Uxolo Oluphawulekayo Lwakhelwa Kwimbali Ebuhlungu

IGood Wearth Agreement − ngokungqinelana ne-Belfast Agreement (ngoAprili) , yasayinwa ngenxwema emashumi eminyaka yokuxolelwano kwezobupolitika kunye nokwakhiwa koxolo lwengca. Yaphelisa ubundlobongela bobugxwayiba bamahlelo obaziwa ngokuba ziiNto le Miba, imfazwe eyabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-500 kwaye yashiya amashumi amawaka enziwe kakubi emzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Noko ke, iSivumelwano asizange sigqibe ngokukhusela umlilo okanye ukuseka urhulumente onamandla. Ukususela ekuqaleni, abakhi baso bezakhiwo baqaphela ukuba uxolo oluzinzileyo lwalufuna ukuxanduva okuqule ngezo, okucwangcisiweyo ngexesha elidlulileyo. Ngoko isivumelwano safaka uludwe lwenyaniso kunye neentshukumo zoxokozelo, ukuvuma ukubandezeleka kwababandezelo, nokubekwa kwesazulu sesahlulo.

Ingcamango yokuqhubana nogonyamelo lwexesha elidlulileyo ngolungiso lwenyaniso kunye noxolelwano yayingeyiyo intsha. IKhomishini yeNyaniso neyoxolelwaniso yaseMzantsi Afrika yayiqalise umsebenzi wayo ngo-1996, inika imodeli ephakamileyo ye-profile yoluntu lwasemva kwesivumelwano. KuMntla Ireland, ucelomngeni lwaye lwahlukile: imfazwe yayingeyomfazwe yamakhaya ecacileyo okanye umlo ochaseneyo nelizwe kodwa yayiyimpikiswano enzulu yoluntu ebandakanya amaqela karhulumente, amaqela amajoni amacala omabini, kwaye abemi bomthonya-mkhosi babambanaba kwimi enqamleze i-omnqamlezo. Isivumelwano sakuhle kuLwesihlanu savuma ukuba kuntsonko oluntsonkoza intsonko kwaye sacebisa indlela yokubhenca inyaniso, ikhuthaza ukuqondana, kunye nokuphilisa phakathi koluntu.

Imbali: Isizathu Sokuba Inyaniso Noxolelwano Zibaluleke

Ukuze siqonde isizathu sokuba isivumelwano sigxininise kangaka kwinyaniso noxolelwano, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda isikali kunye nohlobo lwengozi eyenzekayo ebudeni beziNqaba. Phakathi ko-1968 no-1998, i-Ireland yaseMntla Ireland yafumana umjikelo wenkohlakalo wokuqhushumbisa, ukudubula, usoyikiso, nokunyanzelelwa koshenxiso. Le mfazwe yaphawulwa ngezenzo zenkohlakalo eziphezulu ezifana nokudubula kweBlood ngeCawa yowebhuza eDerry, iDublin neMonaghan, kunye nokudubula kwebhombu okwenziwa ngu-Omahm okwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kwesivumelwano. Ngaphandle kwezi ziganeko ziphambili, amawaka eentsapho aphila ngenkquku.

Enye yezona ndawo ziyingozi kakhulu zeMiba yeMingcipheko yayiyimpucuko yokungathethi nokungabikho koburhulumente bokuziphendulela. Ukubulala okuninzi akuzange kuphendulwe ngokufanelekileyo. Imikhosi yokhuseleko yayibandakanyekile ekungqubaniseni namajoni anyanisekileyo, ngoxa amaqela eriphabliki ayeqhuba ukubulalana ngaphakathi kunye nesohlwayo. Amaxhoba kunye neentsapho zawo ayesoloko eziva eshiyiwe ngurhulumente kwaye ehlukanisiwe nabantu bawo. Kule ndawo, ukuphucula inyaniso kwakungeyo inkqubo yemfundo nje yemfundo; yayingumbandela wokuziphatha kwabo babekhanyele ukubulala okusesikweni kunye nesohlwayo sokuphinda bathembeke kwimibutho yabo.

