Ukwazisa

Ukufumana ubumi base-U.S. kuphumelelwne kakhulu okuvula umnyango wokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kwibutho labantu baseMerika. Kubemi abasisigxina abasemthethweni (abaphethe ikhadi lamakhadi aluhlaza), ingakumbi abo bangamalungu entsapho e-U.S., ukukhuselwa kumela inyathelo lokugqibela kuhambo oluthatha iminyaka emininzi, ukuhlanganiswa kwebutho labantu, nokuzigcina koluntu, nokuzivelisa. Abami abanikela ilungelo lokuvota nokugcina ipasipoti ye-U. kodwa kwakhona ukhuseleko lokukhuselwa ekugxothweni nasekuxhaseni ezinye izalamane ukuba zifuduke. Ngoxa inkqubo esuka kwikhadi eliluhlaza ukuya kumgangatho wobumi ilungelelaniswe kwaye ichazwe kakuhle, ifuna ingqalelo enonophelweni kwemithetho esebenzayo, uxwebhu, kunye nexesha elisetyenziswayo. Eli nqaku lilungiselela ukhuseleko olubanzi lweentsapho olufuna ukusetyenziswa kwisigaba ngasinye, ukusetyenziswa kwe-grignog, ukusetyenziswa kwemicimbini eluncedo, i-gnog.

Ukuqonda Indlela Yokuzimela Ngokwahlukileyo

Phambi kokuba aqalise inkqubo yendalo, amalungu entsapho kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba ahlangabezana neemfuno zomthetho ezimiselwe nguMthetho woKhwebo noLawulo lweSizwe. ISebe lobuNgangasese nelokuHlalisa i-US. (USCIS) livavanya isicelo ngasinye ngokwemilinganiselo emininzi engundoqo, eyahlukayo ngokuxhomekeke kulwalamano lwentsapho nommi wase-U.S.

Iimfuno Jikelele kubo Bonke Abaphangeli

  • [[UMTLL: 0] Indawo esecaleni: Kufuneka ube ngummi osisigxina osemthethweni (umbatho wekhadi eliluhlaza okwengca) ngexesha lokudala ishefu. Akukho mahluko kubemi abanomqathango; ikhadi lakho eliluhlaza kufuneka libe lingenasiphelo kwaye lisebenze.
  • I-Ayikho: Izicelo kufuneka zibenobuncinane ubuncinane zineminyaka eli-18 ubudala. Amancinane afumana ubumi ngenxa yokwemvelo komzali alandela inkqubo eyahlukileyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Eqhubekayo kunye nobukho obuphathekayo: Kufuneka uhlale eUnited States njengomphatho wekhadi eliluhlaza ngexesha elithile. Kuninzi lwabafaki-sicelo, oku kuthetha ukuba nekhadi eliluhlaza ubuncinane iminyaka emihlanu kwaye ukubakho ngokoqobo e-U.S. ngesiqingatha sexesha (iinyanga ezingama-30 ukusuka kwiminyaka emihlanu). Kumabhinqa ase-U.S., ixesha elifunekayo yiminyaka emithathu (neenyanga eziyi-18 zobukho ngokoqobo).
  • Unikezelo kwi USCIS okanye Umbuso: Kufuneka ube uphile ubuncinane iinyanga ezintathu kwisithili se USCIS okanye uchaza apho ufaka isicelo.
  • [[NTL:0] Uphawu olulungileyo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha: USCIS ihlola iimpawu zakho ngexesha lomthetho (ngokuqhelekileyo iminyaka emihlanu okanye emithathu). Iimbono ezithile zolwaphulo-mthetho, ubuqhetseba, okanye ukungahlawuli irhafu zinokukubangela ukuba ungakufanelekeli. Kwaneengcebiso ezincinci kufuneka zicaciswe kwaye zivavanywe.
  • Ulwazi lolwimi lwesiNgesi kunye noluyi-U.S.: Kufuneka ubonise ukukwazi ukufunda, ukubhala, nokuthetha isiNgesi esisisiseko kwaye unolwazi olusebenzayo lwembali norhulumente wase-U.S. Ukutshayelwa kusekelwe kwiminyaka kunye nobude bendawo yokuhlala okanye kwisiphene esithile sezamayeza.
  • Ukudibanisa kumGaqo-siseko wase-U.S.: Kufuneka ukulungele ukuthatha iSifungo soMgaqo-siseko, uqinisekisa inkxaso yogcino-lwazi kunye nokurhoxiswa konqulo lwamanye amazwe.

