Indima Ekhulayo Yeso Sizwe Kwimibutho Yoluntu Esemhlabeni Wonke

Xa abantu abaninzi becinga ngeNational Guard, bathelekisa amajoni kunye nabasebenzi benqwelo-moya abasabela kwiinkanyamba zasekhaya, kwimililo eshushu okanye kwiziphithiphithi zamakhaya. Kodwa umsebenzi wabalindi udlulela kude kwimida yase-U. Kangangamashumi eminyaka, amaqela oKhuseleko lwesizwe aye athumela phesheya kwelizwe ukukhokela nokuxhasa iinkonzo zokunceda abantu zwenibanzi, ukubuyisela izakhiwo eziphicothayo, nokukhuthaza ukwakhiwa koluntu olusemngciphekweni owehlelwa yintlekele okanye yimfazwe.

Le misebenzi ayiyilwanga nge-hoc; icwangciswe kakuhle, imigudu yokuxhathisa isakhiwo samazwe amabini esizwelonke, ubuchule obungaqhelekanga obungathanga nto inye, kunye namaqhina anzulu namazwe angamaqabane ngokusetyenziswa kweenkqubo ezifana neSPP yoRhulumente yoLawulo (S. Ukuqonda indlela uKhuselo lweSizwe olufak'ukunceda abantu bamazwe ngamazwe okutyhila amandla asebenzayo asebenzayo ekuqinisekisweni koxolo njengakulwa.

Umzekelo Okhethekileyo: Isizathu Sokuba Abalindi Bebebalasele

Ubuchule beNational Guard bokusebenza kwindawo enzima busekelwe kwizinto zayo zemihla ngemihla. Ngokungafaniyo namandla asebenzayo ajikelezayo kwimijikelo ekhethekileyo yoqeqesho, amalungu okhuselo ahlala aze asebenze kwingingqi zawo. Unjineli welizwe kwiqela logada angakha iibhulorho ukuze aphile; umongikazi angasebenza kwigumbi longxamiseko lwasemaphandleni; umphathi wezoshishino angalawula itsheyina lokuthengisa. Xa efakwe kwimisebenzi yokunceda abantu, ezi ziingcali zizisa loo mava ehlabathini ngqo entsimini.

Le “modeli ye-citen-saljier” idala amandla angobugcisa obuqhekekileyo kunye nezithethe. Amaqela omkhosi asoloko ehamba kunye nemikhosi yamanye amazwe ngecandelo leSebe leSebe lezokhuselo loMgaqo-mkhosi, nto leyo edibanisa umkhosi wesizwe we-U.S. kunye nelizwe elisebenzisana nalo. Umzekelo, iKhalifonia National Guard isebenza ne-Ukraine kangangamashumi eminyaka, ngoxa i-Texas Guard isebenzisana ne-Czech Republic. Olu lwalamano olude lwexesha elide lwakha ukuthemba kunye nokusebenzisana okungqinelana okungqinelana okukhoyo ngexesha le ntlekele.

Inkqubo yoXobo lweSebe leMveli (SPP)

Yasekwa ngo 1993, i-SPP ngoku idibanisa unxulumano lwama-90 phakathi kwamazwana ase-U.S. kunye namazwe ali- 106. Ngexesha leengxaki zobuntu, olu qhagamshelwano lukhoyo lukhawulezisa ukunikezelwa koncedo. Abalindi sele bewaqonda amasiko asekuhlaleni, iilwimi, kunye nezakhiwo zoluntu loluntu. Oku kunciphisa ukhuhleko kwaye kuvumela ukukhululeka ekufikeleleni abantu abachaphazelekayo ngokukhawuleza kunokuba iyunithi engaqhelekanga ngokupheleleyo ifanele yakhe ulwalamano olusuka ekukrazukeni.

Umzekelo, xa iSitshingitshane uMaria satshabalalisa iPuerto Rico ngo2017, yayingengomyalelo wokulwa kodwa yayingulwalamano lwe-FLT :0 lwesizwe lwabalindi be-SPP ne-Dominican Republic eyanceda ukudibanisa ukukhutshwa komoya kunye nokukhutshwa kwemichiza. Ngokufanayo, ngexesha loqhushumbo lwama-202020 Beirut, i-Utah National Guard" i-Morocco-wakwazi ukuqhuba umthwalo kwiimixala ye-Morocco.

