Ubungqina Bobuqhophololo Nobungakanani Babo

Intelekelelo ye-CUBIC ibandakanya iindlela ezininzi eziquka abantu abathatha inxaxheba kubomi babantu, ukubumba uluntu, nokuphembelela ukwenza izigqibo zezobupolitika. Esona sizathu sazo, ibandakanya imisebenzi abemi abavakalisa ngayo izilangazelelo zabo, imilinganiselo, kunye nenkxalabo, kwaye igcina amaqumrhu karhulumente ebeke ityala. Nangona ukuvota kulolona hlobo lubonakalayo, ukubhalisa kubandakanya ukunikela ngokuzithandela, ukulungiselela ibutho, ukuya kwiintlanganiso zikawonke wonke, ukunxibelelana namagosa akhethiweyo, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimibhiyongwa okanye kwimibhiyongwa okanye kwimibutho yemibhiyo.

Abaphengululi abanjengoSidney Verba kunye nabo basebenza kunye nabo baye bamisela ukubopha isombutho phakathi kwemodeli ye- yevolution voluntarism , ebalaselisa ubuncwane (ixesha, imali, ubuchule), ii-intanethi, kunye nokubotshwa kwengqondo njengabaqhubi abaphambili abathabatha inxaxheba. Lo mzekelo ugxininisa ukuba ukuganana akusasazwa ngokulinganayo; abo banemfundo ephezulu nengeniso badla ngokuthatha inxaxheba ngakumbi, nto leyo enokuphumela kwiziphumo zemfuno-mphumo yemfuno. Ukuqonda ezi mandla kubalulekile kubafundisi, abafundi, kunye nabenzi benkqubo abafuna ukwakha ulawulo-demokhrasi olupheleleyo.

Ukuganana kwe-CPUC kukwaquka imisebenzi eyomeleza ikomkhulu lentlalo-ntle neyomeleza ukuthembana. Xa abemi bemanyene, kumaqela oonontlalo-ntle, okanye kumaqela oonontlalo-ntle, bakha ubuchule kunye nolwalamano oluchitheka kwinxaxheba kwezobupolitika. Oku kubandakanya ukumanyana kwentlalo kunye nezopolitiko kubumba isiseko solawulo olusempilweni, olunentsebenziswano.

Ukubaluleka Kokwenza Imali Ngedemokhrasi

Ukuganana okusebenzayo kwezentlalo akuyonjongo yedemokhrasi nje; kuneziphumo ezingenakulinganiswa kwindlela esungulwe, ephunyezwe ngayo, nevavanywa ngayo. Ezi zizizathu ezininzi ezingundoqo zokuba ukuba nenxaxheba kummi kubaluleke:

Ukuqhuba Iinkqubo Zedemokhrasi nomelo

Xa abemi bethathe inxaxheba, uludwe olubanzi lwezimvo lungena kwibala lemidlalo yezobupolitika. "njengemibutho ephantsi efunyenweyo", i-volution encinane, kunye nabantu abaselula" ngokufuthi bajongene nemiqobo yesakhiwo ukuphembelela. Ukubotshwa kweCIP kunika aba bantu imijelo yokuva, ukwenza izigqibo zenkqubo ezingakumbi ezimela iimfuno zokwenene zabemi. Idemokhrasi engakwaziyo ukubandakanya abemi bayo iziphumo eziyingozi zokuba yigumbi lentlokoma.

Ukuzakhela Izigqibo Zemigaqo - siseko Eziphumelelayo

Abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo abanalwazi olugqibeleleyo malunga nempembelelo yokwenene yemithetho ecetyisiweyo. Ukudibana kweBhunga, ngamaxesha okuva abantu, nangamathuba okuphendula, nohlolo loluntu, kunika inkxaso-mali epheleleyo, ugcino-lwazi lomgangatho womhlaba. Umzekelo, xa isixeko siceba iprojekthi entsha yokuthutha, igalelo elivela kubemi malunga neepatroli zeenqwelo-mafutha kunye nokufikelela kolwazi lungakhokelela kwimimiselo engcono enceda bonke abasebenzisi. Le nkcazelo inciphisa amathuba okuphambuka okubiza imali eninzi kunye nokwandisa inkqubo.

