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Ukuqonda Ingqungquthela: Isiseko Sedemokhrasi YaseMerika

IKhomishini yeNkqutyana yenye yeentsika ezintathu zikarhulumente wase-United States, isebenza njengesebe lowiso-mthetho elibumba imithetho elawula amaMelika angaphezu kwama-330 ezigidi. Mihla le, izigqibo ezenziwe kwiiholo zeSiziko seCapitol eWashington, D.C., zibhebhetha ngaphandle ukuchaphazela abantu kuzo zonke iingingqi ezingama-50, iphembelela yonke into ukusuka kwixabiso olihlawulayo lonyango lwempilo ukuya kumgangatho weendlela oqhuba ngazo ebudeni bentsasa. Ukuqonda indlela iCangresskorres esebenza ngayo, omele wena, nendlela izigqibo zemithetho eguqulela kwimiqobo ezichaphazela ngayo amatyala athelekele naphi na ummi ofuna ukuqhuba ubomi banamhlanje baseMerika ngolwazi kunye nomziko.

Inkqubo yowiso-mthetho isenokubonakala ikude kwaye ingabonakali xa ijongwa isuka ngaphandle kwengingqi yezobupolitika, kodwa inyaniso yeyokuba izenzo zombutho zilolonga ngokuthe ngqo amava akho emihla ngemihla ngeendlela ezinzulu. Nokuba ungumzali oxhalabele ngemali yemfundo, umnini-mali omncinane ohamba ngerhafu, ugqirha oyingcali ejongene neenkqubo ze-inshorensi, okanye umntu nje ozama ukuzifeza uhlangabezana nemeko yezoqoqosho eguquguqukayo, umsebenzi weBhunga uchaphazela ubomi bakho ngeendlela ezininzi ezibonakalayo nezingabonakaliyo.

Yintoni Ingqungquthela Yaye Yakheke Njani?

IBhunga limele isebe lowiso-mthetho lorhulumente weUnited States, elimiselwe liGatya I lomGaqo-siseko wase-U. Njengendlu yowiso-mthetho ye-bimeral, iKhongqi yahlulwe yangamagumbi amabini ahlukeneyo: iNdlu yabameli neNdlu yeeNdlu zeNdlu yeeNtlalo. Le nkqubo yemibutho emibini ye-chamber yenziwe ngabaseki abaDawulayo njengolwamkelo phakathi kwamaphondo amakhulu namancinane, iqinisekisa ukuba omabini amele abemi nomelo olulinganayo luza kuba nelizwi kwinkqubo yokwenziwa komthetho karhulumente.

Indlu Yabameli: Ikomkhulu Labantu

Indlu yabameli inamalungu ovotelo angama-455, yaye imo nganye yabela inani labameli abalingana nabemi bayo. Olu lwabiwe kwakhona kwiminyaka elishumi emva kokuba kubhaliwe inani labantu besizwe, kuqinisekiswe ukuba umelo lulungelelaniswa njengoko abantu behamba-hamba kweli lizwe. Abameli basebenzisa amagama eminyaka emibini, okuthetha ukuba yonke iNdlu yonyulo qho qho ngonyaka emibini. Lo mjikelo wonyulo wenzelwe ngabomnzi ukugcina iNdlu inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nemicimbi yabemi baseMerika.

Ummeli ngamnye ukhonza isithili sengqungquthela kwiphondo labo, esidla ngokumela phakathi kwama-700,000 nama-800,000. Indlu iphethe amagunya amaninzi akhethekileyo, kuquka igunya lokusungula zonke iindleko zengeniso, amagosa angoorhulumente, kwaye inyule uMongameli kwityala leNtlanganiso ye-Electoral College. USithethi weNdlu, onyulwe ngamalungu eNdlu, usebenza njengegosa eliphetheyo kwaye ungowesibini kumgca wolawulo lwe-desidentili emva komongameli.

IBhunga Leengqungquthela: Icandelo Eliphezulu

IBhunga linamalungu ali-100, kunye nelizwe ngalinye elinyulela kanye amaqela amabini ee-sentenerini kungakhathaliseki ubungakanani babemi. Olu melo lulinganayo luqinisekisa ukuba amazwe amancinci agcine impembelelo ephambili kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Abaququzeleli basebenzisa amabinzana eminyaka emithandathu, malunga nesithathu seNdlu yeNdlu yeNtlanganiso ephezulu yonyulo qho kwiminyaka emibini. Le nkqubo yonyulo eshukumayo inika ukuqhubekeka kunye nenkumbulo yowiso ngaphakathi kwigumbi.

ICathenate ineembopheleleko ezikhethekileyo zomGaqo-siseko ezahlulayo kwiNdlu. Ezi ziquka ukuqinisekisa ukumiswa komongameli kwijaji yeBhunga lesizwe, iKhabhinethi, nezinye iindawo ezingundoqo; izivumelwano zokuqinisekisa izivumelwano ezixoxwe lisebe eliphetheyo; kwaye iqhuba iimvavanyo zokulingwa kwamagosa atyunjwe yiNdlu. UMongameli oPhathiswayo waseUnited States ukhonza njengoMongameli weNdluko kodwa uvota kuphela ukuba aqhawule amaqhina. I-Cantenara ikwa likwanyula uMongameli Tempre, ngokwesithethe oyena mninzi weqela, olawulayo elona qela likhulu, olawulayo kukungabikho kukaMongameli.

Indlela Ingqungquthela Eyenza Ngayo Imithetho: Inkqubo Yomthetho Iyachazwa

Uhambo olusuka kwingcamango yokuya kumthetho karhulumente lunzima yaye lulungiselelwe ngabom ukuba kufuneke abantu bavumelane baze bacinge kakuhle. Ukuqonda le nkqubo kusinceda sicace isizathu sokuba ezinye iimbambano zidlule ngokukhawuleza kwiiKhonklathi ngoxa ezinye zihamba kangangeminyaka okanye zingaqhubeki kwaphela.

Impinda yokwazisa neyomsebenzi weKomiti

Umthetho uqala xa ilungu leKhomishini lingenisa umthetho kwiNdlu okanye kwiNdlu yeNdlu. IiBhili zingavela kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo: abamisi-mthetho, izicelo zombutho ngamnye, amaqela enzala, okanye kwanemithetho emiselweyo yoMongameli. Xa ithe yaziswa, ityala ngalinye lifumana isiqinisekiso (H.R. semali yendlu, iS. yetyala leCamptain) kunye nenombolo ebonisa indlela yokuqalisa ngentlanganiso yomnqophiso.

Emva kwentshayelelo, ityala libhekiswa kwiikomiti enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezisekelwe kumbandela wayo. Iikomiti zeBhunga zisebenza njengamahashe enkqubo yowiso-mthetho, ziqhuba uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha lomthetho ocetyisiweyo. Amalungu eKomiti kunye nabasebenzi bawo bawenza uphando, baqulunqa iindlebe ukuze baqokelele ubungqina obungoonolwazi kunye negalelo likawonke-wonke, kwaye baphikisana ngeenzuzo kunye neziphumo ezinokwenzeka zesicelo. Amatyala amaninzi afa kwikomiti, awaze aqwalaselwe ngokubhekele phaya. Loo mibathwano isenokulungiswa ngokubalulekileyo ebudeni beli nqanaba, maxa wambi avela ngokwahlukileyo kwifomu yabo yantlandlolo.

