Iinkqubo zolutsha zemidlalo kunye nezokuzonwabisa zingundoqo ekukhuleni komntwana ophilileyo. Zifundisa ukusebenza kunye, uqeqesho, kunye nokunyamezela ngelinye ixesha, zikhuthaza ukulwa nokutyeba komzimba okulwa nokutyeba komntwana nokukhuthaza ukutyeba kwengqondo. Kodwa ubukho, ubunjani, kunye nokungaququki kwezi nkqubo azimiselwanga ngamabona - ndenzile. Urhulumente kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni . . . . "Iiiimali eziyabini ezinika amandla okanye ezithintela ukuthatha inxaxheba kolutsha." Ukuqonda indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi migaqo kunceda abantu bafumane amakhefu, bamele bafumane utshintsho, kunye nokwakha iinkqubo apho wonke umntu oselula anethuba lokudlala.

Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iindlela ezibalulekileyo zenkqubo yelizwe neyasekuhlaleni ezichaphazela imidlalo yolutsha, imiqobo enokuyibangela ingaqondanga, kunye namacebo abenzi benkqubo banokuwasebenzisa ukuze baqinise amathuba okuzonwabisa kubo bonke abantwana.

Indlela Isimilo Esiwaguqula Ngayo Amathuba Olutsha Emidlalo

Urhulumente kunye noorhulumente basekuhlaleni banegunya elibalulekileyo kwimidlalo yolutsha ngezigqibo zoqingqo-mali, ukuceba umhlaba, izigunya-mali zesikolo sikarhulumente, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo yoluntu. Ezi zigqibo zigqiba ukuba yiyiphi imidlalo enikelwayo, ngubani onayo, nendlela eqhuba ngayo ngokukhuselekileyo. Xa imigaqo ixhasa ngokukhutheleyo ukuzihlaziya kolutsha, iziphumo zidla ngokuba luthungelwano oluninzi olunemibutho elungelelanisiweyo, imimandla efikelelekayo, kunye noqeqesho. Xa zinganikwanga, zivela ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuhlawula Imali Yokufudusa Nokubeka Uqingqo-mali Kwindawo Eza Kuqala

Imali kawonke-wonke yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwimidlalo yolutsha. OoMasipala abaquka ukuzihlaziya kolutsha njengento efunekayo kuqingqo-mali lwaminyaka le banokuyigcina ipaki, ukwakha izakhiwo zemidlalo, nokufaka iindleko zokuthabatha inxaxheba kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi. Amazwe afaka imali kwiinkqubo zemidlalo esekelwe esikolweni aqinisekisa ukuba abafundi, kungakhathaliseki ukuba bafumana mali engakanani, bayakwazi ukukhuphisana nokuzihlaziya.

Ngelishwa, ukuxhasa imidlalo yolutsha kudla ngokuba yeyokuqala ukunqunyulwa ngexesha lokuwohloka kwezoqoqosho. Ngokwe- Icandelo leProjekthi ye-Aspen Faew , kuphela omnye kubantwana abane abasuka kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi abathatha inxaxheba rhoqo kwimidlalo, xa kuthelekiswa nesiqingatha sabantwana abasuka kwiintsapho ezifumana imali ephezulu. Lo msantsalo ubopheleleke ngqo kwiinkqubo. Iqela elithe liqokelela imali eninzi ye-irandi yezokuzonwabisa okanye eligqithisa imiqathango yemibutho yemidlalo ehlawulwayo libona amaqondo aphezulu enxaxheba kunye nemirhumo eyahlukeneyo.

Amazwe anokuphembelela ukuxhaswa ngemali ngeenkqubo ezinika abantu. Ngokomzekelo, amanye amaphondo anika amaqula okuzonwabisa alingana ne-erandi yeendawo ezintsha okanye izixhobo. Ezi zizathu zikhuthaza oomasipala ukuba bafake inxaxheba kwimidlalo yolutsha naxa uqingqo-mali lwengingqi luqinile. Ngaphandle kwemigaqo-nkqubo enjalo, abantu abangamahlwempu basoloko begcinwa phantsi, bekhuthaza umjikelo wokungasebenzi nokungalingani kwamathuba.

