IOath EnguMongameli: Igosa Elibalulekileyo Lokuthabatha Inyathelo Kwimbali YaseMerika

Kwiminyaka emine, ilizwe linqumama ukunikela ubungqina bokumiselwa komthetho-siseko okunzulu: ukukhokelwa kwedemokhrasi entsha. Isifungo somongameli wesikhundla, esiqulunqwe kwiGatya II lomGaqo-siseko, singaphezulu kakhulu kunento eyenzekayo ngokwesithethe. Sisindululo sasesidlangalaleni sokuzibophelelela ulawulo lomthetho, intlalo-ntle yabantu, nokunyamezela kwedemokhrasi yamaMelika. Kwizizukulwana, amazwi esi sifungo — kunye nemisitho esisiqhubiso — siye sasebenza njengesizathu esinamandla sokubophela iso soluntu, sikhumbuza abemi ukuba idemokhrasi asilo nje elingelulo kodwa yimbopheleleko esebenzayo. Ukusukela kwivoti yokuqala evoti yengi yabantu, izifungo zomvolo zalethulelo zasekuhlaleni, izifungo ziyaqhubeka ukugqelela indlela abahlala ngayo abantu baseMerika.

Imvelaphi yomGaqo-siseko weSibonda nenjongo Yaso

Abaqulunqi bomGaqo-siseko baqonda ukuba amandla olawulo oluphezulu ayefuna isithembiso esibonakalayo, esinyanzelisayo. Amazwi angqalileyo — “Ndifunga ngokunzulu (okanye ndiqinisekisa) ukuba ndiza kuphumeza ngokuthembeka i-Ofisi kaMongameli wase-United States, kwaye ndiza kusebenzisa ngcono ubuchule bam, ndigcine, ndikhusele kwaye ndikhusele umGaqo-siseko wase-United States” — ayenzelwe ukumisa umongameli kumthetho, kungekhona kwintelekelelo yobuntu okanye isifungo. Esi sisifungo kuphela esifunwa nguMgaqo-siseko womntu onegunya, esiphakamisa ukubaluleka kwalo.

Kodwa ukuqukunjelwa kwesifungo kudlulela ngaphaya kombhalo osemthethweni. Ngumnqophiso wasesidlangalaleni phakathi komongameli kunye nabalawulwa. Xa inkokeli entsha ibeka isandla kwiBhayibhile, ifarloom yentsapho, okanye kwanencwadi yomthetho, esi senzo sifanekisela ukugqithiselwa kokuthemba. Sibonisa ukuba umphathi wesifungo uphendula igunya eliphezulu, kwaye, ngalo, abantu. Esi sifuziselo sikhuthaza ummi ngamnye ukuba acinge ngolwalamano lwakhe noxwebhu olusunguliweyo lohlanga kunye nemisebenzi oluyiyo.

Isizathu Sokuba Imfihlelo Iphefumle Ngaphezu Komongameli

Ulwimi lwesifungo alunyanzelisi abemi ukuba benze okuthile, kodwa umbizane womhlaba ukhulisa amathemba. Xa umongameli ethembisa “ukukhusela nokukhusela” umGaqo-siseko, abemi bakhunjulwa ukuba umGaqo-siseko uyawalondoloza, uyawakhusela, kwaye uyawakhusela amalungelo abo, kwaye asebenzise imijikelo yokunikezelwa kwawo ukukhuthaza imfundo kunye nokuvota, nangona amaqela asekuhlaleni esoloko esenza “izifungo zezezopolitiko. Izivumelwano zoluntu zisenza iziganeko ezithelekelele ekuhleni apho amalungu ethobeni, inkonzo ye-vhovisi, okanye ibhodi yesikolo enenxaxheba. Umongameli umele abonise ukubonakalisa ulawulo lwelizwe, lonto enokuthi:

Iingcuka Ezingokwembali: Iintetho Eziye Zaluqhwabel ’ Uhlanga

Ngoxa isifungo ngokwaso singamazwi angama-35 kuphela, iidilesi zokuqala ezilandelayo ziye zaguqulela ngokwembali imigaqo yaso kwisenzo soluntu. Oomongameli abaliqela babonakala ngendlela abasebenzisa ngayo isifungo kungekuphela nje njengotshintsho lwamandla, kodwa njengesixhobo sokundulula ukulungiselela umkhosi wesizwe.