Ukubekwa kwetyala kukarhulumente okwandayo

Abemi abatsha bayasebenza njengeenja ezigadileyo. Xa besiya kwiintlanganiso zequmrhu lesikolo, bejonga iintlanganiso zoqingqo-mali, okanye besebenzisa inkululeko yezicelo zolwazi, banyanzela amagosa ukuba enze ngendlela efanelekileyo nangempumelelo. Ukubakho nje kwenkcubeko yabantu abakhutheleyo kunokuthintela ukonakala nokukhuthaza ukwenza izigqibo ezicace gca. Ngaphandle kokungakhathaleli, amaziko kawonke-wonke anokuphambukela kwihambo yokuzilungisa kunokuba asebenzise umdla woluntu.

Ukwakha Umanyano Lobudlelane Nembopheleleko Yabanye

Ubandakanyeko lweCBIC lwenza okungaphezulu kunenkqubo yokubumba-ukulwa. kuyakha uluntu. Ukusebenza kunye kucoceko lwengingqi, ukuvota, okanye i-arhenteum yasekuhlaleni yenza amaqhina okuthembana nokusebenza ngokumanyeneyo. La maqhina enza uluntu lukwazi ukumelana ngakumbi namanqam kwaye lukwazi ngakumbi ukusingatha iingxaki ezahlulwe ngaphandle kokuthembela kungenelelo lukarhulumente kuphela. Ikomkhulu lentlalo, njengoko uRobert Putnam ephikisa ngokudumileyo, lulungile kuwonke-wonke okunyusa ulawulo kunye nomgangatho wobomi.

Iintlobo Zobandakanyeko Lomsebenzi: Ukusuka Kwisithethe Ukuya Kumanani

Ukuganana nge-pic kuthatha iindlela ezininzi, nganye inegalelo ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwinkqubo. Oku kulandelayo ziindidi eziphambili, kunye nemizekelo kunye nenkqubela-phambili yangoku.

Ukuncedisa Nokuthabatha Inxaxheba

Ukuncoma kuseyeyona ndlela ithe ngqo yokuba abemi baphembelele abalawuli kwaye, ngokongeza, oko kufunwayo. Noko ke, ukujika kuyahluka-hluka kakhulu kwiindawo zabemi neendawo zomhlaba. Imigudu efana nokuvota okuzenzekelayo, ukuvota kwasekuqaleni, kunye neeposi .i-glasi ezikhoyo ziboniselwe ukwandisa inxaxheba, ingakumbi phakathi kwamaqela aphantsi kwembali. Impembelelo yokuvota kwiziphumo zenkqubo ichazwe kakuhle: ukurhoxa okuphezulu kuvelisa imigaqo yentlalo eqhubekayo kunye norhwebo oluthe kratya kwizinto zikawonke wonke.

Ukuqhatha Nokuzifica

Ukukhuthaza ukukhuthaza uluntu kubandakanya imigudu ecwangcisiweyo yokuphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke kunye neenkqubo zemithetho. Ii- Grassroot ezibhenela kwi-"indawo apho abemi abaqhelekileyo banxibelelana nabenzi bomthetho, bacwangcise i-leta yamaphulo okubhala, okanye baqhube iintlanganiso zentlanganiso-mbutho ```````Iintlanganiso''''') zinamandla njengentsebenziswano yobugcisa xa ziqokelela amanani amakhulu abantu. Impikiswano ibandakanya amaqela adityaniswe njengeeeeans Against Drunk Drink okanye iinkqubo zemozulu ezichatshane ngempumelelo zityhintlukwano ezinkulu zemithetho yomthetho ngokudibanisa uphando ne-mediavy.

Inkonzo Yasekuhlaleni Nokuzithandela

Ukusebenza ngokuzithandela kwimibutho engavuzi ngeniso, kwiibhanki zokutya, kwiinkqubo zokulungisa ukubhalwa kwemfundo, okanye kwiiprojekthi zokulungisa indalo kuxubusha ngeemfuno ezikhawulezileyo zoluntu kwaye kukhuthaza ukufezekisa imbopheleleko yezentlalo. Nangona kungezopolitiko, loo nkonzo ibangela ukuba kubekho izibonelelo zezentlalo ezithe xhaxhe kwezobupolitika. Uphando oluninzi lubonisa ukuba amatsha - ntliziyo anokuvota, anikele kumaphulo, okanye asebenze ngokwawo.

