Indima yeRaje Sabra kwiSaping Management Management

IRajiya Sabba, njengendlu ephezulu yePalamente yaseIndiya ye-badamaral, iphethe indawo eyahlukileyo kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Impembelelo yayo kulungiso lwentlekele yesizwe nemithetho yokusabela ayiquki nje kuphela kodwa ijongene nemigaqo-nkqubo ephikisanayo, iqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo iphikisana ngeembono ezininzi, ubugcisa, kunye nentlalo. Ngokungafaniyo neLok Sabba, emela unyulo oluthe ngqo, iRajiya Sabhaha iquka amalungu angadityalwanganiswanga ngenxa yobuchule bawo kwimimandla enje, uncwadi, ulawulo lukawonke-wonke, njengabameli abasuka kumazwe kunye nemimandla ehlangene. Olu hlelo luzisa ulwazi olwahlukeneyo nolwamdlalwano lwendawo kwimithetho yentlekele.

Uhambo lowiso-mthetho lwemali enxulumene nentlekele luqala kunoma yiyiphi indlu. Indima kaRaje Sabha iba yeyona ibalulekileyo ngexesha lokuqwalasela isigaba: ihlola irejistation ngomtya, icebisa ukubuyiselwa, kwaye ingathumela emva kwiLok Sabhaha kunye nezincomo. Oku kuvavanywa kwe bidameral kufaka umaleko wohlolo olunceda ukunqanda umthetho ongxama okanye oqwalaselweyo. Umzekelo, i- Disaster Management Act, 2005./imbombo yesakhiwo somthetho esisemthethweni saseIndiya seRyya Sabha, ikhokelela ekubonelweni ulwanozala oluthe ngqo kwiRajiya Sab, ukukhokelela ekuboneni ulwano oluphakathi olulungelelanisiweyo nomthetho we-const.

Impinda Nokulungiswa

Ikomiti emileyo kaRajiya Sabra, ingakumbi iKomiti yeMicimbi yaseKhaya neKomiti yeMicimbi yezeSizwe nezobuxhakaxhaka, idla ngokuqhuba uhlolo lwangaphambi kwetyala lentlekele. Ezi komiti zimema ukuthotyelwa kweengcali, imibutho yoluntu, kunye norhulumente. Iziphumo zengxelo zibumba umbhalo wokugqibela wemithetho. Umzekelo ophawulekayo nguLawulo lweSizwe lweNkathili (Imeko) uBill, 2019, obe ubhekiswe kwikomiti yepala emva kokuba inkxalabo inyusiwe kwiRajiya Sabra malunga neenguqu ezicetyikisiweyo kwindima yoLawulo lweMgaqo-nkqubo yeMkhosi weSizwe (NDMA). Ikomiti icebisa ukuba amagunya olawulo lwentlekele aqinisekise ukuba amagunya entlekele agcine ukuguquka kwawo ngexesha lokusebenza ngemigaqo yesizwe.

Ngapha koko, iRaje Sabra ingaphembelela imithetho ngamalungu azimeleyo ngokwezibhedlele. Nangona zimbalwa, zisoloko zinyanzela iingxoxo zepalamente kwizithuba kumthetho okhoyo. Umzekelo, umthetho welungu lobuqu wokudibanisa utshintsho lwemozulu kwimpendulo yentlekele waxoxwa kwiRajiya Sabha ngo-2021, ukhokelela kwinyathelo elilandelayo lolawulo oluphezulu ekukhumuleni isicwangciso seNational Disaster Management.

Iziganeko Ezibalaseleyo Zembali: Imithetho Ebalulekileyo Exonxwa YiRaje Sabra

Indaleko yentlekele yolawulo lweIndiya iphawulwe ngamanyathelo aphambili emithetho, ngalinye elibonisa igalelo leRajiya Sabha.

