Indima Yemibutho Yezizwe Ngezizwe Ekuchaseni Ubunqolobi

Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe iye yaba yeyona ibalulekileyo kumlo wehlabathi lonke nxamnye nobugrogrisi ngenxa yokuba akukho zwe linye elinokukwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokuphumelelayo nesisongelo esinqumla imida, iingcamango, kunye nemithetho elawulayo. Amaqumrhu anjengeZizwe Ezimanyeneyo (UN), i-INTERPOL, i-European Union (EU), i-Afrikaan Union (A), kunye ne-U Organization for Security and Conectionation eEurope (OSCE) anika ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zobugqeba ukuze kuqhutywe. Ngokudibanisa imigaqo esesikweni, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuthenjwa phakathi kwamazwe, le mibutho yenza imisebenzi elwa nolwaphulo-mthetho elungele ukudibana nokusebenza nokuchaphazelana kwezizwe ezininzi kunokuba injalo.

I-UN, ngeKomiti ye- ebanzi-i-Terrorism (CTC) kunye ne-Ofisi ye-UNICEF yoBuchaphazeleko-Trorrism (UNDOL)[[FL:3], imisela imigaqo-mithetho, ijongela ukuphumeza izigqibo zobugcisa, kwaye inike uncedo lobugcisa. I-INTERPOL, kunye nenkqubo yayo yonxibelelwano lwamapolisa lwehlabathi lonke I-24/7, inceda ubuchule bokwenene bokwabelana ngamazwe ali-196. I-EU yongezwa le migudu ngeyayo i-Internaltic Secutrytry kunye nee-Eurocamplicate, ezithi zilungele ukuphaza kwe-edingxss, ezi-expt, ezithi ze-ogrorvelt ezitshintsha ngolungelelwanomo-ograc; i-enza i-enza i-enza i-

Ubuchule Obuphambili Bokwamkelwa

Ukusebenza kwemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe kuxhomekeke kuludwe lweendlela eziqinisekisiweyo eziguqulela ezopolitiko kwizinto ezisebenza ngokwenene.

Ulwazi nolwabelano lobuntlola

Ubuntlola obufike ngexesha nobuchanekileyo bungundoqo wobuGcisa bobuGqirha. Iinkqubo zezizwe ngezizwe ziseka amaqonga akhuselekileyo ` njenge-INTERPOL's Ekhuselekileyo yoNxibelelwano oluKhuselekileyo Platform kunye [[FLT:]] ne-'S'IGAMA LENTSME-MFUU-U'S (PNR) [[[FLT]]] Imodeliu'S'S'S'AMED REP [[FLT]] [[FLT]]] [indlela] [iindlela]] [indawo echaphazelekayo] [iinkqubo ye-amandla omthetho-omthetho nenkqubo ye-e-entlalogosogoso] [incopho] [i] .[FLT]]] iqhuba uvavanyo lwamazwe lwamazwe lwamazwe lwamazwe ukuphawula iimeko-oomatherithi, kunye notshintsho. 20%.20

Sekunjalo, ukwabelana kuhlala kungalingani ngenxa yokuthembana. Ukuphelisa oku, imibutho efana [[FLT: 0] Europol amagosa asebenza kunye asebenzisanayo asebenzisana ngqo namasebe esizwe, akha ulwalamano lobuqu olunceda ukutshintshisana ngobulumko.

Imisebenzi edityanisiweyo kunye nemikhosi yomsebenzi

Xa izisongelo zisekwe ngamazwe, imisebenzi yamalungu iba yebalulekileyo. I- I-Global Coalition to Defita ISIS, yenziwa ngo-2014 phantsi kokhokelo lwe-U.S. kodwa isebenza ngenkxaso ye-UN, ngumzekelo obalaseleyo. Ilungu layo lomkhosi lidibanisa umoya kunye nokuqeqeshwa kwemikhosi yasekuhlaleni, ngelixa amaqela ayo asebenzayo asebenzayo e-"egqunywe yi-fitance, iimfazwe zangaphandle ze-grogrisi, kunye nonxibelelwano oluququzelelweyo/ukudibanisa izizwe ezininzi kunye nemibutho.