Ukuba Ngumntu Okhethekileyo Kumalungu Eentsapho

Ulwalamano lwentsapho luneendlela eziliqela zokunciphisa amathuba okulinda yaye, kwezinye iimeko, kubantwana ukuba ngabemi abazimeleyo.

Izinyuko ze-U.S.[FLT]]
ukuba utshate nommi wase-U.S., usenokuba ufanelekile emva kweminyaka emithathu kuphela yekhaya elisisigxina, ukuba uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezi meko zilandelayo:
- ubuhlala emtshatweni kunye no-U.S. ummi welizwe weqabane lakho kwiminyaka emithathu.[[FLT:] - iqabane lakho belingu-U.S. ummi welizwe elincinane kwiminyaka emithathu ngexesha lakho leFomN.[FLD:] - Udibana nazo zonke ezinye iimfuno zobukho bezokuziphatha, ubuntu obulungileyo.[5][FT]

Abantwana bomzali wase-U.S.[[FLT]] Abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-18 abaphethe ikhadi eliluhlaza bangazenza bafumane ubumi base-U.S. ukuba bahlala e-U.S. phantsi kwe-lolibon esemthethweni nasemzimbeni yomzali (ongomnye wobumi). Oku kwenzeka ngaphandle kokufaka ifomu yeN-400; endaweni yoko, umzali angafaka isicelo seSatifiketi seMozistryship (Form N-600) okanye i-US.

[ Amalungu asebenzayo kunye namalungu entsapho[FLT]] Abanikazi bamakhadi aluhlaza abasebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiU.S. bangenza imikhosi exhobileyo izenze ngokwemvelo ngesiseko esikhululiweyo, kunye neemfuno ezincitshisiweyo zokuhlala. Abagcini-mvo kunye nabantwana bamalungu emikhosi bangakufanelekela ukuhlawula imali ethile yefashoni okanye inkqubo yokukhulula.

Kubalulekile ukukhangela imigaqo yendalo ekhoyo esebenzayo ukuqinisekisa imeko yakho, njengokuba imithetho ingatshintsha ngohlaziyo lwemithetho okanye imisebenzi yemithetho.

Inkqubo Yenkqubo

Ukwenziwa kwendalo kuqala ngokugqitywa nokuthobela kweFomu N-400, Isicelo sokuzinzisa. Olu luxwebhu olusembindini lwe USCIS olusebenzisa uvavanyo lokungalingani. Le nkqubo ikhona ngoku ngokupheleleyo kwi-intanethi, kwaye i-USCIS ikhuthaza ngamandla ukuqokelela i-elektroniki ukucutha ulibaziseko neempazamo.

Inyathelo 1: Lungisa Impahla Yakho Yenkqubo

Inyathelo 2: Phosa Isicelo

Uyakwazi ukufaka ifomu ye N- 400 kwi-intanethi kwi-akhawunti yakho ye-USCIS okanye iposi yohlobo lwephepha kwisazulu senkonzo esifanelekileyo. I-internate fread inika ubume bexesha lokwenene uhlaziyo kunye noqinisekiso lwerisithi ekhawulezileyo. Uninzi lwabafaki-sicelo lufumana isaziso sovavanyo lwebrographic (ngeminwe nemifanekiso) kwiiveki ezimbalwa nje zokuthobela.

Inyathelo 3: Ingqokelela yemijelo

USCIS iza kucwangcisa utyelelo kwi Iziko leNkxaso yeNkqubo yoLonke ulawulo lweminwe, ukufota, kunye nokusayina. Ezi millimeter zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya umva wolwaphulo-mthetho. Qinisekisa ukuba uzisa isaziso sokumiselwa kunye ne-ID yefoto esebenzayo. Ukungaphumeleli ukuvela kunokubangela ukukhanyela isicelo.