Ukufikelela nokulondolozwa kobungcali

Izikhululo ezilawula umhlaba, ukwabelana ngempahla yesithili yesikolo, nokulungisa ipaki kuchaphazela indlela neendawo abadlala kuzo abantwana. Uluntu oluninzi luxhomekeke kwimimandla yesikolo sikawonke-wonke nakwiendawo zokuzilolonga ukuze luzihlaziye emva kweeyure. Xa iibhodi zesikolo zihlawula imali ephezulu yokuqesha okanye zithintela ukusetyenziswa kwemisebenzi yoluntu ngenxa yetyala, amaqela olutsha aphulukana nezithuba ezinokufikeleleka.

Ukubekwa kwemithetho kunye nokucwangciswa kwezakhiwo zobulali kusemgangathweni. Iindawo ezifuna izithuba eziluhlaza ezidityanisiweyo okanye ezifuna inkqubela entsha yezindlu eziquka ukusetyenziswa kwemidlalo yezokuzonwabisa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iindawo ezibeka phambili inkqubela-phambili yezorhwebo ngaphandle kokuzisela ipaki zishiya iintsapho zineendlela ezimbalwa ezikhuselekileyo. Imigaqo emisela izivumelwano ezisetyenziswa kunye phakathi kwesithili-zikolo kunye namasebe eepaki zingandisa izinto ezikhoyo kwaye zinciphise iindleko zeentsapho.

Imigangatho yokhuseleko nokhuseleko

Iingozi zezemidlalo zolutsha, amatyala okuxhatshazwa kwemidlalo, kunye neziganeko ezinxulumene nobushushu ziye zashukumisela uninzi lwamazwe ukuba lwamkele imimiselo yokhuseleko. Imithetho efuna uhlolo olungasemva kubaqeshi, uqeqesho lokubophelela imvume, kunye neenkqubo zokunyanzelisa ukubhaliswa kwesiqinisekiso kwenza imekobume ekhuselekileyo ebantwaneni. I-Unionliances for Youth Sports inika oovimba kunye neziqinisekiso ezidityanisiweyo eziye zadityaniswe kumacandelo azo okuzonwabisa.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni isenokumisela umgangatho wokhuseleko lwezixhobo, ukubonakala kwebala, kunye namanyathelo ongxamiseko. Ngokomzekelo, abanye oomasipala bafuna ukuba onke amacandelo kawonke-wonke ahlolwe ngeengozi ngaphambi kwexesha ngalinye. Ngoxa le migaqo yongeza ulawulo phezu kwentloko, inciphisa iqondo lokwenzakala kwaye inceda abazali bazive beqinisekile ukuba babhalise abantwana babo kwiinkqubo zoluntu.

Imiqobo Ebangelwa Yimiqobo Yenkqubo

Phezu kwazo nje iinzuzo ezicacileyo zemidlalo yolutsha, imigaqo emininzi yelizwe neyasekuhlaleni ibangela imiqobo engacetywanga. Le miqobo ngokufuthi ichaphazela amaqela acekelwe phantsi ngokungenakulinganiswa yaye ibathintela abantwana ukuba bafumane iingenelo ezininzi ezisemzimbeni, entlalweni, nangokweemvakalelo ezifumaneka kwimidlalo.

Izithintelo Zemali

Iindleko zokuhlawula ingeniso zixhaphakile njengoko izikolo namasebe okuzonwabisa ezama ukuhlawula iindleko. Kumazwe amaninzi, iintsapho kufuneka zihlawule amakhulu okanye amawaka eerandi ngexesha lokubhaliswa kweqela, iiyunifomu, iindleko zokuhamba, kunye neendleko zokungena kwimidlalo. Ngaphandle kwemigaqo efaka le mali okanye enika intlawulo yemali etyibilikayo, iintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi zidla ngokubiza imali epheleleyo.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yomgangatho karhulumente inganceda ngokufuna ukuba uqingqo-mali lwesikolo sezemidlalo lubeke iliso kwintelekelelo. Amanye amatyala amisele umthetho othintela izikolo ekuhlawuleni iindleko zokungenelela kwimisebenzi engaphezulu. Eminye inikela ingqeqesho exhotyisiweyo karhulumente kubafundi abafumana imali ephantsi abafuna ukungenela amaqela emidlalo. Ingingqi zingasebenzisana nemibutho engafumani ngeniso ukuze ibhalise iindleko zenkqubo, kodwa ezi zixakelelwa zizixhobo azinelanga ngaphandle kwenkxaso engqingqiqwenileyo yenkqubo.

Iindleko zokuhamba zingezinye iindleko ezifihlakeleyo. Kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, imidlalo isenokuba ikude, kwaye iindlela zokuthutha zikawonke wonke zilinganiselwe. Imithetho exhasa iinkonzo zoluntu zothutho lwenqwelo-moya okanye iinkqubo zecarpool inganceda iintsapho ezingenazo izinto zokuhamba ezinokuthenjwa.

