Impembelelo enyamezeleyo yeGunya loMgaqo-siseko kwiNkxaso yeNkcubeko neNkxaso yoLuntu

Amandla okumisa i-cristalate yenye yezona zixhobo zithe ngqo oorhulumente kufuneka balungise imekobume apho abantu bahlala khona, umsebenzi, kunye nokuphumla. Phakathi kwemimandla emininzi apho eli gunya lisetyenziswa khona, ummiselo wengxolo ubonakala njengemihla ngemihla, ukudibana okubonakalayo komthetho, impilo, nomgangatho wobomi. Imithetho yemibutho ekwindawo, urhulumente, kunye nomgangatho wolawulo lwezongxolo ngenjongo yokuthintela ungcoliseko oluyingozi lomoya ngelixa ukulondoloza inkululeko exhasa umsebenzi wezoqoqosho nowentlalo. Ukulungelelathiso olubonakalayo lwale mithetho kuchaphazela intlalo-ntle, nokuqonda indlela amandla omthetho asetyenziswa ngayo kulo mongo kuyimfuneko ngayo kubenzi benkqubo, abahlala, nabanini-shishino-shishino, kunye nabanini-shishino bezoshishino ngokufanayo.

Ingxolo ayisosingquzulwano nje kuphela; yingxaki yempilo kawonke-wonke. I-World Health Organization (WHO) ikudala ihlula ingxolo yemekobume njengesisongelo esibalulekileyo kwimpilo yomzimba neyokomoya, inxulumanisa ukuchanabeka okungapheliyo kwisifo sentliziyo nengqondo, ukuphazamiseka kobuthongo, ukungaqondani kwabantwana, neehomoni zoxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Isenzo sokulinganisa sisixhobo esiphambili apho abantu bezama ukuphelisa ezi ngozi. Kodwa imigaqo yengxolo imele ihambe ngamandla aqinileyo: ukuvaleka kwentengiso, iziganeko zenkcubeko, kunye nolwakhiwo olubalulekileyo; ukukhubazeka kwesandi esisigxina sishiya abantu besengozini yokusingela isandi esingapheliyo. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima engundoqo yamandla ohlukeneyo ekwakhemicinezekileyo kwimicimbi yengxolo, neywa, ukuchaphaza kwempilo, intlalo yezoqoqosho, kunye nendlela le ntlalo-ntlalo.

Isiseko sokwahlulwa koMdla: ISiseko soMsebenzi weGunya loMgaqo-siseko

Isithethe Esiyintloko Somthetho

Umthetho wengxolo eUnited States namanye amazwe amaninzi ubekelwe imigaqo, enoxanduva olwabelwe kurhulumente, kurhulumente, nakurhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Kumgangatho worhulumente, amaqumrhu anjengendawo engqongileyo yokhuseleko (EPA) kunye ne-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSA) amisela imigaqo kunye nemigangatho yokukhupha ingxolo kwimithombo yengingqi (iinqwelo-moya, iziporo zesitimela, kunye neelori ezinzima , kunye nemingcele yengxolo yomsebenzi. Noko ke, i-EPA’s Office of Noise Abatement and Control yahrandment idefantialment (iiiiiii.) ishiya uninzi lwengxolo-msdaywo yosuku lwe-tetoto translance kulawulo lwamazwe noomant.

Oorhulumente badla ngokumisela imigaqo yengxolo esisiseko, ingakumbi yezixhobo zokwakha, iimoto, kunye nemisebenzi yoshishino. Le mithetho yomgangatho wesizwe iqinisekisa umgangatho omncinci wokulawula ingxolo kummandla wonke, ithintela umsebenzi owenziwe ngemida eyahlukeneyo engalawulekiyo. Kodwa ezona zingqini zininzi zengxolo zithe zaxhonywa phantse zisoloko zisenziwa ngamabhunga esixeko, iintlanganiso zephondo, iintlanganiso zengingqi, kunye neebhodi zasekuhlaleni `iqumrhu lowiso-mthetho ngezantsi kwabantu. Aba bahlali-mthetho banegunya lokuhlala, iiyure ezonwabisayo, isandi esinyusiweyo, kunye nezingqungquthela ezithile ezifana nezinja ezikhongozelayo okanye amatheko obusuku obuphelile.