Inyathelo lesi - 4: Funda Iincwadi Neencwadi Zodliwano - ndlebe

Emva kokuba uhlolo lwesiqalo lucinyiwe, i USCIS iza kuthumela isaziso sokucwangcisa udliwano-ndlebe lwakho lokwemvelo. Ukulungelelanisa amaxesha kuyahluka-hluka kakhulu nge-ofisi yasentsimini, okuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwiinyanga ezisibhozo ukuya kwezine ukusuka ekufakeni izicelo ukuya kudliwano-ndlebe. Ungahlola ixesha lokulungisa kwi website ye-USCIS usebenzisa inombolo yakho yerisithi.

Ukulungiselela Udliwano - ndlebe

Udliwano-ndlebe lokwemvelo linyathelo elibalulekileyo. Igosa le-USCIS liya kuhlola isicelo sakho, livavanye inkcubeko yakho yesiNgesi, lize livavanye amaphondo. Ucwangciso olufanelekileyo lwandisa amathuba akho okuvunyelwa.

Oko Kuza Kuziswa

  • Ikhadi lakho eliluhlaza (lokuqala).
  • I-ID esemthethweni efakwe kwifoto karhulumente (njengephepha-mvume lokuqhuba).
  • Nawaphi na amaxwebhu awongezelelekileyo aceliwe kwisaziso sakho sedinga (umz., iileta zerhafu, ubungqina bokubhaliswa komsebenzi okhethiweyo).
  • Iikopi zantlandlolo zamaxwebhu owawafaka ngesicelo (isiqinisekiso somtshato, imimiselo yoqhawulo-mtshato, njl.njl.).
  • Ukuba ulitshintshile igama lakho, yiza nomyalelo wenkundla okanye uxwebhu olucetyiweyo olutshintshiweyo.

Amalungu ovavanyo lwamaNgesi

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukuthetha: ubuchule bakho bokuphendula imibuzo ngesiNgesi buza kuvavanywa ngalo lonke udliwano-ndlebe. Igosa liza kubuza ukuba ulwazi olungqinisiweyo ngefomu yakho.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ukufunda: Uzakucelwa ukuba ufunde isivakalisi esinye ukuya kwisithathu ngokuvakalayo kuluhlu lwamagama okufunda avunyiweyo. Impumelelo ifuna ukufunda isivakalisi esinye ngaphandle kwemposiso.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Uzakubhala ibinzana eliphenyisiweyo. Iimpazamo ezincinci zopelo zivumelekile ukuba aziguquleki intsingiselo yesivakalisi.

Uvavanyo lwe-Covics

Uvavanyo lwamafamente luphendula imibuzo eli-100 ngembali, urhulumente, ijografi, kunye nemiqondiso. Ngexesha lodliwano-ndlebe, uza kubuzwa imibuzo eli-10; kufuneka ubuncinane uphendule isithandathu ngokuchanekileyo ukudlula. i-USCIS inika isikhokelo sofundisiso sokukhululeka kunye nezixhobo zokuqhelisa , kuquka iidishcard kunye neefayile zesandi. Kunconyelwa kakhulu ukufundisisa umlinganiselo obekiweyo suku ngalunye nokusebenzisa iimvavanyo.

Ukuzincama kunye nokufumana: Abasebenzi abaneminyaka engama-50 nangaphezulu abaye bahlala e-U.S. njengomntu osisigxina ohlala khona ubuncinane iminyaka engama-20 (i-“50/20” ekhethekileyo) banokuthatha uvavanyo lwezentlalo-ntle kulwimi lwabo lomthonyama. Abo baneminyaka engama-55/15 ubudala kunye nabangaphezulu kunye neminyaka eli-15 yokuhlala (55/15”) banokufaneleka ngokufanayo. Ngaphezu koko, ukucela umenzi wengxaki yezamayeza angacela umenzi we-rabham esebenzisa iForm N-648, exhaswe yingcali yezamayeza.

