Ukwazisa: Isizathu sokuba uHlaziyo loMgaqo-siseko lufuna ukuba urhulumente asebenze

IMigaqo-siseko yisiseko esiphakamileyo esingokwasemthethweni salo naluphi na uhlanga, sichaza isiseko sorhulumente namalungelo abemi. Kodwa asingomaxwebhu angaguqukiyo; kufuneka alungelelanise neenguqu zemeko yentlalo, iinyaniso zezobupolitika, kunye neengxaki ezivelayo. Urhulumente — oquka uwiso-mthetho, ulawulo, namasebe alawulayo — udlala indima engundoqo, ephicokisekileyo kule nkqubo. Utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko lunzima ngabom ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuguquka kwemiqathango ibonisa ukuphanga nokuhlala kungqinelanano kunokungaphindwa kwemiqathango yezobupolitika. Ukuqonda indlela isebe ngalinye elinegalelo ngayo ekulungiseni umgaqo-siseko kuyimfuneko ekuqondeni ukutshintsha nokufaneleka kwenkqubo yedemokhrasi.

Kwinkoliso yemigangatho emiselwe, indima karhulumente asikokulawula iinguqu ngaphandle kokuzimisela, kodwa ukuziqalisa, ukukulungiselela, nokuziqinisekisa ngeenkqubo ezimiselwe. Ezi nkqubo zahluka kakhulu kwiintlanga kodwa zabelana ngemigaqo efanayo: imiqobo emikhulu, uvavanyo nolungelelwaniso, kwaye ngokufuthi ukwenziwa kwemiqathango yezizwe ngezizwe okanye abantu ngqo. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa umthetho, isigqeba, ikomiti yetyala, kunye neendima ezingacwangciswanga zisebenza ekuguquleni imimiselo, kunye nemizekelo yemifanekiso evela ehlabathini jikelele.

Indima yesiseko sesebe loMthetho ekuhlolweni kohlaziyo

Isebe lowiso-mthetho — enoba liyipalamente, ingqungquthela, okanye ingqungquthela yesizwe — liyinjini ephambili yokuqalisa ukuhlaziywa komgaqo-siseko. Oku kubonisa umgaqo othi abameli abanyulwe, njengelona khonkco lingqalileyo kunyulwa abanyuliweyo, kufuneka babe ngabo bacebisa iinguqu ezisisiseko ezisemthethweni. Le nkqubo idla ngokuqala ngokuqulunqwa komthetho okanye ngokuqulunqwa kwesigqibo esichaza amagama achanileyo enconyelweyo.

Iimfuno Ezibalaseleyo Neenkqubo Zokungathathi Nxamnye

Ukukhusela utshintsho olukhawulezayo okanye olunqumlayo, umgaqo-siseko omninzi ufuna ukuvota okuphezulu kwindlu yowiso-mthetho. Umzekelo, umGaqo-siseko waseUnited States ufuna ukuba abantu ababhinqileyo ababhinqileyo abakwiNdlu yabameli kunye neNdlu yeQela bamisele ukukhupha inguquko. Ngokufanayo, umGaqo-siseko waseIndiya ufuna ukuba amaqela amabini aphindwe kathathu akhoyo kwaye avote kuzo zombini izindlu zePalamente ukwenzela utshintsho. Lo mgaqo-siseko uphezulu ufuna imikhosi edityanisiweyo kunye nesivumelwano sokunqamleza, uqinisekisa ukuba iinguqu ngoncedo olukhulu lwezobupolitika lungaqhubeka.

Iinkqubo ze-Badameral zongeza omnye umaleko: nokuba elinye igumbi livumela izicelo, enye indlu kufuneka iwudlulise ngomdla ophezulu ofanayo. Amanye amazwe, njengeJamani, afuna iivoti ezimbini-ntathu zoobo kwicala leBoundestag kunye neBoundesrat (emela amazwe). Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba izilangazelelo zombini zelizwe kunye nezommandla ziqwalaselwa ekuqaleni.