UMthetho woLawulo lweNkcitho, 2005 (DMA 2005)

Emva kokuba u-2004 Ocean Indiya ibhence ubuthathaka besixokelelwano se-tsunami, i-DMA 2005 yaxutyushwa kakhulu kwiRajiya Sabha. Amalungu aphakamisa inkxalabo ngemali yabaphathi bomgangatho wephondo, indima yeziqu zasekuhlaleni, kunye nemfuneko esemthethweni yokumiselwa komngcipheko wokunciphisa intlekele (DRR). Isivumelwano sokugqibela saseka isibonelelo sesibonelelo sesizwe esithathu se-DMA kumgangatho wesizwe, abaphathi boLawulo lwentlekele yeRDMAS, kunye nabaphathi boLawulo lwezentlekele yeSizwe (DDMAS), kwaye sadala uMkhosi wokuphendula okukhethekileyo (NDRR) njengentlanganiso yezehlolo. I-Rajyaya-shaha ukugxininisa ekuquququzeleni kwemibutho lokuxhamfa nokukhuselwa kwentlalo-ntle yesizwe, ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwe-Active ye-ecenti yeQuat (SDMAs)

Umgaqo-nkqubo weSizwe woLawulo lweNkcitho, 2009

Nangona ingengomthetho, le nkqubo yafakwa phantsi kweDMA 2005 yaza yanikezelwa kuzo zombini izindlu. Ingxoxo kaRaje Sabha yaphembelela uxwebhu lokugqibela ngokugxininisa imfuneko yokudibanisa ulwazi lwasekuhlaleni kwinkqubo yezilumkiso zangaphambili nokukwenza ucwangciso lwentlekele lube lula ngokobufana. Ngoku inkqubo ifuna ngokucacileyo ukuba amabhinqa amele iikomiti zolawulo lwentlekele kuzo zonke imigangatho.

UMthetho weNtlekele (Izibonelelo), 2019

Le inguqulelo yafunwa ukucacisa ulwalamano phakathi kwe-NDMA nezinye iziqu, kwakunye nokomeleza izigwebo zokungahambelani. KwiRaje Sabha, amalungu enkcaso aphikisayo aphikisa ukuba umthetho wokuqala wanika ulawulo olusembindini olugqithisileyo. Inguquko eyathi ekugqibeleni yaquka ucwangciso olunyanzelekileyo lomgangatho karhulumente phambi kokuba urhulumente osembindini anikezele imiyalelo, utshintsho oluthe ngqo olubhekiswa kuRajiya Sabba ingha ingcebiso yekomiti.

Impembelelo kwimisebenzi yokulungisa iFrames

Imithetho evelileyo eRaje Sabha iphumele iziphumo ezifikelela kude kwindlela iIndiya elungiselela ngayo iintlekele. Ukulungiselela kugqitha kuncedo lwempahla; ibandakanya ubuchule bobuqu, izibophelelo ezisemthethweni, kunye nolwabiso lwezibonelelo.

ISicwangciso seZiko: I-NDMA, i-NDRF, nabasemagunyeni beLizwe

I-DMA 2005 yayila i-NDMA njengenkqumrhu yenkqubo yolawulo lwentlekele. I-Rajiya Sabba yagxininisa ukuba i-NDMA iquke amalungu anobuchule bolawulo, hayi nje amabhureaucrates. Namhlanje, i-NDMA ivelisa imigaqo yokuyilungisa yonke into ukusuka kwintlekele yemozulu-mitha. Ngokufanayo, iNDRF, eneziphene ezili-16 eziqeqeshelwe iingozi ezithile (inyikima, imichiza, njl.), esebenza phantsi kwesakhiwo esisemthethweni esiqinisekisa ukuba isakhiwo sayo sinokwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kumda welizwe, impikiswano kwaye iqiniswe kwi-Japya Sabha. Ukuzinza kwe-lizwanombuso kuphuculwe ngenxa yokuba umthetho ngamnye ufuna ukuba nenkcaso yentlekele, kunye nokuxhaswa kolwabiwo-mali ngommiselo.

