Inkqubela-phambili yasedolophini kwi-United Kingdom iye yaguquka kakhulu kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo, isuka kwinkqubano yasekuhlaleni isiya kumzekelo odityanisiweyo wempumezo. Umbindi ukuya kolu tshintsho ngabona boosibonda besixeko esikhulu se-UK, abandima yabo ikhuliswe ngolwando olusuka kwinkcitho yotshintsho olunika amandla amatsha kwizithuthi, izindlu, ubuchule, kunye nenkqubela yezoqoqosho. Kodwa impumelelo yaba sodolophu ayixhomekekanga kuphela kukhokelo lwabo kodwa kubuchule babo bokwakha unxulumano olusebenzayo namagunya adibene nelizwe kunye norhulumente wesizwe. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela abasebenzisana ngayo amanqanaba amatsha karhulumente ukuze baqhube ushishino, ushishino, uphuhliso-olwazi olupheleleyo, oluqulukileyo, naphambili olujonge phambili.

Indima ejikelezayo yabasebenzi beUK kuPhuhliso lweDolophu

Indawo yoomatiloshe abanyulwa ngqo eNgilani yeyona ndawo itsha, eqatshelwe ukusekwa kweGunya laseLondon ngo- 2000. Ukususela ngoko, ukwenziwa kotshintsho lweziko lommandla wenqanawa kudala oomatiloshe abanobume besixeko abanjengeManchester, Liverpool City Treant, West Midlands, West Yorkshire, uMzantsi weSidibe, kunye neCambridgeshire kunye noPeterborough Igunya. Abameli banoxanduva lweziso sobume bezoqoqosho nezoshishino zesixeko, kuquka imibutho yezothutho, ukuthutha izakhiwo, ukulungiselela umhlaba, ukusebenzisa ucwangciso lwendawo, kunye noqingqobhatalo lweenjongo zemfundo yabantu abadala.

Ngokungafaniyo neenkosi ezinkulu ezifunyanwa kwiidolophu ezininzi zaseBritane, aba basemadolophini banegunya lokwenene lokulawula. Bamagxamesi abo abadibeneyo, bacebisa uphuhliso olucwangcisiweyo, kunye nokulawula izimali zotyalo-mali zeminyaka emininzi. Esi sakhiwo sibenza bakwazi ukusebenza njengendawo enye yokuphendula inkqubela yedolophu, ngoxa besebenza njengabameli abaphezulu bemimandla yabo ekuthetheni noWhitehall. I-Dvolution Actres edalectss [Foct:1] edale iimfuno ezicacileyo zifuna ukuba abameli abasemalukweni oomatilo-mikhosi yombini kunye namasebe esizwe, ukuncedisana kwiDNAME-region.

Indaleko njengesakhelo sokuhlaziywa

Indaleko kwi-UK ayiyiyo inkqubo efanayo kodwa kunoko luthotho lwezivumelwano ezithethwayo phakathi korhulumente ophakathi kunye nemimandla yesixeko ngasinye. Ulwabo ngalunye ludlulisela amandla athile kunye nengxolo yemijelo yemali, ngokufuthi lugunyaziswa ngobukho bomphathi-dolophu onyuliweyo ngqo. uluhlu lwendawo efihlakeleyo yokwenziwa kweprojekthi olugcinwe nguMphathiswa weHousestiki, iMatiko noRhulumente wengi yoMdabi. Umzekelo, umgangatho wesibini wolawulo lweManchester usebenza kulawulo lwesibini lolwaleko lwebhasi olusuka kwifranchiting kunye noqhut, ngelixesha leMidlands engamashumi amabini anika impembelelo enkulu kushishino lwendawo.

La malungiselelo aye anyanzelisa oosodolophu ukuba baphuhlise izihlunu ezisebenzisanayo. Kufuneka balungelelanise izinto eziphambili ze-ofisi yabo kunye nemisebenzi yezomthetho yamabhunga ephondo kummandla odibeneyo, lo gama kwakhona behlangabezana nolindelo lukarhulumente osembindini kumaxhoba esizwe afana nonethi-zero--zero-----ekukhutshwa komphunga wekhabhabhabha okanye amanani okubonelelwa kwezindlu. Esi senzo sokulinganisela kufuneka siqhubeke sisenziwa, sicwangciswe, kunye nonxibelelwano olucacileyo.