Isivumelwano esiGood Wentrever Acception saqonda ukuba ngaphandle kwenkqubo ethembekileyo yokulungisa imbali, iziphelo zoxolo zinokuhlala zibuthathaka. Izikhalazo ezingalungiswanga zinokukhula zize zibangele ingxabano engagqibekanga. Ngoko ke iSivumelwano sazibophelele ekumiseni iinkqubo eziza kuvumela ukuphandwa kwabantu abafayo, ukuvunywa kwemivukelo, ukuvunywa kwengozi, nokukhuthazwa koxolelwano kumgangatho womntu ngamnye nowentlalo.

Iqela Leenquies Neminye Imizimba Ephakanyiswayo

Eyona ndlela iphambili yocwangciso eyadalwa phantsi kweSicwangciso seGood Wear Agreement's yaba yiNtlanganiso yeHistorical Enquies (HET), eyamiselwa ngo-2005 njengenxalenye yeNkonzo yamapolisa yaseNorthern Ireland (PSNI). I-HET yasebenza ngokuqhuba uphando olutsha kuzo zonke iziphene ezinxulumeneyo ezathi zenzeka phakathi ko1968 no1998, ngaphandle kwabo babesele benoxanduva ukubuzwa imibuzo eqhubekayo.

I-HET yamela ukunduluka okubalulekileyo kwizenzo zangaphambili zobupolisa. Yamkela indlela esetyenziswa ngamaxhoba, ibandakanyeka ngqo neentsapho, ihlola iifayile zomzekelo wokuqala, kwaye isebenzisa ubuchule bexesha langoku bokuphinda i-examine. Iqela lakhiwe ngokwahlukeneyo ukuze liphande irepublic, inyanise, kunye nokubulala ngokhuseleko, okubonisa imfuneko yokusebenzisa imilinganiselo engaguquguqukiyo kwiindidi zamaxhoba. Kwishumi leminyaka lokusebenza kwayo, i-HET yahlola ukufa okungaphezulu kwe-1800 ze yakhupha iingxelo ezineenkcukacha kwiintsapho.

Noko ke, iHET yayingenampikiswano. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ngelithi ukusondelelana kwayo nePSNI kwayenza yaphelelwa luzimele, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezibandakanya ukuhlahlela ukhuseleko. Ingxelo yovavanyo yonyaka ka-2013 yeHenmaster’s Inpectorote of Constabulally yafumanisa iimpazamo ezinzulu kwindlela i-HET ephanda ngayo ukubulala amapolisa, nto leyo eyakhokelela ekulahlekelweni yintembelo phakathi kwezinye iintsapho namaqela abantu. I-HET yaphela ngo-2014 kwaye yathathelwa indawo yi-Legabeavestive Ireavestive Brants, eqhubeka esebenza ngayo kwi-PSNI phantsi kwenkqubo ehlazinziweyo.

Ngaphaya kweHeT, isivumelwano salungiselela ukusekwa kweKhomishoni ye- Independent yeNdawo Egciniweyo yamaxhoba, egxininisa ekufumaneni ngokufihlakeleyo abo bangcwatywe ngamaqela emikhosi ngexesha lemfazwe."i-oyile ibizwa ngokuba "Ivele". Le komiti iphumelele ngokuphawulekayo, ifumana amaxhoba amaninzi kwaye inika iintsapho zabo imvume. Ngaphezu koko, iKhomishini yamaxhoba kunye nabasindileyo yadalwa ukudibanisa iinkonzo zokuxhasa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zabo bachatshazelwa ngqo lugonyamelo zihlala zibalulekile.

Ukuchacha Kwinyaniso Ngaphezu Kophando Lwamapolisa

Ngeli xesha amapolisa efaka uphando olungundoqo lwendawo efihlakeleyo yenyaniso, iGood Wear Agreement ebonwa njengesandisi solwazi, inkqubo equka izinto ezininzi eziza kufumaneka kwimithombo emininzi yolwazi namava. Imibutho yabemi kunye namaqumrhu emfundo asekuhlaleni ifezile indima ebalulekileyo ekubhaleni iimpikiswano nasekuvezeni iindawo zokuncokola. Iprojekthi ezinjengeCIIIN Web Service (I-Conflict e-Inter) eUlster University inika indawo ebanzi yezixhobo ezingundoqo zemithombo, kuquka iingxelo zobungqina, ii-chrongalogies, kunye neziqululo zobucukuqulu. Ezi zinto ziqinisekisa ukuba imbali iyafumaneka kubaphandi, abaqeqeqeshi, nabaqeqeshi, kunye nabantu ngokubanziswa ngokubanzi.