I-Franklin D. Roosevelt: I-Oath njengesicelo senkonzo yesizwe

Xa uFranklin D. Roosevelt wafungayo ngoMatshi 1933, uhlanga lwalukwindawo enzulu yoxinzelelo olukhulu lomoya. Ukungasebenzi kwakungaphaya kwe-20%, iibhanki zazisilela, kwaye uluntu lungaqinisekanga. Kwidilesi yakhe yokuqala yokuvula isikolo. "I-Rooosevelt" yanikezelwa ngokukhawuleza emva kwesifungo , yavakalisa ngokudumileyo ukuba “kuphela kwento esimele sisoyike. Kodwa kwakhona wakhupha ucelomngeni olungqalileyo: “Lelizwe licela inyathelo, kwaye lisenza umsebenzi. Olo nxulumano lwadlula kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente. Yabangela igalelo loluntu, kuquka ukunyuka kwesongasese (CCC), apho izigidi zabafana ezizinikeleyo ukuba bakhe ipaki, iindlela, namahlathi. Ukufusha kwaso kwaziwa kwalathisa i-debe zixhobo zabo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwabo ngelizwana. [5]

UJohn F. Kennedy: IOath njengeNtokom ’ Entlaninge

Akukho mongameli uthe wasidibanisa ngokunempumelelo isifungo sokuganana kwesizwe njengoJohn F Kennedy. NgoJanuwari 20, 1961, emva kokufunga isithembiso somgaqo-siseko, uKennedy wanikela idilesi eyakuchaza isizukulwana. Umyalelo wakhe odumileyo . "Ungafuni oko ilizwe lakho linokukwenzela kona ."Aphosa oko ungenza kwilizwe lakho." yaye ingeyontambo yokulahla. [FLD] iKennedy ithe: Ndifunge ukukhusela umGaqo-siseko; ngoku kufuneka ufunge ukuba ukhusele idemokhrasi ngesenzo. Isiphumo selizwe lakho yayinguVista (iinguqulelo yelizwe yoxolo), kwaye igalelo lweziquququ ezisayo namhlanje. [FLDicerse] [FUlm]

URonald Reagan: Ukuphinda Uvuselele Ikratshi

Ukwenziwa kokuqala kukaRonald Reagan ngo-1 1981 kwathi thaaa ngexesha lokungaqiniseki kwezoqoqosho kunye nokuphelelwa yintembelo. Kwintetho yakhe, uReagan wagxininisa indima yesifungo sokuvuselela “ukudibana kwethu.” Wafaka isifungo soburhulumente kungekhona njengomthwalo kodwa njengembonakaliso yokuthand ’ izwe. “Siluhlanga olunorhulumente /ayiyo enye indlela,” wathi:“ Lixesha lokuhlola nokubuyisela ulwando lorhulumente olubonisa iimpawu zokukhula okungaphaya kwemvume yokulawulwa.” Esi sigidi sikhuthaza igalelo elitsha lokuthatha inxaxheba kwezopolitiko zezopolitiko, ukusuka kwiqela lengini lengi. Ukufunga, kwizenzo zobulali.

Ibharack Obama: Isibhaxo njengokubonakaliswa Kwemfazwe Ekwabelwana Ngayo

Isifungo sikaBarack Obama sango 2009 .Wakhutshwa nguMgwebi omkhulu uJohn Roberts ngokukhubeka okuncinane, waba lixesha elifundisekayo lokunyaniseka kwinkqubo yomgaqo-siseko. Ukuphinda sifungo ngosuku olulandelayo kwakusisifundo sokuthobeka koluntu kunye nomthetho. Obama wadibanisa isifungo sobuhlanga kunye nomthetho. “Umyalezo ovunyiweyo we-Oma ngoku, ufikelwe lixesha lokubeka kude izinto zobuntwana,” wakhuthaza amaMelika ukuba aqhubele phambili kwinkonzo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinyathelo elifana noweweeNtshona Kolorps, kunye nokhuthu oluphambili kwizicelo zeAmericorps. Obama wanxibelelana isifungo esicacileyo kwimbopheleleko yommi, esithi,“ Okufunekayo kuthi ngoku lixesha elitsha lokuzibeka iimbopheleleko, , yinxalenye nganye yemisebenzi, nenxalenye yeMelika, nemisebenzi yethu, nemisebenzi yethu ngokwesizwe.