Amacebiso Odliwano - ndlebe

  • Fika kwangoko, unxibe ngobuchule uze uphathe onke amaxwebhu abhaliweyo.
  • Phendula imibuzo ngokwenyaniso nangokungqalileyo. Ukuba awuwuqondi umbuzo, mcele ngentlonelo umphathi ukuba awuphinde okanye awuphinde kwakhona.
  • Musa ukunikela inkcazelo eyongezelelekileyo enokukwenza ube nengxaki, kodwa chaza nayiphi na imbali yolwaphulo - mthetho okanye ukwaphulwa kwemithetho yokufuduka ngokunyaniseka.
  • Ukuba ufuna ukulungisa okanye ukuhlaziya naluphina ulwazi kwi-N-400 yakho, yazisa umphathi ekuqaleni kodliwano-ndlebe.

Emva Kodliwano - ndlebe

Igosa liza kukunika isigqibo esibhaliweyo ngomhla wodliwano-ndlebe. Kukho iziphumo ezintathu ezinokwenzeka:

  • [[FLT: 0] Evunyiweyo: Halala! Uzakuba nocwangco lokwenziwa kwendalo, odla ngokuqhutywa phakathi kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Ukuba umsitho ungosuku olunye, ungafumana isiqinisekiso sakho sokwemvelo ngoko nangoko.
  • [[FLT: 0] Iqhubekekile: Umphathi angafuna ulwazi olongezelelekileyo okanye ixesha lokuhlola ifayile yakho. Ungacelwa ukuba ungenise amaxwebhu amaninzi (umz., ubungqina bomanyano lomtshato, iibhayiselo zerhafu, okanye ubungqina bobukho bokwenyama). Ngamanye amaxesha udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini luyafuneka.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Uza kufumana inkcazelo ebhaliweyo. Unelungelo lokucela ukuchongwa ne-USCIS umphathi wesicelo soburhulumente kwientsuku ezingama-30 zokukhanyelwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ungafaka ifayile entsha ye-N-400 ukuba iimeko ziyatshintsha.

Isifo Sokuzimela Ngokwasemveni

Inyathelo lokugqibela lolawulo liSihlomelo soMsitho wokuQaphela, esisisiganeko esisesikweni esidla ngokuqhutyelwa kwindlu yenkundla okanye kwisakhiwo se-USCIS. Ngexesha lomsitho:

  • Uza kucelwa ukuba ume uze ucengceleze iSifungo soNcedo, ulahle ukuzinikela kwangaphandle kunye nenkxaso ebhadlileyo kumGaqo-siseko wase-United States.
  • Uza kusayina isatifiketi sakho sokwendalo kwaye ufumane isatifiketi sakho esisemthethweni sokwenziwa kwento ezenzekelayo (Form N- 550).
  • Ukuba ucele utshintsho lwegama, ijaji iza kulwamkela ngokusemthethweni.

Kufuneka uzise ikhadi lakho eliluhlaza (eliza kuqokelelwa ligosa) kunye nawo nawaphi na amaxwebhu anikelwe ngu-USCIS. Iintsapho nabahlobo basoloko bemkelekile ukuya. Emva komsitho, ungummi wase-United States.

Amalungelo kunye neembopheleleko zomsebenzi wasemva kolawulo

Ukuba ngummi waseUnited States kuzisa amalungelo neembopheleleko ezininzi. Kubalulekile ukuqonda nokuzamkela zombini.

Ulwazelelelo Olukhethekileyo Neempazamo Eziqhelekileyo

Ngoxa inkqubo yendalo ilula kumalungu amaninzi entsapho, kukho imibandela eliqela enokubangela ukulibazisa okanye ukukhanyela.