I-INTERPOL isebenza iProjecter, inyathelo lokuqala elithatha iminyaka emininzi lokujolisa izixhobo ezingekho mthethweni ezidityaniswe nobugrogrisi. Ngokudibanisa ubulumko obuvela kumazwe anenxaxheba, iprojekthi iye yakhokelela kumakhulukhulu okubanjwa nokuphanjwa kwezixhobo ezingamawaka. Ngokufanayo, iEU ye-EU's EMPIN [UM] EU-ENTY [UMFLT]] I-EPlatform Against Criage Nod Crignous The Trignontions [FLTrogn ] iqhuba izicwangciso zomsebenzi zaminyaka leminyaka le nkonzo ezijolo libhekiswe kwizenzo zobugrogrisi, ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kumazwe abathengi, amapolisa, abaphathi-manygnophenti, amaqela amaqela amaqela okuphengulula amaqela okuphengulula anxulumene.

Ukwakhiwa noqeqesho

Amatyala amaninzi obugrogrisi aswele ucwangciso olusemthethweni, ii-alebbhu ze-onesi, okanye abasebenzi abanobuchule bokulwa nezisongelo ezintsonkothileyo. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe izalisa ezi zikhewu kwiinkqubo zokwakhiwa komsebenzi. I-OFUNI OF of Counter-Trorism (UNCRRORS) ikhupha uqeqesho olucacileyo lwelizwe kukhuseleko lomda, ilwamgaqo-skobhe, kunye nengxinano lwamalungelo abantu. Ukususela ngo-2017, i-UNCU.CIN iqeqeshe amagosa angaphezu kwe-10,000 kumazwe angaphezu kwe-120 000.

[[FLT: 0] ijolise kwi- nexus phakathi kobugrogrisi kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo lwamazwe ngamazwe, inikela iivesi zophando lwemali kunye nezobugrogrisi. I-Afrikan Union ye- African Center yeStudyation kunye nophengululo lobuGrogrisi [ACSRT] inika izilumkiso zangaphambili kunye nezikhokelo ezingcono zesebe lamazwe aseSahel alwane nobuchule bobugcisa bobugcisa. Le nkqubo ayihambisi nje kuphela ubuchule kodwa ikwakhuthaza impucuko eyahlukeneyo yentsebenziswano yezizwe ngezizwe.

Imisebenzi Yesakhelo Esemthethweni Noncedo Lomthetho

Ngaphandle kwemithetho elungelelanisiweyo, abagrogrisi bangabaleka ukutshutshiswa ngokunqumla imida. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe iqhuba ukudalwa kwezixhobo zomthetho jikelele. I-UN ivelise iindibano eziyi19 zehlabathi lonke eziphikisana nezobuphekula ezigquma zonke izinto ezisuka ekuphathweni kweenqwelo-moya ukuya kubugrogrisi benyukliya. UN Council Resotion [2001] ibophelela onke amazwe ekungeniseni intlawulo lwabanqolobi, iimpahla ezishicinezeneyo, nokukhanyela ikhusi elikhuselekileyo.

Iziqu zamangingqi ziyazixhasa ezi zixhobo zomhlaba wonke. IConvention yeYurophu ekuthinteleni ubuGqirha kunye [[FLT:]] nesigqibo sesakhelo sokulwa ubuGqwesi [[[FLT:]] sivumela iinkcazelo nezigwebo, ukwenza ukuba inkqubo ye-Eupane] isetyenziswe kwi-Warrant ukuze irhawulwe ubugrogrisi. INTERPOL’S Comment [[FLT:]] Isaziso esibomvu [FLT:]] [FLT]] i-enza ukuba i-endlalo, nangona iingxilonga zezobupolitika zingasebenzi.