Izakhiwo: Oko ukugada kwesizwe kuzisa kwiMibutho yoLuntu

Iinkonzo zokunceda abantu zamazwe ngamazwe zifuna ukuxutywa kwentsabelo ekhawulezileyo nobukho obugciniweyo. Ugada wesizwe unegalelo kummandla wemida emine ephambili: inkxaso yezamayeza, ubunjineli, iinkcubeko, kunye nolawulo lomyalelo. Nganye yenza indima eyahlukileyo ekusindiseni ubomi nasekubuyiseleni okuqhelekileyo.

1. Uncedo lwezempilo nempilo yoluntu

Iiyunithi zezonyango, ingakumbi ezo zithatyathwe kuMkhosi noMkhosi weSizwe, zisoloko ziphakathi kwabaphendulayo bokuqala kwiimeko zempilo zaphesheya. Zimisa izibhedlele, ziqhuba imoto, zinikezele unyango, ziqhube amaphulo okugoma, ziqhube amaphulo okukhusela iEbola. Ngo-2014-16, ama-Ebola aseNtshona Afrika, amalungu esizwe angama-2000 athunyelwa eLiberia, eSenegal, naseSierra Leone. Akha iiyunithi zonyango, abasebenzi bezonyango abaqeqeshiweyo basekuhlaleni, kwaye athutha izinto zonyango ze-biohazad , kwaye athutha izinto ezinceda ukuthwala i-Ebola eNtshona Afrika-2016 eNtshona, amalungu e-Afrika, ngaphezu kwama-2001, athunyelweyo yonke i-Arabhusayithi yesizwe eNtshona Afrika.

Kutshanje, ngexesha lesifo se-COVID-19, amaqela amaziko asebenza ngezamayeza athunyelwa eHonduras nase-El Salvador phantsi koMyalelo waseMazantsi e-U.S., ukuseka iindawo zokuvavanya iselula kunye neendawo zokusasaza i-oksijini. Ukukwazi kwawo ukusebenza ngokwawo kwiindawo ezikude kwawenza axabiseke kakhulu kwimimandla enezibonelelo zempilo ezibuthathaka.

2. Ubunjineli kunye nokwakhiwa

Iintlekele zidla ngokutshabalalisa kanye oko kufunwa luluntu olusemngciphekweni: amanzi acocekileyo, iindlela, iindawo zokufihla intloko, kunye namandla. Amaqela oonjineli boMkhosi wesizwe asebenza ngokutsha kulwakhiwo lwale nkqubo. Emva konyaka ka-2010 wenyikima yeHaiti, 101st Injinier Battalion[ [iiiinqanawa ezikhuselekileyo zomkhosi wesizwe] (Massachusetts National Guard) ishe imfucum, ilungisa isakhiwo sexeshana sezibuko lenqwelo moya, kunye nezindlu zexeshanalo zeentsapho ezibhadukileyo. Ngo-2023, kulandela imiphetho etshabalalisayo ePakistan, iinjineli ze-Agadentiaulty ukusuka eNew York naseTexas zathunyelwa ukunceda ukubuyisela iibhulokhwe zokuwela kunye nezikhuthulwa kwamanzi.

Ezi misebenzi azisozilungisi ngokukhawuleza; zidla ngokufuna iiveki zomgudu othe rhoqo. Iiyunithi zogada zizisa izixhobo ezinzima(-bulldozer), iipurifier zamanzi, iinjini zokuphehla amandla embane (nengqeqesho yokuzisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo eziyingozi.

3. Ulawulo lweziko lobuchule kunye nolawulo lwekhayin

Uncedo olukhoyo alunamsebenzi ukuba alunakufikelela kwabo basweleyo. Amasebe esizwe egada alawula ukukhutshwa komoya, imisebenzi yasemazibuko, kunye nokuhamba kwemiqolo esemhlabeni kwezinye iimeko ezilucelomngeni ehlabathini. Air National Guard asebenzisa iC- 130 kunye neC-17 yenqwelo-moya ehambisa ukutya, amayeza, kunye nezinto zokufihla ikhusi kwimimandla yentlekele. Ngonyaka wonyaka ka2017, emva kwenkanyamba ne-Irma noMaria, iiyunithi ze-Airvergarday tray shorts ukuhambisa ii-aults ezizizigidi eziyi-8 zezipho kwiCaribbean.

Phantsi, umphathi wezokhuselo kunye neeyunithi zezithuthi zilungelelanisa “imayile yokugqibela” yokuhambisa. ENepal emva kwenyikima yonyaka ka-2015, iqela elincinane labagada elisuka e-Arizona lanceda umngcelele wenkqubo ye-UN World Food Programu ukunqumla iindlela zentaba ezidibeneyo, esebenzisa umfanekiso wesatellite kunye nolwazi lwasekuhlaleni olufunyenwe kwimithambo ye-SPPP yangaphambili.