Iintlanganiso Zasesidlangalaleni Neenkqubo

Ukuya kwiiholo zedolophu, ukuva iindlebe, okanye iintlanganiso zebhodi yesikolo kunika abemi ilizwi elingqalileyo kwizigqibo zasekuhlaleni. Iinkqubo ezicwangcisiweyo ezifana nezokwephula umthetho kwabemi, uqingqo-mali olunokwahlukana, okanye iisampuli ezingaqhelekanga zabemi ukuva ngemibandela nokuphuhlisa imigaqo-nkqubo. Ezi ndlela zinokuvelisa ulwazi, iziphumo ezithe qho ziveliswe zikho ezithe zaphuculwa kakhulu kwaye zifanelekile kunezigqibo eziphambili.

Ubandakanyeko lweCubic lwaMamanani

I-Intanethi ivule amathuba abalaseleyo okuganana. Amaphulo onxibelelwano, amaphulo onxibelelwano, iinkqubo zokusebenza kwezentlalo-ntle, kunye neeplatfomu ezifana notshintsho.org okanye ezibalwayo zivumela abemi ukuba bathathe inxaxheba naphi na. Izixhobo zamanani zikwanceda ukuhlanganisa ngokukhawuleza, njengokuba kubonwa ngokuqhankqalaza okufana noMatshi okanye # BrackLives Matter. Noko ke, ukubhalisa amanani kusenokuba kukungachaphazeli kakuhle okanye ukuphembelela; ukunqakraza akusoloko kuguqulela kwisenzo esiqhubekayo. Sekunjalo, xa kudityaniswe nokucwangcisa amanani amaziko amaqela akhuthaza amaqumrhu noomatilo amaqela eenkqubo ombane.

Ulwalamano Phakathi Kobandakanyeko Lomthetho Nomgaqo-nkqubo

Uphando lusoloko lufumana unxulumano olufanelekileyo phakathi kwemigangatho yokuganana kwebutho labantu neziphumo ezibonisa izinto ezithandwa nguluntu.

IiNkcukacha eziNcinane

Xa abemi belungelelanisa imbambano ngezantsi kwemeko-"efana nokuhlaziywa kwamapolisa, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwezonyango ``banyanzelisa abenzi bezomthetho ukuba banikele ingqalelo. Umzekelo, ingxaki ye-opioid yabona amaqela afuna i-odooksi anyanzelisa imithetho engqongqo yonyango, efikelela kwiziphumo zomgangatho wezibonelelo zemali nemali yesizwe. Abemi abathathi-nxaxheba abathathi nje nxaxheba kwinkqubo; bacwangcisa ucwangciso.

Ukusetyenziswa kolawulo

Nasemva kokumiswa komthetho, impumelelo yawo ixhomekeke kwindlela ekwenziwa ngayo. Ukubandakanyeka kwabemi kwiikomiti zovelela, kumagqabaza, okanye kwiinkqubo zokubukela asekuhlaleni kungaqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zenkqubo ziqhutywa ngendlela efunwa ngayo. Ngokomzekelo, imibutho esekelwe ekuhlaleni isoloko iqwalasela iinkqubo zesikolo zesidlo sasemini ukuqinisekisa ukuba imilinganiselo yokondleka iyaphunyezwa, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono zempilo yabantwana.

Ukukhuthaza Utshintsho Entlalweni Notshintsho Olungokwasemthethweni

Imibutho yentlalo ebanzi `i-civil malungelo, i-LGBTQ+ amalungelo, ubulungisa bokusingqongileyo qhatha indlela exhaswe ngokuzinzileyo yokuzibophelela kwezentlalo-ntle ekhoyo nenkqubo esemthethweni. Imovement yamaLungelo yangaphakathi yee-1950. I-Populan Rights of the 8860s isebenzisa ii-flycotts, amagxalasi, amatsha, amatshatsha, kunye nokukhutshwa kwetyala ukuphelisa amalungelo okuvota. Imibutho enjalo ayiqhubeki ngesiquphe; kufuneka ilungelelanise, isakhiwo, kunye nezenzo zobuchule.