Imali ejolise ekuhlaleni

Ukunqanda inkxaso-mali sisesona siseko sesixhobo esisebenzayo sokulwa nobugrogrisi. I-Act Task Towation Force (FATF), iqumrhu lesebe eliphakathi elimiselwe yiG7, limisela imilinganiselo yomhlaba wonke yokulwa imali egalelwa kunye nemali enxulumene negrogrisi. [[FLT:] 40] izincomo ziphawu lwebhekile ekumeleni ukuba i-okthrist. IBhunga lokhuseleko ligcina uluhlu lwabantu ngabanye kunye nezinto ezinxulumene ne-Al-Qida, ISIS, kunye ne-Taliban, ezifuna amalungu afuna ukutyhasha iimpahla zabo ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Isebenza, ukuphunyezwa kuyahluka. I-EU ikhuphe i-UN izivumo ezibotshelelweyo kwimimiselo ebophekayo, lo gama amazwe afana ne-United Arabhu e-Emitrates evezileyo edale iiUnit zemali ezikhethekileyo ( zemali) ezihlanganyela iingxelo ezithengiselwano ezikrokrelekayo ne-INTERPOL. Ezi nkqubo zigqunyiweyo zenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba abanqolobi bashe imali ngemijelo esesikweni, ezibanyanzelela kwiindlela zobugxwayiso.

Ucelomngeni Lokulungelelana Okuphumelelayo

Phezu kwayo nje iminyaka engamashumi enkqubela, umanyano lwamazwe ngamazwe lokulwa nezobuphekula luqhubeka lunemiqobo enciphisa amandla alo.

Iimfuno zeSizwe ezingafaniyo kunye neNkxaso yoBukhosi

Amazwe adibanisa imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo: ezinye zijolise ekuzinziseni umda, ezinye zijolise kwizinzo zezobupolitika okanye amalungelo abantu. Ezi zinto zibalulekileyo zinganqanda ukuvumelana. INdibano ye-UN [[FLT: 0] Jikelele , umzekelo, ayikwazanga ukuvumelana ngeConvention eQumrhu eliququzelela ubuGrogrisi obuManyeneyo ukususela ngoko 1996, ubukhulu becala ibangelwa yinkcaso yobugrogrisi kunye nomgangatho ongaphandle kwemibutho ekhululekileyo. Uxanduva lolawulo lungakhokelela kumazwe agxeka ubulumko, ukoyika okanye ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwabaphikisi.

Umahluko kwiinkqubo zomthetho neMigangatho yaMalungelo oLuntu

Naxa kuza kubakho ulungiso lwezomthetho, iinkqubo zomthetho zahluka kakhulu. Amazwe angoorhulumente angafuna imvume yokugweba izenzo ezigunyaziswa ngamazwe aqhelekileyo omthetho onegunya. Imithetho yokhuseleko logcino-lwazi, njenge-EU’S -Jily Data Protection Regastification (GDPR), ingakuthintela ukudluliselwa kogcino-lwazi lobuqu kumazwe amathathu angenazikhuseli ezifanelekileyo. Inkxalabo yomntu, njengomngcipheko wokuthuthunjiswa okanye izilingo ezingafanelekanga. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe kufuneka ihambele kwezi zivumelwano zemodeli zemigaqo yokwazana, kodwa inkqubo icotha.

Iindawo zokulala zikavimba kunye nemida yemithetho

Amazwe afumileyo angasebenzisa izixhobo eziphambili zokujonga kunye neeyunithi ezinikezelweyo zokhuselo lobunqolobi; amazwana anokuswela kwanee-database ezisisiseko zeminwe. Inkqubo ye-I-I-TERPOL ifikelela kuphela kumazwe angama-70% angamalungu, kwaye ezininzi zazo zinemiqathango elinganiselweyo okanye i-irn ephelelwe lixesha. Iinkqubo zolwakhiwo-ziko lokwakha lobudoda zifuna uncedo olungaphaya konikezelo. Imali ye-UN exhasa ubunqongopheleyo ihlala iphantsi kolawulo olungapheliyo, ixhomekeke kwiminikelo yokuzithandela eyandula kunyaka.

Iintshaba Zokuthemba Nobuntlola

Ubuntlola yimali amaziko adla ngokungafuni ukwabelana ngayo. Iimeko zoloyiko ezabelana ngolwazi ziyavuza, ziyalufumana, okanye zilalanisa imithombo kunye neendlela. Oku kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa xa intsebenziswano iphakathi kwentshaba, njengaphakathi kweRashiya kunye namalungu e-NATO. Ukuthetha oku, i-ETERPOL isebenzisa isaziso se- sobuluhlaza [ inkqubo yokulumkisa ngemisebenzi yolwaphulo-mthetho ngaphandle kokutyhila ubukrelekrele, kodwa izithethe ezisisigxilo zihlala zibekwe nzulu.