Umatshini wokuphefumlela: Indlela I-oathdrives ezithabatha ngayo inxaxheba

Isigqibo sikamongameli asiyonto ingaqhelekanga, sisebenza kwiindlela eziliqela ezingqineke zikho nabaphengululi neenkokeli zebutho labantu.

Amasiko Ahlukeneyo Nomanyano Lwesizwe

Umsitho wokunikezelwa, onesifungo esisembindini wawo, ngomnye wemibhiyozo embalwa yesizwe enyanisweni kubomi baseMerika. Ukubukela isiganeko esifanayo, kwangaxeshanye, kudala imvakalelo yamava adibeneyo. Oko kwabelana ngomzuzu kunganciphisa imiqobo yokuba nenxaxheba kwezentlalo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba izithethe ezinkulu zezobupolitika zinyusa ukuthembana kwezentlalo kunye nokuziva ungomnye, nto leyo ngokutshintshayo inxulumene nenani eliphezulu lenkonzo, ukunikela, kunye nokuvota. Uphando lwangaphakathi luthi [ IZiko lophando lophando lwaseluthiwe kwi 201%, ngaphezu kwama-60% amaMerika athi aziva uluvo olutsha lwethemba oluye lwabangela ukuba luguqulelwe kwisenzo soluntu.

Ukumiselwa kokhokelo

Isifungo simisela isithethe sikawonke-wonke: iinkokeli ziya kuphendula kumthetho, hayi kumabhongo azo. Xa abemi bebona umongameli ezithobela esi sithembiso, siqinisa ingcamango yokuba ukuphatha isikhundla kuyinto ethembekileyo, hayi umvuzo. Oku kukhuthaza abemi ukuba bagcine amagosa anyuliweyo kuwo onke amanqanaba afanayo. Iziganeko zasekuhlaleni “ukulungisa iziganeko”, apho amalungu ebhunga okanye amabhunga athembekileyo athenjiswa izifungo zabo phambi kolawulo lwama-Equant, ziba ziindlela eziqhelekileyo zokukhuthaza ukuthembana kwabemi nokuthatha inxaxheba kulawulo lwasekuhlaleni.

Ukwenza “Isakhiwo semvume” senkonzo

AmaMerika amaninzi ayathandabuza ukuncedisa okanye abandakanyeke kwezobupolitika kuba evakalelwa kukuba aswele imvume okanye ulwalathiso. Isifungo somongameli, ingakumbi xa sinyuswe lubizo lukamongameli lokuya kukhonza, sisusa olo mathandabuzo. Ucelomngeni lukaKennedy lwanika izigidi imvume yokujoyina i-Props. Ngokufanayo, uGeorge H.W. “iiwaka lamanqaku okukhanya” entetho ```ukuthetha'''''''. Ikhutshwe ngqo emva kwesifungo sakhe sonyaka ka-1989, esiye sakhuthaza izigidi zamatsha - ntliziyo. Isifungo siba yimvume kawonke:“ Imicimbi yenu, kwaye nankuphi naku."

Amagama Angexesha: Isifungo Kwixesha Lamanani

Kwinkulungwane yama-21, isifungo somongameli siye safumana ubomi obutsha ngonxibelelwano lwezentlalo, ukuqukuqela, kunye namaphulo engcakazo. Unikezelo lwama-2021, olwaqhutywa ngexesha lesifo esingubhubhani, lwajongwa ngababukeli bakamabonwakude abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-33 kunye nezigidi ezingaphezulu kwi-intanethi. Kodwa ngaphaya komboniso, isifungo ngokwaso saba sisenzo sobungangamsha. Iphulo lezentlalo ebizwa ngokuba “#Oat Formerica” yakhuthaza abantu ukuba babhale “izifungo zabo siqu” ezibodwa ukuba bavote, basebenzele, basebenze, banqamle amacandelo. Imibutho engaholiyo enjenge [[FLT:] COP [FLD]] COP [FLD]] . [FLT]

