Intsingiselo Ende Yokwahlukana: Isithethe Ngaphambi Kwesivumelwano Esihle NgoLwesihlanu

Ukuze uqonde impembelelo yokuguqula kweGood Wear Agreement (GFA) kubume benkcubeko baseMntla Ireland, umntu kufuneka aqale aqonde ukunqandwa okwakukho ngaphambi konyaka ka-1998. IiMbane, ezithabatha iminyaka engamashumi amathathu, ngokusisiseko zaziyimfazwe emalunga nokuzichaza kwesizwe kunye nokulawula urhulumente. Kule meko, intetho yesithethe yayinqabile ukuba ingathathi cala. Iflegi, ulwimi, ingoma, okanye umboniso yayiyintetho yezopolitiko. Indawo yoluntu yayidityaniswa kakhulu, kwaye imibhiyo yayisoloko inyanzelwa yimeko-bume kunye nokhuseleko lwamaqela.

IParades, ingakumbi ezo ze-Orange Order ikhumbula iDade of the Boyne, zazingeyomibhiyozo nje yenkcubeko; zaziyimibhiyozo yesizwe. IKhomishini yeParades yamiselwa kakuhle ngo-1998 ngenxa yokuba ezi ziganeko zazizizo zogonyamelo. Ngokufanayo, iziganeko zolwimi lwase-Ireland, ezifana neFleaghh Cheool na hÉirean, zazisoloko zijongwa ngokukrokrazwa ngabantu abahlala phantsi kwengqiyo, kunye nelizwe. IMithendelelo yayiyimibutho emincinane, kwaye ibonakalisa i-Irish i-odenti yenkqu yaye ixhasa izithethe zenkcubeko.

Isivumelwano Esilungileyo NgoLwesihlanu: ISicwangciso Sesithethe Soxolo

Ityikitywe ngomhla we-10 ku-Epreli 1998, i-Good Wesihlanu (okanye i-Belfast Revention) yaziwa kakhulu ngamaziko ayo ezobupolitika: iNdibano yasemntla Ireland, iBhunga loBulungiseleli basemntla-mbindini, neBhunga laseBritani-Irish. Noko ke, eyona mpembelelo yayo ihlala ihleli isenokuba yimeko engokwesithethe eyayikhuthazayo. Isivumelwano saqonda ngokucacileyo ukuba umntu uyakwazi ukuzazi kakuhle eNyakatho Ireland. Sawuchaza umgaqo wexabiso [[FLT:], siqinisekisa ukuba ilungelo lokugcina igama leBritane nelesi-Ireland lifanelekile ngokulinganayo. Oku kuqwalaselwa kulula kwakungutshintsho olunenkcithayo.

Isivumelwano sanika izivumelwano zokuphakamisa intetho yezandla "iFLT] unyuselo lolwimi lwase-Ireland [[FLT: 1] (i-Urster-Scots) kunye ne-Profethi. Oku kwakungeyonto engabonakaliyo. Yakhokelela ekudalweni kweziqu ezingundoqo ezimbini ezinqamlezayo kwi-frentshi-msty-line Languages kuMntla-Southern Body: [[Folt:] [[FULD]]]...as nana Gaillegegege [[ [iiiindawo yokuxhasa iilwimi] kunye nezithethe zombini, [FLT] iUlty-Scots Arhenters [ [iT] [iiinqanawa i-Urd-Scoch] [iced-Scoch]). Aba banikwe imali kunye nemiyalelo ekhethekileyo ukuze bakhuliswe, zombini lwamanywa kwimo loshishino lwenk, ukuhambelanazo lwenkculo, kunye nokukhul.

Ukufuzisela Ixabiso

Ingcamango yokuxabiseka yadlulela ngaphaya kolwimi. Yadala ukulindela kwentlalo ukuba zombini izithethe zibonakale zize zibhiyozelwe kubomi babantu bonke. Oku kwabangela ukhuphiswano kodwa ekugqibeleni kwanempembelelo. Ukuba isithethe sase-Ireland sasinetheko elikhulu, impucuko yokumanyanisa yayifuna enye. Olu khuphiswano lukhuthaza ukuvela kwezinto ezintsha. Amabhunga asekuhlaleni, ngaphambili aye akhuselwa kwezopolitiko zobunye, aqala ukuxhasa iziganeko ezivela kuzo zombini izithethe. IBhunga lesiXeko, umzekelo, ngoku lixhasa ngenkuthalo iSt Patrick’s Day neTwelfth kaJulayi, ecaleni kweziganeko ze-1976. Olu manyano luyilityelelo lweziko olukhoyo luyindawo ekusungulwe kuyo ikhalenda yale mihla.