Ingxoxo yeNkcubeko noLuvo

IiBhili-enomo eziphumelelayo ekuhloleni ikomiti yokukhangela indlela zihamba zisiya kwigumbi elipheleleyo ukuze kuqhutywe ingxoxo kunye nokuvota. Kwindlu, iKomiti yeMimiselo imisela imigaqo yengxoxo, kuquka imida yexesha elibekiweyo kunye nokuba ngaba iinguqu zinokunikelwa kumgangatho. Ngokwesithethe iNsungulo isebenza ngemithetho ethambileyo, ivumela ingxoxo eyandisiweyo kunye nenkqubo yokulungisa. Isithethe seBhunga lengxoxo engenasiphelo sikhokelela kwi-Picilbuster, iqhinga lokuyila apho abaquququzeleli be-mbombo bangathetha khona ngokungapheliyo ukuba balumkele okanye bavise umthetho.

Ukuba umlomo udlula kwelinye igumbi, udlulela kwelinye igumbi, apho inkqubo yonke iphinda khona. Ngenxa yokuba igumbi ngalinye lisoloko lidlula iinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo zomthetho ofanayo, ikomiti yengqungquthela eyenziwe ngamalungu asuka kuwo omabini amagumbi ihlala ilungelelanisa iimbono ezahlukeneyo kwaye ivelise uxwebhu oludibeneyo. Zombini iigumbi maziyivumele le nguqulelo yokugqibela ngaphambi kokuba iqhubekele kuMongameli.

Isenzo soMongameli kunye neNgqungquthela Engalawulekiyo

Xa la maziko omabini egqithisa umthetho ofanayo, iya kuMongameli, oneenketho ezintathu: tyikitya uxwebhu kumthetho, ulubhekisa, okanye ungathathi nyathelo. Ukuba uMongameli usayina ityala okanye akathathi nyathelo ngexesha iBhunga likwintlanganiso iintsuku ezilishumi, ityala liba ngumthetho. Ukuba uMongameli unika ityala, libuyela kwiBhunga ngengcaciso yokuphikisa. Ingqungquthela ingagqitha umongameli kwivoti ezimbini-3 emagumbini omabini, nangona oku kunqabile ukuphumelela ngenxa yomnyango ophezulu ofunekayo.

Indlela Izigqibo Zombutho Ezikuchaphazela Ngayo Ukunyamekela Impilo Yakho

Zimbalwa iindawo zokuthatha inyathelo lombutho olungelelanisiweyo ezichaphazela amaMerika ngokobuqu nangokobuqu kunomthetho wezonyango. Imithetho yeBhunga ikhupha imithetho egqiba ukuba ngubani okwaziyo ukufumana i-inshorensi yempilo, iinkonzo eziqulunqweyo, ukuba uhlawula malini xa ufumana unyango, kunye nabasebenzi bezonyango abanomgangatho ophezulu abamele badibane.

Ukukhutshelwa kwe-inshorensi yempilo nokungahlawulwa

Umthetho we-Congress ulolonga lonke ulungiso lwe-inshorensi yempilo eMelika. Imithetho emikhulu efana ne-Afford Cancel Act esungulwe kwiindawo zokuthengela apho abantu ngabanye banokuthenga khona i-inshorensi, benze inkxaso-mali yokunceda iintsapho ezifumana imali ephantsi, kunye neenkampani ze-inshorensi ezithintelayo ekunqabeni ukuhlawulela intlawulo ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezikhoyo. Xa i-Ingqungquthela i-yokutshintsha ukhuseleko lezempilo, benza izigqibo zokuba ungayithenga na i-inshorensi, oko iza kuba kuko, nokuba umqeshi wakho umele akunike iingenelo zempilo kusini na, nokuba umqeshi wakho umele akunike inzuzo yempilo.

IMedicare kunye neMedicaid, iinkqubo ezimbini ezinkulu zonyango lwempilo lwaseburhulumenteni ezinceda abakhulileyo, abantu abaneziphene, nabantu abafumana imali ephantsi, bakhona ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yesenzo sombutho. IBhunga limisela iimfuno ezifunekayo, imigangatho eyingenelo, kunye nenkxaso-mali yezi nkqubo ngoqikelelo lwaminyaka le kunye notshintsho lwamaxesha ngamaxesha athile. Iinguqulelo kwezi nkqubo zingathetha umahluko phakathi kokufikelela konyango oluyimfuneko okanye ukuhamba ngaphandle kwexabiso lonyango.

Iindleko Zeziyobisi Ezinokusetyenziswa Ngaphambi Kokuba Ugqirha Azisebenzise

Ixabiso olihlawulayo kumayeza agunyaziswa ngugqirha liphenjelelwa kakhulu zisigqibo somthetho-siseko. IBhunga limisela imithetho elawula amayeza azimeleyo, limisela ukuba iMedicare ingathethana na na namaxabiso eziyobisi, ilawula inkqubo yokuvunywa kwamayeza aqhelekileyo, kwaye ijonge ukungeniswa kwamayeza kwamanye amazwe. Amadabi athengwayo athe ngqo achaphazela ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye kufuneka ukhethe phakathi kwamayeza nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko.

Inkxaso-mali yeKhongresta ikwaxhasa uphando lwezamayeza olusetyenziswa ngamaziko afana neNational Institutes of Health. Imali yeKhomishini ifanele ukusetyenziswa ekuphandeni ngezifo ezifana nomhlaza, i-Alzheimer, isifo seswekile, kunye neemeko ezinqabileyo zimisela isantya sokuphumelela kwezonyango esingasindisa ubomi bakho okanye ubomi bomntu omthandayo.

Impembelelo Yengqungquthela Kwimfundo Nakuphumelela Kwabafundi

Inkqubo yemfundo yenye indawo ebalulekileyo apho izigqibo ezithatyathwe kwingqungquthela zibangela ukuba izigidi zabantu baseMerika zifumane amathuba nemiphumo, ukususela ebuntwaneni ukuya kwimfundo ephakamileyo nokukhula kwabasebenzi.

Inkxaso-mali yemfundo nemigangatho yeK-12

Ngeli xesha amazwe kunye nezithili zasekuhlaleni zigcina ulawulo oluphambili kwimfundo yeK-12, iBhunga linempembelelo enkulu ngenkxaso nangeemfuno zenkxaso-mali kunye nomthetho-siseko. Imithetho yemfundo yomanyano imisela imilinganiselo yokunceda abafundi abaneziphene, ukukhusela amalungelo asekuhlaleni ezikolweni, nokuxhasa abafundi abasweleyo. Iinkqubo ezifana neSihloko I zinika amawaka ezigidi zeerandi kwizikolo ezifumana imali ephantsi, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo izikolo, oovimba abafumanekayo, namathuba emfundo kwezo zikolo.

Izigqibo zeKhomishoni zokwenza iinkonzo zemali zemfundo zimisela ukuba isikolo somntwana wakho sineencwadi zemfundo ezikhoyo, ubugcisa bezi mini, izibonelelo ezisemgangathweni, kunye nabasebenzi abaxhasayo abafanelekileyo. Umthetho uthetha ngokhuseleko lwesikolo, iinkqubo zokuxhasa ukungondleki, kunye nemisebenzi yasemva kwesikolo zonke zisuka kwisenzo sombutho kwaye zichaphazela amava emihla ngemihla abafundi kulo lonke ilizwe.

