Ilahleko Yokwenene Yokulahlekelwa Ngugcino - lwazi EIreland

Amashishini ase-Ireland agcina umthamo onyukayo we-Akhawunti ye-ABM yeMaric ye-AP[FLT], intengiso yemali, impahla yenkcubeko, kunye nogcino-lwazi olusebenzayo. Ukungaphumeleli kwe-hardware, uhlaselo lwe-enkuselo, okanye ukususwa kwengozi kungabangela imisebenzi ingamiswa. Ngokutsho kwe- i-IBM i-2024 yexabiso le-BM ye-BMP Ingxelo ye-BMP [[[[FLT] Interst:1], indleko--manani endleko yokwaphulwa kogcino-lwazi olungaphaya kwezigidi eziyi-34 ze-iyunithi. Iziphumo ezincinci kunye ne-engozi eziphakathi kwe-i-injini eluncedo zinokuba yingozi: ingeniso, izigwebo ezisemthethweni, kunye nomonakalo kukholo oluthe ngqo. Ngaphandle kweendleko, imibutho engqinela phantsi kwemiqatha ye-data yokhuseleko lwe-Jicerlvice-eviation Reglition, elungele ngaphakathi kwe-edie

Le sikhokelo sihamba kuwo wonke umaleko wokwakha ugcino-lwazi kunye nolungiso lwesiseko esilungele umgaqo kunye nobume belizwe loshishino. Ukusuka kuvavanyo lomngcipheko ukuya kuvavanya, sigubungela amanyathelo asebenzisekayo ahambelana ne GDPR, iKhomishini yoKhuselo logcino-lwazi lwe-Ireland (DPC) kunye nezenzo ezingcono zezizwe ngezizwe.

Ukuqonda Imeko Yeshishini Yokuzikhusela Nokuchacha

Isizathu sokuba ukhuselo lube yeyona nto iphambili

Iziganeko zogcino-lwazi azinqabile. Uhlolo lwe-2023 gcina i-Ireland lufumanise ukuba 60% yemibutho yase-Ireland efumene ubuncinane isiganeko esinye solahleko logcino-lwazi kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

  • Ukungaphumeleli kwezixhobo (isantya sengozi, unyuko lwamandla)
  • Impazamo yomntu (ukucinywa kwenwebu, ukumiselwa ngokuphosakeleyo)
  • Uhlaselo lweCyberre (Intlawulelo, i-phish ekhokelela ekucinyweni kwe-data)
  • Iintlekele zemvelo (ukudumba, izichotho) ziyingozi ngokwenene eIreland)
  • I-gcus ze-Software okanye ukonakala

Ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokuphucula, ixesha lokuphumla linganwebeka ukusuka kwiiyure ukuya kwiimini. I-Eupan Union Agency ye-Cybersecurity (ENESIA) iqikelela ukuba ukuphucula kwenani lentlawulelo kukodwa kubiza amaxhoba ngokwe-avareji ye-101.5 lezigidi kwinkcitho elahlekileyo kunye nentlawulo yentlawulelo. Ubuchule bogcino-lwazi oluqinileyo bunciphisa ixesha lokuchachachacha (RTRO) kunye nokulahlekelwa ngugcino-lwazi (RPO), ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubekeka koshishino kunye nokuthobela imigaqo.

Uxinzelelo lolawulo: GDPR kunye nangaphaya

[[NTL:0] Inqaku le-32 [FLT libeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kubalawuli bogcino-lwazi kunye nabaququzeleli e-Ireland. Inqaku 5 lifuna ukuba ugcino-lwazi lobuqu lulungiswe ngendlela eqinisekisa ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo, kuquka ukhuseleko olukwingozi. Inqaku lama-32 libiza ngokukhethekileyo ukuba ubuchule bokubuyisela ugcino-lwazi lobuqu ngendlela efike ngexesha elifanelekileyo emva kwesiganeko. E-Ireland, i-DPC ikhuphe imali eninzi kakhulu kwiwaka lezigidi zezigidi zemali kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yokungabhangi. Isixokelelwano kunye nenkqubo yokuzinziswa kokungalondolomeli kwe-data epheleleyo okanye ebonakalisa ukungakhuphili ekuphumeleli kwemi ukuthobela imigudu yokuthobela imigudu. Ngokudibanisa imimiselo yecandelo le-Indicconti yemali okanye iimfuno ze-AGenety syst syst syst tyceatmental tyty