Enye into ebalulekileyo yintshukumo yembali yomlomo, eye yaqokelela amawaka eengqikelelo zobuqu kubantu kuMntla Ireland. IBBC ''' "Iingxaki: Imbali Efihlakeleyo" kunye nothotho lwezintlu zeplatform "Uxolo nePalct" kuvimba kwiLinen Hall Library eBelfast iyimizekelo yemigudu yokufumana amava aphilayo abemi abaqhelekileyo abafumene kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga. Le mirhumo idibanisa uphando lwasemthethweni ngokunikela iimbono ezithe ngqo zenkqubo zomthetho ziphosa uloyiko rhoqo, izenzo zobubele obuzolileyo kucalulo lwamacalulo, kunye nobunzima obude bengqondo bokuphila kwingingi emfazwe.

Kumgangatho woluntu, iintlanganiso zokuthetha inyaniso ezixelwa ngengca zidibene nababesakuba ngamajoni, amaxhoba, kunye nabantu abaselula ukuze babelane ngamabali kwaye babonise impembelelo yogonyamelo. Iintlangano ezifana nokuSebenza Ngenkumbulo neNqaku zilulungele ulwakhiwo olukhuthaza abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba bahambele ngaphaya kweengxelo eziqinileyo zokubekwa ityala kunye nobuxhoba. La manyathelo abonisa ukuba uxolelwaniso asiyonkqubo ephezulu enokubekwa ngurhulumente okanye abameli bezizwe ngezizwe ngezizwe; kufuneka lukhuliswe ngokugcinwa, ukujongwana nobuso obuse emgangathweni wasekuhlaleni.

Amanyathelo Okuxolelana Nokuphilisa

Umbono wesivumelwano seGood Wesihlanu soxolelwano wagqithiselwa ngaphaya kokuchatshazelwa yinyaniso. Kwakhona yagxininisa imfuneko yamanyathelo asebenzisekayo anokulwakha uthemba phakathi kwabantu kunye nokwenza iimeko zebutho labantu abahlukeneyo. Enye yezona ziphumo zibonakalayo kukuphuhliswa kwemfundo edityanisiweyo, ukuhlanganisela abantwana bamaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika kwiklasi enye. Ngoxa izikolo ezidityanisiweyo zihlala zisezimbalwa eNorthern Ireland, ukukhula kwazo ukususela ngo1998 kubonisa umgudu wangamabonqikelelo wokuphelisa inkqubo yemfundo eyakhankanyiweyo ngexesha leengxaki. Ufundo lubonise ukuba abantwana abafunda ezinqikelelwa kwizifundo ezidityanisiweyo basenokuba bangamagumbi afanayo kwaye banesimo esikhuthaza ngakumbi kwizithethe.

Iinkqubo zengxoxo yoluntu nazo zikwangundoqo kwimigudu yoxolelwaniso. Inyathelo lokuqala elincinane, eliye lathathwa kumzekelo waseMerika, likhuthaza abantu abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo ukuba baxubushe ngamava abo namaxabiso, bebhekisa kubantu abahlukeneyo kunokuba babe ziindawo zezobupolitika. Ngokufanayo, inkqubo ye-"Public Incoko" eqhutywa liBhunga leeNdlela zoNcedo-ntle zoluntu izisa kunye abemi abasuka kwiindawo ezinxulumeneyo apho amaProtestanti kunye namaKatolika ahlala khona ngokusondeleleneyo (ukuxubusha imibandela yasekuhlaleni kunye nokusebenzisana kwemisebenzi eyingenelo kuye wonke umntu.)