Imfundo Ephakamileyo Nokuzonwabisa Kwabafundi

Kubafundi basekholeji neentsapho zabo, iBhunga liphembelela kakhulu ukufumaneka nokuhlawulwa kwemfundo ephakamileyo. Iinkqubo zomfundi obolekiweyo osisiFederal, uPell Grants kubafundi abafumana imali ephantsi, amathuba aphantsi okusebenza, neengenelo zerhafu zemali yemfundo konke oku kungenxa yomthetho wesivumelwano. Inzala yemali-mali-mboleko karhulumente, iimfuno zokuhlawula imali eboletwayo, kunye nokufumaneka kweenkqubo zokuxolela zixhomekeke kwimithetho edluliselwe yiBhunga.

Xa iBhunga liphikisana ngoncedo lwabafundi lwetyala, ukutshintsha kwemali ebolekiweyo, okanye utshintsho kwikholeji, benza izigqibo ezichaphazela enoba wena okanye abantwana bakho ningaya kuthenga ikholeji, amatyala oya kuwathwala emva kokuphumelela kwemali yokuboleka imali, kwaye indlela yomsebenzi isebenza kakuhle xa inikwa iimfanelo zomfundi.

Isiseko Sezothutho Nentonga Yakho Yemihla Ngemihla

Qho xa uhamba ngemoto ukuya kumsebenzi, uthatha uhambo lukawonke-wonke, ubhabha ukuze utyelele intsapho, okanye ufumane unikezelo lwempahla, ufumana iziphumo zenkqubo yezothutho engqukuva. Umthetho wokwayama kwendlela, iibhulorho, iinqwelo-moya, kunye neenkqubo zothutho ezigcina iMelika ihamba.

Iindlela, Iibhulorho Nokhuseleko Lwendlela Ephakamileyo

Iinkqubo zemali zeBhunga zigunyazisa kunye neenkqubo zohola wendlela karhulumente ezinika ulawulo lwezibonelelo zokwakha nokugcina iindlela neebhulorho. Umgangatho wohambo lwakho lwemihla ngemihla, ukhuseleko lweebhulorho onqumla kuzo, nexesha olichitha kwiinqwelo-mafutha zonke ziphenjelelwa ziimeko zemali eziqhutywa yingqungquthela. Iindleko ezinkulu zezezimali zinikezela ngamakhulu ezigidi zeerandi ukwenzela iiprojekthi zokuthutha, ukugqiba ukuba ziziphi iibhulorho ezilungiswayo, ezokuba zithathelwa indawo, kwaye ziziphi iindlela ezintsha eziye zakhiwa.

Imilinganiselo yokhuseleko, iimfuno zokusebenza kakuhle kwepetroli, kunye nemithetho yezorhwebo elawula zonke iilori ezisuka kumthetho wequmrhu. Le mithetho ichaphazela ukhuseleko lwemoto yakho, uqoqosho olufikelelayo, nokhuseleko lokusebenzisana ngezithuthi ezinkulu zentengiso.

Uthutho lukawonke wonke nolunye uthutho

Kubantu abaninzi baseMerika abaxhomekeke kwiibhasi, kuoololiwe abahamba ngaphantsi komhlaba, okanye abahamba ngezithuthi, inkxaso-mali yezezothutho, ichaphazela ubuchule babo bokuya emsebenzini, esikolweni, ukudibana kwezamayeza, nezinye iindawo ezibalulekileyo. Umanyano lothutho lunika uncedo kwizixeko ezithenga izithuthi ezintsha, ulwaluko lokwaluphala, kunye nokwandisa inkonzo kuluntu oluphantsi kwenkonzo.

Umgaqo-nkqubo Werhafu Nomgangatho Wakho Osezantsi Wemali

Mhlawumbi akukho mbopheleleko yombutho echaphazela amaMerika emhlabeni wonke kunerhafu. UmGaqo-siseko unika iBhunga igunya kwirhafu ye-levy, kwaye iNkqutyana yerhafu imisela ukuba ugcina malini na kwingeniso yakho, ukuba ziziphi iincopho onokuzihlawula, nendlela ingeniso karhulumente eqokelelwa ngayo ukuze kuxhaswe iinkonzo zikawonke-wonke.

Irhafu Nezibhexeshi Zerhafu

IBhunga limisela irhafu yerhafu yengeniso yesizwe esetyenziswa kumgangatho wengeniso eyahlukeneyo, idala inkqubo yenkqubela apho abanikazi berhafu bahlawula irhafu ephezulu. Umthetho omkhulu werhafu ungawutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo umrhumo wakho ngokutshintsha la maxabiso ngokutshintsha, ulungelelanisa umgangatho wokuhlawulwa kwemali, okanye utshintshe iityala zerhafu ezifana netyala lerhafu lemveli lemveli encinane lemveli okanye i-Infaced Recome. Xa ingmentary component recorent, bagqiba ukuba imali ehlala engakanani kwi-akejini yakho yerhafu, nokuba ingakanani na ekurhulumente.

Inkqubo yerhafu ikwachaphazela izigqibo eziphambili zobomi kunye nocwangciso lwemali. Iimali ezithengiswayo zemali yendlu zichaphazela izigqibo zokuthenga ekhaya, imiqathango ye-akhawunti yomhlala-phantsi ichaphazela iindlela zogcino-mali ezinde zexesha lomhlala-phantsi, kwaye ingeniso yerhafu iphembelela ukhetho lwerhafu. Iinguqu zengqungquthela kwilungiselelo ngalinye zinokuguqula imali yezigidi zeentsapho.

Irhafu Yeshishini Nomphumo Wezoqoqosho

Irhafu ephantsi ingakhuthaza ukuveliswa kweshishini kunye nerhafu encinane yerhafu emiselwe yiBhunga loshishino, ingakumbi ukunyuka kwerhafu encinane, inkcitho encinane, okanye isenokukhuthaza ukurhwaphiliza ishishini nokusebenza, okanye ingenza ukuba abasebenzi bafumane iimbuyekezo zerhafu ezincinane ngaphandle kokuthoba isantya esiphantsi. Iirhafu zeshishini ezincinane zinganceda abathengisi bakhulise iinkampani zabo baze baqeshe abasebenzi abangakumbi, okanye banikele isiqamsho kubaphathi beshishini abazama ukuzama ukuhlala bedada.

Inkqubo yerhafu yequmrhu ikwathetha ngemisebenzi ethile yoshishino nangemisebenzi elungiselelwe iityala kunye nentengiso.

Amalungelo Omsebenzi Nokhuseleko Emsebenzini

Amalungelo onawo emsebenzini kunye nokhuseleko onalo kucalucalulo, iimeko ezingakhuselekanga, kunye nokuphathwa ngokungekho sikweni konke kuvela kwimithetho edluliselwe yiBhunga. Umthetho wezomsebenzi ulolonga ulwalamano lwabasebenzi nabaqeshi kulo lonke izoqoqosho lwaseMerika.

Imithetho encinci yemali kunye nexesha eligqithileyo

IBhunga limisela umvuzo ophantsi karhulumente, omisela umgangatho wembuyekezo yeyure kulo lonke eli lizwe. Ngoxa amazwe amaninzi nezixeko zimisele umvuzo ophezulu, isantya sikarhulumente sisebenza njengesiseko esisebenza kuyo yonke indawo. Iingxoxo zombutho zokunyusa umvuzo omncinane ngokungqalileyo zichaphazela ingeniso yezigidi zabasebenzi abaphantsi kwemali kunye nemigangatho yempembelelo yemali kulo lonke uqoqosho.