Amalungu angundoqo okhuselo lokwaphuka kunye nenkqubo yokuchacha

1. Iinqanawa zokhuselo logcino-lwazi

Isiseko salo naluphi na ulungiso lonyango lokhuseleko. Iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zikhona, kwaye imibutho emininzi iyadibanisa:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ugcino olupheleleyo: Yikopi epheleleyo yayo yonke idata ekhethiweyo. Ixesha-incomo kodwa inika incopho enye yokuzinzisa. Yenza ezi veki nganye okanye nyanga nganye kuxhomekeke kumthamo wogcino-lwazi.
  • Ugcino olungundoqo: Iikopi zitshintsha kuphela ukusuka kugcino lokugqibela lwalo naluphi uhlobo (oluzeleyo okanye olwandisiweyo).
  • [[FLT: 0] Ugcino olukwindawo esemva: Utshintsho lwekopi ukusuka kugcino logcino lokugqibela olupheleleyo. Lukhulu kunesahlulo kodwa lulula ukubuyisela (ifuthe + + esandul' ukutsha).

Kwiishishini eligxekayo lase-Irish, umxube wogcino-lwazi olupheleleyo lweveki nganye nolwandiso lwemihla ngemihla logcino-lwazi lusezantsi. Iinkonzo zogcino-khuselo lwamafu ezifana .Azure Ugcino-khuselo okanye AWS Ugcino-MPAWULO[ olu jikelezo oluzenzekelayo lusebenzisa ufihlo kwaye ufihlo ngokungagqibekanga.

2. Izisombululo zogcino: Umthetho 3-2-1

Umthetho wogcino-lwazi 3-21 ushiyeka umgangatho wegolide: gcina noko iikopi ezintathu zedata yakho, noko iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zogcino-lwazi [, noko [[FLT:] kunye nekopi enye yokwethula-'% . Imibutho yase Irish ineenketho ezininzi zogcino:

  • [[UMTL:0] Kugcino lwendawo:[[FTL:1] Inethwekhi-indawo yokugcina (NAS) okanye inqwelo- mafutha yeteyipu. Inikezela ngokukhawuleza ukubuyiselwa kwengingqi kodwa isengozini kwintlekele zemeko yendawo.
  • Ugcino olupheleleyo: Abanikezeli abanjenge Microsoft Azure, Inkonzo ye Web, iGoogle Lifu, okanye izinikezeli ezisekelwe kwi-Ireland ezifana Uthungelwano oludityanisiweyo okanye [FLT] i-Irland [[FLT]][[FLT]]
  • [[Ugcino:0] Indlela yeHybrid: Idityaniswa kwinkxaso- yexesha elidlulileyo ukwenzela isantya esinenkxaso yamafu kukhuseleko olungaphandle.

I-data ehlala abantu ibalulekile: Iinkampani ezininzi zase-Ireland zifuna ugcino-lwazi ukuze zihlale kwi-European Economic Area (EA) ukuze zisebenzisane ne-GDPR. Abalungiseleli abanamaziko ogcino-lwazi eDublin, njengeMicrosoft Azure (imimandla emibini yase-Ireland), i-AWS (ummandla eDublin), kunye ne-Google Lifu (iqabane labo elisebenzayo), banika abanikeli beendawo zokugcina izinto.

