Oko Kuthethwa Kukhetho Oluphambili Kuluntu Lwakho NakuLizwi Lakho

Unyulo lokuqala lumela enye yee-operacraties eziphambili kodwa ezisoloko zityeshelwa. Ngelixesha unyulo ngokubanzi luthatha uninzi lwengqalelo yoluntu kunye nosasazo lobuzwe, olonyulo oluphambili lusebenza njengenqanaba elisisiseko apho impembelelo yengingqi, urhulumente, kunye nolawulo lwesizwe igqibeke ngokwenene. Olu khuphiswano lokuqala lugqiba ukuba ngoluphi oluza kuthwala umgwebo wombutho wabo kunyulo jikelele, ngokunempumelelo ukuphucula ukhetho olukhoyo kubo bonke abavotisi kungakhathaliseki ukuba badlelani. Kukho abemi abafuna ukwandisa impembelelo yabo kwiziphumo zenkqubo kunye nokhokelo lwebutho labantu, ukuqonda nokuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo oluphambili akuyo nje kuphela kubalulekile.

Ukubaluleka konyulo lokuqala kudlulela ngaphaya kokukhetha amagama nje kuphela. Olu khuphiswano lumisela ulwalathiso lwengqiqo lwamaqela ezobupolitika, impembelelo yenkqubo eza kuqala kwiminyaka ezayo, kwaye ngokufuthi lungqineka lunyulu oluzinzileyo kunokhetho ngokubanzi, ingakumbi kwisithili apho iqela elinye lifumana uncedo olubalulekileyo. Kumazwe amaninzi kulo lonke elaseUnited States, unyulo lokuqala lumisela ngokunempumelelo ukuphumelela kwempembelelo yonyulo oluqhelekileyo, ukwenza ukuba inxaxheba ephambili yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo kubemi ukusebenzisa ilizwi labo ledemokhrasi. Phezu kwako nje okubalulekileyo, unyulo oluphambili lusoloko lufumana ivoti ephantsi kweminye ephantsi kunenkokeli jikelele, ithetha ukuba inxalenye encinane ngokunxulumene nempembelelo ephambili kukhetho lomvoti-coti, kunye nolwandisho, iziphumo zolawulo.

Ukuqonda Inkqubo Esisiseko Yokhetho

Umsebenzi wonyulo lokuqala njengendlela apho amaqela ezobupolitika akhetha khona abatshayeli bawo abasemthethweni kunyulo jikelele. Le nkqubo yenzeka kumanqanaba amaninzi karhulumente ngexesha elinye, ukusuka kwiindawo zebhodi yesikolo kunye nee-ofisi zikamasipala ukuya kumisela izihlalo zowiso-mthetho, izihlalo zombutho, kwaneenkqubo zolawulo lomongameli. Le nkqubo iphambili yavela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 njengenkqubo eqhubekekayo elungiselelwe ukudlulisela igunya kubaphathi beqela kunye noomatshini bezobupolitika kubavoti abaqhelekileyo, ukuhlahlela inkqubo yokukhetha abaqhubi bemi bowiso-mthetho, ukulungiselela ukumisela iingcango ezivaliweyo kumagumbi azele ngumlilo.

Isakhiwo nemithetho elawula unyulo oluphambili yahluka kakhulu kwiimeko ezininzi, idala umsebenzi onzima weenkqubo ezingadidanisa kwanabemi abathenjiweyo ngokwezobupolitika. imisela ukuba inxaxheba kubavoti ababhaliswe ngeqela elithile lezobupolitika, ivumela kuphela iiDemocrates ukuba zivote kwiDemocratic Primmary kunye neeRiphabliki ezitshayelela kwiRiphabliki. Le nkqubo, esetyenziswa kumazwe anjenge New York, Florida, kunye nePennsylvania, yenzelwe ukukhusela ukuvota kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba iqela elinyanisekileyo likhethwe kuphela liqela kunamalungu akwizintlukwano zodwa kunokuba livoteksc ee.

ivula amasuntswana ithatha indlela echaseneyo, ivumela abavoti ukuba bathathe inxaxheba nakweliphi na iqela na nanaliphi na igalelo lokuqala. Ama-United States afana noWisconsin, Michigan, kunye neMissouri asebenzisa le nkqubo, ekhuthaza ukulwandisa inxaxheba kwaye avelisa abathathi-nxaxheba abathelekisayo abaninzi ngokugqithisileyo. Iinqanawa kumazwe avulekileyo angakhetha ukuba ngaliphi iqela eliphambili ekuvoteleni ngomhla wokhetho ngokwalo, nangona zingathatha inxaxheba kwilungu eliphambili leqela elinye lomjikelo wokhetho.