Ukhuphiswano lwengingqi: Ukuqhekeza uSilos

Enye yezona minikelo zibalulekileyo zoomatiloshe be-UK ibibubuchule babo bokulungelelanisa inkqubo ukutyhubela imida yamagunya asekuhlaleni. Ngaphambi kokuba kukhuliswe utshintsho, ukuphuhliswa kwedolophu kwakusoloko kuthintelwa lukhuphiswano phakathi kwamabhunga abamelwane. Ukuphuhliswa kwezindlu kusenokulahlwa kwingingqi enye kuphela ukuba kuvunywe kuleyo imeleneyo enezibonelelo ezibuthathaka, idala ulwando oludityanisiweyo. Abasebenzi abasebenza kumgangatho wegunya elidityanisiweyo bangayinyanzela ukuba kubekho umahluko kwingini, ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokuhlala, ukuthutha, kunye nocwangciso lwemisebenzi iyavumelana.

Isithuthi esiyintloko solu manyano lwengingqi sigunya eliqulunqwe li-, iqumrhu elisemthethweni elihlanganise amabhunga amaninzi ukuze enze imisebenzi ethile kunye. Isitulo soosiyalo sinegunya kunye nekhabhathi yaso, kodwa izigqibo zenziwa kunye neenkokeli zamabhunga ahlukeneyo. Le mikhosi yesakhiwo iyayekelela kunye nolwakhiwo-luvo. Umzekelo, umkhulu odityaniswe iGunya leManchester (GMKA) iquka iinkokeli zezikhulu ze-croat counts ezilishumi. Zidityaniswe kunye zivelise umsebenzi omkhulu we-Manberg Starian Statial.

Ucwangciso lokuthutha nokusebenzisa umhlaba

Uthutho ludla ngokuba yindawo yokuqala apho intsebenziswano yengingqi ivelisa iziphumo ezibonakalayo. Abavumisi abanjengo-Andy Burnham eManchester enkulu kunye noRichard Parker kwiNtshona Midlands basebenzise amandla abo ukudibanisa uloliwe wengingqi, ibhasi, kunye neenkonzo zetram kwimibutho edityaniswe kunye. IBee [[FLT]] kuMphathi-Mkhosi weManchester, oye wathatha ulawulo olupheleleyo lwenkonzo zebhasi phantsi kwemodeli ehambayo ngo-2024, ngumzekelo obonisa indlela umphathi wedolophu anokusebenzisa ngayo amandla othutho olunewumbiwe ngemithutho. Oku kwakufuna unxibelelwano olusondeleyo noncedo lweManberg, amabhunga alishumi ephondo, kunye nesebe lesizwe lokuthutha.

Ngokufanayo, iindlela zokulungisa izakhiwo ziyaququzelelwa kumgangatho wengingqi. Abaqhubi basebenzisa ulawulo lwabo kwiNgxowa-mali yehlabathi yeBrownfield .

Ulondolozo lwemekobume njengenjongo exhotyisiweyo

Oomatiloshe abaninzi baye babeka ukulondolozwa kokusingqongileyo kwisiseko sophuhliso lwabo lwedolophu. Oku kubandakanya iprojekthi yommandla wesiXeko saseLiverpool uGenerictaryshir, ebekwe isitulo nguSikhululo uSteve Rotheram, zizisa kunye amagunya asekuhlaleni, amashishini, kunye namaziko ophando ukuze anike ixhoba lomnatha-zelo ngo-2040. Oku kubandakanya imisebenzi yommandla ngokubanzi ukwenzela amakhaya afanelekeleyo, ukwandisa iindlela zomjikelezo, kunye nokwenza iipaseji eziluhlaza. Imodeli yesandla ivumela umphathi wedolophu ukuba afumane izinto kwimibutho emininzi, ekuphepheni ukuqhuba iproglaynthi kunye nokuqhuba impumelelo.

Omnye umzekelo liGunya leWest Yorkshire eliDibanisiweyo , apho uMchazi uTracy Brabin ejonge ukwenziwa kwenkqubo yengingqi yokumisa imithi kunye nohambo lwenqanawa oluhamba nololiwe woduladula. Ezi zindululo zixhomekeke kwimali evela kurhulumente wesizwe Iqhinga leZero [ kwaye zinikezelwa ngentsebenziswano namabhunga esithili elinomhlaba nesiseko selizwe. Umphathi-omatiloshe usebenza njengendawo yokulwa kwenqanawa, elungelelanisa izikhundla zawo onke amaqela kwicala elijoliswe kwimeko-mente yobume.