4. Ukulungelelaniswa koMyalelo- kunye noLawulo

Iimpendulo ezinkulu zoncedo zifuna isakhiwo somyalelo odityanisiweyo odibanisa iimpahla zomkhosi namasebe angekho mthethweni anjenge-Ofisi yeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo yoGunyaziso lwemicimbi yoluntu (OCHA) kunye nemibutho engeyoyamasebe (NGOs). UKhuselo lwesizwe lunegalelo kubaphathi abakhulu abasebenza njengabanxibelelani kwimikhosi edibeneyo. La magosa aqinisekisa ukuba izenzo zomkhosi zihambelana nemigaqo yobuntu kwaye azithobeli phantsi ubuni bawo.

Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lenkqwithela engu-2019 i-Idai eMozambiki, iqela elincinane elisuka kwi- iNorth Carolina National Guard ibotshelelwe yi-Agency ye-International Development (USAID) ukuncedisa ekuququzeleni ukuhlangula kwehelikopta kunye nohlolo lwasemoyeni. Ukukwazi kwabo ukuthetha zombini “imikhosi” kunye“ neelwimi ezilawula abantu” kwathintela ukusetyenziswa komgudu kunye nokwenza izigqibo eziqulukileyo.

Iinkonzo ezinokubonwa zwenibanzi zoluntu

Ngoxa inxaxheba yeNational Guard ithatha izihlandlo ezininzi nyaka ngamnye, ezimbalwa zibonakala kwiziphumo zazo. Ukuhlolisisa ezi meko kutyhila indlela yokuthunyelwa konogada kunye nezifundo ezifundwayo.

Ukusabela ngokumanyeneyo kokusebenza – Haiti 2010

Inyikima enkulu ebethe iHaiti ngoJanuwari 12, 2010, yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-200 000 yaza yashiya izigidi ezisisi - 1,5 zingenamakhaya. Kwientsuku ezimbalwa, umkhosi wase-U.S. waqalisa omnye wemisebenzi yawo emikhulu yokuphendula kobubele yakha ya. Ugada wesizwe wadlala indima ephambili. Ngaphezu kwama-3000 amalungu ali-Olds athunyelwa eFlorida, ePuerto Rico, naseNew York, ukuxhasa [[FLT:] umkhosi woncedo lwe-Matask Haiti.

Amaqela ezonyango anyanga amawaka abantu abalimeleyo base-Haiti kunye nezibhedlele ezisemasimini kufutshane neSibhedlele esithe tye. Iqela leenjineli lavula iindlela zokunceda abakhenkethi abaya kufikelela kwiindawo ezikude. I-Air National Guard yathumela ii-oyile ezingama-400 400 000 zemithwalo, yahambisa iiponti zemithwalo. Okunye okubalulekileyo yayiyibhulorho yeelwimi nenkcubeko eyanikwa yi-Puerto Rican Guardsmen, ezininzi zazo ezazithetha isiFrentshi saseCreole kwaye ziqonda ii-oleeklecule.

Impumelelo enye ehlala ihleli: Abagada banceda ekwakheni kwakhona izibuko elingundoqo kwiPort-au-Prince, yenza unikezelo lwezambuku elwandle(ikhono elibalulekileyo elisasetyenziswayo namhlanje.

Ukusebenza kweNcedo eManyeneyo – iNtshona Afrika 2014-2016

Xa i-Ebola yasasazeka kulo lonke elaseGuinea, eLiberia naseSierra Leone, ihlabathi lajamelana nokuqhambuka kwalo okubulalayo kwentsholongwane. Umkhosi wase-U.S. wamisela umyalelo eMonrovia, kwaye uSongameli wesizwe wanikela ngamandla. Iiyunithi ezisuka iziIllinois, Maryland, kunye neTennessee[FL:1] zakha iiyunithi zonyango lwe-Ebola eziyi-11 (ETUS), nganye ineebhedi ezili-100. Abaqali bakha iinkqubo zokuphatha ucothalo lwe-ETUs, ukugxeka ukuhlasela.

Amaqela akwaBagada basemoyeni aseDelaware, eKentucky naseNtshona Virginia ahamba ngeenkonzo ezili- 150 ethutha izinto zonyango, iigiyeri zokukhusela kunye neesampuli zelebhu. Abasebenzi bonyango baqeqeshelwe abasebenzi bonyango basekuhlaleni abangaphezu kwe-1 500 abakwizigulana ezikhuselekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ulwalamano lweSPP noSenegal neGhana lwanceda ekunxibelelaneni umboniso wemida kunye nokuthumela imiyalezo yempilo kawonke wonke.

