Ukusetyenziswa Kwemvume, Kwemibandela Nokusetyenziswa Kwabantu

Isithili ngasinye esihlalayo sinoluhlu lwemisebenzi evunyelwayo “ngasekunene” (evunyiweyo ngaphandle kohlolo olukhethekileyo), isebenzisa imfuno yemvume (CUP) exhomekeke kwimiqathango emva kokuva, kwaye isebenzisa eyalelwe ngokucacileyo. Umzekelo, ikhaya elincinane lenkxalabo yemini ingaba lusetyenziso oluvumelekileyo kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala kodwa lufuna i-CUP kwezinye. Ukwazi ezi ndidi kukunceda ukuba uphephe ukuqalisa ishishini eliza kuvalwa yisixeko.

Ukungaguquguquki Nokuhlaziywa

Ukuba indawo yakho ayihambelani nemfuneko yokulungisa indawo (umz., iqashiso lakho limxinwa kakhulu ukuba ungafumana isithintelo esifunekayo), ungafaka isicelo sokungavumelani nemeko. Inkqubo yokuzimela ifuna ukuba unyanzelo lubonise ukuba unyanzelo olungqongqo lungabangela ubunzima obungeyomfuneko kwaye utshintsho lungazukwenzakalisa ummandla. Ukulungisa okanye ukutshintsha kwemida kutshintsha isithili esingaphantsi kwento oza kuwe yindawo yakho; ezi ziinkqubo zikawonke-wonke-wonke ezidla ngokubandakanya iintlanganiso zengingqi nevoti yebhusayithi yesixeko. Ukubopha ummeli welizwe okanye umcebisi osebenzisa i-gqweqweleze ngengozi kusenokuba bubulumko kwiimeko ezinzima.

Ukusetyenziswa Okungaguqukiyo

Umhlaba owakhiwa ngokusemthethweni phantsi kwemithetho emidala kodwa ongasahambelani nemithetho emitsha uthathwa “njengongavumelaniyo.". Umzekelo, ivenkile yembombo kwindawo yokuhlala ekhoyo ngaphambi kokuba ummandla ulwenziwe ingavunyelwa ukuba iqhubeke isetyenziswa ngokusemthethweni, kodwa ulwandiso okanye utshintsho lokusetyenziswa lungathintelwa. Ukuqonda imithetho yootatomkhulu kukhusela amalungelo akho.

Imigaqo Yokwakha: Ukukhusela Ukuveliswa Kwakho Kwemali

Ikhowudi yokwakha ikhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwakhiwo lukhuselekile, luhlala ixesha elide kwaye lunamandla. Ukungazihoyi kungakhokelela ekuhlolweni, ekumangalelweni, nakwimeko ezimbi, ukudilika okanye ukutsha. Kwanokulungisa okuncinane kudla ngokufuna imvume nohlolo.

Indlela Yokuvumela

Imisebenzi emininzi yokwakha — ukusuka ekudibaniseni umgangatho ekugqibeni igumbi elingaphantsi ````irhuqulurere' imvume yokwakha. Le nkqubo iquka ukunikezela izicwangciso, ukuhlawula umrhumo, kunye nocwangciso lokuhlola kwincopho enkulu (ukwenziwa, ukuxhotyiswa, ukusetyenziswa kombane, okuqinileyo okugqibele). Ukungaphumeleli ukutsala imvume kungaphumela ekunqandeni imiyalelo engama-24, ii-frey, kunye nemfuneko yokudiliza umsebenzi ongawuvumelanga.

Amaqhosha Okhuphiswano

  • Isiseko se-Structural. kufuneka sixhase imithwalo yoyilo; iframethi mayidibane netafile yomgama wexesha; uphahla kufuneka luphathe ikhephu kunye nomoya umthwalo.
  • Ukhuseleko lwe-FLT [[FLT: 0]. Ilarms zomsi, i-carbon monoxide, iindibano eziqinisiweyo, neefestile ze-everse kumagumbi okulala zinzima. Ngoku ezinye izixeko zifuna izixokelelwano zokutshiza kumakhaya amatsha eentsapho ezilishumi elinesithandathu.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Iqonga lemidlalo kunye nomatshini. I-Wing, iziphumeleli, amandla eqela lenjongo, iHVAC, kunye nomsebenzi wokukhupha kufuneka ulandele ikhowudi yeSizwe yoManyano kunye nemithetho yomatshini.
  • Ufakelo lombhobho. umbhobho oqhutyelwa phantsi, ukhupha umoya, uthintelo loqalo lwangasemva, kunye nofakelo lwamanzi lulawulwa ngokuqinileyo.
  • Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa komoya, ukusebenza kwefestile, ukutywinwa komoya kunye neHVAC kukusebenza okungundoqo kwamalungu ekhowudi, asoloko elawulwa yi International Energy Conservation Code (IECC).