Isiseko esisemthethweni semithetho yengxolo yasekuhlaleni ngokuqhelekileyo sifumaneka kumandla karhulumente orhulumente okulawula indlela yokuziphatha yempilo, ukhuseleko, nentlalo-ntle yabemi bakhe. Iinkundla ziye zasoloko zixhasa imiqathango yengxolo esengqiqweni njengendlela efanelekileyo yokusebenzisa eli gunya, ukuba imithetho icacile, ingengachaphazeli kakhulu, kwaye ayingqubani nemigaqo efana nokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo (umz., ukulawula umthamo wentetho yezobupolitika okanye yonqulo kodwa hayi oko ikuquletheyo).

Indlela Abaququzeleli beMithetho Yobugcisa

Inkqubo yokubhala umthetho wengxolo ayiqheleki. Abameli kufuneka balungelelanise izilangazelelo ezikhuphisanayo: abanini-khaya abaxabisa ingokuhlwa ezizolileyo, iindawo zobomi zobusuku eziqhuba uqoqosho lwengingqi, iinkampani zokwakha ezifuna ukusebenza phakathi kwemimiselo eqinileyo, kunye nezakhiwo zoshishino ezisebenzayo ze-24/7. Iindlu zowiso-mthetho ezisebenzayo zixhomekeke kwi-data yenzululwazi. [iiiindawo] idecibel (iiiindawo ezikhoyo) isikali kunye nomlinganiselo ogqibeleleyo wexesha lemini .[1] .[iiiiiveki ezingundoqo] .

Abaququzeleli bomthetho bakwachaza “inkathazo yento engekho mthethweni” ngamanye amagama athe ngqo kunye namagama asekelwe kwimigaqo. Indlela ebhaliweyo imisela umqobo osisigxina; nasiphi na isandi esigqithileyo eso sinqanaba lokwaphula. Iindlela ezibhekiselela kumgangatho“womntu onengqondo” umgangatho , isandi esiphazamisa uxolo okanye intuthuzelo yomntu wokoqobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba umlinganiselo othe ngqo. Imithetho emininzi yale mihla idibanisa zombini, isebenzisa imida ye-decibel kwimithombo ethe ngqo (umz., HVAC units, iimoto) kunye nethotho lwengqumbo engenakubonwa kwangaphambili (umz., ukukhwaza, umculo onyusiweyo).

Amandla owiso-mthetho okulungisa le mimiselo anzima. Njengokuba abantu bebhenela kwizakhiwo ezintsha kufutshane namacandelo oshishino, ukunyuka kweelori zokuhambisa iikhompyutha, ukwanda kwamagqabi okuphehla ingxolo kufuneka kuphinde kubuye kubuye kujoliswe kwaye kulungiswe imithetho yengxolo. Ulwandiso olusuka kwingineli yesandi, amagosa empilo kawonke-wonke, kunye namalungu oluntu abumba ezi zizinto. Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwemithetho-mthetho, imigaqo yengxolo iyaphelelwa, mhlawumbi kusilela ukukhusela abemi okanye ukusohlwaya imisebenzi emitsha.

Impembelelo Yengxolo Engokwempilo: Isizathu Sokuba Inyathelo Lomthetho Libalulekile

Imiphumo Ebangelwa Kukugula Kwengqondo Nengqondo

Uqhagamshelwano oluphakathi kwengxolo nempilo lubhalwe kakuhle kwaye lunzulu. Uchaphazeleko olungapheliyo kwingxolo yemekobume ngaphezulu kwama-55 dBA() umgangatho wencoko eqhelekileyo okanye izithuthi eziphakathi) unyusa ubungozi boxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sokufakelwa. Uhlolisiso olubalulekileyo olupapashwa kwi- ye-Eupanean Hearting Journal [ lufumanise ukuba kwi-10 yokwanda kwengxolo yexesha lobusuku, umngcipheko wemithambo yentliziyo yenzeke ngo-12%. Abantwana abachanakele kwimigangatho ephezulu yenqwelo-moya okanye ingxolo babonisa ukulisela uluvo, ukucutha koluko, iinkumbulo, kunye neehomoni zoxinzelelo loxinzelelo.