Impethu yeTyphoon Haiyan Impumelelo – iiPhilippines 2013

ITyphoon Haiyan (Yolanda) yabetha iPhilippines ngemimoya egqithileyo ye195 mph, yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama - 6 000 kwaye yabeka izi-4 zezigidi. Umkhosi wase-U.S. waphendula ngesixhobo sokuSebenza iDamayan. iGuam National Guam National Guard[ kuphela iyure ezintathu zokubhabha ukude kude nenqwelo-moya eyonakalayo, kwaye yabulala i-logethi ye-antens eAnderen Airmand Base, ifaka ii-pallats zokutya, amanzi, kunye ne-tarps. Ugadar C-105 wathumela iintlobo ezingamashumi asibhozo ze-Dam e-Tagloban, ukumisa kwinqwelo moya eyonakalayo ehambayo ehambayo engekho myelweni yamajoni amajoni angowasempilweni.

Amagosa akwanikela unyango olungqalileyo kwiikliniki zokwexeshana anceda abasemagunyeni basePhilippines bavavanya umonakalo wokwakha. Ngenxa yokuba iGuam’s Guam iqeqeshe umkhosi wasePhilippines phantsi kwe-SPP kangangeminyaka, banokusebenza ngengxwabangxwaba encinane yenkcubeko----------lukhulu olukhawulezileyo ukukhululeka ngeeveki.

Isibonelelo soMkhukula ePakistan 2022-2023

Izikhukula zemonsyoon ngo-2022 ezintywiliselwe kanye kwisithathu sePakistan, ezichaphazela abantu abazizigidi ezingama-33. I-U.S. yaphendula ngokudlula kwinethwekhi ye-SPP yohlanga. Ugada beTexas, abasebenzisana nePakistan phantsi kwe-SPP, bathumela iqela lomkhosi wabemi ukunceda iNational Disaster Disaster Directory (NDMA). Bancedisa ekunxibelelaneni kweengxelo ze-oomatshini ze-oyile zisebenzisa ii-drons kunye nezifundo ezisuka kwi-atrackies.

Ukongezelela, iiyunithi zononjineli bogada ezivela eNew York naseKhalifoniya zaxhotyiswa ukuncedisa ekulungiseni iibhulorho ezingundoqo eBalochistan naseSindh kumaphondo. Umsebenzi wabo wavula iindlela zorhwebo wavumela iilori ukuba zifike kwiidolophana ezikwanti. Lo msebenzi wabonisa ixabiso le-SPP: kuba ulwalamano lwalusele lukho, ugada wayenokusebenza ngaphandle kokukhubeka kwentlukwano yokwakha xa kusehla intlekele.

Uqeqesho nokulungiselela imisebenzi yoluntu ngaphezulu kolwandle

Amalungu okhuselo akavuki nje ngemini enye kwaye asebenze. Afumana ulungiselelo olungqongqo oludibanisa ukulungelelanisa umkhosi noqeqesho olucacileyo. Okuninzi kuyenzeka kwiNdlela yemisebenzi yoluntu (JHOC), eqhutyelwa kwiZiko loMkhosi Wokhuselo lwezemfundo eArkansas.

I-JHOC ifundisa amajoni kunye nabaphathi-moya indlela yokusebenza nee-NGO, ukuhlonela amasiko asekuhlaleni, ukuphepha ukwenza ugcino-lwazi, nokuqinisekisa uncedo ukufikelela kwezona zisemngciphekweni. Imithambo edlala imidlalo efana nokuthetha namaqela axhobileyo kwiindawo zokuhlola, ukubeka inkampu kwindawo enomkhukula, okanye ukusabela kwisifo esiqhambukayo ngeli lixa ugcina abaphendula bekhuselekile.

Ngaphezu kwezifundo ezisesikweni, iiyunithi zokhuselo zithatha inxaxheba kwimithambo yonyaka enjenge Global Medic (kwiyunithi zezamayeza) kunye ne-Artulate[ (yoonjineli beeyunithi), esoloko iquka abathathi-nxaxheba. Ezi mithambo zakha umanyano olufunekayo ngokwenene.

Ulwahlulo lwangaphakathi: Ungqinelwano Olusezantsi

Ucelomngeni olungundoqo kukugcinwa kwemigaqo yobubele yobundilele, yokungakhethi bunye, kunye nenkululeko xa besebenza phantsi kolawulo lomkhosi. Abagada bathetha oku ngokunamathela ngokungqongqo kwiZikhokelo [[FLT: 0] kunye nonxibelelwano ne-OCHA. Amagosa akhuselayo aqeqeshelwe ukuqaphela ukuba iimpahla zomkhosi zimele zikhokele nini kwaye xa kufuneka axhase imigudu ekhuthaziwe. Oku kubangele intlonelo yabalindi kwimibutho yoluntu enokuba nento enokuthi ngandlel ’ ithile igatye ukungenelela inxaxheba kumkhosi.