Imimiselo egqithileyo, efuna abaqeshi ukuba bahlawule ixesha nesiqingatha seeyure ezisetyenziselwe abaqeshwa abathile ngeveki, kwakhona zisuka kumthetho wengqesho karhulumente. IBhunga limisela ukuba ngoobani abasebenzi abafanelekela ukukhuselwa ixesha elongeziweyo kwaye bangayiguqula le mithetho ukwandisa okanye ukugquma kwesivumelwano.

Ukhuseleko lwasemsebenzini Nemithetho Echaseneyo

I-Occutation Safety and Health Act, edluliselwe yiKhonklane, esungulwe yimilinganiselo yokukhusela abasebenzi kwiimeko eziyingozi. Inkxaso-mali yeNgqungquthela yamasebe okunyanzela imisela indlela ezinokuphunyezwa ngayo ngokunempumelelo ngayo ezi ndlela zokukhusela. Nokuba indawo osebenza kuyo inezixhobo zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo, uqeqesho olwaneleyo, kunye nokukhuselwa kokuchanabeka okuyingozi kuxhomekeke ngokwemo-mxhesho kwinkcaso yokhuseleko emsebenzini.

Imithetho yamalungelo abantu elwalela ucalucalulo lwemisebenzi esekelwe kuhlanga, imibala, unqulo, isini, imvelaphi yobuzwe, ubudala, kunye neziphene yonke le migaqo ibangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwemithetho yesizwe. Le migaqo ichaphazela izenzo zokuqeshwa, izigqibo zonyuselo, ukuhlawula, ukuhlawula, namandla okusebenza ngaphandle kokukhathazwa. Ukupheliswa kwemisebenzi kunye nomthetho omtsha uyaqhubeka uguqula ezi nxubeko, ukusingatha imicimbi evelayo enjenge-calucalucalucalulo lokukhulelwa, imibandela yolwazi lwemfuno yemfuza, kunye namalungelo e-LGBTQ emsebenzini.

Ukhuseleko Lokusingqongileyo nempilo Kawonke - wonke

Umgangatho womoya owuphefumlayo, ukhuseleko lwamanzi owaselayo, nokukhuselwa kwezithuba zendalo ozinandiphayo konke oku kuxhomekeke kwimithetho yemekobume emiselwe yiBhunga. Umthetho wokusingqongileyo ulungelelanisa inkqubela yezoqoqosho nokulondolozwa kokhuseleko lwempilo noluntu.

Imigangatho yomoya ococekileyo namanzi

Imithetho yemo yendalo ephawulweyo njenge-Celean Air Act ne-Celean Water Act emisele imigangatho karhulumente yomgangatho womoya namanzi, ukuncitshiswa ngokuphawulekayo kongcoliso lomoya ukususela ekumisweni kwayo. Le mithetho ichaphazela ukukhutshwa kwegesi kwizithuthi nakwimizi - mveliso ekuhlaleni, unyango lwamanzi amdaka ngaphambi kokuba athunyelwe emilanjeni nakumachibi, kunye nokujongwa kwamanzi okusela afumaneka kumalungu amdaka.

Izigqibo eziququzelelweyo ezimalunga nomthetho wokugcinwa koqingqo-mali, imiqathango yongcoliso, kunye negunya lokulawula ukuhlambuluka kwemeko-bume yasekuhlaleni ziya kugqiba enoba imekobume yasekuhlaleni iyacoceka okanye ingcoliswe ngakumbi. Xa ingxubusho yenkqubo yemeko-bume, bakhetha impilo yoluntu, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, kunye nokulondolozwa kwexesha elide kobuncwane bendalo.

Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Nomgaqo - siseko Wamandla

Isenzo sombutho kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nenkqubo yamandla ichaphazela indlela elisabela ngayo ilizwe kubushushu behlabathi kunye nokuguqukela kwimithombo yamandla acocekileyo. Umthetho onika iimali zerhafu kwizixhobo zelanga kunye nezithuthi zombane, inkxaso-mali yophando lwamandla avuselelwayo, kunye nemithetho yokukhutshwa kwegesi eshushu ebangela ukuba kubekho amandla alawula ikhaya lakho, ukuphumelela kwezixhobo zakho, kunye neemeko zemozulu ezinde zamaxesha abantwana bakho ziya kudla ilifa.

Inkqubo yamandla ikwachaphazela amatyala ezinto eziluncedo, ukuthembeka kwegridi yombane, kunye nokuphuhliswa kobugcisa obutsha bombane. Inkxaso yomanyano kwimithombo yamandla eyahlukeneyo(-$fossil izibaso zamandla enyukliya, amandla enyukliya, umoya, ilanga, okanye i-injini yombane----injini. idibanisa amandla akhoyo kummandla wakho kunye neziphumo zokukhutshwa kombane.

Ukhuseleko Loluntu, iMedicare, noKhuseleko loMhlala-phantsi

Kubantu abathatha umhlala-phantsi nabaza kungenelwa kwixa elizayo, zimbalwa iimbopheleleko zequmrhu ezibaluleke ngaphezu kokulondoloza nokuguqula uKhuseleko lweNtlalo kunye neMedicare. Ezi nkqubo, ezisungulwe zize zixhaswe yintshukumo yequmrhu, zinika ingeniso yomhlala-phantsi kunye nokunyamekela impilo yamashumi ezigidi zamaMerika.

Iingenelo Zokhuseleko Loluntu Nezicombululo

UKhuseleko loLuntu lunika umhlala-phantsi, ukukhubazeka, kunye neenzuzo ezixhaswa ngemali ehlawulwa ngerhafu ehlawulwayo. IBhunga limisela irhafu ehlawulwayo, ingeniso ehlawulwayo ehlawulwayo, intlawulo yerhafu, ixesha lokuthatha umhlala-phantsi ukuze kungenelwe iingenelo ezipheleleyo, kunye nendlela yokufumana iimali ezizingeneyo. Xa i-Congress Convention Conference Social Security, bagqiba ngokhuseleko lwemali kubantu abathatha umhlala phantsi kweze, kuquka nokuba iingenelo zerhafuthezo ziya kuncitshiswa, okanye ukukhuliswa kweminyaka yokuhlala umhlala phantsi.

Ukusombulula ixesha elide koKhuselo loNtlalo-ntle kuxhomekeke kwinyathelo eliququzelelweyo lokuphendula iimali ezithe zathenjiswa. Nokuba sekungamashumi eminyaka uthathe umhlala phantsi okanye sele ufumana iingenelo, izigqibo zombutho malunga noKhuseleko loNtlalo zichaphazela ucwangciso lwakho lwemali kunye nokhuseleko lwemihlala-phantsi.

Imali ehlawulelwayo kunye neendleko

IMedicare inika ama-inshorensi empilo kubantu baseMerika 65 nabadala kunye nabantu abathile abancinane abakhubazekileyo. IBhunga limisela iinkonzo ezigqunywe yiMedicara, ukungenelwa kwemali ehlawulwayo kwimali nakwiindleko, nokuba inkqubo iquka iingenelo ezifana nenkcazo yeziyobisi yasemthethweni okanye i-amenyo kunye nokunyanyekelwa kwamazinyo. Izigqibo zemali zeBhungane zichaphazela ukuzinza kwemali yeMedicara nomgangatho wokunyamekela abaxhamli.