Ukungalali kakuhle yenye yezona zinto zichaphazela impilo. Nokuba umntu akavuki ngokupheleleyo, ingxolo ingaphazamisa imijikelo yokulala, ithintele ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunye namaqondo eREM. Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo kwenza ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kungasebenzi kakuhle, kuphazamise ukusebenza kwengqondo, kwaye kunegalelo ekuphazamisekeni kwemikhwa. Amandla okulawula ukubethana komthetho ayakuthetha ngqo oku ngeeyure ezolileyo kunye nokusebenza okuyimfuneko kulwakhiwo olutsha kufutshane neenqwelo-ntapha okanye kwiindlela.

Impilo yengqondo ikwachaphazeleka. Ingxolo engaguquguqukiyo qha-kenyela uphindaphindo olusezantsi luvakala njenge bss ukusuka kwinightclub okanye i HVAC ibangela ukuxinezeleka komzimba, ikhupha i-cortisol kunye neadrenaline. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kungakhokelela kwixhala, ukucaphuka kunye nodandatheko. Ingingqi yomgangatho wengxolo idla ngokuxela ulwaneliseko olusezantsi. Imithetho yengxolo exhotyisiweyo enikwa ngumthetho wemithetho yemithetho yemithetho yemithetho yezonyango inganciphisa le mithwalo, ibangele imekobume apho abemi banokuphumla khona, baphumle, baphinde bakhulule.

Abemi Abanokukwazi Ukuhlahlela

Amandla omthetho abaluleke ngokukhethekileyo xa kuqwalaselwa abemi ababuthathaka. Imimandla ephantsi kwengeniso kunye noluntu olunombala olunemibala ibekwe kwimigangatho ephakamileyo yengxolo evela kwiinqwelo-moya, kumashishini, naphantsi kolwakhiwo. Oku kungabi nabulungisa okusingisele phantsi kolawulo olukhoyo. Imithetho inegunya lokumisela ukuthelekelela ukulingana kolawulo lwengxolo ngokuqinisa ukugcinwa kwemiqathango kwiindawo ezityesheliweyo, ifuna izigcini-ngxolo ezijikeleze izikolo nezibhedlele, kunye nezixhobo zokuzola izixhobo ezikhoyo kwimiboniso yezindlu ezinokufikeleleka.

Abantwana, abakhulileyo, kunye nabantu abakwimeko zempilo ekhoyo ngaphambili nabo bachanabeke kakhulu kwingozi yengxolo. Izikolo ezikufuphi noohola beendlela zisenokufuna ukuxhaswa kwesandi ngokuxhaswa ziimfuno zomthetho. Izibhedlele zifuna imiqathango engqongqo yokunceda izigulana zifumaneke. Oomasipala abaninzi banee- “hostal quare" ezinomphezulu osezantsi. Amaqumrhu anokuyila ezi zikhuseli-khuseli-sandi apho kungekho namnye khona.

Ukulungelelanisa Imisebenzi Yezoqoqosho Nentlalo

Ityala Leshishini Lokuphinda Kufunyanwe Ingxolo

Ngokwahlukileyo kwinkolelo yokuba imithetho yengxolo ichasene neshishini, imigaqo esebenzayo inganyusa uqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni. Imimandla ethe cwaka itsala iintsapho kunye noochwepheshe abahlawula amaxabiso empahla aphezulu. Uhlolisiso lwezezakhiwe zelizwe lubonisa ukuba amakhaya akwimimandla ephantsi kwengxolo athengiselwa imali eninzi, kwaye imimandla yezorhwebo enemigangatho elungeleleneyo yesandi itsala iinyawo ezininzi kunalawo akhathazwa yimidingo ehlala ngaphandle, umzekelo, ingenelwa kwimithetho ecacileyo yengxolo evumela umculo uphile de kube yiyure esengqiqweni engaphazazami bahlala kufutshane.