Umahluko Okhoyo Kwinkqubo

Ngeli xesha indlu yowiso-mthetho iyisona sindululo siqhelekileyo, eminye imimiselo ivumela abanye abadlali ukuba baqalise ukulungisa. Ngokomzekelo, eBrazil, ukubuyiselwa kungacetyiswa ngamalungu amalunga nesithathu endlu, uMongameli, okanye ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sendlu yowiso-mthetho. ESwitzerland, inyathelo eliqhelekileyo linokucebisa ukuphinda kulungiswe ngokupheleleyo komgaqo-siseko ukuba kutyikitywe ngabemi abali-100 000. Noko ke, kwezi meko, isebe lemithetho-siseko lidlala ngokusesikweni ukugcinwa kwesango okanye ukukhutshwa kwendima — ukuvavanywa, ukuva, nokuvota phambi kokuba liqhubeke nokusetyenziswa.

Indima yendlu yowiso-mthetho ayingomgaqo; iyasilela nje. IiKomiti zihlolisisa iinguquko ezicetyisiweyo, ubungqina obungoochule buyaviwa, kwaye kuvele ingxoxo kawonke-wonke. Lo msebenzi wokothula unceda ukusulungekiswa kolwimi kwaye ulindele iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga. Abaphengululi bangaphandle kunye noogxabhabhabhabhabha basoloko benikela uhlalutyo ukukhokela abalawuli. Umzekelo, iNkonzo yophando lwamaBhungane-mali e-U.S. Inkonzo yophando lwamaBhunga-mali ipapashaziswe ngokucothayo, uvimba onokuthi ufikelele kwi-antellimentmentationssss. [[FLT: 0].goverfors.

Indima Yomphathi: Ukusuka Kwisikhundla Esingunozala Ukusa Kukukoyisa

Isebe elilawulayo — ngokuqhelekileyo elingumongameli, okanye intloko - mbali yeli lizwe — lisenokufeza indima ezahlukahlukeneyo ekulungiseni inkqubo yezomGaqo-siseko, kuxhomekeka kwindlela eliyilwe ngayo umGaqo-siseko welizwe.

Usayino lobuMongameli kunye namandla eveto

EUnited States, uMongameli akanandima isemthethweni ekulungiseni okanye ekuyiseni intlawulo yomgaqo-siseko. Noko ke, uMongameli angaphembelela inkqubo ngokusetyenziswa komthetho-siseko kawonke-wonke, amisele imimiselo yemithetho, kwaye asebenzise “iqonga lemithetho.” Ngokuthe ngqo, amanye amazwe afuna umlawuli olawulayo okanye aququzelele ukulungiswa kwesivumelwano emva kokuvunyelwa kwemithetho-siseko somthetho. Umzekelo, eFransi, uMongameli kufuneka aqhube i-antententements edluliswe yiPalamente emva kokuba evunyiwe yi-endendium okanye iBhunga (ilungu elingulo lazo zombini izindlu). Kumazwe athile aseLatin America, umongameli unokukhupha i-mondmentation, kodwa i-convetoirveymaordiod coant.

Ukubiza iSeshoni ekhethekileyo neeReferendendum

Kwinkqubo ezininzi zepalamente, umphathi-mikhosi (urhulumente) angaphembelela inkqubo yokulungisa inkqubo ngokugqiba ukuba kuphi na xa kucelwa ukuba kungenelwe ivoti, okanye ngokubiza intlanganiso ekhethekileyo yepalamente. Okubaluleke kakhulu kukuba, abalawuli basoloko benegunya lokubiza i-arhente-endendum yomgaqo-siseko ngqo. E-Ireland, urhulumente ugqiba kwelokuba agcine i-mententem emva kwesivumelwano sokuzinzisa imposiso sidluliswa zizo zombini izindlu zeOiachtas. E-Australia, uMphathi-mikhosi kunye neCampten wamisa umhla wokumisa i-arhentente-ntermente emva kwemvume yepalamente. Eli gunya eli linegunya linokuchaphazela ukubhaliswa nokunikwa kwemvume yasekuhlaleni, nto leyo enokuphembelela iziphumo.

Eminye imimiselo inika umlawuli olawulayo indima engqalileyo: eMzantsi Afrika, uMongameli angabhekisela kwisivumelwano sokutshintshwa komgaqo-siseko kwiNkundla yezomGaqo-siseko ukwenzela isigqibo ngokubhekiselele kwisigqibo sobugqeba bayo ngaphambi kokuba ayisayine. Le misebenzi yegunya neyomthetho, ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho.