Ukuqhelana Nezisongelo Ezijikelezayo

Abadlali abangengomalungu ehlabathi baqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza kune-bureaucracy. Amaqela amaphekula ngoku asebenzisa ii-apps ezifihlakeleyo, ukufihla izithuba, kunye ne-intanethi yolwandiso lweqonga ngokukhawuleza kunee-internet ezinokuveliswa yimilinganiselo yokulwa. I-UNITP] I-Grobetics Isebenzisa i-Internet [[ inyathelo lokuthatha inyathelo lokuqhuba inkqubela ekusebenzisaneni neenkampani zobugcisa, kodwa izivumelwano zokuzithandela zinokungaqikelezinzi. Ngokufanayo, i-INTERPOLL's [FLT:] BBITYM neFENTYUTY[FLT] Iyunignotes [[FLTLT]] i-FG3] ilungele ukuqhuba umthamo wobuphicoko-manani ovela kwi-dromeedians.

Uhlolisiso Lwemeko: Impumelelo Nezifundo Ezifundiweyo

Ukuhlolisisa amanyathelo athile kusenza siqonde oko kusebenzayo, yaye oko kungancedi ngako, kuthintele ubunqolobi bezizwe ngezizwe.

Imfuneko Yokoyisa I - ISSIS Ehlabathini Lonke

Iqaliswe ngo-2014, iNgqungquthela yehlabathi ngoku iquka amaqabane angamashumi amabini anesithathu. Iqela layo lokusebenza [[FLT: 0] i-Interelligence Iqela elisebenzayo iyakwazi ukubulala i-IS, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubulaweni kwenkokeli ye-ISS, i-Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi ngo-2019. Iqela le-ISALILD [iP] I-ISFUNIL iphazamise iinkqubo ze-oyile, inciphisa ingeniso ethengisa nge-oyile, inyusa i-ISS kurhwebo olungaqhelekanga nge-90%. Kodwa impumelelo yomkhosi ayikhange isuse ingcamango; iiseli ze-layivier eIraq ne-S ziyaqhubeka ukuhlasela. Isifundo: klatine-east-ad tradition, kunye nomthetho-od syst.

Iprojekthi ye-InterPOL

Iphulo elibaleka ukususela ngowama-2020 ukuya kuma-2023, iProjeeger yagxininisa ekuthunyelelweni kwezixhobo ezincinane ezingekho mthethweni kumaqela abagrogrisi eSahel. Ngokudibanisa amapolisa, amasiko, kunye namasebe obuchule avela kumazwe angama-25, le projekthi yanceda u-450 ukubanjwa nokuphangwa kwezixhobo ezingama-3,500. Yabonisa ukuba kukho izithuba kwiimbumbulu ze-Unicast . Kodwa, iprojekthi yaphela emva komjikelo wenkxaso-mali, kwaye impumelelo emininzi eyakhe yarhoxa yarhoxa yarhoxa ithe. Oku kugxininisa imfuneko yokuzinziswa komsebenzi wemali oweminyaka emininzi, kunokuba iprojectss ezimele ixesha elingenayo.

Amanyathelo Okulwa Nobunqolobi BeEU

I-EU ivelise ukwakhiwa okubanzi: i- ye-UROPEN Counter Terrorism Centre (CT) ihlala ngaphakathi kwe-Europol, [ i-EUPNUN SPAN COUTY , kunye [[FLT]]PRRD [[FLT]]] I-PRGP [[FLT]] Ethelekelela [[FLT]]. Emva kwe- 2015 uhlaselo lwe-Paris], i-EURCP [intexp] enzulu interüm [[[FLT:], ivumela ukwabelana kwe-DNAMETY, kunye nobhaliso lwabiwo-omatilo-data. Kodwa, ukusetyenziswa kolawulo lwe-EUNICOP]

Icala lexesha elizayo: ubugcisa, umanyano kunye nolungiso

Ukuze ihlale isebenza, imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe imele itshintshe ihambelane nokutshintsha kwendlela abanqolobi abasebenza ngayo.