Uluntu lwasekuhlaleni luye lwavisisanisa esi sithethe. Kumazwe amaninzi, imibhiyozo yendalo ngoku ibandakanya uhlobo lwesifungo somongameli, idibanisa abemi abatsha kwisithembiso esifanayo neso somongameli abasandul' ukufunga. Izikolo zifaka intlawulo zentelekelelo apho abafundi bacengcelela isifungo, baze baxubushe oko banokukwenzela abantu babo. Le microthess ikhulisa umyalezo wama-macrous: isifungo asingoomongameli kuphela.

Isifundo setyala: Ubhaliso lweOath neNtlalo yoLutsha lwama-2021

Ngexesha lonikezelo lonyaka wama-2021, unxulumano phakathi kweRock the Vote kunye nezibhengezo ezininzi ze-adistiki zakhupha “ISifungo sokuya Vote”. Lisebenzisa izijungqe zesifungo, eli phulo laqhuba ubhaliso olutsha olungaphezulu kwe-100 000 kwiveki elandelayo kaJanuwari 20. Ikloko yeli phulo yasicaphula ngqo isifungo esithi: “Uya, khusela, ukhusele, ukhusele ilungelo lakho lokuvota.” Lo mzekelo ubonisa indlela isifungo esinokusinqumla ngayo ngengxolo yezobupolitika kwaye ujolise ingqalelo kwimo enye, esebenzayo yomanyano.

Ucelomngeni Nokugxekwa: Xa Isifungo Singaphumeleli

Kungaba bubudenge ukuthembisa isifungo somongameli siphembelela bonke abantu. Kwixesha lokudityaniswa okugqithisileyo, abemi abaninzi bakujonga ngokukrwada ukufungisana ngesifungo (njengoko kuyinto engazange ibangele ukuphenduliswa ngokwenene. Xa oomongameli bethathwa njengokwaphula umoya wesifungo (ngokuqhatha komphathi ophezulu, ihlazo, okanye ukungahoywa kwemisebenzi), iziphumo zingaba kukuthomalalisa uluntu kunokuba ziphenjelelwe. Ihlazo leWatergate, umzekelo, likhokelela ekuncipheni ngokunzulu ekuthembeni abantu okwathatha iminyaka emininzi ukuphinda kwakhiwe. Kodwa kwanakwezo iintsuku eziphantsi, eso sifungo siye sangqinwa yimeko engqinekade ingulo yokuba abagxeki besenza isifungo njengoko umgangatho ubonisa ukuba lihlala likho umgangatho onamandla wolawulo oluchasene nokhokelo.

Olunye ucelomngeni lukufumaneka. KumaMelika amaninzi amatsha, abafundi bolwimi lwesiNgesi, okanye abantwana abaselula, isifungo esisetyenziswa mandulo (“ukuze ndikwazi ukufikelela intsingiselo yaso”) singadida. Iintlangano ezifana ne- yesizwe uManyano lwe-Civic luphuhlise iinguqulelo zolwimi olucacileyo lwesifungo kunye nesifundo esihambisana nesifundo ukwenza intsingiselo yaso ibhaqo elilula. Le migudu ibalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifungo sifumaneka kwimigca yokwandiswa.

Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo: Indlela Onokuyisebenzisa Ngayo Ibhanti Ukuze Ukhulise Ilungu Loluntu Lwakho

Isifungo somongameli asingomfanekiso nje ongokwembali okanye isiganeko sejelo-ndaba, kodwa sinokuba luncedo kuququzelela uluntu, kubafundisi-lwazi, nakwiinkokeli zasekuhlaleni. Nanga amaqhinga anokusetyenziswa athathwe kwiinkqubo eziphumeleleyo kulo lonke ilizwe.