Amanyathelo okufundisa ngembali yale mfazwe aye ahambela phambili. Iprojekthi "Imbali Yethu", exhaswe yiCorrymeela Community kunye neUlster University, inika uqeqesho kunye noqeqesho kubafundisi-lwazi abafuna ukucombulula iingxaki ezikwiiklasini zabo. Kunokuba banike ingxelo enye esemthethweni, ezi zinto zikhuthaza abafundi ukuba babandakanye ngembono eninzi, kuquka nabo bangamaxhoba abasuka kuzo zonke iinkalo, abalwani, nabakhi boxolo. Le ndlela inceda abantu abaselula bahlakulele ubuchule bokucinga obubalulekileyo kunye nokuqonda okulungeleleneyo kwembali yakutshanje yebutho labo, inciphisa ubungozi bokuba baza kudla ilifa ikhethelo lwezizukulwana ezidlulileyo.

Inxalenye Ephambili Yoxolelwano Phantsi Kwesivumelwano

Ukuqonda ubukhulu obupheleleyo beSivumelwano seGood Wentrever Agreement, kuluncedo ukuhlolisisa iinxalenye ezikhethekileyo eziye zasetyenziswa ukususela ngo-1998. Ezi ziqalelo zixhomekeke kwilungu elinye: ulungiso lwenyaniso ngaphandle kwenkxaso kumaxhoba alunantsingiselo, kwaye incoko yasekuhlaleni ngaphandle kotshintsho lwemfundo ayinakuvelisa inguqulelo ehlala ihleli.

Amanyathelo Okuxelela Inyaniso Amaxhoba nabalwayo

Ezinye iintlanganiso ezikhuthaza inyaniso ziye zaba sisiseko soqheliselo loxolelwano kuMntla Ireland. Inkqubo ye-"Legacy" ephethwe yiKhomishoni yamaxhoba kunye nabasindi, ibonelela ngenkxaso yeeprojekthi ezidibanisa abantu abaye bahlangabezana nongquzulwano ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iintlanganiso zijolise kumaxhoba asabelana ngamabali awo kwimeko-bume exhasayo, ngoxa ezinye zibandakanya abanqolobi abasuka kuzo zombini iimvelaphi zobuRiphabliki kunye namava anyanisekileyo abathetha ngeenjongo namava abo. Ezi ziganeko zinokuba nzulu ngokweemvakalelo, kodwa abathathi-nxaxheba banikela ingxelo rhoqo yokuba banceda abantu "kwelinye icala" kwaye banciphisa ingqiqo yokungalawuleki bogonyamelo.

Impumelelo yezi ntlanganiso ixhomekeke ekuthetheni ngobuchule kunye nokubekwa kakuhle kwendlela yokufihla imfihlo kunye nokuhlonelana. Iintlangano ezifana ne "Abasindi Boxolo" zivelise imithetho engqongqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba baziva bekhuselekile kwaye iminikelo yabo iphathwa ngesidima. Uhlolisiso lwe-endex lubonise ukuba ukuthetha inyaniso kungakhokelela ekuncitshisweni kobutshaba nokwanda kokuzimisela ukungenela kwimisebenzi enqamlezayo.

Iinkqubo zoNxibelelwano loLuntu

Iinkqubo zengxoxo zisebenza kumanqanaba amaninzi, ukusuka kwiinkomfa eziqhelekileyo ezizisa iinkokeli zezobupolitika kunye kwintsasa ezingacwangciswanga kwimizi yoluntu. "IDialog for Peace" inyathelo lokuqala, eliqhutywa liBhunga loMntla Ireland loMsebenzi wokuzithandela, ibhekisa kubamelwane abaye bafumana imigangatho ephakamileyo yogonyamelo kunye nolawulo lobuhlanga. Abathathi-nxaxheba basebenza kunye kwimisebenzi eluncedo. "ezinjengenkqubo yokulungisa izithuba zoluntu okanye iiklasi ezidi ezidibeneyo ezidityanisiweyo zentlalo kunye nolwakhiwo lokholo."