Iinkqubo ezisemthethweni zoLungiselelo

Ngaphantsi kwe-DMA 2005, zonke iinkonzo namasebe kufuneka zilungiselele izicwangciso zokulawula intlekele. Le mbopheleleko esemthethweni, edluliselwa kumaqumrhu asekuhlaleni emva kokulungisa konyaka wama-2019, yimiphumo ethe ngqo yokugxininisa kukaRajeya Sabba ekuqinisekiseni ukuba lo msebenzi uyasebenza. Umzekelo, uMphathiswa we-ray Syray uqhuba imiboniso yobuxoki yonyaka ukwenzela ukusabela ngengozi yololiwe, kwaye uMphathi-mikhosi wempilo ugcina ingqokelela yamayeza ayimfuneko kunye nezitomithi zezifo zezifo ezinjengezifo ezimandundu. I-Rajiya Sabra' indima yendima yokuqinisekisa ukuba ezi zicwangciso azihlaziswe rhoqo; imibuzo yemithetho engoophakatho inyanzelwe ukunyanzelwa ukuba i-ofisi yeminxeba ukuba ihlole ukufaneleka kwayo ngonyaka.

Ukulungiselela Imali: Imali yokuphendula kwintlekele

IRajiya Sabba iye yasebenzisa ekulungiseni ulwakhiwo lwezi ntlekele. Icandelo 46 leDMA 2005 ligunyazisa ukwenziwa kweNational Disaster Response Fund (NDRF) kunye neNational Disaster Mitigation Fund (NDMF). Ikomiti yezezimali yeRajiya Sabba's iphendulela ukudityaniswa kwale mali. Ngonyaka wama-202020, emva kwesifo se-COVID-19, iRajiya SHABHA icinezelwe ukwandisa i-NDRF corpus (NDF courpus) nokudala ingxowa ehlukeneyo yengozi yebhayoloji. Ukuphendula kukarhulumente kwakhokelela ekuhlawulwani kweemali ezibhabhabharhiyo ezingama-20500.

Impembelelo Ekuphenduleni Kwentlekele Nakumsebenzi Wokuhlangula

Xa kuvela intlekele, ilungiselelo elisemthethweni elibunjwe yiRaje Sabha limisela indlela oku kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza nangokuphumelelayo ngayo.

Iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisezantsi kunye nolungelelwaniso

I-DMA 2005 inika i-NDMA imiyalelo ebophekayo yokukhupha imiyalelo yokuba kuzwelonke nakumaziko aphakathi ngexesha lentlekele. Le miyalelo, ebhaliswe ngamagalelo asuka kwiingxoxo kwi Rajiya Sabha, imisela iinkqubo ezisesikweni zokusebenza (i-SAPs) ukwenzela ukusasazwa kwangaphambili, ukukhutshwa, ukukhutshwa, ukupheliswa, nokuhlangulwa, kunye nokusasazwa koncedo. Umzekelo, i-SOP yempendulo yenkanyamba e-Odishah_cref ngokunciphisa ukufa kwi-Sypon Fani (2029).

Ukuphendula kunye noHlaziyo lwasemva

IRaje Sabra ikwaphembelela ukuphendula ngemibuzo yepalamente kunye neekomiti ezinxulumene nesebe ezikhoyo. Emva kwentlekele enkulu, ikomiti yemicimbi yasekhaya isoloko ivakala ukuze ihlole impendulo karhulumente. Ezi ndlebe zidla ngokukhokelela ekuncomeleni utshintsho olusemthethweni okanye olungokwemiqathango. Umzekelo, emva komkhukula weUttarakhand, ingxelo yekomiti kaRajiya Sabba yakhokelela ekulungiseni iingxelo ezathi zaqinisa indima yoMbutho weSizwe weMpazaleli (NDRF) ekuqhubeni uphendlo lwedolophu kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlangula.

Ukulondolozwa Kwabantu Abachaphazelekayo Ngokusemthethweni

IRaje Sabra ixhase ukukhusela okusemthethweni kumaxhoba entlekele. Amalungiselelo eDMA 2005 athi ukunyanzela isiqabu nesibuyekezo sokufa, ukulimala, nokulahlekelwa kwempahla komelezwe emva kokuba amalungu akhankanywe ngokungabi nabulungisa kwiindlela zangaphambili zembuyiselo. I-2019 ithe yaqalisa ingcinga yokulungisa izikhalazo kumgangatho wesithili .