Ukuncedisana noRhulumente weSizwe

Ngeli xesha intsebenziswano yengingqi ibalulekile, oomatiloshe kufuneka balondoloze ulwalamano oluqinileyo norhulumente osembindini ukuze bakhusele inkxaso-mali kunye notshintsho lwenkqubo ebangela ukuphuhliswa kwedolophu. Urhulumente wesizwe ulawula ukuxhasa okungundoqo kwemali ephumayo, njenge- iNgxowa-mali ePhezulu[, [[FLT]] i-UK Ekwabelaneyo iNgxoxokelelwano yemali [[FLT]], kunye ne-IFLT [FLT] iNgxowaleko ye-Infracrective [[. Amagnethi kufuneka akhuthaze ngokunelisayo ukwenzela ukuba afumane izabelo ezi zixhobo, ngokufuthi ekhuphisana ngokuchasene nenye inkqubo echazwa ngurhulumente ngokwe-"edictive devolution."

I- Iphepha elimhlophe eliqengqelekelele phezulu , elipapashwa ngo-2022, limisela indlela urhulumente osembindini alindele ngayo ukusebenza noomatiloshe kunye namagunya adibeneyo. Yasungula ingcamango "yokusebenza kwe-"trayblazer devolution), enika amandla anzulu kunye neendawo zokuhlala zemali ezide ukwenzela ukuphendulana komelele ngakumbi. IManchester neNtshona Midwands zaba ngumsebenzi wokuqala we-partllazer, inika oonozala bazo ulawulo olungaphaya kobuchule nemijikelezo yeminyaka emihlanu. Le mode inciphisa imfuneko yokusebenza konyaka kunye noomatilo-omatiloshe abavumela ukuba bacwangci betyala ixesha elide elibanzi.

Impembelelo yemithetho

Abasebenzi basebenza njengeengingqi ezinamandla kwimimandla yabo. IBhunga leMayoral , i-fourum ezisa kunye uMphathi-mikhosi omkhulu kunye noomatiloshe abanyuliweyo abasuka ngaphaya kweNgilani, inika iqonga lokuxubusha ngeenguqu zenkqubo yesizwe ezichaphazela imimandla yasezidolophini. Ngale qumrhu, abameli baye baqhubela phambili utshintsho kwinkqubo yokucwangcisa, ukulungelela, ukulungelelanisa okugqithisileyo kwezindlu, kunye nemiqathango yemozulu. Ilizwi labo lidibanisa ubunzima, ingakumbi xa bethetha ngokungalungeleni kwimicimbi enjengezorhwebo okanye izindlu zoluntu.

Oosidolophu ngabanye bakwasebenzisana ngqo namasebe karhulumente. Umzekelo, umMayor weqela laseLondon udibana rhoqo neSebe loPhuhliso lokunxibelelana ukuze linxibelelane ne-Rhwebo lwe-London, ngelixa uMyali weSigodlo seTees esebenze ngokusondeleyo neSebe leBhunga neTrades ukukhusela isikhundla sokukhululeka kwi-port yommandla. Olu lwalamano lwakhiwe ngokuthembana nangamandla aqinisekisiweyo okudlulisela iziphumo, okwenza urhulumente wesizwe akulungele ngakumbi ukuphathisa amagunya athe kratya kwimicimbi yexesha elizayo.

Ukukhusela Imali Yeprojekthi Yesikali Esikhulu

Isiqhamo esibonakalayo sentsebenziswano yesizwe sesizwe sentsebenziswano, kunye neYork, semali edityanisiweyo yeeprojekthi ezinkulu zezibonelelo. Itranspenine Route Unyuselo, ulwandiso lwemijikelo yemalkta-waka yemijikelo phakathi kweManchester, iLeeds, kunye ne-Yorkey, iqhubele phambili ngemigudu edityanisiweyo yoomatiloshe ukusuka kwiManchester, West York, kunye neSouth Yorkshire, ecaleni kweSebe le Nkonzo yokuthutha. Ngokufanayo, iMidlands Metror ulwando oluphakathi lwe Briley Hill yenziwa yimali enokwenziwa ngemirhumo-mali edityani edityaniyo, i-ofisi ye-Maydometers, kunye noMattlesty.

Imali yokufumana indawo yokuhlala edityanisiweyo edityanisiweyo ebhengezwa ngo-2023, inika oonodolophu abadityanisiweyo amandla okunikezela ku-$500 ezigidi ukuqhubela phambili ukunikezelwa kwezindlu kwilizwe lamacandelo kawonke-wonke. I-West Yorkshire Edityanisiweyo Igunya elisebenzisa le mali ukukhawuleza amakhaya amatsha angama-200 eLeeds nase Bradford, esebenza namaNgilani kunye neSebe loLording Up, iHostling neMacainea. Imizekelo enjalo ibonisa ukuba xa oomatiloshe besebenzisana ngokunempumelelo kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni, bayakwazi ukuvula oovimba abangenakufikelela kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni kuphela.