Njengoko amaxabiso onyango aqhubeka enyuka, ukuthatha inyathelo lombutho kwiMedica kusiba nzulu ngokuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abadala bayakwazi ukufikelela kwiindlela ezinokufikeleleka nezisemgangathweni zonyango. Utshintsho kwiinkqubo zemali zeMedica lubonisa ukuncitshiswa kwenkohliso nenkcitho, kunye neengxoxo ezingeengenelo ezikhulayo zonke zimela izigqibo zengqungquthela ezineziphumo ezinzulu kumaMerika amadala.

Ukhuseleko nokulungelelaniswa kwemali

Imithetho yemali emiselwe yiBhunga ichaphazela amandla akho okuthenga ityala, ukhuseleko lwemali egcinwe ebhankini yakho, nokufumana uncedo xa amashishini esenza izinto ezingekho ngqiqweni.

Imithetho Yokubhanki Neyokutyala

Umthetho weBhunga ulawula indlela esebenza ngayo iibhanki, iindleko ezinokuyihlawula, nendlela ekufuneka bayiphathe ngayo abathengi. Imithetho efuna ukutyhilwa ngokucacileyo amagama ekhadi lokuthenga ngetyala, ithintela iindleko ezithile, nokukhusela ukubolekisa zonke imvelaphi ngokuqhutywa kwesivumelwano. Ukudalwa kweConsumer Financial Protection Bureaunior yeBhunga lezemali yeNkqutyana kwamisela umbutho owiselwe ukunyanzela imithetho yokukhusela abathengi kwicandelo lemali.

I-inshorensi ekhutshwayo nge-Depostit Inishorensi Communitor Corporation, ekhusela imali yakho ebhankini malunga nama-R250 000 nge-akhawunti, ikho ngenxa yokuba iNkomfa iyile kwaye ikho nemali ekhoyo kule nkqubo. Imigaqo yemali ebolekisa ngemali, imali-mali-mali yabafundi, kunye nengxelo yetyala ikwavela kumthetho-ngqungquthela kwaye ichaphazela ukufikelela kwakho kwityala namagama owafumanayo.

Igunya Lokuvelisa Ukhuseleko Nelikhumbulayo

IConsumer Product Safety Commission, emiselwe yiKhomishoni yeNkqutyana, imisela imilinganiselo yokhuseleko kumawaka emveliso yabathengi kwaye inegunya lokukhumbula izinto eziyingozi. Inkxaso-mali yeKhomishini kunye nolawulo lwalo mbutho zimisela indlela ezinokufunyanwa ngayo ngokunempumelelo nezisuswe ngayo iimveliso ezingakhuselekanga emarikeni. Ukusuka kwiitoyiki zabantwana ukuya kwizixhobo zobugcisa zasekhaya, imilinganiselo yokhuseleko ekhusela wena nentsapho yakho kwisenzo sombutho.

IMicimbi yoHlahlo-nkqubo yoLuntu kunye

Igunya leKhomishini elilawula ukufuduka nokuguquka kwezinto zemvelo ezinokungena eUnited States, phantsi kweemeko abantu abanokuhlala phantsi kwazo, nendlela abanokuba ngayo kubemi. Inkqubo yokufuduka ichaphazela uluntu, ukufumaneka kwabasebenzi kushishino olwahlukeneyo, nokuphinda kuhlanganiswe kweentsapho ezahlulwe yimida yezizwe ngezizwe.

Imithetho elawula iimvume zokusebenza zokwexeshana, ukuvunywa kweembacu, iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye nokugcinwa komthetho wolawulo konke kuvela kumthetho wequmrhu. Ukuba uluntu lwenu lwamkela abaphambukeli abatsha, iinguqu zengingqi yenu, kunye nobutyebi benkcubeko kummandla wenu konke kuphenjelelwe yinkqubo yokufuduka equlunqwe yimibutho. KumaMerika aneentlanganiso namalungu phesheya, izigqibo ezithenjiswayo ngokufuduka kwentsapho zigqiba enoba abathandekayo banokubathelela kusini na eUnited States okanye nini.

Ukhuseleko lwesizwe nomgaqo-nkqubo wangaphandle

Ngeli xesha uMongameli esebenza njengoMthetheli-mthetheli-mthetheli-mthetheli-mbutho, iBhunga linegunya elibalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwesizwe nakumgaqo-nkqubo wasemzini. Ingqungquthela ivakalisa imfazwe, ivumela uqingqo-mali lwezomkhosi, ivumela izivumelwano, kwaye ijonge amaqumrhu akrelekrele. Ezi zigqibo zichaphazela ukuba amajoni aseMerika ahlala kwiingingqi zokulwa, ukuba ilizwe lichitha malingakanani ekukhuseleni, kunye nolwalamano lwelizwe namahlakani kunye neentshaba.

Inkxaso-mali ekhoyo yomkhosi imisela ukulungiselela kwemikhosi exhobileyo, izixhobo ezikhoyo kumalungu enkonzo, neengenelo ezinikwa amagqala. Kwiintsapho zemikhosi, izigqibo eziququzelelwayo, ukuhlawulwa kwemali, ukukhathalelwa kwempilo, kunye nemfundo zingenelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwimpembelelo yobomi nokhuseleko lwemali. Iingenelo ze-Vereteran, kuquka ukunyanyekelwa kwempilo ngenkqubo yeVA, intlawulo yesiphene, kunye noncedo lwemfundo, zonke zixhomekeke kwingqungquthela yengquthela kunye notshintsho lwemithetho-mthetho.

Indlela Yokufumana Nokuqhagamshelana Nabameli BeeKhonkcothane Zakho

Ukunxulumana nabameli bakho abanyuliweyo kunelungelo elisisiseko nembopheleleko yobumi. Ukwazi ukuba ngubani okumelayo nendlela yokunxibelelana nabo kukunika amandla okuba nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi nokuxhasa imiba ebalulekileyo kuwe.

Ukufanisa Abameli Bakho

EMelika nganye inamalungu amathathu eBhunga eliwameleyo: ummeli omnye kwindlu kunye nee-senator ezimbini. Ungababona lula abameli bakho ngokutyelela . www.confor.gov[FLT] ngokungena kwikhowudi okanye idilesi yakho. Le webhsayithi yorhulumente esemthethweni inika ulwazi loqhagamshelano, izabelo zekomiti, kunye nomsebenzi wemithetho yamalungu onke eBhunga.

Iofisi nganye yengqungquthela igcina iindlela ezininzi zokunxibelelana nabo, kuquka amanani omnxeba eeofisi zeWashington, D.C. kunye nee-ofisi zesithili, iidilesi zokuposa, iifomu zokunxibelelana nee-imeyili, kunye nee-akhawunti zezezentlalo-ntle. Abameli abaninzi bafumana iiyure ze-ofisi ezithe rhoqo kwisithili sabo apho abaququzeleli badibana nabasebenzi okanye ngamanye amaxesha ilungu ngokwalo.

