Isizathu Sokuba Imithetho Yasekuhlaleni Ichaze Amalungelo Akho Angenamsebenzi

Ukunika ikhaya imvume yemali yenye yezona zibopho zibalulekileyo abantu abaninzi abazenzayo. Kodwa abanikazi abaninzi bathatha amalungelo abo afanayo kulo lonke ilizwe. Enyanisweni, amalungelo akho njengomgcini-ndlu axhomekeke kakhulu kwimithetho ethile yelizwe lakho, ingingqi, nesixeko. Ngoxa umthetho wesizwe unika isiseko esisisiseko ``njengesithintelo seFair Howarder' socalulo--"Act yomthetho wendawo ukugcwalisa iinkcukacha ezinzima. Balawula yonke into ukusuka kwindlela umnini-ndlu anokuyibiza ngayo imali yokhuseleko ukuze afumane imali ekufuneka ayibuyisele kuyo, oko bamele bakwenze, nendlela abamele bakwenze ngayo, nendlela abanokukulahla ngayo ngokusemthethweni.

Ukungahoyi imithetho yasekuhlaleni kungakushiya usengozini. Irenti ebonakala ingekho mthethweni kulawulo lwakho. Ngokuchasene noko, umnini-ndlu i̱ imfuno isenokuvunyelwa ngokupheleleyo apho uhlala khona kodwa ungekho mthethweni kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa nje. Ukuqonda indlela imithetho yasekuhlaleni ewalawula ngayo amava okuqesha akuyocebiso elilungileyo nje kuphela.

Imithetho Elawula Uluntu: Ummandla, Urhulumente, kunye noLonke

Umthetho olawulayo usebenza kumanqanaba amathathu. Imithetho yeSebe yeSizwe imisela imigaqo engeyoyamkelekanga. UMthetho weFair Houseswor alwaleli ucalucalulo olusekelwe kuhlanga, umbala, imvelaphi yesizwe, unqulo, isini, ubume bobufama, kunye nokukhubazeka. U.S. ISebe leJaji ligunyazisa lo mthetho. ngoko imithetho karhulumente yongeza omnye umaleko, ngokufuthi enika abaqeshiweyo amalungelo angaphezulu kunomthetho worhulumente ofunekayo. Umzekelo, amaziko amaninzi afuna abanini-fako ukuba banikele irente ebhaliweyo, bakhanka izihlandlo zobabalo lwemali ehlawulwayo, kunye nommiselo womva.

Imithetho yendawo ``imposiso edluliswa ngamabhunga esixeko, iibhodi zephondo, okanye umvoti womlinganiselo we-slator' --inika abaqeshi imigangatho engowona mkhuseli unamandla. Le yimithetho echaphazela ubomi obukhoyo ngqo: ukuqesha imida yokuqesha, nje into ebangela ukuba kurhoxiswe imithetho, inyanzelekile ukuba kuthunyelwe uncedo, kunye neemfuno zohlolo. Iyahluka kakhulu. Ikhantini yase Seattle inandipha amalungelo ahlukeneyo kune-ikhaltlet eHouston. Kwanakummandla omnye wesixeko, isixeko esifana ne-Oakland sinokuba neendawo ezikufuphi ezingakhuselekanga.

Isizathu Sokuba Imithetho Yasekuhlaleni Ibaluleke Kakhulu

Ngenxa yokuba imithetho karhulumente neyamarhulumente imisela imigangatho encinci, imithetho yasekuhlaleni idla ngokumisa oyena mntu uhlala eqesheni. Umthetho karhulumente usenokuthi umnini-khaya makabuyisele indawo yokhuseleko ngeentsuku ezingama-30, kodwa umthetho wesixeko unganciphisa oko kwiintsuku ezili-14 kwaye ufune ukuhlawuliswa kwezixhobo. Amasebe ezindlu zoluntu anika abahloli nabameli abasingatha izikhalazo. Ngaphandle kwemithetho eqinileyo yasekuhlaleni, abaqeshi basenokungabi nathuba lakwenza sicelo ngaphaya kwemfazwe yenkundla exabiso eliphezulu.