Ucelomngeni Neminwe Yebhotile Kwindima YeRaje Sabha

Nakubeni iziphumo zayo zinika impembelelo kaRaje Sabha azinamiqathango. Impembelelo yezobupolitika kunye nengxaki yentsingiselo yemithetho ingenza uthotho lwezigwebo eziqatha.

Ukungavisisani Kwezobupolitika Nokulibazisa

Umthetho wentlekele usoloko uba yibhola ekhatywayo yezopolitiko. Ngexesha lengxoxo emalunga nokulungiswa kwe-2019, i-Raje Sabha yangqinelana nemicimbi eshushu ngenxa yokubekwa kwamandla, nto leyo ekhokelela ekulibaziseni kwenyanga ezine kwingxelo yetyala. Ulibaziseko olunjalo lungaba luxabiso xa utshintsho olungxamisekileyo olungokwasemthethweni lufuneka .Ngoko umzekelo, ukuphendula amakhefu abhenqwe ebhetye okanye iziganeko ezinxulumene nemozulu ( PRS Ligistativery Doctor of the Disagement Bell, 2019 )].

I-Breaucracy Hurdles negalelo le-Explorence

Nasemva kokuba umthetho udlulisiwe, ukuzalisekiswa kwawo kuxhomekeke kumatshini osetyenziswayo osisidende osetyenziswa yiRajeya Sabha engawulawuli ngqo. Indlu ephezulu ingamema onobhala kwaye ibambele imibuzo, kodwa ukuguqula iingcebiso kwisenzo kufuna ulawulo oluphezulu. Ngaphezu koko, inkqubo yekomiti yeRajiya Sabha, ngexa iphumelela, inzima, ikhokelela kuhlalutyo olunzulu lwezibakala zezobugcisa. Umzekelo, ukudityaniswa kobugcisa obuvelayo obufana nobuchule bokuyila ukwenzela iinkqubo zokulumkisa eziphambili akhange ahlolwe ngokucokisekileyo kwikomiti ephulaphula.

Ukugutyungelwa Kwendawo Engalawulekiyo: IPandemics, Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Neentlekele Ezibangelwa Yi - cyber

Ulwakhiwo olusemthethweni, oluyilelwe kakhulu iintlekele zendalo ezifana nezikhukula kunye neenyikima, lufuna utshintsho kwiingozi zebhayoloji (njengoko kubonwe ngexesha le-COVID-19), i-Layya Sabha ecothayo echaphazela imozulu, kunye nezisongelo ze-webhsayithi. IRajiya Sabha ayikaqhubeli ngxoxo enikezelweyo ngengozi yekhompyutha elungiselelweyo, nangona isongezelele kwinkqubela yezengqalelo zendalo enzima. Ngokufanayo, iSicwangciso soLawulo soLawulo lwentlekele sokwehla kwezo monakalo sigxekwa ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yokungalungelelanisa ngokupheleleyo kwe-Sendai Framesss Reuction,2030 ([[FLDR] kuvavanyo lwe-Indiya Sendai Frameoctive tray]).

Iinketho zexesha elizayo: Ukuqinisa Indima ye Raje Sabha

Ukuze intlekele yelizwe ilunge ngakumbi ize iphendule, iRaje Sabha imele iguqule iindlela zayo nezinto eziza kuqala.

Ukusetyenziswa ngokuphaya kweeKomiti eziPhakamileyo

IRaje Sabra ingamisela ikomiti ekhethayo esisigxina kumngcipheko wolawulo lwentlekele, isebenzisa ubuchule bamalungu akwimvelaphi yemozulu, impilo kawonke-wonke, kunye nobunjineli be-ongineli babemi. Le komiti ingaqhuba ukuchonga phambi kokuba kuvezwe zonke iindleko ezinxulumene nentlekele, kunokuba emva koko. Umzekelo, uhlolo olusisigxina lwemeko yentlekele yeSizwe (Amendment, Bill, 2024 (elindeleke ukuhlangabezana nemeko yemozulu) ingaqinisekisa ukuba iindlela ezintle zamazwe ngamazwe ziqukiwe.