Hoxa “Ubusuku Bobusuku Besiqhubi-tsobhini”

Kwiiveki ezikufutshane nokunikezelwa, cwangcisa isiganeko apho amalungu oluntu abhala izifungo zawo zobuqu zobumi. Qonda izikhokelo eziquka izithembiso zokuvota kuzo zonke iinkomfa, ukuya kwiintlanganiso zeholo yedolophu, okanye ukubophela kwimimandla ekufutshane yokutya. Bandakanye izifungo zabo esidlangalaleni, ubangele ukuphendula nokufezekisa injongo yoluntu. Iincwadi ezininzi kunye namaziko ebutho labantu ziye zabangela impumelelo enkulu ezo ziganeko.

Phelisa i-Oath kwi-RGB

Xa ubhalisa abavoti abatsha, bacele ukuba bafunde okanye baphinde uhlobo olulungisiweyo lwesifungo somongameli: “Ndifunga ngokunzulu ukuba ndiza kulisebenzisa ngokuthembeka ilungelo lam lokuvota, kwaye kangangoko kusemandleni am, ndizazise ngemibandela kunye nabavoti.” Esi senzo silula songeza ubunzima kwinkqubo yobhaliso kwaye sandise amathuba okuba umvoti omtsha azakujika. Ugcino-lwazi olusuka ku-. lucebisa ukuba ukongeza inyathelo lozibophelelo lobuqu lunganyusela ukunyuka ngo-5%.

Sebenzisa Isifungo Solutsha Kwimfundo Yolutsha

Abafundisi bangaziqhekeza izifungo ezingundoqo ezintathu: ukwenza, ukugcina, ukukhusela, nokukhusela. Cela abafundi ukuba benze uphando ngomongameli ophile ngokuvisisana nesithembiso ngasinye okanye lowo waphosakele. Emva koko abafundi babhale isincoko esifutshane ngendlela abanokusigcina ngayo “sikhusele, sikhusele, kwaye sikhusele” umGaqo-siseko kubomi babo ngokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, ngokusebenza kwejaji, okanye ngokuncedisana kwengingqi. Oku kunyusa ukuqonda nokunxibelelana nembali kwizenzo.

I-Adream yoNyaka kunye neNtlalo-ntle yeNtshona Koloni

Yenza ividiyo emfutshane echaza imbali yesifungo kwaye ukhuthaza ababukeli: “Yintoni enye oza kuyenzela ilizwe lakho kulo nyaka?" Sebenzisa i-hashtag eguquguqukayo. Khuthaza abaxhasi basekuhlaleni ukuba babe nenxaxheba. Ngexesha lokunikezelwa konikezelo olulandelayo, le mveliso ingenza uvukelo lokuzithandela okanye iphulo lokuvota.

Ingxowa Elubizo Lobomi Bwonke

Isifungo somongameli asiyontetho. Sisithembiso esingcwele esivakalayo ngaphaya koSuku lokuTshabalalisa. Sikhumbuza wonke umMelika ukuba umGaqo-siseko usisisixhobo esiphilayo, kwaye amandla awo axhomekeke kwimisebenzi, ulwazi, kunye nokubotshwa kobumi. Ukusuka kwi-FDR ukuqokelela kwabasebenzi abaya kuMhlabelo kaKennedy, isifungo siye sangqina ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba uyakwazi ukushukumisela abantu ekubeni bangababukeli ukuba babe ngababukeli. Kwisizukulwana sokuphelelwa kwethemba kunye nokunyuka kobugqwebi, isifungo sinika isizathu esinqabileyo: ukuzinikela kwimigaqo ekwabelanayo kwisizukulwana esigqitha ulawulo.

Amandla okwenyaniso esifungo akaxhomekekanga kumazwi kamongameli, kodwa koko loo mazwi abangela abantu abazivayo. Xa abemi bevakalelwa ngobunzima beso sithembiso, basenokuhambela phambili(-*ukuvota, ukuvota, ukuthetha, ukuquqela. Isifungo somongameli sithetha ngokutsha, sisebenza ngokutsha, siyakwazi ukuvuselela intlalo-ntle, lowo unamandla okukhuthaza ukuganana kuzo zonke isizukulwana. Umbuzo awuthi mhlawumbi isifungo siyakwazi ukuphembelela ngamaxesha onke.