3. Ukuchacha nokuphelelwa

Ugcino alusebenzi ukuba awukwazi ukubuyisela ngokukhawuleza. Chaza ngokucacileyo Incopho Yexesha efuna (RT) kunye ne [FUT] Reversy Point Conficision Inknotion (RPO) kwindlela nganye:

  • [[UMTL:0]RTO: Ubukhulu bexesha lokuphumla elamkelekileyo. Kwiinkqubo ze-ERP ezirhabaxa, le ingaba yimizuzu eli-15; koovimba, iiyure ezine.
  • [[UMTLL: 0]RPO: Ubukhulu belahleko yogcino-lwazi eyamkelekileyo. Kwiisiseko sedata ezithengiselwayo, RPO ingaba yimizuzu emihlanu; ye email, 1 hour.

Uxwebhu ngenyathelo lenyathelo lokufumana ulungiso lwendlela nganye yemboniso-nkqubo(-hardware, isikhuseli se-freware, ukucinywa kwengozi. Quka iinkcukacha zoqhagamshelwano kumaqela axhasayo, iindlela zomnikezeli wamafu, kunye noqhagamshelwano lomthengisi. Gcina oluxwebhu kumacala omabini kwi-site (emphandleni) nakwindawo ekhuselekileyo yamafu.

4. Amanyathelo okhuseleko: Ukukhowuda nolawulo lokufikelela

I-data yogcino yeyona nto ijoliswe kuyo abahlaseli. Iindlela zokhuseleko ezingcono ziquka:

  • Ukukhowuda ekuphumleni nasekuthuthweni: Sebenzisa ufihlo lwe AES-256-bit ukwenzela ugcino logcino kunye ne TLS 1.3 ukudlulisa.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ugcino olungenakukhutshwa: Abanikezeli bamafu banika “ukwenza kanye, funda ezininzi” (WORM) indawo yokugcina ethintela ukususwa okanye ukulungiswa kwabaphathi. Oku kumisa intlawulelo kwinkxaso eyingozi.
  • Ulawulo lonikezelo olusekelwe kwisiseko (RBAC): Imida yogcino kwaye ubuyisela iimvume kwinani elincinane labasebenzi abagunyazisiweyo. Sebenzisa uqinisekiso lwezinga- mandla ezininzi (MFA) kwi console zolawulo.
  • Ukukhusela iziqhagamshelanisi zosasazo: Ukuphepha ukuxhasa i-intanethi kawonke-wonke ngaphandle kwe-float okanye amafu athe ngqo adityaniswe. Iziko logcino-lwazi oluninzi lase-Ireland linika ukujonga ngqo kwizinikezeli zamafu.

Ukuvavanya nokugcina

Uvavanyo yeyona nxalenye ingahoywanga.

  • Qinisekisa ukuba iifayili zokuxhasa azimoshanga.
  • Buyisela ulwazi kwimeko- bume yebhokisi yesanti kwaye uhlole ukuthembeka.
  • Ixesha lokubuyiselwa nxamnye neRTO yakho.
  • Uvavanyo lokusilela kwindawo yogcino-lwazi (umz., olunye umbindi wogcino-lwazi).
  • Hlaziya uxwebhu kunye neenkqubo emva kovavanyo ngalunye.

Imisebenzi yokuzigcina rhoqo iquka ukuqwalasela ii-log zokhuselo, izitshixo ezijikelezayo zokukhowuda nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-media yogcino-lwazi (ii-stape, idiski) ikwindawo enokusetyenziswa. Izilumkiso ezizenzekelayo xa kungaphumeleli ugcino-lwazi.

Ukuzalisekisa izicombululo zokhuselo kwiLifa leMveli

Ukukhetha Umlungiseleli Ofanelekileyo Welifu

Imibutho yase-Ireland kufuneka inike abanikezeli bokuqala abaneziko logcino-lwazi kwisiqithi okanye ubuncinane kwi-EEA.