Ulawulo lwejaji: Ukuvavanya umGaqo-siseko ngokungaguqukiyo

Amaqumrhu eejaji, ingakumbi iinkundla eziphakamileyo okanye iinkundla ezikhethekileyo zomgaqo-siseko, ngabaphathi ababalulekileyo benkqubo yokulungisa. Indima yabo asikukukuvala zonke iinguqu kodwa kukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zokulungisa ziyalandelwa nokuba isiseko somgaqo-siseko asichaphazeli siseko ongalungisekiyo — ngokufuthi esibizwa ngokuba “yinkqubo yebhaso-bhaso-bhaso” okanye“ ibinzana lobunyani.”

Impinda eCwangcisiweyo kunye neSisombululo seNkxwaleko

Okokuqala, iinkundla zihlola ukuba amanyathelo agunyazisiweyo owiso-mthetho nolawulo aphunyeziwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaba amavoti abalwa ngokufanelekileyo? Ingaba i-squoreum yayikhona? Ingaba ukulungiswa kwetyala kwadlula kuzo zombini izindlu? EIndiya, iNkundla ePhakamileyo isoloko ihlola ukufaneleka kweprocedential. Umzekelo, kwiNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko weJamani [[FULT:0]] iKavanandabata [[[[FLT]] Bharati] [iiimeko efunekayo], ngexesha iNkusekelele imfundiso esisiseko, ikwabekwa phantsi kwemigangatho ye-procrate yoluement yoluko ye-ands Brendsmes. Ngokukwafanayo, iNkuhlola kweNkundla yezomthetho woMgaqo-omatiso-siseko waseJamani ukuba ngaba iwiso-mayela iwiso-79 yeSizwelo, efuna ukuba kuqumgalelo soMthetho-9 se-3 kwe-siqobo soMthetho osisiseko, efuna uninzi

Imida Esezantsi: Intambo Ebizwa Ngamagama

Ngaphandle komgaqo-nkqubo, iinkundla ezininzi zisebenzisa uhlolo oluncinane — ukufumanisa ukuba ukulungisa kuyazithoba imigaqo esisiseko efana nedemokhrasi, ulawulo lomthetho, isidima somntu, okanye uburhulumente. I-German Sicle Law ivakalisa ngokucacileyo ukuba iziphendu ezichaphazela ulwahlulo lweNkundla ePhakamileyo yeLänder, umgaqo wokuthabatha inxaxheba kwimithetho yeLänder, okanye imigaqo ebekwe kwiMithetho 1 ne-20 (isidima sabantu, idemokhrasi, ulawulo-mthetho-mthetho) awusebenzi. Imfundiso esisiseko yeIndiya, ephuhliswe yiNkundla ePhakamileyo, ikholelwa ukuba iPalamente ayinakuphelisa imiGatho yayo ebalulekileyo, njengokuhlola okulawula, okanye ukulawula i-Riphabliki.

Iinkundla zikwacombulula iingxabano phakathi kwamasebe karhulumente ahlukeneyo ngexesha lolungiso. Umzekelo, ukuba isebe eliphetheyo nendlu yowiso-mthetho ayivumelani nokusebenza kwevoti yokuvota, ijaji ingacelwa ukuba itolike umgaqo-siseko. Le ndima yokuvelela ixhasa ingcamango yokuba utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko asilosenzo sezopolitiko nje kodwa lelomthetho ophezulu, kodwa liphantsi komthetho ophezulu.

Ukufundwa okubhekele phaya kokuhlola ukuhlaziywa komgaqo-siseko, iProjekthi inika uthelekiso lwesiseko sesiseko semithetho yokulungisa nolwaleko.

Ukwenziwa kwemijelo: Umgangatho ophezulu okanye

Xa kuthe kwacetywa ukulungiswa kwemiqobo yowiso-mthetho neyolawulo oluphezulu (nalo naluphi na uhlolo lwezomthetho), kufuneka luvunywe ngamaphondo, amaphondo, okanye ngabantu ngokuthe ngqo. Indima karhulumente ekukhuthuzweni komlungelelanisi nedeko, inokubandakanyeke nempembelelo yezobupolitika.