Amanyathelo Okufundisa Ngembali Yengxabano

Imfundo iye yaba libala elibalulekileyo lokuxolelanisa. Imfundo "Imbali Edityanisiweyo", eyaphuhliswa liBhunga leCurriculum, uHlomelo kunye noXotho-lwazi (CCEA), inika ubuncwane bokufundisa iinkathazo ngendlela elungeleleneyo nelungeleleneyo. Abafundi bahlolisisa iingxelo ezisisiseko, bathelekisa iingxelo ezahlukeneyo zesiganeko esinye, kwaye baxubushe imibuzo engokokuziphatha malunga nogonyamelo, okusesikweni, nokuxolela. Iinkqubo zokufundisa abafundisi zixhobisela abafundisi ngobuchule bokuphatha iingxubusho kunye nenkxaso yabafundi abasuka kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo. Injongo ayiko ukwenza uhlobo olunye "olwembali" kodwa ukuxhobisa abantu abaselula ngezixhobo zokucinga ngendlela entle abadibana nayo ekhaya nakwimimandla yabo.

Inkxaso Kumaxhoba Neentsapho Zawo

Amaxhoba kunye nabasindileyo baye baba yinkxalabo ephambili yokuphunyezwa kweGood Wear Agreement's. INgxowa-mali yamaxhoba, eyasekwa ngo-2014, inika inkxaso yemali yonyango, ukucebisana nezinye iinkonzo. IKhomishini yamaxhoba kunye nabasindileyo isebenza kwimibutho yenkxaso yengingqi enikela icebiso, ubuchule, kunye nenkathalo yengqondo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, bekukho ukuqwalaselwa okukhulayo kokuba amaxhoba avela kumacala onke emfazweni kwaye iimfuno zawo zahlukene: abanye bafuna okusesikweni ngeenkundla, abanye bafuna ukunconywa nokuxolelwa, kwaye abanye bakhetha ukunikela ingqalelo ekulungiseni ubomi babo ngaphandle kokuzibophelela okudlulileyo. Inkqubo ephendulayo mayihlalise zonke ezi ndlela.

Ucelomngeni Nokugxekwa Kwenkqubo

Ngaphandle kwenkqubela eyenziweyo kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo, inyaniso kunye nenkqubo yoxolelwano eMntla Ireland iye yajamelana nemiqobo ebalulekileyo. Olunye uhlalutyo oluzingisileyo kukuba isakhiwo siye sahlukaniswa kakhulu kwaye sabekwa phantsi kwemiqathango. Ukwanda kwemizimba eyahlukeneyo ``i-HET, iSebe lezemfundo, iKhomishini yamaxhoba kunye nabasindileyo, iKhomishini ye- Independent yendawo ehlala abaxhatshazwayo, kunye nemisebenzi emininzi yasekuhlaleni ngamanye amaxesha iye yakhokelela ekuquququzelweni, ukudisana, kunye neengxaki. Iintsapho ziye zanyanzeleka ukuba zihambele ulwe lwemibutho entsonkothile enemiyalelo eyahlukeneyo kunye neenkqubo, zongeza kwimbandezelo yazo.

Olunye ucelomngeni olungundoqo lukukungabikho kwesivumelwano sezopolitiko ngendlela yokulungisa elifa lemfazwe. INdibano yasemntla Ireland, xa ibisebenza, iye yazama ukuvumelana ngesakhiwo esibanzi selifa. Isivumelwano sorhulumente waseBritane sonyaka ka-2014 iSpomont House Aguement icebisa ukuba umzimba omtsha `Aprecial Refections Unit') oza kuqinisa imisebenzi emininzi ekhoyo, kodwa ukuzalisekisa iqhubeke phakathi kokungavisisani ngenxa yobungakanani nokuzimela kwayo. Amaqela eengxaki zezobupolitika aye avakalisa unxunguphalo lokuba inkqubo yezopolitiki ayikhange iphumele kwizithembiso ezenziwe ngo-199898.