  • [[UMTL: 0] Indawo yokuhlala yedata: Qinisekisa umnikezeli unika isiziko logcino-lwazi e-Ireland (Dublin) okanye ummandla odibana nemigangatho ye-GDPR.
  • [[UMTL:0] Isiqinisekiso esinika imvume: Jonga i SOC 2, ISO 27001, kunye ne GDPR Ulungelelwaniso logcino-lwazi.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Izibuko lemithetho yase-Ireland: Abanikezeli kufuneka banikele ugcino-lwazi lwe AP ngundawo edityaniswe ne akhawunti ye Irish okanye indlela ye CRM.
  • [[Ukwehla nokwehla komthetho] ubuninzi babanikezeli banika intlawulo-engango-okanye imilinganiselo efanele iSMEs.

Abanikezeli bobulali base-Irish abanjenge [[FLT: 0] IiSeva eziDityiweyo ze Ireland kunye neziHlomelo zobumnyama [ zinikezela iinkonzo zokhuselo ezilawulekileyo ngenkxaso yasekuhlaleni. Abanikezeli abaninzi behlabathi njenge AWS[FLT][FLT]] [[FLT:]] kunye [FLT]] Microsoft Azet[ inikezela ngezixhobo ezivundliweyo kwaye ineendawo ezininzi ezifumanekayo eDublin.

Izakhiwo Ezineemitha Ezineegesi Ezintle ZaseIreland

Amashishini amaninzi ase-Ireland asebenzisa umxube wezibonelelo zendalo (umz., iseva yobulali enesoftware yobalo) kunye nezicelo zamafu (umz., i-Ofisi 365, i-Sasserforce). Icebo lokhuselo oluxubileyo elisebenzisa kwii-premise ukwenzela ii-data zobulali kunye nabanxulumanisi bamafu e-SaaS. Umzekelo:

  • Kumncedisi ophambili: Icwangciswe ngegophe elipheleleyo nolwandiso logcino kwi NAS yasekuhlaleni, emva koko ilinganiswe kwi Azure Blob SC ukwenzela ukupheliswa kwenjongo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ugcino-lwazi lwe SaaS: Sebenzisa Microsoft 365 ugcino-lwazi (ivia IVEAm okanye imigaqo-nkqubo yendabuko]) ukukhusela i-Exchange kwi-Internet, Hate Point, kunye ne-OneDrive.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ugcino olusisiseko: Sebenzisa izixhobo zomthonyama (umz., SQL Server Confied) ukulahla iidatabase zasekuhlaleni, emva koko inqanawa ikhuphela iikopi kumafu kwindawo yokugcina.

Iinkampani ezinogcino-lwazi lobuqu olunochuku (umz., unyango, umthetho), ziqwalasela ukukhutshwa kwentsimbi kunye nogcino olugqunywe ngomoya, apho ugcino logcino lukhutshwe ngokwasemzimbeni kwinethwekhi ngaphandle kwaxa kukwifestile yogcino-lwazi.

Uqheliselo oluhle lokuchacha kogcino-lwazi

Ukumiselwa: Oko Umele Ukufumane Kuqala

Ayiyo data yonke ejongene ne. Yenza data yohlelo lwematrix[[FLT: 1] ephawula indlela nganye nge vimba yempumelelo yeshishini. Phinda ufumane kolu hlelo:

  1. I- Inkulu 1 – Iinkqubo ezimaxa-mbi: Ii-apps eziqhelekileyo ezivelayo, iinkqubo zokuhlawula, iisiseko sogcino-lwazi olunedata ethengiselwayo. RTO 931 hour.
  2. I- Inkulu 2 – Iindlela ezibalulekileyo: ngaphakathi ERP, email, izixhobo zosebenzisana. RTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  3. [[UMTL:0] I-'3' – Ezingajolisiyo: ugcino-lwazi logcino-lwazi, iingxelo zembali. RTO NGO- 24 iiyure.

Uxwebhu i-structure: isiseko sedata singaxhomekeka kulwabelo lwenethwekhi. Qinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zochaphazelo zinika ingxelo yokulandelelana.

Ukuqeqesha Abasebenzi Nezigutyuli Eziqhubayo

Abaqeshwa basoloko bebuthathaka.