Ubuchule Bonxibelelwano Obunempumelelo

Xa uqhagamshelana nabameli bakho, unxibelelwano olucacileyo nolufutshane luvelisa iziphumo ezingcono. Qalisa ukuzichaza njengomququzeleli, kuquka idilesi yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlala kwisithili okanye kwiphondo labo. Lichaze kakuhle imo yakho kule mbambano, chaza indlela ekuchaphazela ngayo wena ngokobuqu okanye uluntu lwakho, kwaye wenze isicelo esingqalileyo, njengokucela ukuba bavote indlela ethile yokubeka umthetho okanye kwisivumelwano esithile.

Amabali obuqu kunye neempembelelo zasekuhlaleni zivakala ngamandla kuneengongoma eziqhelekileyo zokuthetha. Abasebenzi bombutho bafumana inkxaso-ndlela yonxibelelwano kunye neziphumo zenkqubo zelungu, ngoko ilizwi lakho linegalelo ekuqondeni kwabo izinto eziza kuqala. Ngoxa unokuthi ufumane ifomu yeleta ngokuphendula, yazi ukuba unxibelelwano lwakho luphulwe lwaza lwabalwa.

Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba Kwinkqubo Yedemokhrasi Ngaphaya Kwendlela

Ngoxa ukuvota kulolona hlobo lusisiseko lokuthabatha inxaxheba kwezentlalo, kukho namanye amathuba amaninzi okubandakanyeka kwiiKhonkxa nokuphembelela inkqubo yowiso - mthetho.

Ukuya Kwiintlanganiso ZeHolo Yedolo NeeNkundla Zoluntu

Amalungu amaninzi eBhunga aqhuba iintlanganiso zeholo yedolophu kwisithili sawo, ingakumbi ngexesha lentlanganiso. Ezi ziganeko zinika amathuba okuva ngqo kummeli wakho, ukubuza imibuzo, nokuchaza iimbono zakho kwindawo yombutho kawonke-wonke. Iiholo zedolophana zikwakuvumela ukuba uve inkxalabo yabantu abahlala kunye nawe uze uqonde umgangatho wendlela ozijonga ngayo izinto kuluntu lwakho.

Nokuba ngaba awukwazi ukuya ngokobuqu, abameli abaninzi ngoku banikela iiholo zedolophana ezithe ngqo okanye iiholo zemfonomfono ezivumela ukuba ube nenxaxheba kakhulu. Ukulandela abameli bakho kumajelo eendaba oluntu nokutyikitya intetho ngeposi yabo kukugcina usazi iziganeko ezizayo namathuba okuganana.

Ukuthobela Amagqabaza Nobungqina Basesidlangalaleni

Iikomiti zeKhomishoni zisoloko zivuma ukuba kuthethwe ngazo ngomthetho oqwalaselweyo. Ukuba unobuchule okanye amava obuqu anxulumene nomthetho osele ukho, ubungqina obunika ingqwalaselo bunganika abenzi bomthetho imbono exabisekileyo. Iiwebhsayithi zeekomiti zinikela inkcazelo ngokuchongwa okuzayo nemiyalelo yokuthobela amagqabaza.

Kwakhona la magqabaza anceda ekulungiseni imithetho emiselwe yiBhunga avumela amagqabaza kawonke-wonke ngexesha lokwenziwa kolawulo.

Ukudibana kwamaqumrhu obuchule kunye neNtshukumo yeeNkcukacha

Imibutho yolawulo oluphezulu ejolise kwimiba ethile idla ngokuququzelela amaphulo okuphembelela inyathelo lombutho. Ukuthelela le mibutho kuqinisa ilizwi lakho ngokulidibanisa namawaka okanye izigidi zabanye abasabelana nawe. La maqela adla ngokunikela izilumkiso malunga nomthetho osele uhleli, acwangcise iintsuku zokutsala apho ii-ofisi ze-commentation zityelela khona, kwaye anikele uqeqesho kwiindlela zobugcisa ezisebenzayo.

Enoba unomdla kukhuseleko lwemekobume, ukuphucula impilo, ukuxhasa imfundo, amalungelo abantu, okanye nawuphi na omnye umba, imibutho yolawulo lobugcisa ikho ukuze isebenzise amandla abemi kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko. Imibutho emininzi inikela amalungu ngokukhululekileyo kwaye inika iindlela ezilula zokuqhagamshelana neKhomishoni ngeewebhsayithi zayo.

Ukuqonda Unyulo Lweengqungquthela Nempembelelo Yazo

Unyulo lweKhonklare lumisela ukuba ngubani oza kukumela eWashington kwaye liliphi iqela elilawula igumbi ngalinye. Olu nyulo luyenzeka rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini, ngezihlalo zonke zeNdlu kunye phantse nesinye sesithathu sezihlalo zeNdlu yeNtlanganiso kumjikelo ngamnye. Iziphumo zezi zimo zokubumba ucwangciso lwemithetho, ukumisela ukhokelo lwekomiti, kunye nempembelelo kwiindleko ezithathwayo.

UKhetho oluBanzi kunye Nokukhetha

Phambi konyulo jikelele, unyulo oluphambili lugqiba ukuba ngoobani abaza kumela iqela ngalinye lezobupolitika. Unyulo oluphambili lusoloko lufumana ingqalelo encinane kunonyulo oluqhelekileyo kodwa lungalinganayo okanye lubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi kwisithili apho iqela elinye lilawula khona. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo oluphambili kukunika impembelelo kubathathi-nxaxheba abaza kuvela kunyulo-nyulwa ngokubanzi nakwizikhundla zenkqubo abaza kuxhasa kuzo.

Imithetho yonyulo engundoqo iyahluka ngokwemeko, namanye amazwe abamba iindawo ezivulekileyo apho nabani na obhalisiweyo angathatha inxaxheba kwilungu ngalinye eliyintloko, ngelinye ixesha amanye agcina amabala avaliweyo ebekwe kumalungu eqela abhalisiweyo. Ukuqonda inkqubo ephambili yelizwe lakho kwaye ukuba nenxaxheba kolu ncalo kukwandisa impembelelo yakho phezu komntu okumeleyo.

Ukubaluleka Kokhetho Oluphakathi Kwexesha Elitsha

Unyulo lweMidterm, olubanjwe phakathi kwexesha lomongameli, ngokwembali lubona ukujika okusezantsi kunonyulo lomongameli kodwa lunesiphumo esilinganayo sokwenziwa kombutho. Ulawulo lweKhomishini lungatshintsha phakathi kwexesha, lungaguqula ngokuphawulekayo ulawulo lwemithetho kunye nekhono loMongameli lokuqhubela phambili ucwangciso. Unyulo oluphakathi kwexesha luqinisekisa ukuba ilizwi lakho livakala kolu khuphiswano lunengxubevange eWashington.

Emva Komsebenzi Wembutho Nokuhlala Ufundile

Ukuhlala wazi ngemisebenzi yengqungquthela kukunceda uqonde indlela izigqibo eziye zathatyathwa ngayo eWashington ezibuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho yaye kukwenza ukwazi ukubandakanyeka ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi nabameli bakho.

IiNkcukacha eziBalulekileyo eziBalulekileyo

I-website esemthethweni.gov inika ulwazi olubanzi malunga nomthetho, imisebenzi yeekomiti, imicimbi yomgangatho, kunye nolwazi lwamalungu. Ungaphengulula amatyala ngenani okanye ngegama, landela ubume bomthetho, funda iingxelo zeekomiti, kwaye ufikelele kwiCongregational Record, ebhala zonke iingxoxo zomgangatho kunye neevoti. Eli cebo lesisa linikela ingqiqo kwinkqubo yomthetho likuvumela ukuba ulandele imiba engo kuwe.