Iintlobo Eziqhelekileyo Zemithetho Yasekuhlaleni

Imithetho yasekuhlaleni ithetha ngeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yeentlungu phakathi kwabaqeshi kunye nabanikazi bendlu. Nazi iindidi ezinkulu onokudibana nazo.

Ulawulo Oluqinileyo Nokuzinza

Mhlawumbi ukhuseleko oluziindawo eziqhekekileyo zobulali lulawulo lwerente. Oku kulinganisela indlela ekufuneka ngayo ukuba umnini-ndlu andise ngayo irenti yonyaka ngamnye, okanye kwezinye iimeko, kuthintele ukwanda ngokupheleleyo. Izixeko ezinjenge New York, iSan Francisco, iLos Angeles, ne Washington, D.C., zinohlobo oluthile lolawulo lwerentente. Kodwa imithetho iyahluka. Umthetho wesiXeko saseNew York City usebenza kwizakhiwo ezakhiwe ngaphambi konyaka ka-197949 okanye ngaphezulu. Izakhiwo ze-San Francisco'Rent Ordinance zigqumathe izakhiwo ezininzi ezakhiwe ngaphambi konyaka ka1979. Kwalo , kwanelizwe elifana neKhalifoni, elidlula ikonti yelizwe (Ab172), izixeko nganye zinokugqith imida engqongqo. Umzekelo, ulawulo lweLos AngelesName lusebenza kwisakhiwo sokuqesha isakhiwo sakhiwe ngaphambi kook-OktobhayGenegame.

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo eqeshiweyo, irente yakho mayichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba iyunithi iphantsi kwale mithetho. Abalawuli kufuneka babhalise kwibhodi yerente yasekuhlaleni kwaye banokujongwa kwizisohlwayo zolwando olungekho mthethweni. I-hens allustrant zingafumana izikhalazo ze zifumane intlawulo ezithe zagqithisa.

Imithetho yokhuseleko evumelekileyo

Imithetho yendawo igcina ugcino lwerente. Amanye amazwe alinganisela ugcino lwemali lwerente yeenyanga ezimbini; amadolobha anjenge amagunya amaninzi ahamba ngaphezulu. Umzekelo, eSan Francisco, ufako lwendlu engakhange itshatiswe ayinakudlula kwirente yenyanga enye. E Boston, umlinganiselo yirente yenyanga enye, kwaye umnini-mali kufuneka ahlawule inzala ekhoyo. Imithetho yasekuhlaleni iphinda ichaze ukuba umbambo umele ubuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva kokuhamba-----phuma [1] Ngokufuthi 14 ukuya iintsuku ezingama-30. Ukugatya oku kungakhokelela kwintengo zemali ezi mvume zemali. Ukuchasa le mithetho kungakhokelela kwintengo yemali ehlawulo (i-proctive reserties) kwinkundla.

Iinkqubo zoNcedo kunye neeMfuno zoLuntu

Izixeko ezininzi ziye zamisela “unobangela wokugxotha” amasiko. Oku kuthetha ukuba umnini-ndlu akanakumgxotha umninindlu ngaphandle kwesizathu esisemthethweni esisemthethweni, njengokungahlawulwa kwerente, ukuxhatshazwa, okanye umnini-mzi ohambayo. Ngaphandle nje kwesizathu sokhuseleko, umnini-nyanga ukuya kwinyanga-----nenyanga angakhupha nasiphi na isizathu (okanye akukho sizathu) ngesaziso esifanelekileyo. Izixeko ezifana neSeattleattle, iPortland, kunye neBerkeley zifuna nje isizathu. Le mithetho idla ngokubeka amaxesha aphantsi esazisilumkiso somzekelo, 60 okanye 90, iintsuku zokungahambi ngenyanga. Zingafuna ukubuyiselwa ukurhoxiswa kwemali eqeshiweyo ngabahlali bezinto ezingekho zingasebenzi.