Imibhobho efana nokwakha nokuyila ingasebenza ngokungqinelana ngakumbi xa imimiselo ithe yaxelwa kwangaphambili. Ukwazi ukuba umsebenzi uvunyelwe ukusuka ku 7 a.m. ukuya ku 8 p.m., umzekelo, kuvumela iinkampani ukuba zicwangcise kakuhle. Amandla omthetho aquka ilungiselelo lemvume yengxolo yexeshana (kwiziganeko, ulungiso lwexesha likaxakeka, okanye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo) kunika ubuchule bokukwazi ukutshintsha xa kukhuselwa uluntu. Ngoko imithetho engqongqo okanye engacacanga, inokwenza ukuba zingaqiniseki, zikwazi ukujika, kwaye zibambe ixesha elininzi ngemicimbi yamashishini.

Ukuqwalasela inkcubeko nokuzonwabisa

Imimiselo yomthetho idla ngokungqubana nemisebenzi yenkcubeko neyokuzonwabisa. Iikonsathi zangaphandle, imibhiyozo, imidlalo, kunye neentlanganiso zonqulo konke oku kuvelisa isandi. Imithetho kufuneka ilinganisele ixabiso lemisebenzi yasekuhlaleni kunye nelungelo labemi lokuzola. Isisombululo somthetho esiqhelekileyo “sisiganeko esikhethekileyo esivumela” inkqubo evumela ukuvakala okungaphaya kwemiqathango eqhelekileyo evumela ukuba kubekwe ixesha elithile nendawo ethile, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zikawonke wonke (umz., imiqobo, imilinganiselo yantlalo, ukuphela kwamaxesha). Le ndlela isebenzisa igunya lomthetho-mthetho ukuxhasa nokulawula imibhiyo esemthethweni kunokuyivala ngokuthe ngqo.

Kwizixeko ezinezithethe ezahlukeneyo, ingxolo enxulumene nezithethe , ukusuka kwimithendeleko, iminxeba yokuthandaza, imibhiyozo yokugunda-gubu----enokuba yindawo ephambili. Imithetho kufuneka isebenzise amandla ayo ngobuchule benkcubeko, iqinisekisa ukuba imithetho ayisetyenziswa ngendlela yokukhupha ucalucalulo. Iinkundla ziye zayibetha imithetho yengxolo ejoliswe kwiinkxalabo zonqulo okanye kwiintetho zobuhlanga ngokungakhethiyo. Umthetho ofakelweyo ugxininisa kwimigangatho yesandi ekwaziyo kunokuqulathwele okanye uhlobo oluthile lwengxolo, iyenze yombini ingabikho semthethweni kwaye ibe ntle.

Ucelomngeni Lokunyanzeliswa: Ukunxulumaniswa Okubuthathaka Kwamandla Omthetho

Imilinganiselo kunye nokuCalucaciswa kweSihloko

Kwanomthetho wengxolo obhalwe kakuhle ulungile nje njengoko usebenza. Yaye ukunyanzelisa kuyaziwa ukuba kunzima. Ngokungafaniyo nemoto ebalekayo, ingxolo iyadlula kwaye iyazibeka. Ilori yenkunkuma ngexesha lesihlanu kusasa ingaba ngulwaphulo-mthetho ephepheni, kodwa ngexesha elifikayo igosa, ingxolo iphelile. Imithetho emininzi ifuna ukuba umthetho unyanzeliswe ukusebenzisa umgangatho wesandi omiselweyo, kodwa abaphathi-majoni abangewathwali okanye bangalufumani uqeqesho. “ingxolo esengqiqweni” ingaba nzima ukunyanzeleka, njengoko bethembela kwisigwebo segosallllll-jong.