Ubuntlola obusebenzayo nogcino-lwazi olukhulu

Ingxolo enkulu yolwazi lwamanani isoyisa abahlalutyi abangabantu. Izixhobo ze-Al zinganceda i-triage ukuba ifumane iipateni zokuhamba kunye nogcino-lwazi lwemali, kwaye zichonge iimpawu zotshintsho kwi-media. INTERPOL] INVAL IMPAPAPAM[[[[FLT: 1]]] iphuhlisa umatshini wokuqhuba i-Al-divential abytics [ii-alytics zayo ikhankampani i-All [[FLT]] umatshini wokuhlola intetho. Noko ke, kufuneka i-unike imbonakalo, i-enzalisekile, kunye namalungelo okunqanda ukuthemba uwonke-wonke.

Umanyano

Iinkampani zobugcisa, amaziko emali, kunye namaqonga ezezentlalo-ntle anedata kunye nezixhobo oorhulumente abangenakukwazi ukuzilingisa. I-International Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism (GOUTCT). Isekelwe yiFacebook, YouTube, Tutter, kunye neMicrosoft //ngoku isebenza ishishini elinogcino-lwazi olunempembelelo egqithisileyo. I-UN inxuse intsebenziswano enzulu, kuquka izicelo zokwabelana ngemithetho ephakathi kunye nolwazi ngaphandle kokwabelana imfihlolo kumsebenzisi.

Ukuhambelana

Izicwangciso zehlabathi kufuneka zilungelelane nezinto zengingqi. I-African Union’s Nouakchott Programme ilungelelanisa ubuntlola kunye nentsebenziswano yomkhosi phakathi kweSahel ithi ilwa i-Al-Qaida kwi-Islam Maghreb (AIM) kunye namanye amaqela. Imodeli ye-[FULT] i-South Asian [[FULT]] i-ASIAN ye-Compoontation (SAARC)[FT:3] ineConvention yengingqi ekwi-Crialcureast, nangona ukwenziwa kwento ebuthathaka. Imodeli ye-Suptional ihlala ingumgangatho wegolide, kodwa eminye imibutho ifuna ukusetyenziswa kolawulo olulula.

Ubunqolobi Obubangelwa Yimichiza Nezisongelo Eziyigrogrisi

Uhlaselo lwexesha elizayo lungajolisa kwisiseko esibalulekileyo, unyulo, okanye iinkqubo zemali kwikhompyutha. Iqela le-UN Bingcali zoRhulumente (GGGG) kwi-i-computer ivelise izithethe zokuziphatha kukarhulumente, kodwa akukho sivumelwano esibambekayo. iCyber Diplomacy Tobox [ iquka ingqiniso yemijelo ye-inthanethi namakhonkco abagrogrisi. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe kufuneka ivene iinkcazelo ezidizamvo zahlukeneyo ze-injini, imithambo yezokuziphatha, kunye neziganeko ezibonisa izixeko.

Isiphelo

Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe idibene nemigudu yokulwa nobunqolobi edibanisa iinzame zelizwe lonke. Ngokwabelana ngemithetho yeqonga, imisebenzi edityanisiweyo, ukwakhiwa kolwazi, ukwakhiwa komsebenzi, ukujoliswe ekusemthethweni, kunye nokujoliswe kuko ngokwemali, zandisa ukusebenza kwamaphondo ngamanye kwaye zinciphisa izithuba apho amaphekula anokusebenza khona. Kodwa akuzenzeki ngokwayo; kufuneka inkxaso yezopolitiki, inkxaso eqhubekayo engokwasemthethweni, ulungelelwaniso olusemthethweni, kunye nokuzinzisa ngokuqhubekayo ubugcisa obutsha, iindlela zokwakha. Iengxaki //i-agnomenting, ukudiza, ukuthemba okukhoyo, ukuphelelwa kwemali, ukuthemba okuzinzileyo, ukungazinziswa kwemali, kodwa okungalawulekiyo. Ngokufunda kwimpumelelo ezweni ngokubanziwa yimisebenzi esemhlabeni jikelele kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana neengxaki.