Imigangatho esebenzisekayo kunye nokulungisa

Kuzo zonke iindawo ezilawulayo kukho “ukuvunywa kokuhlala." okubophelela abanini-ndlu ukuba bagcine izindlu ezikhuselekileyo nezicocekileyo. Imithetho yendawo ichaza kakuhle oko kuthethwayo: ukusebenza kwemibhobho, ukufudumeza, umbane, ukulahla umgqomo ofanelekileyo, ukulahla izinambuzane, kunye nokuthembeka kwesakhiwo. Ezinye izixeko zifuna uhlolo lwaminyaka le(umz., iinkqubo zokuqesha). Ukuba umnini-ndlu akakwazi ukwenza ulungiso oluyimfuneko, abaqeshi bendlu banokuba nelungelo lokuvala irente, lokulungisa nokuphelisa irente, okanye lokuphelisa irente. Noko ke, iinkqubo ezithile ziyahluka. Kwezinye iindawo, kufuneka unike isaziso esibhaliweyo kwaye uvumele ixesha elifanelekileyo lokulungisa ngaphambi kokuba uthathe inyathelo.

Ukhuseleko loMlawuli womhlaba

Akuvumelekanga ukuba umnini-ndlu aphindezele kumninindlu ngokusebenzisa amalungelo awo .ukubika ulwaphuko lwekhowudi, ukudibanisa umbutho osebenza kwindawo ephantsi kwesiseko, okanye ukukhalaza ngeemeko ezingekho semthethweni. Imithetho yasekuhlaleni idla ngokwandisa ukhuseleko olungaphaya kwemigangatho karhulumente okanye karhulumente. Umzekelo, ezinye izixeko ziyaziphindezela ukuba ukugxothwa kwenzeka ngeentsuku ezingama-60 ukuya kwi-180 emva kwefayile ze-intshi. Amalond kufuneka abonise ukuba anesizathu esisemthethweni, esingangenisiko soburhulumente.

Izindlu Ezintle nezihlomelo ezichaseneyo nongquzulwano

ISigqeba soMthetho weFair House ugquma iiklasi ezikhuselweyo kumgangatho wesizwe. Kodwa imithetho yasekuhlaleni isoloko idibanisa iindidi ezikhuselweyo, njengomthombo wengeniso (kuquka iCandelo lesi-8 se-criptorers), imbonakalo yesini, ubudoda bokufuduka, iminyaka, okanye umsebenzi. Ezinye izixeko zifuna abemi bendlu ukuba bamkele inkxaso-mali okanye bathintele ucalucalucalucalulo kwiintsapho nabantwana. Umzekelo, uSeattle noSan Francisco bano “nomthombo wengeniso” oluyenza ingabi namthetho ukulahla umntu ohlala apho ngenxa yokuba basebenzisa inkampani yendlu.

Indlela Yophanda Imithetho Yakho Yasekuhlaleni

Ukufumana imithetho ekwindawo ohlala kuyo akufuni sidangaliso somthetho.Qalisa ngala manyathelo.

Ukutyelela Iiwebhsayithi zikarhulumente

Isixeko sakho okanye i-website karhulumente wengingqi yakho iqhelekile inendawo yokuhlala okanye iphepha lamalungelo. Jonga kwi- “Isebe Leenkonzo,” okanye“Isebe Leenkonzo,” izixeko ezininzi zipapasha izikhokelo ezicacileyo zolwimi, iileta, kwaye zisoloko zibuza imibuzo. Umzekelo, i-San Francisco Tenants Union inika ubuncwane obubanzi. Ulwazi lwaseburhulumenteni, [[FFLT:2].S.

IiNtlanganiso zoNcedo olungokwasemthethweni

Iikliniki zoncedo olusemthethweni ezingangeni ngeniso zinika amacebiso ngokukhululekileyo okanye aphantsi. Amaqela afana ne-Legal Aid Society (New York City), iiNkonzo zoMgangatho zaseMntla Khalifoniya, okanye iKomiti yamaLawyers yaMalungelo oluntu isoloko iqhuba i-atrogrim ehamba-hamba-hamba. Angawachaza amalungelo akho asekuhlaleni kwaye akuncede ukuba ufune iileta zokubhala.