Semi-crine okanye i-dromprives imela umhlaba ophakathi, kunye nolwahluka-hlukeneyo olunokuvumela inani elikhulayo labavoti abangakhange bangenelele okanye abazimeleyo ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwi-primes zamaqela ngeli lixa lisabophelela amalungu abhalisiweyo kukhuphiswano lwamaqela abo. Amazwe anjengoColorado noNew Hampshire amkele iinguqulelo zolu hlobo, eqonda inani elikhulayo lamavotisccoffea angavumiyo ukungenela naliphi iqela elikhulu ngexa esalawula iqela elithile kwinkqubo yokungasebenzisi mithetho.

Amanye amaphondo aye azama ezinye iinkqubo ezichaseneyo ngokupheleleyo. Aphezulu-iindawo ezimbini eziphambili , zikwabizwa ngokuba zi-primiaries zasehlathini okanye ii-primiaries ezingekho kwicala le-partarian, zivumela bonke abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba baphumeze ibhola yokuqala enye ephambili nokuba ngaba badibene namaqela, nabo bonke abavoti bakwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba. Abaphezulu baphumele phambili kwivoti ezimbini kunyulo jikelele, nokokuba bobabini bebonke bebonke beqela elinye. California kunye neWashington bafake le nkqubo, nto enokuthi iphumele kunyulo oluqhelekileyo oluveza unyulo lubini okanye ezimbini iiRiphabliki eziphikisana nxamnye nezinye ezikhulu kwimimandla ephezulu.

I-Alaska kutshanje yamkela inkqubo engundoqo engundoqo--4 idityaniswe nokuvota okunemiqathango kunyulo jikelele, imela enye yezona ndlela zobuchule zokunyulwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Le nkqubo ijolise ekunciphiseni ulungiso lwemimandla engaphandle kunye nokunika abathathi-nxaxheba abazimeleyo kunye necandelo lesithathu indlela engcono ukuya eofisini.

Umgca wexesha kunye nenkqubo yokhetho oluphambili

Unyulo lokuqala lulandela ucango lwexesha olucwangcisiweyo oluthi lwahlukane ngomjikelo wesizwe nowonyulo. Abalawuli bamaphondo bafumana eyona ngxaki iphambili, kunye namaphondo akhuphisana ngokucwangcisa ukhuphiswano lwawo ekuqaleni konyaka wonyulo. Iowa caucuses kunye neNew Hampshire ngokuyintloko ithathe izikhundla zokuqala kwikhalenda ehlokozisa umongameli, inika la mazwe mancinane aphembelela ukupeyintsaba entsiba yabahlazi bemi kunye nolwakhiwo lwangaphambili.

Kurhulumente nakwiiofisi zasekuhlaleni, unyulo oluphambili oludla ngokwenzeka kwintwasahlobo okanye ehlotyeni lwaminyaka yonyulo, iinyanga eziliqela ngaphambi konyulo jikelele lukaNovemba. Eli xesha livumela abaphumeleleyo ukuba bajikeleze ukusuka kumaphulo onyulo oluneetraparty ukuya kumaphulo jikelele onyulo, ukuqinisa inkxaso yamaqela, nokwakha imibutho yokhuphiswano lokugqibela. Amanye amaphondo agcina amagumbi aphezulu kwasekuqaleni ngoMatshi, ngoxa amanye alinda de kube ngoAgasti okanye kwangoSeptemba, edala uthotho lweengxlundo oluqengqeleyo lokhuphiswayo olunwela ukhuphiswayo lonyaka wonke.

Inkqubo yokufumana ibhanki yokuqala iyahluka ngokwesikhundla nangamandla kodwa idla ngokufuna abatshayeli ukuba babhale amaphepha asemthethweni, bahlawule iirhafu, baqokelele inani elichaziweyo lezicelo ezivela kubavoti ababhalisiweyo. Ezi mfuneko zisebenza njengomqobo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abahlolo banako ubuncinane inkxaso encinane kunye nobuchule bentlangano, nangona abagxeki bephikisa ukuba bangenza imiqobo kwabaqhubi abangenazo iingcambu ngaphandle kokumiswa koqhagamshelwano lwezopolitiko okanye oovimba bemali.