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Omele Uziphephe

Abanini-makhaya abaninzi bayalithatha lula ixesha elingakanani imvume ethathwayo okanye bacinge ukuba ikontraka iya kukwazi ukuqhuba zonke imvume. Ngoxa ikontraka ezigunyazisiweyo kufuneka zirhuqe, abaninizo ekugqibeleni banetyala. Ezinye iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukusilela ukufumana imvume eyahlukeneyo yomsebenzi wombane okanye wemibhobho eyenziwa ngabasebenzi bombane abancinane, ukutyeshela imiqathango yokuhlala okwexeshana ngexesha lolwakhiwo, nokungacwangcisi uhlolo lokugqibela.

Amacebo aluncedo angaphandle: IBhunga leKhowudi yeNkcubeko yezizwe ngezizwe linika uhlaziyo lwekhowudi yokuphuhliswa, kunye nodweliso lwenkqubo e-STY STRAR[ lunika ukhokelo kwiimfuno zekhowudi yamandla.

Impilo, Ukhuseleko Nemithetho Yokusingqongileyo

Imithetho yempilo kaMasipala igubungela okungaphezulu kakhulu kohlolo lwekhefi. Zikwalawula uhlolo lweendawo zokuqesha, ukukhusela imisebenzi, ukukhukuhla, kunye nengozi yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokucoca. Ngoku izixeko ezininzi zamkela “amakhaya aphilileyo” amasiko afuna abemi bendlu ukuphendula ukhukuliso, izinambuzane, kunye neengozi zokukhusela izinto ngaphambi kokuqesha.

Imigaqo yokusingqongileyo neyokhuselo

Ziyanda izixeko eziphumeza imithetho yokwakha eluhlaza, imithetho yokukhusela imithi, iimfuno zokulawula amanzi oqhwithela, kunye nokuvalwa kolawulo lweplastiki ezisetyenziswayo. Kubanini-khaya, oku kusenokuthetha izitiya zemvula ezinyanzelekileyo xa kuthatyathelw' indawo yendlela yokuhamba, okanye i-audity efunekayo ngaphambi kokuthengisa indlu. Amashishini angajongana nemiyalelo yokuphinda kuphinda kusetyenziswe i-enjini, imida, okanye iimfuno eziluhlaza zokwakha.

I-U.S. Protection Agency’s Green Building yindawo elungileyo yokuqalisa ukuqonda amanyathelo okuzinzisa anokusetyenziswa yikhowudi yasekuhlaleni.

Ingxolo neNyanga ePhambiliyo

Izikhalazo zomsindo ziphakathi kwezona ziqhelekileyo zommi. Ingxolo yohlobo ichaza iiyure ezizolileyo (ngokufuthi iiyure ezilishumi ngokuhlwa), ingxolo yokwakha, kunye nomlinganiselo omkhulu wedecibel olinganiswa kwimida yempahla. Ezinye izixeko zikwalawula amagqabi, amagxolo, iinja, nemikhalazo engxolayo. Izihlandlo ezi-mali zisuka kwizilumkiso ukuya kwintembezo, kwaye abaphuli-mthetho baphinde bajongene nezixhobo zokuzisulungeki.

Imithetho yokungaphumi iquka ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma, utyani obunezambuku, izithuthi ezishiywe zishiywe phantsi, iimeko ezimaxongo okanye ezingabukekiyo. Ezi zinyanzeliswa ngamagosa asebenza ngekhowudi aphendula izikhalazo. Ugcino lwempahla luthintela ukucatshulwa kwexabiso eliphezulu.

Ilayisenisi Yeshishini Nemithetho Yoshishino Yasekhaya

Ukusebenza naliphi na ishishini elikwimiqathango yesixeko kufuna ilayisensi yeshishini, kwaye amashishini asekhaya anemiqathango eyongezelelekileyo. Imithetho eqhelekileyo iquka ukulinganisela inani lokutyelelwa ngabaxhasi ngosuku, ukuthintela ukubekwa kophawu lwangaphandle, ukuvalwa koluhlu, nokuvalwa kokusetyenziswa okuthile (umz., ukulungiswa kwezithuthi, ukwenziwa kwezokudla) kwiindawo zokuhlala. Ukuba uceba ukuqhuba ishishini usuka ekhaya, hlola “umsebenzi wekhaya” umthetho wokuqala wesixeko.