Umzekelo ophawulekayo nguxanduva lokubhalisa [[FLT: 0] inkqubo yoqingqo-mali yokwabelana ngoovulindlela ePorto Alegre, eBrazil, apho abemi bakhetha ngqo indlela yokunikezela inxalenye yoqingqo-mali lukamasipala. Uhlolisiso lubonisa ukuba oku kubophelela kwakhokelela ekunyuseni ukusetyenziswa kwemali kucoceko, imfundo, kunye nekliniki-mpilo, ingakumbi kummandla ophantsi wemali.

Izithintelo Zokubandakanyeka Kwisityalo Somsebenzi: Ucelomngeni Oluninzi

Nangona ziluncedo, abemi abaninzi abafuni ukwenza izixa-mali. Imiqobo intsonkothile yaye inxulumene, ingena kwiindidi eziliqela:

Ukungabikho Kolwazi Nobuchule

Abantu abaninzi abazazi iindima zamagosa asekuhlaleni, indlela yokuqhagamshelana nawo, okanye imigaqo eqwalaselwayo. Lo msantsa wolwazi uxhaphakile ngokukodwa kubantu abaselula nakwabo bangafundanga kangako. Izikolo azisoloko zingakwazi ukufundisa ibutho labantu ngendlela esebenzisekayo, zibandakanyeke, zishiye abaphumeleleyo bengakulungelanga ukuba nenxaxheba. Ngaphandle kokufunda inkcubeko, abemi abanako ukuxhasa izilangazelelo zabo.

Izithintelo zofikeleleko nezibonelelo

Umgama ophathekayo, iindleko zezithuthi, ucwangciso lomsebenzi, nokungabi namali yokufumana i-intanethi ephazamisayo. Iintlanganiso zoluntu zidla ngokuqhutywa ngexesha lomsebenzi phakathi kweveki, ngaphandle kwaleyo inemisebenzi enzima. Iinkonzo ezifana nokuguqulela okanye indawo ezinokufumaneka kwisitulo esinamavili zisenokuba zilahlekile. Ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho okuququzelela le miba: abemi abangamahlwempu abanaxesha lininzi nemali yokunikela kwimisebenzi yoluntu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba bathathe ingeniso entle.

Ukudimazeka Nokungathembani

Ukungaqiniseki okunzulu ngamaziko karhulumente kudibanise ukuganana. Ukungaqiniseki, izithembiso eziphulukileyo, nokungasabeli okujongwa njengokungathobeli kukhokelela kukholo lwabemi ukuba bakholelwe ukuba banenxaxheba. Ukuncipha kokuthemba urhulumente kwiidemokhrasi ezininzi kungqinelwa kakuhle. Oku kudideka kukuzidida: xa abantu beyeka ukuba nenxaxheba, urhulumente uyaphelelwa, uyaqhubeka ephelelwa kukuthemba.

Ukwakhiwa nokupheliswa kwenkqubo

Ukungalingani okungokwembali okusekelwe kuhlanga, ubufanasini, udidi, kunye nokufuduka kuphinde kwaveliswa kumaqumrhu esizwe. Imithetho ye-Voter ID, ukudityaniswa kwemiqobo, okanye imiqobo yolwimi ecwangcisiweyo ishiya amaqela athile. Kwanaphakathi kweenkqubo zokudityaniswa, amazwi aphezulu adla ngokulawula. Ngaphandle kwemilinganiselo yokufakwa kwamalungu, ukubotshwa kwamaqela esizwe kungaqinisa ukungalungelelani okukhoyo kunokuba kulungiswe.

Ubuchule Bokwandisa Ubungqina Besithuthi

Ukuze woyise le miqobo kufuneka ulungelelanise imfundo, ubugcisa, ukuphucula imizi - mveliso kunye neengca.