Uhlolisiso Lwezinto Eziye Zasetyenziswa

Uhlolisiso olungqalileyo lwezi zixeko lutyhila indlela ulawulo olusebenzisanayo oluguqulela kwiziphumo ezibonakalayo zokuphuhliswa kwedolophu.

IManchester Enkulu

Phantsi koMayor Andy Burnham, iManchester enkulu iye yaba ngumzekelo wophuhliso lwasedolophini. Isiphumo sinxulunyaniswa nolungiso lwendawo emnyama ye-Manchester Dvolution , okokuqala satyikitywa ngo-2014 kwaye sandiswa kakhulu ngo-2023, sanika umlawuli wolawulo kwimali yempilo edibeneyo kunye nenkxalabo yoluntu, ukuhambisa, ukuhlalisa, ukuhlala, kunye nobuchule bobudala. Isiphumo siye salungelelanisa ukuhlaziywa kwebala elimnyama, kunye nolwelo oluphakathi kwe-Bhange, kunye noomatilo-omatilo-mbuso uvumele ulungele ulungele uqhutlo olunjalo, ulawulo lwemijikelo lwemijikelo lwemijikelo ye-petrol-magneiat [[[FLD:3]] ukunikezela ngemali ezizizigidi ezizizigidi ezingama-10 000 ukuya kulwaneyo ngaphambili. Ulwalamano oluphakathi lwe-Bhobonke, iinkomkhulu, iinkomkhulu, urhulumente zi

ENtshona

Richard Parker, onyulwe ngo-2024, wakha kwilifa leAndy Street yangaphambili ngokuyama nomanyano lweNtshona Midlands edityanisiweyo kunye nelizwe le- Amakhaya aseNgilani. Ingingqi ye Brownfield Land Programme neprojekthi yoPhuliso lwendawo yePhondo ivule ngaphezu kwama-200-reyithi yelizwe le-Delicct ukuze ifumane indawo entsha yokuhlala neyorhwebo. Park’s ijolise kwinkqubela yezindlu zokuhlala kwizikhululo ezintsha zendlela nodula, nto leyo eyayibonisa amandla amatsha karhulumente, kunye neendawo zokumayela kunye ne-Andreat, iSebe le-Derveast, i-Fognon. [FFoldown]

Ummandla weCity in Liverpool

Imali yeLiverpool Combicment Imali yoMmandla wesiXeko iDibanisa iGunya leSixeko iphawulwe ngokugxininisa kwayo kwimibutho yamanani kunye nengcambu. Uphuhliso lweZixeko ze-Liveral Metrom Metroration Imali yeSibonelelo se-Livemony [[FLT:]] isebenzisa imali evela kuRongezo lweMfuno-Rwonkel-om-omment Fund yesizwe ye-othermouse ye-othermoneas ukuxhasa izakhiwo zamanani kunye nemisebenzi ecocekileyo. Inkcuthelela imicimbi yesizwe [[FLT] UK] UKK] Uphandor no-Internation’s procesting [[FLT] ixhasa ushishitoody-odromes provicesssssssssssss wind wind wir, ezininzi zelizwe elingumbindicip

Ucelomngeni Namathuba

Ngaphandle kwempumelelo, intsebenziswano phakathi koomatiloshe, amaqumrhu eengingqi, kunye norhulumente wesizwe ayinangxaki. Olunye ucelomngeni oluzingisileyo lululungelelwaniso lwezobupolitika . Ngokufuthi amagxalasi noorhulumente besizwe bangabamalungu amaqela ahlukeneyo ezobupolitika, anokudala ungquzulwano ngemali ephambili okanye imigaqo-nkqubo. Umzekelo, ukugxininisa kukarhulumente wangoku kwisohlwayo somthetho maxa wambi kuye kwangqubana neemfuno zoomatilo-dolophu abaphezulu. Ukufumana umhlaba omnye kufuna ubuchule nokuvuma ukulalana kuwo omabini amacala.

Olunye ucelomngeni lulu olubangela ukungazinzi okuqhubekayo. Uninzi lohlahlo-guquko lolwandiso lunika inkxaso-mali ethatha iminyaka emininzi, kodwa umgangatho wobuncwane usaxhomekeke kwizinto eziphambili zikarhulumente ezisembindini ezinokutshintsha ngohlolo ngalunye oluchithayo. Amagcisa aqhubekeka angqina ixabiso lemimandla yawo ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkxaso eqhubekayo. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuqwalaseleni kwixesha elifutshane, iprojekthi ebonakalayo enkcicitho yokucwangcisa. Inkcaza yemali ekhoyo kunyaka emide. [[FLT]] ingeniso ekhoyo yemali ekhoyo ekhoyo ekwindawo yogcino-trapluewbzer' ukwenzela izicwangciso ezidityanisiweyo ze-encwadi ezidityanisiweyo kwincoko yabaphathi-okanye ne-enjini.