Kwiintlanganiso okanye kwiiholo zemisebenzi

Izixeko ezininzi zinemibutho ekwindawo ephezulu okanye imibutho. La maqela anezingca asebenza kwindawo zokusebenzela, apapasha uhlaziyo ngemithetho emitsha, kwaye akhuthaza ukukhusela okomeleleyo. Ukuya kwintlanganiso kungakudibanisa nabanye abajongene neengxaki ezifanayo.

Funda Isifo Sakho Ngobulumko

Irejista yakho ingabhekisela kwimithetho ethile yasekuhlaleni (ngomzekelo, “Le yunithi iphantsi komgaqo-siseko weRent Enducation Ordinance” okanye“ Indawo yokugcina ukhuseleko egcinwe kwisahluko seKhodi yeSixeko 123.” Ukuba ireji yakho ikhankanya inani lemithetho yeSixeko, yijonge kwi-intanethi. Irenti ayinakuwugqitha umthetho wasekuhlaleni; ukuba irejithe yophula umthetho wasekuhlaleni, elo binzana alinyanzelekanga.

Oko Umele Ukwenze Ukuba Amalungelo Akho Aphulwayo

Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba umninimzi waphula amalungelo akho, yenza ngendlela efanelekileyo.

  1. [[FLT: 0] Yonke into yoxwebhu. Gcina imibhalo yerenti yakho, iilitishi, ii-imeyili, imiyalezo yokubhaliweyo, kunye neefoto zengxaki. Qaphela imihla namaxesha encoko.
  2. thumela isikhalazo esibhaliweyo. Sebenzisa iposi eqinisekisiweyo okanye i-imeyili kunye nelisithi efundwayo. Simisele ngokucacileyo ingxaki kwaye ubhekise ubhekiso olungqalileyo lomthetho okholelwa ukuba uyaphulwa.
  3. Celana nesebe leendawo zokuhlala ezikufutshane. izixeko ezininzi zinamagosa agcina ikhowudi anokuhlola iyunithi yakho nemiyalelo yokukhupha kwindlu.
  4. i-injini eshushu. Imibutho yoncedo olusemthethweni isoloko ineelayini ezishushu ezikhululekileyo ezinika icebiso elikhethekileyo kwisixeko sakho.
  5. [[UMTL: 0] Hlola uphando. Ezinye izixeko zinikela iinkonzo zesisa phakathi kwabaphathi kunye nabanini-ndlu ngamaziko engxubusho yoluntu.
  6. [[FLT: 0] Indlu yefreyithi okanye ulungiso kunye nededuct/kuphela ukuba imithetho yakho yasekuhlaleni iyakuvumela. Ungaze ukwenze oku ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa kuqala inkqubo. Impazamo ingakhokelela ekugxothweni.
  7. Funa umelo olusemthethweni. Ukuba umba uyanda, igqwetha elinolwazi ngomthetho wangaphandle linganceda. Uninzi lusebenza kumrhumo ogunyaziswayo okanye lunika ukhangelo lwamahala lokuqala.

Iimeko Ezikhethekileyo: ICHOVAD-19, Iintlekele Zemvelo, kunye NeeMoratoriums Ezintsonkothileyo

Imithetho yendawo ingatshintsha ngokukhawuleza ngexesha longxamiseko. Ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19, izixeko ezininzi kunye namazwana amisela iprojekthi yokugxotha iprojekthi yexeshana, ukuqesha imithetho eshinyeneyo, kunye nemigaqo yokukhusela abaqeshi be-Tenant Privity abangakwazi ukuhlawula ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi. Eminye yale mithetho iyasebenza, nangona ikwimo elungisiweyo. Umzekelo, i-COVID-19 ye-Emergency REMPICODING program (CERAP) kunye noMthetho we-Tenant Priboard Privity Act wakhusela ukungahlawuli kwemali ngexesha likaxakeka. I-Tenantsss eLos Angeles isenokufaka isicelo sokuhlawulela imvume kwaye ikhuselekile ekuhlwisweni de kube ngumhla othile xa benomsebenzi obekiwe.

Ngokufanayo, emva kweentlekele zemvelo ezifana nezikhukula, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni badla ngokukhupha imvume yokuqesha izihlandlo ezithile baze badlulisele isaziso.