Amandla omthetho anokuyisingatha le ngxaki yokunyanzelisa. Okokuqala, iintsebenziswano zowiso-mthetho zingafakela kwimisebenzi yobugcisa: iinkqubo zokuhlola isandi kwiindawo eziphezulu, iinkqubo zekhamera ezizenzekelayo ezidityaniswe kubafundi belayisensi yemibhobho engxolayo, kunye nee-apps ezihamba-hambayo ezivumela abemi ukuba bakhuphe iirekhodi njenge bungqina. Okwesibini, abalawuli bemithetho-mthetho bangawucacisa umthwalo wobungqina. Eminye imithetho ngoku ivumela “eye-se” ukuqhekeza imigangatho emiselwe decibel ngokuzenzekelayo iyangqubana ngokuzenzekelayo nokungalunyukiswa kwe-teethe-tee. Okwesithathu, i-komiti yemithetho ingenza iiyunithi ezinikezelweyo zengxolo, ngokwahlukeneyo kwizikhulu zamapolisa, iziqeqeshiweyo ngabahloli bezixhobo ezifanelekileyo.

Ingxelo yoLuntu neNkxaso

Ukunyanzeliswa kuxhomekeke kubemi ababika ukwaphulwa. Apha, amaqumrhu emithetho angakhuthaza intsebenziswano ngokwenza ingxelo elula nengaziwayo. iOnline, ii-operals, iintelets ezinikezelweyo, kunye nokunxulumana namaqonga aphezulu esixeko anika abemi amandla okusebenza njengeemonitha zengxolo. Noko ke, ukuxhomekeka kakhulu kwizikhalazo kungenza “NIMBY” amandla apho amaphimbo angxolayo (kodwa ngokomfuziselo nangokoqobo) alawula. Imithetho kufuneka igadele nxamnye nemithetho esetyenziswa ngokuchasene nabamelwane okanye nemicimbi eshishino abayithandiyo.

Esinye isixhobo sowiso-mthetho kukunyanzeliswa komthetho okuqhubekayo: ulwaphulo-mthetho lokuqala luzisa isilumkiso, okwesibini kuzisa intlawulo, kwaye ukuchasana ngokuphindaphindiweyo kukhula kukhokelela ekupheliseni imvume yabasebenzi bezorhwebo. Oku kunika imithombo yengxolo engapheliyo indlela ecacileyo yokuthobela ngaphandle kwesohlwayo esiqatha, lo gama kwakhona kuboniswa ukuba injongo yomthetho inzulu.

Uhlaziyo lobugcisa kulawulo lwengxolo

Abasebenzi boluvo abakrelekrele kunye nomthetho wogcino-lwazi oqhutywa ngohlobo oluthile lobuchule

Ubuxhakaxhaka buguqula indlela ingxolo elinganiswa ngayo kwaye ilawulwa ngayo, kwaye izikhululo zendlu yowiso-mthetho zinokudibanisa ezi zixhobo kwiMimiselo. Iinethwekhi zesixeko esikrelekrele zifakwe izintlu zeziva-sandi [[[FLT: 0]] izivo zesandi ezisoloko zihlola amanqanaba engxolo, zidlulisa ugcino-lwazi kwiqonga eliphakathi. Abaquququzeleli bangasebenzisa olu lwazinzo ukuchola ii-horhor-getsss --iptics apho ingxolo yetranslaves ezikhoyo ebusuku, okanye imibhobho ediswayo yemiciso okanye iinguqulo ezikhoyo ngokunjalo. Umthetho-onqaliconvetic comment directioned transty trans to gestties metic metics metics metics sy.