Ngaphezu koko, amanye amaqela asekuhlaleni avakalelwa kukuba iinyaniso ezithile zihlala zifihliwe okanye zingavunywa. Ukudibana phakathi kwamandla karhulumente kunye nomkhosi wobunyani kunye nomkhosi wobunyani kuye kwaba ngumbandela wemibuzo emininzi, kodwa umlinganiselo opheleleyo wokubandakanyeka ngokusemthethweni kugonyamelo awuzange umiselwe ngokugqibeleleyo. Amaqela alwayo eRiphabliki nawo aye agxekwa ngokumadolw'awo ukunikela iingxelo ezipheleleyo zemisebenzi yawo, kuquka ukubulala ngaphakathi kunye nokuphatha abaniki-lwazi. Ukungabikho kwentengiselwano ebanzi okanye inkqubo yokukhusela ithetha inyaniso kusoloko kuphumela kwiingozi ezingokwasemthethweni, kudimazisa abantu abathile ekufikeni phambili.

Kukwakho nombuzo wokuba ngaba ukusukela uxolelwano kuye kwabekwa kumaxhoba kunokuba kwaveliswa nawo. Abanye abasindi baphikisa ngelithi ukugxininiswa ekuxoleleni nasekuqhubekekeni kuye kwasetyenziselwa ukuwanyanzela ukuba athi cwaka, ingakumbi xa imfuneko yawo yokusesikweni ingqubana nozinzo lwezobupolitika. Ulungelelwano phakathi kokuvuma izinto zexesha elidlulileyo nenza intsebenziswano yexesha elizayo luhlala lungenabugocigoci kwaye lukhuphiswano.

Ingqikelelo enxulumeneyo: Ukufunda kwezinye ii-Publictles

Inyaniso kunye nemigudu yoxolelwano yaseMantla Ireland ithe yaziswa yaza yathelekiswa neenkqubo kwamanye amazwe. IKhomishini yeQiniso neyokuQeqesha yoMzantsi Afrika yeyona ndawo ikhankanywe rhoqo, kodwa indlela ye-Ireland yaseMntla Afrika yahlukile ngeendlela ezibalulekileyo. I-South Africa ikhethe ikomishini enye, ephezulu ne-profile ebekwe abantu, ulungiselelo lokuhlawulelwa, kunye nogunyaziso olucacileyo. Ngokuchasene noko, i-Northern Ireland iqhubele phambili, ubuchule obugxininisa iqhina lomgangatho ophakamileyo woluntu kwaye iphephe i-asbonke. Imodeli nganye ineempawu kunye nolawulo.

Inkqubo yoMzantsi Afrika yavelisa ingxelo edumileyo engokwembali kwaye yabangela ukuvunywa kwasekuhlaleni kokuphulwa kwamalungelo abantu okugqithisileyo. Noko ke, abahlalutyi baphawula ukuba ngaphambi kokuba ixolelaniswe ngenxa yokuziphendulela kwaye yashiya amaxhoba amaninzi evakalelwa kukuba abaphuli-mthetho abaphunculi baphumile. KuMntla Ireland, ukunqongophele kokuxolelwa okusesikweni kuye kwathetha ukuba ukutshutshiswa kuqhubeke, kodwa oku kuqheliselwe, zimbalwa kakhulu iimeko eziye zaphumela ekuchaneni, ngokwenxalenye ngenxa yokudlula kwexesha nobunzima bokuhlanganisa ubungqina obungenakuthenjwa. Oku kuye kwashiya iintsapho ezithile zikwimeko yokungaqiniseki, zingafumani bulungisa okanye ziphumele ekuthini iko kugunyaziwe komsebenzi wobunyani.

Eminye imizekelo yokuthelekisa iquka iinkqubo eColombia, eChile, kunye nasemva kwe-apartheid Namibia. Inkqubo yoxolo yaseColombia neFARC iquka inkqubo yokulungisa ebanzi eyadibanisa uvuselelo lwenyaniso, ukuhlaziywa, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweemeko. IKhomishini yeSizwe saseChile yeNkqutyana yeNyaniso neNxulumano ejoliswe ekubhaleni ukufa nokunyamalala phantsi kolawulo lozwilamlisholo lwePinochet, inika ulwamkelo olusemthethweni kodwa olulinganiselweyo. Imeko nganye igxininisa ukuba akukho cebo linye lokuqhubana nemeko endlongondlongondlongo; ukwenziwa kobunyaniso nobuchule boxolelwano kufuneka kuxolelwanelwe kwimicimbi ethile yezobupolitika, yempucuko, neyomthetho.