Imithetho okanye iiNdibano zeRhulumente

Kwinkqubo zikarhulumente, urhulumente osembindini akalungisi zindululo zololongo kuphela; amaqumrhu azwenibanzi anesigqibo esipheleleyo. Phantsi kweGatya V lomGaqo-siseko wase-U.S., iintlawulo kufuneka ziqinisekiswe ziindlu zowiso-mthetho ezintathu (38) zikarhulumente okanye ziindibano kwiindibano ezintathu-sine zamazwe, njengoko iBhunga limisela. Urhulumente — apha, oorhulumente — udlala indima esemgangathweni: ingxoxo yowiso-mthetho nevoti kwi-antelligate. Urhulumente worhulumente akanako ukunyanzelela urhulumente ukuba asebenze i-ravize i-rence; inkqubo ilungele ukuphatha ngokwentelekiso. Ngokufanayo, eMexico, i-andmentations zifuna ukuvunywa ngoninzi lwemithetho-mthetho-mthetho.

Amanye amazwe afuna ukwenziwa ahlulwe yindibano ekhethekileyo kunendlu yowiso-mthetho eqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, umGaqo-siseko wase-Australia ufuna i-asterum (uvoti engqalileyo yabantu) kwiphondo ngalinye, hayi imvume yepalamente nje kuphela. Urhulumente, kumanqanaba orhulumente nawomanyeneyo, ujongene nokucwangcisa i-mende, ukusasaza ulwazi, nokubala. Oku kuguqula amandla athile kurhulumente ukuya kuvoti ngqo.

Izixhobo zesizwe

Kumaphondo adityanisiweyo anjenge-Ireland, iSwitzerland, neDenmark, ukudityaniswa phantse rhoqo kubandakanya isebe lesizwe eliphetheyo. Urhulumente — ngokwesiqhelo isebe eliphetheyo — umisela umhla, unika ubuncwane bemali kumaphulo olwazi lukawonke-wonke, kwaye uqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwevoti. Noko ke, urhulumente unakho ukulwa nephulo elithe tye lokulungisa okanye lokulwa nokulungisa. Abagxeki borhulumente baphikisa ukuba ukungeyonxalenye esemthethweni ye-dentilitistiki ye-a. Umzekelo, urhulumente wase-Ireland wafaka iphulo elinamandla kwi-201818-rendendium ukuze aphinde afumane i-Send Rendel (igh Reconmentment (uragetion) yomthetho), enikela inkxaso enkulu yolwazi olukhoyo. Abagxeki-ncomo-mthetho baphikisa ukuba oko kubandakanywa ngumphulo, kodwa kudla ukubonwa njengenxalenye esemthethweni yengxoxo ye-demodemodemodemodemodemokh.

Imiqobo yonyuso iyahluka: i-Ireland ifuna uninzi olulula lwevoti eziphoswe, ngoxa iDenmark ifuna uninzi lwabavoti kunye nemvume ukusuka ubuncinane kuma-40% onyulo. Le miqobo idibanisa omnye umgaqo wendima karhulumente — ukuqinisekisa ukuba uvoti uhlangabezana nemilinganiselo yokunyaniseka komGaqo-siseko.

Indima Engabhalwanga: Imbambano Yezobupolitika Nokuthabatha Inxaxheba Ewonke - wonke

Ngaphandle kwamanyathelo omgaqo-siseko osemthethweni, indima karhulumente ekutshintsheni umgaqo-siseko ifikelela ekumiseni umnqophiso wezopolitiko nasekubandakanyeni uluntu. Izindululo eziphumelelayo azifane ziphumelele ngaphandle kwenkxaso ebanzi enqamlezileyo, kwaye oorhulumente badla ngokwenza umgudu obalulekileyo ekuthetheni, ekulalaneni, nasekubuzeni kwabantu ngokubanzi.