  • Indlela yokuxela isiganeko sokulahlekelwa ngugcino-lwazi.
  • Esisiseko sokubuyisela imisebenzi (umz., ukubuyisa ifayile enye kwimibhalo yethunzi).
  • Indlela yokuphepha izenzo ezinokwenza ugcino-lwazi olubi (umz., ukungavali iiseva ngokungalunganga).

Sebenzisa imithambo ekwisakhelo phezulu kabini ngonyaka: lingisa uhlaselo lwentlawulelo uze uhambe kwisicwangciso sokubuyisela, uchonga izithuba. Emva koko yenza ibhola epheleleyo ebuyiselweyo kwibhokisi yesanti. Izifundo zoxwebhu zifundwe kunye neenkqubo zohlaziyo.

Ulungiso oluzenzekelayo

Ugcino lwamandla luchaphazeleka kwimposiso yomntu. Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuzenzela ukwenzela ucwangco logcino-lwazi kwaye uthumele izilumkiso ekungaphumelelini. Iinketho zecomputer zokhuselo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Inkonzo ye ``Isicelo'' ne Revolution' (kwimekobume ezizenyanisiweyo)
  • [[FLT: 0] Acronis Cyber Ukhuselo (ifakelwe ugcino logcino + ukhuseleko)
  • Commoult (ulungiso lombindi- umgangatho ngeempawu ezigqithisileyo zokuthobela)
  • [[UMTL: 0] Isinikezeli sezixhobo zalapho zokwendalo (Ugcino olugciniweyo, Ugcino lwe-AWS, ugcino lwelifu le-Google kunye ne DR)

Impumelelo ye-monitor yenani eligqitha kwi-Universal yempumelelo ephakathi kwibhodi zokhuselo. Seka izilumkiso kugcino-lwazi olulahlekileyo, urhwaphilizo, okanye imiqobo yomlinganiselo. Kwi-Irish projects ezinezixhathiso ezisikelwe umda we-IT, zilawulwa ziinkonzo zokhuselo ezivela kwi-Ireland DATA sindisa i-Ireland okanye Iikhompyutha ezingaphezulu [[FLTLT]] [[FLTLT]]] ezingaphezulu kakhuluyo] zingakhulula umthwalo.

Ukucingela Ngokungqalileyo IIreland Ngomthetho Nomthetho

Indima ye-DPC

IKhomishini yoKhuselo logcino-lwazi lwase-Ireland yenye yezilawuli ezisebenzayo eYurophu. Isitshixo sogcino-lwazi olunxulumeneyo:

  • Ukunciphisa iData: Ungaxhasi ugcino-lwazi lobuqu olungeyomfuneko. Lususe rhoqo ugcino-lwazi oludala oluqulathe ugcino-lwazi olungasebenziyo.
  • Ukukhowuda: Ukuba ugcino lulahlekile okanye lwebiwe, ukukhowuda kwenza ugcino-lwazi lungaqondakali, ukunciphisa izibophelelo zolwamkelo lolwaphuko (Article 33 iqwalasela iziganeko ezinjalo njengezingenzelisi ulwaphuko ukuba lubhalwe ngokufihliweyo).
  • ekunene ukuqinisekisa: iinkqubo zokhuselo eziqinisekisayo zibuyisela ugcino lwengxelo yomxholo wogcino-lwazi xa ucelwa, kwanakwindawo yogcino-lwazi egciniweyo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukukhusela iziphumo zempembelelo (DPIA): kuqhubekeko oluphezulu lwerisk, iquka ukwakhiwa kokhuselo kwi DPIA.

I-DPC ipapashe ukhokelo lwemilinganiselo yobugcisa nemibutho, ekhoyo kwi-website yayo. Iintlangano kufuneka zilungelelanise ugcino-lwazi logcino-lwazi lwe-GDPR nocwangciso lwe-GDPR lokugcina ugcino-lwazi lwemali iminyaka esixhenxe kwimfuno zengeniso, kodwa lucoce ugcino-lwazi lwabathengi emva kweminyaka emibini.