[[UMTL: 0] Icebo elipheleleyo: lokufunda ngokubhekele phaya kokusesikweni komahluko, Iziko leInternational Center yeNguqulo yoLuhlu linikezela ngezifundo ezineenkcukacha kunye nohlalutyo olusuka kulo lonke ihlabathi.

Ilifa Lesivumelwano Esilungileyo SoLwesihlanu

Phantse iminyaka engamashumi amathathu emva kokuba iGood Wear Agreement ityikitywe, inyaniso yayo kunye namanyathelo ayo okuxolelana ahlala eqhubeka. Amaqumrhu ezobupolitika amiselwe phantsi kwesivumelwano aye ajongana neemeko eziphindiweyo kunye nokuthotywa kwemiqathango, ebonisa ukuqhubekeka kokholo oluphakathi kweminqamlezo. Noko ke, isiqinisekiso esisemgangathweni sokuthetha ngezo ziganeko zangaphambili asizange sishiywe. Ngo-2021, urhulumente waseBritane wapapasha iphepha lokuhlola izicelo ezichaza isiseko esitsha esibanzi "songezelelwe kwiziphumo ezibanzi" zokuqhubanalo lwezihlupho, kuquka nommiselo onokwenzeka wokungaqiniseki kwemilo lwetyala ekwenziwe ngexesha longquzulwano. Ezi zicelo bezingadityaniswanga, kunye nemibutho yamalungelo abantu ekwaphula umthetho engabantu, ithetha ukuba nayiphi nayiphi nayiphi nayiphi nayiphina imigaqo engazichachachayo iya kungamkelekanga.

Ingxoxo eqhubekayo ibalaselisa ukuxinezeleka okungundoqo okuye kwabonisa inkqubo yonke: indlela yokuhlonela ukubandezeleka kwamaxhoba ngelixesha kuveliswa isithuba sokuba abezotshaba bahlale kunye. Indlela yesivumelwano elungileyo ngoLwesihlanu yayisekelwe kwinkolelo yokuba ezi njongo aziphikisani kodwa zixhasana. Ukuchana kwenyaniso kunika isiseko sokuvuma, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kubekho uxolelwano. Kodwa indlela esuka kwinyaniso ukuya kuxolelwaniso ayizenzeki okanye ayilungelelani. Ifuna ukhokelo lwezopolitiko, ubuchule bentlalo-ntle, kunye nokuxhaswa koqoqosho kwimi exhasa incoko nokuphilisa.

Ngaphandle kobunzima, amava asemntla Ireland anika izifundo ezibalulekileyo. Ukugxininiswa kochaphazeleko lwenyaniso [[FLT: 0] oluphakathi], ukudibanisa incoko yababini i- kunye neenkqubo zophando olusemthethweni, kunye nomanyano [[[FLT:]4] lwe-egnity ekufuneka lwakhiwe kumanqanaba amaninzi , ukusukela kumntu ngamnye ukuya kwiziko lokwakha uxolo. [[FLT]] Ukulungelelaliso olusemthethweni olusemthethweni, ukukhumbula ngethuba [[[FLT]] ukulungiselela, umzekelo, uphuhliso lwemodeli, ukuveliswa kwenyaniso kunye nokukhunjulwa kwezinye iintlobo.

Imigudu Eqhubekayo Nekamva Lokuxolelaniswa

Ukubuyisana eMntla Ireland asiyoprojekthi ephelayo ezakugqitywa nokuvalwa. Yinkqubo eqhubekayo emele ilungelelaniswe neemeko ezitshintshayo. Umhlaba wezopolitiko uye watshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukususela ngo-1998, ngokuvela kwamaqela amatsha, ukuzala kwabantu, kunye nokuchaphazela kweBrexit kulungelelwano lomgaqo-siseko wommandla. Abantu abaselula abazalwa emva kweGood Wesihlanu Actription bakhule kwibutho elinoxolo kodwa elihlala lihlukene kakhulu kwimigca yamahlelo. Ucelomngeni lwesizukulwana esizayo luzakwakha ulwazi olwahlukeneyo olungaphaya kodidi olubini lwexesha elidluleyo.