Imilinganiselo Efanelekileyo Neyokubuyiselwa

Iinkqubo ezininzi zolutsha zemidlalo zinyanzelisa ukuba abantwana abafunda isikolo ngaphandle kwesithili okanye abahlala kwiindawo ezikufutshane kodwa ezingasetyenziswayo. Le mithetho iyakwazi ukuqhekeza imibutho yendalo yomdlalo kwaye ithintele abantwana ekungeneni amaqela nabahlobo babo abasesikolweni. Nangona iinkqubo zokuhlala zisoloko zicetyelwe ukulinganisela ukhuphiswano lwezinto eziphathekayo, basenokungabafaki abantwana kwiimeko zokuhlala ezingazinziyo, kuquka nabo bahlala kwiindawo zokunyamekela okanye abahlala kuzo.

Utshintsho lwakutshanje lwenkqubo kwamanye amazwe ngoku luvumela abantwana abanyanyekelwayo ukuba babe nenxaxheba kwimidlalo kwisikolo sabo, basuse umqobo omkhulu. Abameli bayaqhubeka benyanzela ukuba kubekho ubulula obungakumbi bokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho mntwana ukhanyelwayo kwiqela ngenxa yokuba balale apho.

Ukungabikho kokuziqhelanisa nokuKodwa

Abantwana abaneziphene bajongene nemiqobo ekhutshiweyo yokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yolutsha. Iinkqubo ezininzi azinazixhobo zokulungisa imidlalo, abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, okanye izakhiwo ezifikelelekayo. Urhulumente kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yasekuhlaleni egunyazisa ukubandakanywa kwezixhobo zokuzihlaziya `ezifuna zihambelane noMthetho we-Merika we-ADA) onesiphene nokunika iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo zokuvala lo msantsaba.

I- ishukuma imanyano intlangano exhasa iinkqubo zemidlalo ezisekelwe ekuhlaleni kwaye isebenza noorhulumente basekuhlaleni ukwandisa iminikelo. Amanye amazwe aye adlulisela umthetho ofuna ukuba imimandla yepaki inikele ubuncinane udweliso olunye lwenkqubo lwemidlalo ngexesha elithile. Le migaqo ithumela umyalezo ocacileyo wokuba imidlalo yolutsha yeyomntwana ngamnye, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unako nako.

Indima Yokumanyana Kuyilo Lomgaqo-nkqubo

Ukulingana asiyondlela nje yokuthetha kwimidlalo yolutsha; ngumphumo ongenakuthelekiswa. Izithethe zenzelwe ukunciphisa ukwahlukana nge ngabom zikhokelela ekuthabatheni inxaxheba ephezulu kuyo yonke into, nakuluntu olwahlukeneyo, oluneemeko ezithe kratya. Imiba emithathu enzima yokungalingani kwimigaqo yemidlalo yolutsha iquka ubufana, imeko yentlalo, kunye nohlanga.

i-Gender Equity

Isihloko se-IX seSinyuso semfundo sowe-1971 samisela umgangatho wesizwe wokungalingani kwezakwabelana kwezasezikolweni, kodwa ukunyanzeliswa kwazo kwimidlalo yasekuhlaleni akukahambelani. Izikolo ezininzi zisazama ukulungiselela amathuba alinganayo emidlalo, izibonelelo, kunye nemali yemali kumakhwenkwe namantombazana. URhulumente nemigaqo-siseko yasekuhlaleni engaphaya kweemfuno zorhulumente qhathelo-manani okanye ukusungula ikomiti yomthetho-mthetho-mthetho ekwabelanayo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba amantombazana anokukhuphisana njengamakhwenkwe.

I- inika ukhokelo lwamabhinqa lweSports Foundation ekuphuhlisweni kwemigaqo elinganayo, kuquka iingcebiso zokufumana uqeqesho, amaxesha okuqhelisela, kunye nokusasazwa. Ingingqi ezamkela ezi zincomelo zinikela ingxelo yenani eliphezulu lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwamabhinqa kunye nonyuso lwezikhundla lwemidlalo yamabhinqa kwisikolo samabanga aphakamileyo nangaphaya.