Ngokomzekelo, isixeko singasebenzisa ulwazi lwezimvo ukutshintsha iiyure zaso zokuthula ngommandla, siqonda ukuba ipaseji yezorhwebo kufuphi nendawo yokuhlala ifuna umlinganiselo osezantsi kunomqathango wasebusuku kunomzi - mveliso opheleleyo. Ezinye izixeko zinenkqubo yemivo yokunikezela ngezakhono ngokuzenzekelayo kwizithuthi ezigqitha kwimida yedecibel, efana neekhamera ezibomvu. Oku kususa umthwalo kumagosa amapolisa kwaye kunika inkqubo engaguqukiyo yokuqhuba inkqubo.

Imigangatho yolwakhiwo noyilo lwasedolophini

Amandla omthetho akwayabela ukwakhiwa kwekhowudi kunye nocwangciso lwedolophu. Iinkcazo zengxolo, ukuchaphazeleka kwempembelelo yemekobume, zingafuneka ukuze kwenziwe uphuhliso olutsha kufutshane nemimandla engazolanga (iindawo zokuhlala, iindawo zokugcina iincwadi, iindawo zokuhlala). Imithetho ingagunyazisa ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokwakha ezizolileyo (umz., ii-g., ii-grayhammer zombane, iinjini zesandi ezixhotyiswe kwisandi) okanye izixhobo zokwakha ezinciphisa ukusasazazo (iifestile ezidityatyaniswe kabini, amaphahla aluhlaza afuze ukhuthulo). Le mithetho yokuphakama idla ngokubiza imali eninzi kunokuzama ukulawula ingxolo emva kokuba isakhiwo sisetyenzisiwe.

I-Zoning yenye indawo apho amandla owiso-mthetho abumba iziphumo ezingundoqo zengxolo. Iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zophuhliso oludityanisiweyo, oludibanisa iindawo zokuhlala nezorhwebo, lufuna imithetho ebhalwe ngocoselelo engqinelana noxinezelelo lwengxolo. Imithetho ingafuna isandi semilinganiselo ye-atnunutives kwimimandla edityanisiweyo (umz., iindonga ezineereyithi eziphezulu ze-STC, ukukhupha isandi) ngelingeko iziphumo zedecibel yezikhulumi zangaphandle. Ngaphandle kokubona kude kwemithetho, iindawo ezidityaniweyo ezisebenzisa i-activessss zinokuba yimithombo yengxabano.

Uphando lwetyala kwinyathelo lengxolo yomthetho

IsiXeko SaseNew York: Ucelomngeni Lobunzima

Imithetho yengxolo yesiXeko saseNew York, egcinwe yavuselelwa ngo-2007 yaza yahlaziywa, yenye yezona ndawo zibanzi ehlabathini. IBhunga lesiXeko, elinenjongo yokulungelelanisa iimfuno zezigidi ezisi-8,5 zabemi abahlala kwimimandla ephakamileyo ekwidolophu exineneyo. Le mithetho imisela imida engqongqo yeendawo zokuhlala, ukuvalwa kwengxolo ngexesha lobusuku nangempelaveki kwindawo yokuhlala, kwaye ifuna ukuba umsindo wesandi uthintelwe kwizakhiwo ezintsha ezikufuphi neendawo zokuzonwabisa. I-Enfoctive ilawulwa liSebe lezokukhusela indalo, apho kukho amawaka ezikhalazo minyaka lemilo. Imithetho yemithetho ibandakanya ilungiselelo elikhethekileyo “loliwe ngeyeyokuchitha ixesha lemibhiyo." olu cwangciso lwengxolo-oval-oki lucuthe kwimingxuku-ok-o, nangona luhlala kwiingingqi zemigrorhorhoxi.