Iimbopheleleko ezikhethekileyo zamahlelo

Ngaphaya kwe-GDPR, amacandelo ase-Ireland ajongene nemithetho eyongezelelekileyo:

  • Iinkonzo zezezimali: IBhanki ePhakathi yeIndustry Isikhokelo kwi-Operal Resilience ilindele iifemu ukuba zibe nogcino olupheleleyo kunye neeplani zokufumana kwakhona ezivavanywe kwiimeko ezinzima kodwa ezinokufezeka.
  • I-health care: Imigangatho yeHIQA ifuna ukuba ugcino-lwazi lwempilo luxhaswe yonke imihla kwaye luvavanywe nyanga zonke, lugcinwe ngaphandle.
  • Icandelo lePublic: I-Ofisi yeGosa eliPhakathi loLwazi loRhulumente (OGCIO) igunyazisa iinkqubo zokhuselo kuwo onke amaqumrhu karhulumente, ngokufuthi efuna ukugcina amafu aphezulu.

Ukwakha Isithethe Sokubuyisela Ugcino - lwazi

Ubugcisa bodwa alwanelanga. IFoster ingummiselo wequmrhu ngokubanzi kukhuseleko logcino-lwazi:

  • Yabela umnini wedata yogcino-lwazi, ngokufuthi umphathi we-IT okanye umphathi wokhuseleko ozinikeleyo.
  • Ukuquka ugcino-lwazi kunye nokuphinda uhlaziywe koomatshini boshishino.
  • Ukukhuthaza abasebenzi ukuba baxele malunga nogcino-lwazi kunye nokulahlekelwa ziziganeko ngaphandle koloyiko.
  • Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali logcino-mali kunye nokuchatshazelwa njengexabiso lokusebenza eliphindiweyo, ingeyiyo iprojekthi yexesha elinye.

Imeko-bume yezobugcisa yase-Ireland − kunye nobukho bayo obunamandla bamafu asemhlabeni kunye neqela elikhulayo lokungakhuli nokusebenza ngekhompyutha liqala-------------inika izixhobo zokwenza uhambo lube lula. Kodwa eyona mibutho inamandla yileyo ijonga ugcino-lwazi njengendlela yokuzilolonga kodwa njengenkqubo eqhubekayo yokuphucula.

Isiphelo: Indlela phambili Yolungiselelo Lwama - Irish

Ukuphuhlisa ugcino-lwazi olunamandla kunye nenkqubo yokuphucula kuyimfuneko. Amashishini ase-Ireland kufuneka aqhube i-GDPR, imimiselo edityanisiweyo yecandelo, kunye nomgaqo ojikelezayo wesisongelo somhlaba. Ngokusebenzisa umthetho 3-2-1, ngokukhetha izinikezelo zamafu ezikumaziko ogcino-lwazi obulali, ukufihla ugcino-lwazi, kunye nokuvavanya iinkqubo zokuzilungisa rhoqo, imibutho ingakhusela izinto zogcino-lwazi kwaye igcine ukuqhubekeka koshishino.

Qalisa ngovavanyo lomngcipheko: phawula ugcino-lwazi olubalulekileyo, chaza i-RTOs ne-RPOs, kwaye khetha intlanganisela elungileyo kwi-premise kunye nogcino-lwazi lwamafu. I-hinte ekuqeqesheni nasekuziqeqesheni. Hlola kwaye uhlaziye ucwangciso lwakho minyaka le okanye emva kotshintsho olukhulu. Umgudu wangaphambili uzihlawulela ngokwawo ngexesha lokuqala ofuna ukubuyiselwa ukusuka kwinkxaso-/ kwaye ingakumbi xa umphengululi-lwazi ecela ubungqina bokhuseleko lwakho.

Kwimeko-zoqoqosho edityanisiweyo ngokwemivo, ulwazi ngowona mthombo ubalulekileyo kuwe.