Utshintsho Kwimfundo Esemthethweni

Izikolo kufuneka zidlulele ngaphaya kwemfundo esekelwe kwizifundo zoluntu ukuze zivelise: ukulungiselela unyulo, uphando lwentelekelelo, okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kurhulumente wabafundi. Iinkqubo ezifana ne- “Kids Voting USA” kunye ne-“iCbivips” zibonise impumelelo ekukheni imikhwa yokuvota nokusebenza ngokuzithandela. Imfundo yabantu abadala, enikelwa kumathala eencwadi okanye kwiikholeji, ikwanokuvala imisantsa yolwazi.

Ikwandisa iiPlatforms eziFikelelekayo

Ubugcisa bungathoba imiqobo ekugananeni ukuba yenziwe ngokusuka kwiqela. Ii-operals ezivumela ukugqabaza ngokuhamba-hamba, izikhumbuzo ezizenzekelayo malunga neentlanganiso zasekuhlaleni, kunye nezixhobo zokuguqulela zingandisa inxaxheba. Izixeko ezifana ne Madrid zisebenzise i- “Decide Madrid” platifomu ukuvumela abemi bafumane ingcebiso kunye nokuvota kwiingcamango. Noko ke, izixhobo zamanani kufuneka zifakelele, hayi ukubuyisela i-(ingayaperson (ukubhalisa ngohlobo), ingakumbi kwabo abangenayo i-intanethi ethembekileyo.

Iintlawulo ezizizo

Oorhulumente banokumisela izibopho zoluntu ngokumisela iziqu ezinjengeendibano zabemi, amabhunga asekuhlaleni, kunye namaqumrhu ajongene nawo. Xa abemi benesigqibo sokwenyaniso sokwenza igunya, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwanda yaye iinkqubo ziyasabela. INdibano ye-Ontario Citizens kwiElectoral Reformation (2006) neNdibano ye-Ireland ithetha ngokuqhomfa (206) zabonisa ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo banokuhlangabezana neengxaki ezintsonkothileyo baze bavelise icebiso elinolwanomthetho.

Iphulo elijoliswe ekufikeni nasekusebenziseni izakhiwo

Izakhono zokufumana ingeniso nemibutho yasekuhlaleni zingabandakanya ngokukhutheleyo abantu abangaphantsi kwabemi. Izakhiwo ziquka ukucangca ngeminyango, ukuncedisana neenkokeli zoluntu ezithembekileyo, ukubonelela ngezithuthi okanye iintlanganiso, nokunika inkxaso yokuthatha inxaxheba. Ukwakha ubuchule bolawulo lwamaqela aphantsi kwemigangatho.

Ukunciphisa Izithintelo Zokwakha

Umgaqo-nkqubo utshintsha njengokubhaliswa komvoti ngokuzenzekelayo, ukuvota kwasekuqaleni, ukubhaliswa kosuku oluyi67, kunye nokwandisa iiposi ezithi zisetyenziswe ziboniswe ukuba zandisiwe ekuchongeni. Ngokufanayo, kufuna ukuba kuthethwe iindlebe zikawonke-wonke ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo kwaye ukubonelela ngenkonzo yokukhulisa abantwana okanye yokutolika kunokwenza ukuba inxaxheba ingabi nakuthelekiswa nanto. Urhulumente kufuneka ahlole imithetho echasayo okanye engagcinwanga.

Uhlolisiso Lwemeko Lokubandakanyeka Okuphumelelayo Kwesityalo

Ukuhlolisisa imizekelo yehlabathi yokwenene 76 kusinceda siqonde indlela ukubhalisana kwezentlalo okukhokelela ngayo kwimiphumo ecacileyo.

IQumrhu Lamalungelo Abemi EUnited States

Mhlawumbi owona mzekelo unamandla, iNtlanganiso yamaLungelo eWonkn Amalungelo abantu, edibeneyo engenabundlobongela, ukukhaba, ukuvota, kunye nehlomelo lokurhoxa uJim Corow. Ngowesi- 1963 eWashington, iSelma 31:to 76Montgomey, kunye nokulungiselelwa okuzingisileyo kwamaqela afana neNAACP neSNC kwabangela uxinzelelo lukawonke wonke olungathintelekiyo, okuphumela kumthetho wamaLungelo ka1964 kunye noMthetho wamaLungelo ka-1964 kunye noMthetho we-Voting Regions Act ka-1965. Lo mbutho wabonisa ukuba loo mbutho uxhakathiso, uvunyiweyo, uquluko lungaphinda luthathe isivumelwano soluntu.