Indlela Yokufumana Nokutolika Imithetho YesiXeko

Ikhowudi yezixeko ingangamakhulu amaphepha ubude. Ukufumana oko ukufuna kakuhle:

  • Khangela ikhowudi kamasipala wesixeko sakho kwi-intanethi (ngokufuthi kummandla ofana ne-“dolophana.gov/coded”. Izixeko ezininzi zikwanekhowudi ze-“orinance” okanye“ikhowudi” iphepha.
  • Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokukhangela ngaphakathi kwekhowudi ukukhangela amagama afana “nendawo yokuhlala,”“ ukubeka emva,” okanye “imirhumo ye-permit. xml."
  • Ukuba ikhowudi esemthethweni kunzima ukuphengulula, zama amanxuwa esithathu njenge ikhowudi ye Minicode okanye Ikhode Upapasho, equlethe ikhowudi ezininzi zikamasipala kulungiselelo olunokuphenjelelwa.
  • Umqhubi unokukubonisa icandelo elifanelekileyo uze uchaze indlela elisebenza ngayo kwimeko yakho.

Iimpazamo Eziqhelekileyo Nendlela Yokuziphepha

  • Ukulungisa oko kwakukuhle ngaphambi kokuba kulungile ngoku. Imithetho itshintsha. Qinisekisa imithetho yangoku phambi kokuba uqale nayiphi na iprojekthi okanye ishishini. Umgangatho ongazange ufune imvume kwiminyaka emihlanu edluleyo ungafuna enye ngoku.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukuthetha ngokuchasene nokhokelo lwamazwi. Ngamaxesha onke fumana iimpendulo ngokubhaliweyo/iposi okanye ileta etyikitywe yokuzibophelela. Icebiso le Verbal elivela kumphathi-ncwadi alinakubamba ukuba kuvela impikiswano.
  • [[UMTL:0] Imithetho ye-HOA. Ukuba uhlala kwilungu lomninimzi, iminqophiso yakho inokuba ngqongqo kunemithetho yesixeko. Kufuneka uthobele zombini.
  • Umsebenzi wokuqalisa phambi kokuba uvumele imvume. Kwanokuba ‘ unolungiso”, qhagamshelana nesebe lokwakha kuqala. Imithetho emininzi ivumela imvume ekhutshiweyo yeembambano ezingxamisekileyo.
  • Utshintsho lwaminyaka le. Ilayisensi zeshishini, imvume yokuqesha, kunye nokuqesha irente ezifutshane (667'mt) zisoloko zifuna ukuvuselelwa ngonyaka. Cwangcisa izikhumbuzi zekhalenda.

Ukusebenzisana noLawulo lwasekuhlaleni

Ukuqonda imimiselo linyathelo lokuqala; ukuyibumba yelilandelayo. Amabhunga ezixeko kunye nocwangciso lweziko rhoqo lokuphinda uphinde utyelelo lwemithetho kunye nokuva iindlebe zikawonke-wonke. Ukuya kwezi ntlanganiso", okanye kwanokulandela ezi ntlanganiso kwi-intanethi/_inceda ulindele iinguqu. Thetha ngezinto ezichaphazela indawo okanye indawo ohlala kuyo; igqabaza elifutshane, elisekelwe kwizibakala ngexesha lokuchotshelwa kwabantu bonke, lingaphembelela ivo.

Qwalasela ukudibana nomanyano lwasekuhlaleni okanye iqumrhu loluntu. La maqela asoloko efumana isaziso sangaphambili ngeenguqu zekhowudi ezicetyisiweyo kwaye anokulandisa ilizwi lakho. Ngaphezu koko, izixeko ezininzi zinezikolo ezininzi” ezifundisa abemi ngokucwangcisa, ukubopha, kunye neenkqubo zokunyanzelisa imigaqo-siseko.

Isiphelo

Imimiselo yezixeko isenokuvakala njengegcuntswana elingenakungena ncam lemithetho yesebe, kodwa ikwazizixhobo ezigcina uluntu lukhuselekile, lulungelelene, kwaye lungasebenziseka. Ngokufunda indlela yokufumana nokuchaza imithetho elawula ikhaya lakho kunye neshishini lakho, ungaphepha ukuphulwa kwemali eninzi, ukhusele utyalo-mali, kwaye kwanempembelelo yemithetho yexesha elizayo. Qala ngeprojekthi enye okanye inkxalabo yakho, funda i-oaaas wild, okanye hlola iimfuno zemvume zelo leyo uceba ngayo. Inyathelo ngalinye lakha intembelo kunye nobuchule obuninzi, uyakwazi ukuguqula inkqubo ye-athorigingth.