Ukunyuka kwezithuba ezabelweneyo: Imithendeleko enqamlezayo

Enye yezona ziphumo zibonakalayo zenkqubo yoxolo yayikukudalwa kwemithendeleko eyenziwe ngokucacileyo ukuze kwakhiwe iibhulorho. Féile iPhobail (UMthendeleko weCommunity) eNtshona Belfast ngumzekelo obalaseleyo. Isiqalo sonyaka ka1988 njengombutho woluntu ngexesha lobude beziNqabuko, itshintshe yaba yiyo enye yemibhiyo yemibhiyo emikhulu yobugcisa eYurophu. i Post-GFA, yandisa ngamandla inkqubo yayo ukuze iquke amabharthe, amakroba, amaBritane, nabazobi beencwadi zamazwe ngamazwe. Yaba ngumzekelo wendlela umbhiyo wesithethe ozinzo owenwe wahlulwa ngayo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yiyo.

Ngokufanayo, iBelfast International Arts Festival (BHAF), enemvelaphi yayo kwiYunivesithi yeQueen's, iye yaba sisiganeko semfazwe yehlabathi esenzeka kwiklasi ye-atre, umdaniso, kwaye ingxoxo. Izisa abaphulaphuli ukusuka kuzo zonke iindawo kumbindi wesixeko, isithuba esashiywa kakhulu emva koloyiko. Impumelelo yesixeko ibonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuma kwesiqhelo kwePostry-licy. Uphuhliso lweCathedral Cathe Cathernal, ekhaya kwi MAC (Metroptal Arts Center) kunye ne-Thentatre, ngumfanekiso wenkqums, yindawo kunye nenkcubeko yale.

Isixeko Sezithethe Esona Sikhulu

Ukukhethwa kweDerry~Londonderry njengesiqalo se-UK. Inkqubo yemikhosi yatshintsha uqoqosho lwesixeko nomfanekiso waso wezizwe ngezizwe. Isixeko esasiyindawo yokubulawa kweBloody Sunday ngo1971, kwaye ekwathi kwathwaxwa kakhulu ngexesha leengxaki, yakhethwa ukumela eyona ndawo ingcono yempucuko ye-UK. Inkqubo yonyaka-waka yemibhiyozo yaguqula uqoqosho lwesixeko kunye nomfanekiso waso wezizwe ngezizwe. Iziganeko ezifana nomboniso we-Turner Priower nonomathotholo 1 Big hond zatsala amashumi amawaka abakhenkethi. Impumelelo ka-2013 yangqina ukuba impucuko inokuba sisixhobo esinamandla sokuphinda inkqubela yezoqoqosho nomanyano. Yakhuthaza ukurhoxilonga kwezoshishino lwezoshishino kunyaka wonke i-Ireland.

Ukuvuselelwa Kolwimi LwaseIreland Nezithethe: Igalelo Elitsha

IGFA yanika ulwimi lwesi-Ireland isikhundla esisemthethweni nesezobupolitika eyayingazange isomelele kuMntla Ireland. UForas naGaeilge wampompa imali kwimibutho yoluntu, kwizikolo zasehlotyeni, nakwimisitho. Umphumo ube kukudumba kweziganeko zolwimi lwesi-Ireland ezitsala izikhalazo zomthonyama kunye nabantu abatsha abanomdla.

Imini kaPatrick: A Global and Local Show Case

I-St. Patrick’s Day eBelfast isuka kwizinto ezincinci ezibangela i-oksinja, ezixhaswe ngorhwebo, iimini ezininzi ze carnival ezitsala izihlwele ezingaphezu kwekhulu elinamashumi amahlanu. Sisiganeko esikhulu kwisekethi yoSuku lwehlabathi lonke lweSt.Patrick. Lo mboniso ubonakalisa umahluko okhoyo kwisithethe sase-Ireland, kuquka abadansi bedragon, amabhanti, kunye nezikolo ezidityani, ecaleni komculo nomngqungqo. Ingundawo ekhuselekileyo, ebonisa iinguqu-intlobo-ntlobo ze-Nyakathomla Ireland. Ngoxa isekelwe kwisithethe sase-GFA.

I-Fleadh Cheool na hÉireann

Xa iFleadh Cheool na hÉireann yabanjwa eDerry ngo2022, yayingukuqala kwimbali yayo yeminyaka engama-71 ukuba umthendeleko unqamle umda uye kuMntla Ireland. Esi siganeko saba yimpumelelo enkulu, itsala iindwendwe ezingama-600,000 kwaye ifaka i-MF30 yezigidi kwizoqoqosho zasekuhlaleni. Isigqibo sokufumana iFleth eDerry sabekwa kwisithembiso sikaGFA somda ongenamgxube-mphini nolwalamano oluqhelekileyo lonqamlezo-combu-. Saba ngumqondiso onamandla wendlela ekude ekude kwe-Inter Ireland efike ngayo.