Isantya kunye nobuchule zikwavelisa imiqobo. Amagunya adityanisiweyo amancinane asenokungabi nazingcaphephe ezifunekayo ukuzama ukuxhasa imisinga entsonkothileyo yenkxaso-mali okanye ukulawula imisebenzi emikhulu yesiseko sesiseko. Urhulumente wesizwe ukukuqaphele oku nge [ Imali yeCatagitic , enika inkxaso yokunceda imimandla eyakha amandla ayo olawulo. Abakheli bemisebenzi yoontanga ukwabelana ngemisebenzi engcono, efana nothelekiso oluqhutywa ngumfanekiso womnqamlezo oqhutywa yitanki [[FLT] [FLT]

Ikamva Lophuhliso Oluneenkcubeko

Xa ujonga phambili, iingcinga ezininzi zisenokubumba indlela oomatiloshe be-UK abaqhubeka ngayo besebenzisana noorhulumente bengingqi kunye noorhulumente bengingqi. Udibaniso lweziqinganiso olukwi-Digital [ luza kubaluleka ngakumbi, abalawuli abasebenzisa idata evela kwizivamvo ezikrelekrele zesixeko, amakhadi okuthutha, kunye neenkqubano zomhlaba ukwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kubungqina. Inkqubo eqhutywa yiNkonzo ye-Implocate ye House, i-Marity kunye noRhulumente yoLogo sele ikhuthaza abasemagunyeni ukuba bamkele imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yogcino-lwazi, nto leyo eza kwenza ukulungele ukuqhuba unxulumano olululo lweziko lweziko lweziko lobucala kuqumgalbhulu nombini nolulo-o-om.

[[FLT: 0] ukudibana okungatshintshiyo yenye indawo apho oomatiloshe balindeleke ukuba basebenzisane ngokunzulu khona. Amagunya amaninzi adibene azama iindibano zabemi noqingqo-mali lokuncedisana ukuze anike abahlali ilizwi elingqalileyo kwizigqibo zokuphuhlisa idolophu. Usigqeba weManchester uqhube iintlanganiso rhoqo apho abantu basekuhlaleni banokucel ’ umngeni izicwangciso zokuhamba nezokuhlala. Eli galelo lengca linceda oomatiloshe balungelelane bemisebenzi yabo ngeemfuno zokwenyaniso zasekuhlaleni, nto leyo eyakha inkxaso yezopolitiki yedevo.

Ekugqibeleni, inkxwaleko kunye neengxaki zendalo ziza kunyanzela intsebenziswano ekufuphi. Amaxhoba omnatha wesizwe owe-zero amiselwe ngurhulumente we-UK afuna imimandla yasedolophini ukuba ikhutshwe ngokukhawuleza, kodwa izenzo ezininzi ezinje zokwenza ngokutsha, ukufaka izakhiwo ezifakelwe ubushushu, kunye nokuzidiliza iindawo zikawonke-wonke-wonke, kufuneka zinikelwe ngabaphathi-magunya asebenza kunye noomatiloshe. IZiko leMaliti yeMidlana engca eninzi [ icebisiwe ukuba oomatilasi kunye namagunya adityani aluhlaza afake inteko yemisebenzi, imodelithi enokuthi ilinganiswe ngokutsha kwi-mente, ukuboniswa kwemali esemthethweni.

Ekuqukumbeleni, intsebenziswano phakathi koosodolophu be-UK, amagunya ephondo, kunye norhulumente wesizwe ingumoya onamandla wokuphuhlisa idolophu. Ngokuqhekeza i-silos, ukudibanisa inkxaso-mali, nokukhuthaza ukuvumelana kwezobupolitika, ezi zivumelwano ziphucule izithuthi, izindlu, kunye nokuzinziswa. Ucelomngeni lwengxubevange yezopolitiko, ukungazinzi kwemali, kunye nezithuba zesikhundla zisekho, kodwa intsebenziswano enzulu ngakumbi. Njengoko u-devolution eqhubeka evelisa, oomatiloshe besixeko se-UK baya kuhlala besenza amanqaku aphakathi ezinto ezibhedleleneyo, apheleleyo, apheleleyo, kunye nezixeko ezichumileyo zexesha elizayo.