I-C-SPAN inikela ingxelo ephilayo yemiba yomgangatho wendlu nendlu yeNdlu yeeNtlanganiso, iindlebe zekomiti, nezinye iziganeko zombutho. Ukubukela ezi ziganeko kunika ukufikelela okungacocekanga kwiingxoxo zombutho zengqungquthela kwaye kukunceda uqonde iimpikiswano kunye neembono zomthetho obumba.

Imithombo yeendaba kunye nohlalutyo

Imibutho edumileyo yamajelo eendaba igubungela imisebenzi yequmrhu lemibutho yowiso-mthetho kwaye inike uhlalutyo lwenkqubela-nkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Ukulandela imithombo emininzi yeendaba eneembono ezahlukeneyo kukunceda ukuba uhlakulele ukuqonda okuziimeko ezintlukwano. Jonga imithombo eyahlula ngokucacileyo phakathi kokubika iindaba noluvo, chaza imithombo yayo, kwaye unikezele umongo ukwenzela izenzo zombutho.

Iimpapasho ezibhekiselele ngokukhethekileyo kurhulumente nakwinkqubo, njenge Isicelo esipheleleyo , iHill, kunye nePolitico, zinika intsalela eneenkcukacha yemisebenzi yengqungquthela kunye nembono zangaphakathi kwimithetho-siseko. Ezi mithombo zingakunceda uqonde izibalo zezopolitiko kunye neenkqubo ze-procedrol eziphembelela iziphumo ze-witroli.

Indima yeeKomiti zoMbutho Ekuphathweni

Iikomiti zeBhunga zisebenza njengeenjini zenkqubo yowiso-mthetho, ziqhuba umsebenzi onkcacileyo wokuhlolisisa izindululo zenkqubo, ukuqokelela ulwazi, nokwenza umthetho. Ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo kunceda kucaciswe isizathu sokuba iikomiti ezithile zifumane ingxubusho ngoxa ezinye zityhafile.

IiKomiti Ezimileyo Nezityholo Zazo

Indlu neNdlu yeNdlu igcina iikomiti ezimiyo nezinegunya kwimimandla ethile yezomthetho. IKomiti yeNdlu kunye neMathelo ilawula inkqubo yerhafu, iKomiti yeeNkonzo zeNdlu yeeNdlu yeeNdlu ze-ofisi zeNdlu yeeNdlu zoLawulo loMkhosi, kunye neKomiti yeMali neyoMsebenzi weNdlu yeNdlu, kunye neNdlu yoNxulumano, phakathi kwezinye imibandela, kunye nokhuseleko lwabathengi. Ikomiti nganye iphuhlisa ubuchule kummandla wayo ophantsi komthetho yaye iqhuba impembelelo ebalulekileyo kulawulo lwayo.

Amalungu eKomiti axabisekile kuba anika amalungu alo impembelelo kumgaqo-nkqubo kwimimandla ebalulekileyo kwimibutho yawo okanye kwizinto zawo zobuqu. Izihlalo zekomiti, ngamaxesha onke amalungu eqela elininzi, asebenzisa amandla akhethekileyo ngokulawula ucwangciso lweekomiti, agqibe ukuba ngawaphi amatyala afumana ukuchongwa, nokuqwalaselwa komthetho wekomiti kumgangatho.

Ikomitana engaphantsi kunye nokujolisa okukhethekileyo

Iikomiti ezininzi ezimileyo zahlula umsebenzi wazo phakathi kwamakomiti angaphantsi ngemithetho encinane. Iikomiti ezingaphantsi ziqhuba ukuchotshelwa, ukuhlolisiswa komthetho, nokunconywa kwekomiti epheleleyo. Esi sakhiwo sivumela ingqalelo engakumbi kwimibandela entsonkothileyo kwaye sinika amalungu angakumbi anamathuba okuphuhlisa ubuchule nempembelelo.

Ngokulandela iikomiti neekomiti ezisebenza kwimiba yakho entle kukunceda ubhale umthetho ngaphambi kokuba ufike kumgangatho opheleleyo weNdlu yeNdlu. Iiwebhsayithi zeekomiti zinikela ucwangciso lwezimvo, uluhlu lwamangqina, yaye ngokufuthi oovimba beevidiyo, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuhlala waziwa ngemibandela oyikhathaleleyo.

Ukulawulwa kweBhunga noXotho lukaRhulumente

Ngaphandle kokubekwa komthetho, iBhunga lineembopheleleko ezibalulekileyo zokongamela, lijonge indlela elisebenzisa ngayo imithetho yesebe eliphetheyo nendlela amasebe alawulayo asebenzisa ngayo imali ehlawulwayo. Lo msebenzi wobuveleli uchaphazela ubunjani nokuphumelela kweenkonzo zikarhulumente oxhomekeke kuzo.

Uphando lweBhunga lungabhenca inkcitho, ubuqhetseba, kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kweenkqubo zikarhulumente, nto leyo ekhokelela kutshintsho oluphuculayo lwenkonzo nokukhusela oovimba berhafu. Amatyala athe athe aqwalasela umsebenzi wombutho, amagosa aphezulu esebe, kwaye abeke urhulumente etyala kuluntu ngokubanzi. Xa iBhunga lihlola iingxaki zobugcisa bamagqala, ulawulo lwezentlalo-ntle, okanye nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi karhulumente, basebenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ezi nkqubo zisebenza ngokunempumelelo kuluntu.

I-Ofisi yeMali kaRhulumente, iNkqutyana ephandayo, iqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi kunye nohlolo lweenkqubo zesizwe kwisicelo sombutho. I-GAO idla ngokuchaza iingxaki kwaye incomela izisombululo, inika iKhomishini ngohlalutyo oluzimeleyo ukuze yazise ulawulo nesenzo sowiso-mthetho.

Indlela Uqingqo - mali Oluyingqalelo Ngayo Kwindawo Ephambili Yesizwe

Inkqubo yoqingqo-mali karhulumente imele enye yeembopheleleko zeBhunga ezibaluleke kakhulu, ukumisela ukuba izigidi-zigidi zeerandi ezikumhlawuli werhafu zinikezelwa kangakanani kwiinkqubo zikarhulumente nezinto eziza kuqala. Izigqibo zoqingqo-mali zichaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zomsebenzi karhulumente, kwaye, ngokongeza, ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.

Inkqubo yoNyaka yokuKhuthazwa

Nyaka ngamnye, iKhomishini kufuneka idlulise iindleko zemali ezihlawulwayo zokuxhasa imisebenzi karhulumente. La matyala amisela amanqanaba okusetyenziswa kwemali ukuze kukhuselwe, kufunyanwe imfundo, ukunyamekela impilo, izibonelelo, uphando lwenzululwazi, ukunyanzeliswa komthetho, nezinye iinkqubo ezingenakubalwa. Xa iingxoxo zeKhomishini, bagqiba ukuba zeziphi ezona ziphambili ezifumana inkxaso-mali emandla kwaye buphi ubuso obunokusiphazamisa okanye obungasindileyo.