Ukwakha Imali Nemiqathango Yezobupolitika

Kwinkqubo zepalamente ezimelelwe ngokulinganayo, akukho qela linye elidla ngokulawula isibini-sithathu sobulungiseleli. Urhulumente — okuthetha umbutho olawulayo — kufuneka adibane namaqela alwayo ukukhusela imfuno efunekayo yemiqathango ephezulu. Oku kungabandakanya ukuphuma kwentengiselwano: iqela lingaxhasa ukupheliswa komgaqo-siseko ukutshintshisana ngokuvumelana okanye ngokusemthethweni. E-Belgium, ukupheliswa komgaqo-siseko kufuna uninzi olubini lwezii-3 emagumbini omabini, kwaye linika ukwakhiwa komhlaba, ukurhoxiswa kwemibutho yezobupolitika okusoloko kuphuma kumaqela ahlukeneyo abandakanya urhulumente kunye neentlanganiso ezinkulu zedemo-demokhrasi.

Ukuchotshelwa Kwetyala Kubantu Bonke

Utshintsho lwale mihla lomGaqo-siseko alusoloko lubhalwa emva kweminyango evaliweyo. Oorhulumente badla ngokubeka izityholo zikawonke-wonke, bamema ukuthotyelwa yimibutho yasekuhlaleni, bapapashe ukubuyiselwa kwezicelo ukuze bagqabaze. Noko ke, le ndima yokuzifunela iinguqu iphucula umgangatho wokulungisa. Umzekelo, urhulumente waseMzantsi Afrika ubandakanyeke kakhulu kwibutho labantu ekuqulunqeni umGaqo-siseko ka- 1996, owawungeyokutshintshwa kodwa wawungumgaqo-siseko omtsha. Noko ke, iinkqubo ezifanayo zokulungisa imicimbi zisetyenziswa ekulungiseni imicimbi emikhulu kumazwe anjengeColombia neKenya.

Urhulumente ukwanembopheleleko yokufundisa uluntu ngeenguqu ezicetyiweyo. Kumazwe amaninzi, abalawuli abasemthethweni bayapapashwa, kukhutshwa iingxoxo, yaye izikolo ziquka lo mxholo kwizifundo zesikolo. Le ndima yemfundo ibalulekile xa isigqibo sokulungisa sithe sagqitywa yi-arenteum, njengoko inceda abavoti benze ukhetho olunolwazi.

Imizekelo yembali yeziHlaliso zoMgaqo-siseko oLawulwe nguRhulumente

Ukuhlolisisa amava ehlabathi ngokwenene kubonisa indlela oorhulumente abaye bayisebenzisa ngayo inkqubo yokulungisa — maxa wambi besebenzisa iingcinga ezintle, maxa wambi bexambulisana.

IUnited States: IBhili Yamalungelo Nangaphezulu

Izilungiso zokuqala ezilishumi zomGaqo-siseko wase-U.S. (iBhili yamaLungelo) zacetyiswa yiNgqungquthela yokuqala ngo-1789 yaza yagunyaziswa ngamaphondo ngo1791. Urhulumente — indlu yowiso-mthetho yesizwe esanda kusekwa — wadlala indima ephambili ekuqulunqeni nasekufakeni ezo zigqibo, ezazikukusabela kwi-Anti-Federalist malunga nenkululeko yomntu ngamnye. Umphathi-mpatho (uGeorge Washington) waxhasa umgudu kodwa akazange abe nenxaxheba ngokusesikweni kwisicelo. Oku kwamisela ummiselo wendima karhulumente ethintelwe kwi-antempla, kunye nemithetho yeBhunga-Roverhenter, njengesicelo esiphambili kunye nemithetho-omthetho-mthetho-yokubambaxandulo.

Kamva kwalungiswa, njengokusetyenziswa kwe 13 (ukusetyenziswa kobukhoboka) kunye nokwe-19 (ukupheliswa kwamabhinqa), kwaqhutywa yimibutho yasekuhlaleni kodwa kwafuneka kwenziwe urhulumente: ukudlula kombutho ngemibutho emikhulu, utyikityo lomongameli (nangokuba yayingeyomfuneko ngokwemigaqo-siseko), kunye nokuqhathwa kwesizwe. Indima karhulumente yayikukhuthalele ukukhuthaza ukuxhasa — uMongameli uLincoln walwela i-13, kunye noMongameli uWilson wanyanzela iBhunga le-19.