IPortland, eOregon: Uluntu 76C lwangena

Inkqubo yengxolo yePortland igxininisa ukubandakanyeka koluntu. IBhunga lesiXeko ligcina amatyala kawonke-wonke kunye neendawo zokusebenzela zoluntu phambi kokulungisa ikhowudi yengxolo. Baye badibanisa “inkqubo ecacileyo" evumela abemi ukuba bacele imvume yokusebenza ixesha elifutshane, imisebenzi ephezulu (njengeqela lebloko okanye ikonsathi) ekwimeko yokunciphisa ukuphazamisa. IPortland isebenzisa inkqubo esekelwe kwisiseko sendlela ecacileyo, imilinganiselo engenakuguqulwa, inciphisa umgangatho owenziweyo okhokelela ekubekelweni komthetho ongenakuguqulwa. Isenzo esiphawulekayo sokulawula imicimbi sasikukuthathwa kotshintsho “kwesiqhushukuvutha"." sigunyaza ukuvuthela igesi ephuma kwi-aklobhulotiwe kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi, kunye nokurhoxiswa kweminxe kwemi kuthelo lwezorhwebo, ukusetyenziswa kwentetho yezorhwebo ukusetyenziswa kwentetho esetyenziswayo ngexesha eliqhelekileyo.

Ukulungelelanisa Inkululeko Nezinto Eziqhelekileyo

Imida YomGaqo-siseko neyoMgaqo-siseko

Amandla omthetho alawula ingxolo awemigqele. ISindululo sokuqala sikhusela intetho, kuquka ukuthetha okunyusiweyo, kunye nemithetho evala ngokuphumelelayo ukuvalwa kwazo zonke isandi esinyusiweyo kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke. Noko ke, ixesha elisengqiqweni, indawo, kunye nemiqathango iyavunyelwa. Indlu yowiso-mthetho ingasithintela isingqi esiphakamile kwindawo yokuhlala emva kwe-10 p.m., okanye ifune imvume yokusetyenziswa kwekonsathi yendlela yesitrato (xa umthetho uthe waneitrato nomthetho ovulekileyo weminye imisele yonxibelelwano. Ngokufanayo, ilungelo lokunandipha izinto zomntu (“umnqophiso ozizonwabisayo” ogqalwayo") kufuneka ulungelelaniswe nxamnye namalungelo abanye abantu ukuze basebenzise impahla yabo. i-Gptionalislas i-groptic, kunye nemithetho elungeleneyo esemthethweni yokuqinisekisa ukuqhuba i-mthetho.

Indima yoLwazi oluNgenisiweyo

Eyona mithetho yengxolo iphumelelayo yileyo ikhula ngokusuka kwincoko yokwenene yoluntu. Amaqumrhu afuna igalelo ngokukhutheleyo ngolwazi lukawonke-wonke, ngohlolo lwe-intanethi, kunye neekomiti zolawulo lwe-odoli avelisa imithetho enandipha ukuthotyelwa okubanzi nokungaxhathisi. Abahlali bakulungele ngakumbi ukwamkela imiqathango elungeleleneyo kwinkululeko yabo .qhwitha, bangadlali umculo ovakalayo emva kweshumi p.m.[1] Xa beqonda ukuba nempilo ilungelelene nenkqubo. Ukuqikelelo olumalunga nedecibel kunye nemigaqo yokunyanzelisa isakhiwo sakha ukuthemba. Ngokuphikisana noko, imimiselo ephezulu ebekwe ngaphandle kwengxoxo idla ngokungahoywa okanye ukucelw'ilwa enkundlelweni.

Imithetho ingawasusa amalungu oluntu njenge- “amagosa athethayo” afundisa abamelwane ngomthetho kunokuba ohlwaye. Le ndlela ilula, exhaswa lugunyaziso lwemithetho, inokunciphisa ukwenziwa komthetho wokugcinwa kwengxolo. Kwezinye izixeko, iingxwabangxwaba zengxolo zibhekiswa kwi-agn phambi kwaso nasiphi na isenzo esisemthethweni, inkqubo eyenziwe yinkqubo yemithetho yezomthetho.