Isithethe Somanyano: Ukusuka ekululameni ukusa kwimibhiyozo

Uhambo lwemisitho yesithethe neyobunyani emva kweGFA luntsonkothile. Inkqubo yoxolo yanyanzelisa uluntu olumanyeneyo ukuba luchaze impucuko yalo ngaphandle nje kokuba yi-"Irish" okanye ingxelo yezopolitiko yokunyaniseka kwiSithsaba.

Ithamsanqa LikaJulayi: Isithethe Esihlaziyayo

ITwelfth kaJulayi isala sisona siganeko sikhulu sonyaka eMntla Ireland. Kwixesha lasemva kwe-GFA, i-Orange Order yenze imigudu ebalulekileyo yokulungisa kwakhona umboniso njengeziganeko zenkcubeko yentsapho ezivulekele uluntu ngokubanzi. Nangona iimpikiswano ziqhubeka, isikali sesehlo asinakuphikwa. Sibandakanya amawaka amabhanti kunye nabahambi abanqumla iindawo ezininzi. Uphando lwezoqoqosho lubonisa ukuba ingeniso ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni. I-atmosfera edolfast, ingakumbi eBelfast, iphucule, kunye nesiganeko esibonwa ngokuba ngumtsalano wabakhenkene kunokuba sisisongelo.

Iinguqu Zeziqhulo Ezisezindlini Eziphezulu

I-Arhente ye- engaphezulu-Scots yamiselwa ngothumo lokukhuthaza ilifa, ulwimi, nenkcubeko yeUlster-Scots. Ixhase iitheko zomculo, iinkcazo, kunye neziganeko zembali. Ngelixesha ulwimi ngokwalo luhlala lungathethwa kakhulu kune-Irish, iziganeko zenkcubeko ezilungqongileyo zikhule. I-Ulster-Scottentice Mips of Derrys kwaye izikhumbuzo zeSiege of Derry ngoku zipakishwe ngemikhondo yelifa lemveli kunye namaziko abakhenkene. Le misitho ivumela abantu ukuba baxele ibali labo ngenkcuba yabo nangendlela yabo yokuzingcamla uxolo.

IMithendeleko yoBuGcisa baseMpuma

I- iMpuma-Mpuma uMthendeleko wobugcisa libali lempumelelo elifumileyo eMpuma Belfast. Likwingingqi edibeneyo yokudibanisa, lo mthendeleko wakha inkulu yasekuhlaleni elandela ngokuqwalasela ilifa elityebileyo lommandla, kuquka unxulumano lwengingqi no-C.S.Lewies kunye ne-Titanic. Ngumthendeleko oyamkela wonke umntu, ukubonisa umculo wasekuhlaleni, ukutya, kunye nobugcisa. Ingqina ukuba ukuthembeka kwenkcubeko akufuni kubandakanya izithethe.

ICosmopolitan Shift: Unqulo Oluninzi Nezithethe Ezitsha

Njengoko iNorthern Ireland yayisiba yindawo yokuhlala ezinzileyo nenomtsalane, yafuduka okokuqala kwimbali yale mihla.

IBelfast Mela Nangaphaya Kwayo

I- iBelfast Mela, elungiselelwe ngu-ArtsEkta, ngoku yenye yemithendeleko emikhulu yezithethe kwisiqithi sase-Ireland. Ibhiyozela umculo, umdanso, nokutya kwezizwe ezininzi ngoku ezihlala kuMntla Ireland. Ingxolo, isiganeko esinemibalabala esiquka ingcamango "ingingqi". Ithe yaba sisiqalo sodweliso lwenkqubo yehlobo kwaye ithatyathwa yindawo ebanzi enqamleza abantu basekuhlaleni. Ngokufanayo, iDiwalili kwiUlster Museum, iziganeko zonyaka omtsha, kunye ne-Brazilibralval zizinto eziqhelekileyo zenkcubeko.

Ikratshi Nenkululeko Yabantu

I-Ireland yasemntla yayiyinxenye yokugqibela ye-UK okanye i-Ireland ukuba ibhalise ngokomthetho umtshato ongokwasemzimbeni, ekugqibeleni usenza oko ngo-2020. Ikratshi elikhawulezayo [ ibingumandla aqhubela phambili kolu tshintsho lwentlalo. Oko kwakukhe kwaba luhambo oluncinci, oluphikiswayo ngoku kulolona lukhulu kwisixeko, lutsala abathathi-nxaxheba abangamawaka abathathi-khulu. Ikratshi ngumbhiyo onamandla obhiyo lwe LBTQ+ uphawu. Bekungenakuba yinto yokuzingela kulo mlinganiselo ngaphandle kokhuseleko, imekobume engakhuphiliyo elungiselelwe yiGFA. Ibonisa ukuba inkqubo yoxolo ngoku ibangele igumbi loluntu lokuhlala nolwamdlalo oluphakathi ukuba luchukutyeke kwisithethe sobuhlanga nomanyano.