Amanyathelo aliqela asebenza ngoku ukufikelela kulo sukelo. Inkqubo ye "Uxolo IV" exhaswa yi-European Union, ifake imali kwimisebenzi enqamlezayo, kuquka ukuphuhliswa kwezithuba ezabelweneyo kunye neenkonzo. I "Together: Ukwakha icebo loMbutho woMntu oManyeneyo, endululwe liGunyaziwe liMntla Ireland Onegunya, ijolise ekususeni imiqobo yemida kunye nokukhuthaza ukudibana kwezindlu, imfundo, nomsebenzi. Umsebenzi weKhomishini ye-Mbumba yamaxhoba kunye nabaLandeli uyaqhubeka nokuzinza, ngogxininiso olukhulayo kwinkxaso yempilo yengqondo kunye nomonakalo ophakathi kwabantu.

Indima yemfundo ihlala ibalulekile. Iprojekthi "Ukufundisa iiMpeks", esekelwe kwiYunivesithi kaQueen's Belfast, iphuhlisa izinto zokufundisa kunye neemodyuli zoqeqesho ezithetha ngengxabano ngolungelelwano nangobuchule obudityanisiweyo. Ngokuxhobisa abantu abaselula ngolwazi lwembali nobuchule obubalulekileyo, ezi nkqubo zinceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpazamo zexesha elidlulileyo aziphindwa. I-Globaltic Affiaian Affiaices kunye nokwakhiwa koxolo [[ iqela lophando kwiYunivesithili yokumkanikazi lipapati lipapashice uphande uphando olunzulu lokusebenza kwezi ndlela.

Isiphelo: Ukuqhubeka Ujongelwa Phambili Umbono Olungileyo NgoLwesihlanu

Isivumelwano seGood Wear Agrence nenyathelo lokuxolelanisa zazingeyonto yamva okanye imvume yoxolelwano. Zaziyintsika eyintloko yesivumelwano soxolo esazi ukuba ukuthetha ngexa elidluleyo kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokwakha ikamva elizinzileyo. Amalungiselelo, iinkqubo, kunye neengxoxo eziye zavela kwisivumelwano ziye zanika ukuvunywa kwamawaka amaxhoba, zadala iindawo zokuncokola okunzima, zaza zabeka isiseko sebutho labantu elizinzileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, iintsilelo kunye nonxunguphazelo lwenkqubo zisikhumbuza ukuba uxolelwaniso lufuna umonde, ukunyaniseka, nomgudu oqhubekayo.

Ukusondela kwesivumelwano (ukubekwa [[FLT: 0]] inyani yokoyiswa kwexhoba, inkxaso, incoko yasekuhlaleni, kunye nemfundo inikezela ngesakhiwo esinokulungiselwa amanye amaqumrhu aphuma kwiingxabano. Njenge Ikomiti yoLuntu iNobel Prize ] iyavuma ekuvuzeni ibhaso lonyaka ka-1998 kuJohn Hume noDavid Trimble, abakhi besivumelwano babeqonda ukuba uxolo lumele lwakhiwe ngaphezu kokuyeka ukutshiswa. Kufuna ukuvuma ukumelana nenyaniso engathandeki, ukuphulaphula abo baye babandezekile, kwaye bacinge oko kungayichaziswe ngobutshaba bexesha elidluleyo.

Umsebenzi wenyaniso noxolelwano kuMntla Ireland awukapheli. Amaziko ezobupolitika ahlala ebuthathaka, kwaye ilifa leMibango liyaqhubeka lisenza isithunzi eside kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kodwa ke, iziseko ezibekwe yiGood Wear Act inikeza iqonga apho izizukulwana ezizayo zingaqhubeka nomsebenzi wokwakha ibutho labantu abahlukeneyo. Kumntu nabani na ofuna ukuqonda ukuba ingingqi ezahluleleneyo zingaqala njani ukuphilisa, amava aseMntla-Ireland ayaqhubeka ebonakala efana, kunye nazo zonke izinto eziphunyelweyo kunye neshishini layo eligqityiweyo, zihlala zingumzekelo ofundisa kakhulu kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.