Ukulingana Kwentlalo Nentlalo

Ulwahlulo olunzulu kwimidlalo yolutsha ethabatha inxaxheba kwintlalo-ntle kunye nentlalo-ntle kunye nohlanga luyaqhubeka kwilizwe lonke. Abantwana abaphuma kwiintsapho ezifumana imali engaphantsi kwee-$50 000 ngonyaka abanamathuba angakumbi okudlala imidlalo elungelelanisiweyo kunaleyo ifumaneka kwiintsapho ezifumana imali eninzi. Abantsundu nababhinqileyo basoloko bejamelene nemiqobo eyongezelelekileyo, kuquka ukungafumani zindawo ezikhuselekileyo zokuhlala ngaphandle kunye neendleko eziphezulu kwimibutho yokhuphiswano.

Imithetho elawulayo ethetha ngezi zahlukaniso kufuneka iquke ii-arhente ezivavanywayo, i-oventiers, imibutho yamaqumrhu ekhululekileyo ekwingingqi ezigciniweyo, kunye nemigudu yorhwebo ukuqinisekisa iintsapho ukuba ziyazazi iinkqubo ezikhoyo. Ezinye izixeko zivelise "iindawo zokulwa namanani athe athathelwa inxaxheba nxamnye nogcino-lwazi lwamanani, zivumele amasebe ezokuzonwabisa ukukhokelelela oovimba kwiindawo eziphezulu ezifuna uluntu. Xa abenzi benkqubo benkqubo besebenzisa ugcino-data ukuqhuba izigqibo ezikhoyo, banokuvala izithuba eziye zaqhubeka kamashumi eminyaka.

Ukungafezeki

Ngaphezu koncedo lwemidlalo olulungelelaniswayo, ukufakwa kwenkqubo kudinga ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo ithethe ngezimo zengqondo, uqeqesho, kunye nokufikeleleka komzimba. Abasebenzi abaninzi abazonwabisayo abalufumani uqeqesho lokuqeqesha abantwana abaneziphene zomzimba okanye zophuhliso. Iinkqubo zikarhulumente ezifuna ukuqeqeshwa okungakhuliyo kubo bonke abaqeqeshi abasebenza kwiinkqubo zikawonke-wonke zingawaphucula ngokuphawulekayo amava abantwana abaneziphene.

Ukongezelela, iinkqubo ezixhasa utshintsho lwezibonelelo , ezifana nendlela yesitulo esinamavili esinamavili, izithuba ezinamazinyo, kunye nezixhobo zokudlala ezilungelelaniswayo .(isiqinisekiso sokuba abantwana abaneziphene bangathatha inxaxheba kunye noontanga babo naninina kunokwenzeka. Ukwanda kweenkqubo zemidlalo ezidityanisiweyo, ezidibanisa abadlali neqela elinye, zibonisa amandla okuyila ngokuququzelela.

Imigaqo-nkqubo encomela iinkqubo zemidlalo zolutsha ezomeleleyo

Ukuphucula iziphumo zemidlalo yolutsha kufuna ukuba kwenziwe ngabom kumazwe amaninzi karhulumente. Oku kunconyelwa kusekelwe kwizenzo ezingcono ezivela kumazwe nakwizixeko eziphumeleleyo kwaye zenzelwe ukunceda abaququzeleli benkqubo, iinkokeli zoluntu nabameli boluntu ukuba batshintshe ngokupheleleyo.

Ukwandisa Ungeniso Lwabantu Bonke

Inkxaso-mali exhasekileyo sisiseko sayo nayiphi na inkqubo yemidlalo yolutsha ephumelelayo. Izindlu zowiso-mthetho zelizwe kufuneka ziqwalasele imisinga yengeniso enikezelweyo ukwenzela ukuzihlaziya kolutsha, njengenxalenye encinane yerhafu karhulumente okanye imali yelottery. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bangazalisekisa iindleko zenkcitho yepaki kwinkqubela entsha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingqameko yesiseko iyaqhubeka nokwanda kwabemi.

Imizekelo evela kuluntu oluzibophelelelo iquka amazwe anjengeKhalifoniya afumana imali eninzi kwiinkqubo zokuzonwabisa nasemva kwesikolo esiphezulu ngeProsig 68, umlinganiselo wokudibanisa ipaki. Xa utyalo-mali lukawonke wonke lungaguquguquki, iinkqubo zemidlalo yolutsha zingayilungiselela ixesha elide kunokuba zisebenzise unyaka wonke.