Utyekelo Lwexesha Elizayo Nokuzivumelanisa Nomthetho

Ubuchule bokwenza imbonakalo kunye nobuxhakaxhaka bobungcathu

Njengezithuthi zombane, izixhobo zokwakha ezinamandla ebhetri, kunye neenkqubo zokwakha ezizolileyo zeHVAC ziyakufuna ukuhlaziywa, imithetho yengxolo ifuna ukuhlaziywa. Imida yemithetho ifuna ukuthoba i-baseline decibel esisiseko ukuze ibonise oko ngokunokwenzeka ngokobugcisa. Umzekelo, ukuba iilori ezininzi zokuhambisa zisebenza ngo-2030, umgangatho owamkelekileyo wengxolo yelori ungahla ukusuka kuma-80 ukuya kuma-70 dBA. Abaphathi-mthetho abahlala phambili kwezobugcisa bangatyhala kwizixeko ezithuleyo ngaphandle kokuthintela umsebenzi omtsha.

Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Nengxolo

Utshintsho lwemozulu lulinganiswa ngezantsi. njengokufakwa kwempompo yobushushu, ukwakhiwa okuxhaphakileyo kwemiqobo yesikhukula, kunye nomatshini wokuhambisa igesi ngexesha lokuphuma kombane /ukuvelisa imithombo emitsha yengxolo. Imithetho izakufuna ukuguqula iingxolo zexeshana kumsebenzi wongxamiseko ngeli lixa iqinisekisa ukuba ingxolo yesiqhelo enxulumene nemozulu ayibi ngumthwalo osisigxina. Imithetho ehlaziyiweyo iquka amalungiselelo “engxolo entle” evumela iprojective", kunye neemeko ezingqongqo zemozulu ngexesha elide neyure.

Inkxalabo Yasese Ngogcino - lwazi

Ukwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezivo ezikrelekreleyo kunyusa imiba yemfihlo. Iimonitha zengxolo ezixhotyisiweyo zingayibhala ngokuphandle incoko. Imithetho kufuneka ibeke umda ngokucacileyo ugcino-lwazi olunezimvo ziqokelela/_akukho kushicilo lwesandi, amaqondo edecibel kuphela, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba ugcino-lwazi aluthengiswa okanye alusetyenziswa ukuqwalasela. Imithetho yogcino-lwazi olucacileyo, edluliselwe ecaleni komthetho wengxolo, ibalulekile ukugcina ulwelo lukawonke-wonke.

Isiphelo

Amandla okulawula ingxolo angundoqo. Inceda abantu ukuba bamisele imilinganiselo esekelwe kwinzululwazi nakumpilo yoluntu, banyanzelise le milinganiselo ngokungaguquguqukiyo, baze bayilungelelanise njengeemeko ezitshintshileyo. Ukusuka kwiphondo linemithetho esisiseko yesiseko solawulo ukuya ngaphaya kweeyure ezithe cwaka, umsebenzi wendlu yowiso-mthetho ubumba zonke ezikhoyo. Ukuhlahlela imilinganiselo yemeko-metacity. Ukuhlisa umngcipheko wentliziyo, ukulala kakuhle, ukuphucula ukukhula kobuchopho kubantwana, nokuphuculwa kwendlela yokusebenza kwentlalo-ntle. Kodwa eli gunya limele lisetyenziswe ngokulungelelenzeko nokubonelela, ukukhusela inkululeko yomntu ngamnye ngoxa ekhusela okulungileyo. Ekugqibeleni, umthetho owenziweyo umgangatho othe ngokukhululekileyo awunamqatha kwinkululeko kodwa ulungele umgangatho wokuphila. I-gractor ilungele ukutshintsha olu lutsha, i-synstrupy, i-sycrived produs, i-data, i-mationssssssss, is elungelene, i-crivey'

Ukufunda ngokubhekele phaya kwempembelelo yempilo yengxolo, [[FLT: 0] CD-C] iphepha longcoliso lwengxolo inika ugcino-lwazi olubanzi. [[[[FLT:][[FLT]][[FLT]][[FLT]]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]][11] ikhombiza yomoya [[FLT]] inika ulawulo lwengingqiyongalatho].[FFLT] [FFLT] [1]