Ucelomngeni Lwangoku: Uxolo Olungalawulekiyo Lwahlukana

Nangona iSivumelwano esiBanzi sangoLwesihlanu siye sayikhuthaza kakhulu imibhiyozo, kodwa kudala kusekho iingxaki.

Ilifa LeBreet

I-Breexit iphakamise olona celomngeni lubalulekileyo kwintsebenziswano yenkcubeko ephakathi komda wesithethe ekhuthazwa yi-GFA. Ukuhamba kwe-UK ukusuka kwi-EU kwadala ukungaqiniseki ngqungquthela xhasa ngemali (olunye imisitho ye-NII ifumene inkxaso yoxolo lwe-EU), umbutho wabazobi, kunye norhwebo ngeempahla zenkcubeko. [ i-Nowe-RLAND Protocolty [[FLT] i-1] yenza umdaba wangaphakathi we-UK kulwandle lwase-Irland, ufaka ubunzima kwimisebenzi yokuhlola imveliso evela eBritane. Ngexesha i-WindsoFreme ithetha ngezi ngxaki, ukungazinziswa kwenteko-mfolo. Imisitho yokujikeleza kwe-ondo ejikeleza e-Dublin, i-Frast, kunye ne-London ngoku ixabisa kakhulu.

Ukungavumelani Kwamahlelo Neengcinezelo

Ihlelo alikapheli. Eminye imibhiyozo yesithethe enye isajongwa ngokuzigxina okanye ukuzukisa ugonyamelo lwembali. IKhomishini isekhokele ukuhamba okulwayo. Ngaphezu koko, imodeli yezoqoqosho yemithendeleko inzima. Uninzi luxhomekeke kwiBhunga lobugcisa elifutshane eliphuma kwiBhunga loMntla----Ireland okanye kumabhunga asekuhlaleni. Le mithendeleko isoloko ithe tyaba okanye incipha. Kukho uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lokurhweba nokutsala ukuxhasa, maxa wambi okungatyhalela imibhiyozo kude nemizi yayo ekhuselekileyo, imimiselo engakumbi "umsinga". Umngcipheko yile ikhutshwa, iphulukana amandla aqinileyo, athembekileyo awenziwa kwindawo yokuqala.

Impikiswano Ngokubhekisele Kumsebenzi Wokuhlala Wenkcubeko

Njengokuba imithendeleko isiba yeyongezelelo, iingxoxo ezimayela nobunikazi benkcubeko kunye nobunyani. Umzekelo, njengoko uSuku lukaPatrick luba luthe lwanda lwezorhwebo nolokungquzulana, abanye abaxhasi besithethe bayaxhalatyiswa kukuphulukana nomphefumlo wabo wase-Ireland. Ngokufanayo, njengokuba iTweenfth kaJulayi izama ukutsala abaphulaphuli abaninzi, iingxoxo zangaphakathi ziyaqhubeka ngendlela yokulinganisa isithethe kunye nokuzinzisa. Ukulawula ezi ngxaki kusisenzo esicebisayo kubaquququzeleli bemi bemi.

Uqukumbela: Isigulo Siyaqhubeka

Isivumelwano seGood Wesihlanu asizange siphele nje kuphela imfazwe yezobupolitika; yavula isithethe sokuzidibanisa. Yaguqula imibhiyozo ukusuka kwimiqondiso yolwahlulo yaba yi-injini yolwando lwezoqoqosho, intlalo kunye negama lezizwe ngezizwe. Ukusuka kumlinganiselo omkhulu weFleath Cheool eDerry ukuya kumoya woluntu wasekuhlaleni woMthendeleko weMpuma , ukusuka ekufikeni kwe-Belfast International Arts uMthendeleko ukuya kuMthendeleko ongundoqo wokuziqhamisa, ikhalenda yenkcubeko yaseNorthern Ireland kwinkulungwane yama-21 iyi-temtheko engqingqimba ephilayo yenkqubo yoxolo.

Imingeni yiyo ngokwenene ```Brexit, inkxaso-mali, kunye noogxa baba namahlelo' ihleli/kodwa isipoko sicacile. I-GFA yenza isiseko apho ukuchazwa kwenkcubeko kunokuboniswa ngaphandle kogonyamelo. Yavumela ukuba kubekho ukhuphiswano, ubugcwabala, kwaye isebenzisane ngakumbi nendawo kawonke-wonke. Njengoko i-Northern Ireland ihlola ikamva layo elingaqiniseki, imibhiyozo yayo yenkcubeko ifana nezibane zokufezwa: ibutho elifunda ukubhiyo ukubhiyozela iingxabano zalo kunye.