Uqingqo-mali olunenxaxheba ePorto Alegre, eBrazil

Ukususela ngowe-1989, isixeko sasePorto Alegre savumela abemi ukuba bagqibe ngokungqalileyo indlela yokusebenzisa inxalenye yoqingqo-mali kamasipala. Ngeendibano zengingqi kunye nezixeko ezikufutshane, abemi abaqhelekileyo bamisela utyalo-mali lwamanzi, ucoselelo lweendawo zokuhlala, nemfundo. Uphando lwezemfundo lufumanisekufumaniseni ukuba le nkqubo itshintshile kwimimandla ehlwempuzekileyo, ukuncitshiswa kwentlawulo lwerhafu, kunye nokuthotywa kwerhafu. Umzekelo udeko luye lwanwela kwizixeko ezingamawaka ehlabathini lonke, ukungqina ukuba ulawulo lwezikhundla lungamele idemokhrasi nempumelelo.

Ukukhuselwa Kwemeko - bume Kumntla - ntshona wePasifiki

Ngonyaka wama-1990 kunye nama- 2000, umnqophiso wezizwe zomthonyama, amaqela emekobume, kunye noluntu lwasekuhlaleni kuMntla-ntshona wePasifiki eUnited States walwa nephulo lokususwa kwelaphu ledabi kwimilambo i-Elwha kunye neKlamath ukubuyisela isantya se-almon. Balungiselela ukuqhankqala, ukumangalela, ukumangalela, ukuqhuba imicimbi yemfundo kawonke wonke, kunye nabenzi bomthetho abaqeshiweyo bemida ekwakheni kwephulweni elikhulu ledamasti e-U.S.

Ubuchule Bokunyamekela Impilo EMassachusetts

Phambi kweAffordble Care Act, iMassachusetts yadlulisela utshintsho olubanzi lwezonyango ngo-2006, imikhosi yezonyango eyayiqhutywa yi-bipartisan eyayiquka abaxhasi bezigulana, izibhedlele, ii-inshorensi, namaqela eeshishini. Isikhokelo sokuphumelela kwayo yayizizixa zokuchotshelwa kwabantu, iingxoxo, kunye nezibhedlele zengca ezakha imvume. Umthetho wanciphisa umlinganiselo ongalawulekiyo ukuba ube ngaphantsi kwe-5% kwaye wasebenza njengomzekelo wokuguqula uluntu. Oku kubonisa indlela ezikhoyo iinkqubo zoluntu ezibonisa ngayo ukuba imigaqo yezo zonke eziquluko ezikhoyo ezinokuyila imigaqo emitsha neyo engomelelayo kwezobupolitika.

Isiphelo: Indlela phambili yokuthabatha inxaxheba

Ukuganana nge-CPU akuyonto iphambili kwidemokhrasi echumileyo . Kuyimfuneko ukulwa nolwamkelo, olunempumelelo. Xa abemi be-vota, abameli, amatsha - ntliziyo, kunye namatshantliziyo, baphucula iziphumo zenkqubo, bomeleza ukuthembeka kwezentlalo ezisisiseko sozinzo lwedemokhrasi. Kodwa ukuthembisana kuhlala kungalingani, kukho imiqobo ebalulekileyo enxulumene nokuqonda, ukufikelela, kunye nokuthemba okumele kulungiswe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo.

Ikamva lokudityaniswa kwesizwe lixhomekeke ekudibaniseni ukuba nenxaxheba ngokwesithethe kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanani, ukuququzelelwa kolawulo olusebenzisanayo, nokuveliswa kwemfundo yezentlalo enika amandla kubo bonke abemi. Abaphathi-nkqubo, abafundisi, neenkokeli zoluntu banesabelo ekubangeleni imekobume apho kunokwenzeka khona kodwa kunyanzelekile. Njengokuba kuboniswa luhlolisiso oluvela kuPorto Alegres ukuya kwi-Civil Rights Movement, xa abantu bengena kubomi babantu bonke, babumba imigaqo elawula ubomi babo