Izivumelwano Zokoyisa Nomthetho Wasekuhlaleni: Oko Simele Sikulinde

Kwanerenti ebhalwe kakuhle mayihambisane nemithetho yasekuhlaleni. Jonga ezi zirhintyelo ziqhelekileyo.

  • [[FLT: 0] Umgcini-goci wamalungelo: Umninindlu akanakukwenza utyikitye ilungelo elinikwe ngumthetho wasekuhlaleni. Ukuba irente ithi “Uyavuma ukuwahlutha onke amalungelo okuyeka ukuqesha, kodwa isixeko sakho sivumela ukuqesha irente ukubopha ukulungisa, ukuba igatya liphuthile.
  • Imali esemva engekho mthethweni: Ezinye izixeko zifaka iimali zamva (umz., ingadluli ngaphezu kwama-50 okanye 5% erente). Ityala elihlawula imali epheleleyo emalunga ne-R350 okanye i-100% yemali ehlawulwayo lisenokuba alikho mthethweni.
  • Izigwebo ezikhawulezileyo zokuphelisa: Ukuba uyalwaphula uxwebhu ngenxa yogonyamelo lwasekhaya, ukuthunyelwa komkhosi, okanye iimeko ezingakhuselekanga, imithetho emininzi yasekuhlaleni ikuvumela ukuba uphelise ngaphandle kwesohlwayo.
  • Iimfuno zokwazisa: AmaMondloster kufuneka anike isaziso esisengqiqweni phambi kokungena kwiqela lakho(idla ngokuba ziiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48, kodwa ezinye izixeko zifuna isaziso esibhaliweyo.

Oovimba Bonke Abafanele Babazi

Imithombo emininzi enokuthenjwa inokukunceda uqonde uze unyanzelise amalungelo akho.

  • [[UMTL: 0] Iphepha lamaLungelo le-HID – Imboniselo yokhuseleko noqhagamshelwano lwezwe nomanyano kwii-ofisi ze-HUD.
  • iSiko loMthetho weNolo - amanqaku acacileyo-ngesiNgesi akwindawo yokhuseleko, ukususwa, kunye nokuhlaziywa, zihlaziywe ngolwazi olungqaleneyo lwemo.
  • Imanyano ye Bar yendawo ehlalayo – abaninzi banika igqwetha iinkonzo ze-arhente yemiba ye-intenant, ngokufuthi ngokudibana kokuqala okuphantsi.
  • I-State Attorney General’s Office - ishicilela iincwadi zencwadi zolawulo lwendawo kwaye inyanzelisa imithetho yokhuseleko lwabathengi.
  • I-Tenant Union / Tenantss Andawonye – umbutho wamalungelo elizwe lonke laseKhalifoniya unika uonobumba bomzekelo kunye nohlaziyo lomthetho.
  • IiNkonzo zomthetho eziququzelelayo – Ukungazifaki ngeniso nee-ofisi kwizixeko ezininzi ezikhulu, ukunikela uncedo olusemthethweni olukhululekileyo kwinginginya ezifumana imali ephantsi.

Isiphelo

Imithetho yasekuhlaleni yindawo ekhuselweyo yamalungelo akhoyo. Imisela ukuba irente inganyuka kangakanani, ukuba ingakhawuleza kangakanani na indawo yokhuseleko ebekwe kuyo, oko kufuneka umnini-ndlu akwenze, nendlela yokulungisa ikhefu elinokuqhubeka ngayo. Ngelixesha imithetho karhulumente neyarhulumente inika umnatha wokhuseleko, sisixeko sakho okanye urhulumente wengingqi onegunya elithe ngqo kumava akho okuqeshwa kwakho. Ukuthatha ixesha lokukhangela imithetho esebenza kwidilesi yakho kunguvimba omncinane onokuthi ukukusindise kwimali enzima nakwiimvakalelo. Hlala usazi, uxwebhu, ungaze ungoyiki ukucela uncedo kumaziko amaninzi ocelela abaqeshiweyo. Ukukhangela imithetho esetyenziswa yimeko eyingozi.