  • Uhambo oluthe tye: ITrading ngaphandle kwe-U.S. zingaphazamisa imfuneko yokuhlala eqhubekayo. Iitrayi ngaphezulu konyaka omnye zingaqhawula ngokupheleleyo indawo yokuhlala, zifuna abemi abasisigxina ukuqala ikloko yeminyaka emithathu okanye emihlanu ngaphezulu. Gcina iiplagi zohambo ngokweenkcukacha ze ugcine ikhaya, iiakhawunti zebhanki, kunye namaqhina oluntu.
  • Imbali ecacileyo: kunye neenkolelo ezincinci (umz. DUI, ubusela) zinganyusa inkxalabo yeempawu zokuziphatha. Ngamaxesha onke chaza onke amabanjwa kunye neenkolelo, nokuba zigxothiwe okanye zisusiwe. Ezingena-discloum zizizathu zokukhanyela.
  • IMitshato e-Multiple: Ukuba usebenzisa njengeqabane lommi wase-U.S., kufuneka ubonise ukuba umtshato ungenelwe elukholweni olulungileyo kwaye hayi kuphela ngenxa yeengenelo zokufuduka. Ukuba utshate izihlandlo ezininzi, unika ubungqina bokuqhawuka komtshato wangaphambili.
  • [[NTL:0] Iziphumo ezibhatalayo ze Fee: ubhatalo olwenziwe ngokungalunganga (umz., ukhangelo lobuqu ngenani eliphosakeleyo, imali enganeleyo) lungabangela ukwaliwa. Sebenzisa ikhadi letyala okanye uthumelo lwemali, okanye hlawula ngekhadi ledebit.
  • Ulwimi-lwimi kunye ne-Civips Uvavanyo lokungaphumeleli: Ukuba ungaphumeleli kuvavanyo lwesiNgesi okanye lwesizwe kwinzame yokuqala, i-USCIS izakunika udliwano-ndlebe lwesibini phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-60 ukuya kumashumi asibhozo. Ungaphinda uthabathe kuphela isahlulo ongasiphumelelanga. Ukungaphumeleli kwinzame yesibini kuphumele iziphumo zokukhanyela.

Ixesha Lokufuna Uncedo Olusemthethweni

Ngoxa abantu abaninzi abafaka izicelo besingatha ukusetyenziswa kwendalo ngokuzimeleyo, kuya kwigqwetha elinamava okufuduka kucetyiswa ukuba ube:

  • Ingxelo yolwaphulo-mthetho okanye ukubanjwa kwangaphambili.
  • Ukuphulwa kwemithetho yezoshishino kwixa elidluleyo (ulawulo, umsebenzi ongagunyaziswanga).
  • Imbali entsonkothileyo yomtshato okanye imibuzo engomtshato ochukunyiswayo.
  • Ukungakwazi ukumelana nonyango okufuna umntu okwaziyo ukunyanga.
  • Ukungaqiniseki ngobukho bokoqobo okanye ukuhlala kwindawo ehlala abantu abaninzi.

Oonogada banokuhlola isicelo sakho sokusebenzisa iimpazamo, bakucebise ngemibandela esenokubakho, baze bakuphathele kwizicelo okanye iindlebe.

Isiphelo

Ukusuka kwikhadi eliluhlaza ukuya kumgangatho wobumi base-U.S. luhambo olunemivuzo olufuna ukucwangcisa, umonde, nokwazi iinkcukacha. Amalungu entsapho ase-U.S. asoloko engenelwa kwiimfuno ezifutshane zokuhlala, kodwa wonke umntu ocelayo umele ahlangabezane nemilinganiselo efanayo ephezulu yobuchule bolwimi, ulwazi loluntu, kunye nobuntu. Ngokuyiqonda kakuhle imilinganiselo epheleleyo yokuzimela, ukulungiselela isicelo, ukulungiselela ukudliwano-ndlebe, nokufunda ngodliwano-ndlebe, nokwazi oko kulindelekileyo emva kokuvunyelwa, unokuyilawula ngokuzithemba inkqubo yendalo. Ukuba uthe wathabatha iOath of Allegiance, udibanisa izigidi zabantu abasebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuba ngabemi, uzuza amandla okuvota, abathandi, yaye uthelela ngokupheleleyo kubomi boburhulumente belizwe.