Ukungaphumeleli ukugqithisa amatyala okubhudla ngonyaka wesibhaka-bhaka ngo-Oktobha 1st kungakhokelela ekuvalweni kwemiqobo karhulumente, apho iinkonzo zikarhulumente ezingezozentengiselwano ziphela khona kwaye amakhulu amawaka abasebenzi basekuhlaleni athintelwe. Oku kuvala kungachaphazela iipaki zesizwe, inkqubo yokuhambisa iipasipokus, imali-mali encinci yeshishini, nezinye iinkonzo ezininzi, ezibonisa iziphumo zokwenene zehlabathi zenkxwaleko yoqingqo-mali.

Iinkqubo Zokusebenzisa Imali Nezihlomelo Ezinentlonipho

Inxenye enkulu yenkcitho karhulumente ihlelwe njengeyokunyanzelisa, ithetha ukuba imiswe yimithetho elawulayo emiselwe kumthetho osisigxina kunokuba imiselwe ngonyaka. Ukhuseleko lweNtlalo, Medicare, kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezigunyazisayo zehlela kweli candelo. IBhunga lingatshintsha ukusetyenziswa kwezi nkqubo kuphela ngokuguqula imithetho ephantsi elawulayo, eyenza utshintsho lube nzima ngokwezobupolitika kodwa lube nokubaluleka okunikwayo kobungakanani bezi nkqubo.

Iingxoxo ezingendlela yokusetyenziswa kwemali efunekayo zisoloko zibhekisele ekulondolozweni kwexesha elide, njengoko ezi nkqubo zithenjiwe ukuba zigqibe intsabelo eyandayo yoqingqo-mali karhulumente njengoko abantu bekhula. Izigqibo zombutho malunga nokutshintsha iimfuno zichaphazela iinzuzo zezigidi zabantu baseMerika zixhomekeke kwinkozo nerhafu efunekayo ukuxhasa ezi nkqubo.

Ukuthabatha Inyathelo: Imaphu Yakho Eza Kubandakanyeka Kwingqungquthela

Ukuqonda indlela iCongress esebenza ngayo nechaphazela ngayo ubomi bakho linyathelo lokuqala. Ukudlulisela olo lwazi kwisivumelwano esisebenzayo kukwenza uzive ukhululekile kwaye kunegalelo kwidemokhrasi ebhetele.

Ukwakha Ulwalamano Lomsebenzi

Ukuganana okunempumelelo akufuni yure zomgudu wemihla ngemihla. Ukuseka inkqubo ezinzileyo kukunceda ukuba uhlale usazi yaye ungazinzi. Cinga ngexesha ozibekela bucala iveki nganye ukuze uhlole iindaba ezingemisebenzi yembutho, jonga imeko yomthetho owukhathaleleyo, okanye ufunde uhlaziyo kubameli bakho.

Xa kuphakama imbambano ekuxhalabisayo, khawunxibelelane nabameli bakho, wabelane ngabahlobo nentsapho, okanye ube nenxaxheba kumaphulo okukhuthuza inzala. Kwanezenzo ezincinane, eziphindaphindiweyo kumawaka eengingqi, zinokuphembelela izigqibo zombutho zize zibonise inkxaso okanye inkcaso yoluntu kwiinkqubo.

Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo Okuphulaphulwa Kwelizwi Lakho

Nazi izenzo ezicacileyo onokuzenza ukuze ubandakanyeke kwiKhonkxa kunye nokuba nenxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi:

  • Ubhaliso lokuvota nokuthatha inxaxheba kunyulo ngalunye, kuquka iPrimiries kunye nonyulo olukhethekileyo
  • Ibonisa abameli bakho kwindlu nendlu yeCamelo kwaye igcine ulwazi lwabo loqhagamshelwano
  • Uphawu oluphezulu lohlaziyo lwe email olusuka kubameli bakho ukuhlala benolwazi ngemisebenzi yabo nendawo yabo
  • Ulandela iKhonkethi.gov ukulandelela umthetho kwimibandela efuna umba kuwe
  • Xhulumana nabameli bakho xa iivoti ezibalulekileyo zilindele okanye xa unoxanduva malunga nenkqubo
  • Iintlanganiso zeholo yedolophu ezithe gqo okanye ezinye iziganeko zikawonke-wonke apho ungadibana khona ngqo nabameli bakho
  • Iqukuqela lokuphatha lilungelelaniswe namaxabiso akho ukuze ukhulise ilizwi lakho kwimiba ethile
  • Inkcazelo yokwabelana malunga nemisebenzi yembutho nabahlobo, intsapho kunye nee-webhsayithi zokunxibelelana ukunyusa ulwazi
  • Umxhasi wamaphulo abaxhasi abandawo zihambelana namaxabiso akho
  • Zifundise ngokwakho[ malunga nenkqubo yowiso-mthetho kunye needilesi ze Constantive congress
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi nokuwenza aviwe amazwi abo
  • Abameli ababambekileyo baphendula [ ngokufumana amavoti abo nangokuthelekisa izenzo zabo nezithembiso zabo zephulo

Amandla Okufundiswa Ukuba Ummi

IiKhomyutha ziguqula ubomi baseMerika ngendlela ezinzulu nesasazeke kakhulu, ukusuka kwindlela ohamba ngayo, ukusuka kwiirhafu ozihlawulayo ukuya emoyeni owuphefumlayo. Yonke imigaqo-nkqubo engundoqo echaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla (imfundo, umsebenzi, ukukhusela abathengi, ukuthatha umhlala phantsi, umgangatho wemekobume, kunye nezinye ezininzi (ukuphenjelelwa ngumthetho wengqungquthela kunye nolawulo.)

Ukuqonda olu nxulumano phakathi kwesenzo sombutho kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla kuguqula iinkqubo zezobupolitika ezingaqondakaliyo zibe zizinto zenyani ezinokubaluleka kobuqu. Xa uqonda ukuba iingxoxo eWashington zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo impumelelo yentsapho yakho, impumelelo yoluntu lwenu, kunye nekamva lelizwe lenu, ukuganana akubi ngumsebenzi wesizwe kodwa kuba yimfuno eluncedo.

Inkqubo yedemokhrasi yabameli eMerika ixhomekeke kulwazi, kubemi abafuna ukuba amagosa abo anyulwe aphendule kwaye abe nenxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kwinkqubo yezopolitiko. Imicimbi yelizwi lakho, amanani akho, nokuganana kwakho kwenza umahluko. Ngokuhlala waziwa ngemisebenzi yequmrhu, ngokunxibelelana nabameli bakho, nokuba nenxaxheba kunyulo, nisebenzisa amalungelo asisiseko kunye neembopheleleko zobumi ngoxa ninceda ekulungiseni imithetho elawula ubomi bethu besizwe esahlukeneyo.

IBhunga lisenokubonakala likude kwaye lingaphazanyiswa kwizinto ezixhalabisayo zemihla ngemihla, kodwa inyaniso kukuba zimbalwa iziko elichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Ukususela kwixesha ovuka ngalo ukuya kulala, izigqibo zombutho zichaphazela amava akho, amathuba, kunye nocelomngeni. Ukuqonda olu nxibelelwano nokusebenzisa zona ngokuzibophelela ngolwazi kukunika amandla okuba nenxaxheba kwidemokhrasi nokuxhasa imithetho nezinto eziphambili ezibaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakwingingqi yakho.