Xa abatshati befanelekela ivoti, iphulo lokuqala liqala ngokunyanisekileyo. Abavoti abasisiseko beqela labo, abatyekele ekuzibopheleleni ngokweembono zabo nakwezobupolitika kunabo bavoti jikelele. Le misebenzi ixhobisa abathathi-nxaxheba kwizithuba ezithe kratya ngexesha lokufumana i-primedy, isiganeko maxa wambi esibizwa ngokuba "ukubalekela esisekelweni," silandelwa kukulinganisela okanye ukujika-jika ngakwisiphakathi sonyulo jikelele.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukukhetha Okuphambili Kubaluleke Kakhulu Kunoko Ucinga Ngako

Ukubaluleka konyulo lokuqala akunakuchazwa ngokungaphezulu, ingakumbi kwixesha lokwanda kwemimandla ephakamileyo yezobupolitika kunye nokhetho lomhlaba apho izithili ezininzi zonyulo zilawulwa liqela elinye. Kwezi ndawo zingadibanisiyo jikelele ezilawulayo. Ngoku zibumba izihlalo ezininzi ze-commiontions kunye nezithi zininzi zephondo zemithetho-mthetho ``indawo ephambili kuphela enenjongo yokhuphiswano. Umvuzo weqela elilawulayo uqinisekiswe ukuphumelela kunyulo jikelele, ukwenza unyulo oluphambili lwedeo lwendawo emisela ukukhethwa.

Oku kuthetha ukuba kumazwe amaninzi, inani elincinane labavoti abathatha inxaxheba kwi-primcaries lisebenzisa impembelelo enkulu kuneziphumo zokulawula kunezonyulo olukhulu. Xa icandelo elikhulu lonyulo lihamba linyuse inqwelo-moya emalunga nama-20-30% yabavoti ababhalisiweyo, njengoko kudla ngokwenzeka, umvoti uzakukhusela ukusetyenziswa kweqela labo ngenkxaso esuka kwi 10-15% yabanyuli abapheleleyo. Kwisithili esilawulayo, eli qhekeza lincinane likhetha ngokunempumelelo umgcini-ofisi obhalileyo, liphakamisa imibuzo ebalulekileyo ngomelo lwedemokhrasi kunye nokufaneleka.

Kukwasebenza unyulo oluphambili njengendawo yokulwa ulwalathiso lwengqiqo phakathi kwamaqela ezobupolitika. Iziphumo zolu khuphiswano phakathi kwabahlali abachaphazelekayo abachaphazelekayo kunye nabacebisi abachaphazelekayo, phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba nabahlaziyi beengcamango, phakathi komanyano olwahlukeneyo kunye nemigaqo ephambili yabemi kunye nezinto eziphambili zokwenza ingxubevange ezikhoyo.

Imijikelo yonyulo yakutshanje ibonise amandla okuguqula imingeni ephambili. Abalawuli abaphezulu ababebonakala bekhuselekile baye bajamelana nezisongelo ezinzulu eziphambili ezivela kubahlohli abaxambulisanayo, bathe bangabi naxeshana, bakhulu kakhulu, bakhutshwe kakhulu kwimibutho, okanye bajoliswe kwimiba ekhethekileyo. Olu celomngeni lukhulu luye lwaguqula kwakhona abathunywa bembutho, iindlu zowiso-mthetho, kunye namaqumrhu alawulayo, ngokufuthi avelisa utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwimiqathango yemithetho kunye neendlela zokulawula.

Impembelelo kwiingxaki zoLuntu noLawulo lwasekuhlaleni

Nangona impembelelo yezobupolitika yesizwe idla ngokulawula unyulo oluphambili, impembelelo yezi mbambano kwimibandela yasekuhlaleni ifanele iqwalaselwe ngendlela efanayo. Unyulo oluphambili lugqiba ukuba ngubani oya kwenza izigqibo eziqatha malunga nemfundo, ukuveliswa kwemali, ukhuseleko lwezibonelelo, imimiselo yokubhalisa indalo, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, neminye imibandela emininzi echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi bemihla ngemihla kwimimandla yelizwe lonke.