Ukuphumeza imithetho yokuziphatha yokhuseleko esesikweni

Umntwana ngamnye ufanelwe yimeko ekhuselekileyo anokuyidlala. I-United States kufuneka imisele imilinganiselo encinane yokhuseleko kuzo zonke iinkqubo zemidlalo zolutsha ezisebenzisa amasebe kawonke-wonke, kuquka ii-checks zemvelaphi yabo bonke abaqeqeshi namatshantliziyo, uqeqesho lokunconywa, kunye nokucwangciswa kongxamiseko. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bangaqhubeka befuna ukuba yonke imimandla kunye nemidlalo ihlolwe minyaka lenye kwaye badlulise imithetho emisela imigaqo yokhuseleko lobushushu kwimozulu egqithiseleyo.

Le migaqo ayikhuseli abantwana kuphela kodwa inciphisa iimbopheleleko kuomasipala ize yenze iinkqubo zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kubaqeqeshi nakumakhaya abo.

Yenza iinkqubo zokufikelela ezilinganayo

Kwimiqobo ephantsi, amatyala angagunyazisa ukuba nayiphi na inkqubo yemidlalo yolutsha exhaswayo ekuhleni inike intlawulo yesikali esityibilikayo okanye inxaxheba ngokukhululekileyo kwiintsapho ezingaphantsi komqobo othile wengeniso. Imimandla kufuneka isebenzisane nezikolo kunye namaqumrhu oncedo lwasekuhlaleni ukuchonga iintsapho ezifanelekileyo nokususa ukhuphiswano lwesicelo. Ii-athoridi kufuneka zihlawule iindleko zezixhobo kunye nee-attingss xa zifuneka.

Ezinye izixeko ziye zasebenzisa ngokunempumelelo "iindawo zokuthumela ingeniso kuzo zonke iinkqubo" eziqinisekisa ukuba kukho indawo kumntwana ngamnye ofuna ukudlala, kungakhathaliseki ukuba unako na ukuhlawula. Ezi zinyathelo zisoloko zisiba yindlela yokuqhayisa uluntu kwaye zinganyusa ngokuphawulekayo inxaxheba kulo lonke inani labemi abangaphantsi.

ISebe leMicimbi yeNkcubeko yeForester

Akukho qumrhu linye linokuxhasa imidlalo yolutsha kuphela. I-policies ifanele ikhuthaze intsebenziswano phakathi kwezikolo, iziqithi zepaki, imibutho engafumani ngeniso, kunye namaqumrhu emidlalo azimeleyo. Ngokomzekelo, isixeko sisenokudlulisela isigqibo sokuyila ibhunga lemidlalo elidibanisa abaxhasi bemidlalo abaselula ukuze basebenzisane ngezinto, balungelelanise ucwangciso, kwaye bachaze imiqobo kwinkqubo.

Unxulumano lukawonke-wonke lobuqu lungazisa ubuchule kunye nenkxaso urhulumente angenakuyinika kuphela. IAspen Institute yeProject Factor inika isiseko sentsebenziswano yoluntu eye yamkelwa kwizixeko ezininzi kwilizwe lonke. Ezi nkqubo ziqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo ziphelelisa kunokuba zikhuphisane, zinyusa impembelelo yemali nganye echithwayo.

Isiphelo

Iinkqubo zolutsha zemidlalo nezokuzonwabisa azizizo ezobunewunewu. Zizinto zikawonke wonke eziyimfuneko ezifak ’ isandla kwintlalo entle, enxulumeneyo. Kodwa ngaphandle kwemigaqo-nkqubo yorhulumente neyasekuhlaleni exhasa ngemali ephambili, ukhuseleko, ukuthelekelela, kunye nokubandakanya, abantwana abaninzi bashiyeka ecaleni. Abenzi bezonyango kufuneka bahambe ngaphaya kwendlela yokungena kwintsebenziswano baze bakhe iinkqubo eziqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ngamnye unethuba lokudlala, lokukhuphisana, kunye nokukhula.

Abameli bangenza indima engundoqo ngokuya kwiintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, benikela ubungqina kwiintlanganiso zebhunga lesizwe, kunye nabaxhasi ababeka ukuzonwabisa kolutsha kwindawo yokuqala. Xa abantu befuna iinkqubo ezibeka abantwana kuqala, zonke iinzuzo zebutho labantu. Indlela engaphambili ifuna isibopho esizinzileyo, kodwa umvuzo `isizukulwana sabantu abaselula esisempilweni, esikwaziyo ukumelana neengxaki, nesinxulumene ngakumbi "ingumgudu ofanelekileyo).