Ukomeleza Ubuchule Bemali

Ikomiti yemali yeRajiya Sabra kufuneka iqhube uhlolo lwaminyaka le lwentlawulo yentsebenziswano yentlekele. Okwangoku, le mali isoloko iphantsi kwexabiso ngenxa yeenkqubo ezinzima. Ngokuncomela utshintsho kwimigaqo yemali. Ngokuvumela iinguqu zemali / "ezinje ngokuvumela indawo yokwenene phakathi kwempendulo kunye nokubekwa kwe-Rajya Sabba ingenza intlekele ethambe ngakumbi kwaye isebenze. Ingxelo esebenzayo nguMqolomba kunye noMphicothi-zincwadi Jikelele (CAG) ifumanise ukuba i-40% yemali yeTshadoo yoPhundo lweSizwe ihlala ingakhange ifumaneke kwiminyaka ethile ([[FT:]] Ingxelo yentlekele, [22] [FLT]]] [2]] [22]).

Uqikelelo olugunyazisa ubugcisa nokuthatha inxaxheba

Ngeli xesha iRajiya Sabba sele ingenelwa kumalungu angenabucukubhede, ingasakha ungenelelo lweengcali zangaphandle ngokuvalwa kwetyala likawonke-wonke nangezimvo ze-intanethi. Umzekelo, ngexesha lokudweliswa kwemigaqo yemigaqo yenyathelo lobushushu, iRajiya Sabhaha ingamema iminikelo evela kubaphathi bentlekele yelifa lesizwe, amagosa kamasipala, kunye nabameli boluntu ababuthathaka. Umthetho onjalo wokwenza umthetho wokwabelana ngezo zomthetho wandisa ubuchule nolwamkelo lwemithetho.

Imithetho ekhuthaza iintlekele enosukelo oluzinzileyo

Imithetho yolawulo lwentlekele yaseIndiya kufuneka ilungelelane nophuhliso lophuhliso oluzinzileyo (SDGs), ingakumbi iSeva 13 (Inyathelo) kunye noMgaqo 11 (Izikhundla ezihlala kakuhle). IRajiya Sabba ingaqala uhlolo lweDMA 2005 ukudibanisa ngokucacileyo ukuncitshiswa komngcipheko ngokucwangciswa kwenkqubela phambili. Umzekelo, ukwakha iikhowudi zolwakhiwo olutsha makugunyazwe ngokusemthethweni ukuxhathisa iinyikima kunye nezivukelo, utshintsho olunokuqhutywa yikomiti yemicimbi yasezidolophini yaseRajiya Sabra.

Isiphelo

Indima kaRaje Sabba ekulungiseni intlekele yase-Indiya elungiselelweyo nemithetho yokuphendula iyatshintsha. Ngamandla ayo okucamngca, ukulungisa, kunye nokuphatha, indlu ephezulu iqinise ukuba umthetho ofana noLawulo lwentlekele, 2005 ayiyonto ephezulu kodwa yimveliso yokuqwalaselwa ukuba ityala lengingqi, intlalo, kunye nobuchule bobugcisa. Ukumiselwa kweenkqubo zobuqumrhu ezifana ne-NDMA, NDRF, kunye namagunya akwiqondo eliphezulu karhulumente, adityaniswe ngamalungiselelo okulungisa imposiso, afanelwe yingqwalaselo e-Rajya Sabba elungelelanisayo, imithetho enyaniswayo.

Kodwa, umiselo lwemithetho kufuneka luqhubeke notshintsho oluqhubekayo lwemeko-bume esongelayo. Utshintsho lwemozulu, kunye nokhuseleko lwekhompyutha lufuna iimpendulo ezintsha ezingokwasemthethweni. IRajiya Sabha ingahlangabezana nezi ngxaki ngokuqinisa ukusebenzisa kwayo iikomiti zobuchule, ukukhulisa ulawulo lwezemali, kunye nokudibanisa intlekele kunye nosukelo oluzinzileyo. Ngokwenjenjalo, iza kuqhubeka isebenza njengentsika ebalulekileyo elwakha intlekele elwenziwa eIndiya,-*enone apho imithetho ingekho zizixhobo zokulungisa nje kodwa iziseko ezisebenzayo zokukhusela nokuzinza.