Ukubaluleka kweenqanawa ezihamba ixesha elide

Impembelelo yeenkonzo zoncedo lwesizwe ingaphaya kokukhululeka okukhawulezileyo. Ngenxa yokuba amaqela eenkonzo ezincedisanayo abuyela kumazwe afanayo unyaka nonyaka, ayawakha amaqumrhu. Ayayiqonda indlela ehamba ngayo imimandla etyekele ekuphuphumeni, imicimbi yezobupolitika yobulungiseleli bempilo belizwe elinoluntu, kunye nenkqubo engacwangciswanga enikela uncedo kwiindawo ezisemagqagaleni.

I-SPP sisitrato esihamba macala amabini: amazwe asebenza kunye nawo athumela ababukeli kwimidlalo yentlekele yase-U.S. kwaye amajoni awo afunda kumava oMgaqo-mkhosi. Ngo-2018, umzekelo, iqela elisuka kwimikhosi ye-Mongolian Adring Forces (esebenzisane nonogada base-Alaska) laphawula indlela ugada wase-Alaska abasabela ngayo kwinyikima enkulu. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, xa inyikima efanayo yahlasela iMongolia, umkhosi wasekuhlaleni wasebenzisa ezo zifundo phantse noncedo lwabalindixesha.

Impembelelo Nembono Yexesha Elizayo

Phakathi kowama-2005 nowama-2024, i-Ofisi yesizwe yaba nenxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zoncedo lwezizwe ezikumazwe angaphezu kwama-70. Le misebenzi iye yasindisa amashumi amawaka abantu, ukwakha okanye ukulungisa amakhulu ezikolo neekliniki, kunye nokuqeqesha amawaka abantu basekuhlaleni. Mhlawumbi okubaluleke ngakumbi, ibomeleze amaqhina eeNtlalo-ntle: uphando lweRwanda lwama-2023 lufumanise ukuba ukudibana kwe-SPP kunegalelo eliphawulekayo ekungeneleni kwentlukwano yentlalo - ntlekele phakathi kwe-U.S. kunye namazwe angamaqabane.

Xa ijonge phambili, iNational Guard ingenza indima enkulu nakweminye imisebenzi yokunceda abantu. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuya kukhula ubuninzi kunye nobukhulu beentlekele zendalo, kwaye isakhiwo esithambileyo soMgaqo sikwenza kube lukhetho oluqhelekileyo kwimpendulo ekhawulezileyo. I- yesizwe yoBungameli sele iseke ireji entsha “Imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo neyoluntu." ukulungiselela ukwenziwa kwamaqela esemthethweni kunye nolwahlulo lwemali.

Ngaphezu koko, ugada utyalo-mali kwimisebenzi emitsha: iiyunithi zokucoca amanzi ahambayo, izibhedlele ezinamandla elanga, kunye nohlolo lomonakalo osekelwe kwi-drone. Njengoko ezi zixhobo ziba zisebenzayo, amaqela ogada aza kukwazi ukusetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye asebenzise i-odoli engakumbi, efikelela kwiindawo ekunzima ukufikelela kuzo ngoku.

Isiphelo

Igalelo leNational Guard kwimisebenzi yezentlalo yamazwe ngamazwe liyitestamente , elo ligama elivaliweyo, kwaye liyimbonakaliso ecacileyo yendlela umkhosi waseMelika onokuba namandla ngayo alungileyo angaphaya kokulwa. Ngenkqubo yeSebe leSizwe, ngoqeqesho olukhethekileyo, nangobuchule basekuhlaleni bamalungu awo, ugada unika amandla angekho mbutho. . . .apho amajoni okanye angowasemkhosini..

Kubafundi abafunda ngolwalamano lwehlabathi lonke, ulawulo lwentlekele, okanye izifundo zomkhosi, ukuqonda le ndima kubalulekile.

Ukufunda okungakumbi, hlolisisa ii-website ezisemthethweni ze- ye-Universal Guau yoKhuselo lwesizwe kunye ne Inkqubo yeSizwe yoGunyaniso [, okanye funda kwizifundo zobunzulu iRpoven Corporation kunye ne U].S Agency yeNKC yoPhuliso lwezizwe ngezizwe.