EIndiya: UMthetho We - 42 Wokwenziwa Kwazo

Ngexesha le-Emergency (1975-191977), urhulumente weNkulumbuso Indira Gandhi watyhalela kwiSinyuselo sama-42, esenze iinguqu ezinkulu kumGaqo-siseko wamaIndiya, kuquka ukucutha uhlolo lomthetho kunye namandla olawulo oluphezulu. Urhulumente wasebenzisa ukuphumelela kwakhe kwiPalamente ukudlulisa ukupheliswa kokuncitshiswa ngokungenakuphikiswa okanye inkcaso. Noko ke, iNkundla ePhakamileyo kamva yagalela iinxalenye zayo kulawulo lwe-orhulumente nolawulo lwezomthetho. [FLT:] [FLT:]] UMENUVA Mills [, ityala yowe-1980], eqinisekisa ukuba imfundiso esisiseko ingumgaqo wokuphelisa ingxulu-nco-mfa imo-mgamgamfa-mgamfa-m, i-mgaqo-mgaqo-siseko yalenze imo imo imo imothe imiqathango ephambili yemi ephambili yezo ekwayo ekwayo ekwayo ekwa

EJamani: Ukumanyaniswa Kwemithetho NeziHlayiso - mithetho Ezisisiseko

Emva kokuphinda kudityaniswe kweJamani ngo 1990, urhulumente watshintsha uMthetho oMkhulu ukuze aquke iLänder (amaphondo) entsha kunye nokulungisa amalungiselelo karhulumente. IBoundestag neBundesrat, kunye neenkulu ezifunekayo ezimbini ezizisithathu, zidlulise imigaqo emininzi engazilungisi. Lo mzekelo ubonisa indlela inyathelo lorhulumente elilungelelanisiweyo elinokuyihlaziya ngayo intsabelo yomgaqo-siseko phakathi kweMpuma neNtshona. Inkundla yoMgaqo-siseko kazwelonke ayizange izibethelele ezi ngxaki, njengokuba zazingaguquguquki nemigaqo esisiseko yoMthetho ongaphenduliyo.

Isiphelo: Ukulungelelana Okufanelekileyo Kwamandla Nomgaqo

Indima karhulumente ekuguquleni umgaqo-siseko yeyokuqalisa, ugcinelo lwesango, umalathisi kunye nonogada. Isebe lowiso-mthetho licebisa ukuba kulungiswe iinkqubo ezifuna ukunyanzeleka kolawulo oluphezulu. Ulawulo oluphezulu lungaphembelela, iveto, okanye impelesi yokulungisa, kodwa amandla alo athintelwa kukuhlola kwemithetho-mthetho kunye neekomiti zokugweba. Ikomiti yejaji iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo kunye nenkcubeko zihlonela imigaqo yesiseko somgaqo-siseko. Ngaphandle kwezi misebenzi ecwangcisiweyo, oorhulumente kufuneka bakhe izivumelwano zezobupolitika, baquke uluntu, kwaye banikele ulwazi olucacileyo, ingakumbi xa i-ratzingxelele ii-geagement okanye ii-coagement.

Izilungiso zomGaqo-siseko asiyomithetho eqhelekileyo; ibonisa ezona zibalulekileyo zikhethwa libutho labantu. Indima karhulumente kukulungiselela ezi zinto ngaphandle kokuzilawula, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinguqu zibonakalisa inkxaso ebanzi nehlala ihleli. Xa naliphi na isebe liphamba — njengoko kubonwa eIndiya ngexesha leExa Ingozi okanye kutshintsho lwakutshanje lomgaqo-siseko waseHungary olugxekwa yiVenice Commission — ukufaneleka kwenkqubo yokulungisa kuyathotywa. Idemokhrasi ephilileyo ixhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni ngokulungelelanisa okulungeleleneyo kwemithetho, impatho, impatho, kunye namasebe ejaji, ngalinye elisebenzisa indima yalo ngokomthetho elisebenza ngolawulo kunye nokuziphendulela.

Abo banomdla ekuhloleni iinkqubo zokulungisa umgaqo-siseko ngokuthelekiswa kobunzulu, iProjekthi inika ugcino-lwazi oluneenkcukacha kwimigaqo-siseko eli-194. Ukongeza, iKhomishini yeVennice [ yeBhunga laseYurophu inika izimvo zengcali ezingokwasemgceni kumaphondo, esebenza njengovimba obalulekileyo wobuchule bokuqonda imisebenzi elungileyo.