Qwalasela inkqubo yemfundo, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwiintsapho ezininzi kunye noluntu. Unyulo oluphambili lugqiba ukuba ngoobani abaza kusebenza kwiibhodi zesikolo, kwiindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente ezimisela iinkqubo zemfundo kunye nemigangatho yokufundisa, nakwieofisi zeerhuluneli ezibumba imfundo ephambili ezweni lonke. Abachongi abaphambili badla ngokubeka izithuba ezikhethekileyo kwimibandela efana nokhetho lwesikolo, intlawulo olusezantsi, uvavanyo lwemfundo, umyingeno wemfundo. Abaphumelele kwezi zifundo bayaqhubeka ukwenza izigqibo ezichaphazela ubunjani bemfundo efumaneka kuluntu, ootitshala, oovimba abafumanekayo, kunye nomthwalo werhafuthelo kwimicimbi yempahla yasekuhlaleni.

Ulwakhiwo oluphezulu lwezibonelelo kunye nophuhliso lumela enye indawo ebalulekileyo apho iziphumo eziphambili zonyulo zifumaneka khona. I-ofisi yongingqi kunye ne-odonga yorhulumente isoloko yahluka kakhulu kwiindlela zayo zokufumana utyalo-mali lwezithuthi, ukuphuhliswa kwezindlu, uhlaziyo lweziko-ndlu, ulwandiso olubanzi, ulwandiso lwenqanawa elwandileyo, kunye nezibonelelo zezembane. Abanye abathathi-nxaxheba bamisela ulwakhiwo olutsha olutsha lohola omtsha ngelixa abanye begxininisa ukufuduselwa koluntu; abanye bakhuthaza ukulondolozwa komcimbiso lwezikhundla lwendawo zoluntu, ngoxa abanye bekhetha izicombululo ezingundoqo eziziiselwe kwisikhundla, apho benza izigqibo ezithi ziphinde zifakelele umgangatho obonakalayo woluntu olubonakalayo.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke ngokufanayo iphenjelelwa ziziphumo eziphambili zonyulo. Amalungu adla ngokukhuphisana kumthetho onyanzelekileyo, ulungiso lomthetho, ulungiso lobulungisa, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, kunye neenkqubo zokhuseleko loluntu. Abavoti abaphambili bakhetha ngokunempumelelo phakathi kweendlela zokugxininisa ulawulo lwesithethe olunxulumene noluntu, phakathi kwemigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula yolwaphulo-mthetho echasana nokujoliswe ekuphuculweni kwenkqubo yokulungisa, phakathi kokwanda koqingqo-mali lokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke kunye nokufuduselwa koovimba bezonyango. Olu khetho luneziphumo ezinzulu zokhuseleko lwentlalo-ntlalo, amapolisa amaqela amaqela asekuhlaleni, amaqela eembathatho, kunye namava abahlali abahlali besebenzisana nenkqubo yobulungisa.

Imiba yokusingqongileyo kunye nokulondolozwa komcimbi ophambili obonakala ngokubalaseleyo kunyulo oluphambili kuwo onke amanqanaba karhulumente. Amacandida azikhetha ngokwawo kutshintsho lobume bemozulu, ukuphuhliswa kwamandla okunokuhlaziywa, iinkqubo zokulondoloza, ulawulo lwezibonelelo zamanzi, kunye nomthetho wokusingqongileyo. Kumazwe amaninzi, unyulo oluphambili lumisela ukuba urhulumente wasekuhlaleni uya kubeka inyathelo eliphambili kusini na, indlela eya kunyanzelelwa ngayo ukuba imigaqo yokusingqongileyo inyanzelelwe, kwaye yeyiphi indima enokuthi iinkalo zemozulu zidlale ekuphuhlisweni nakwizigqibo ezisekelwe kuzo izigqibo zesiseko.

Uphuhliso lwezoqoqosho kunye nerhafu zimela omnye ummandla apho unyulo oluphambili lunempembelelo ehlala ihleli. Amalungu asoloko evelisa iindlela ezithe chatha zokutsala amashishini, ukuxhasa uphuhliso lwezoshishino lwasekuhlaleni, ukuphuhliswa kwemisebenzi, izikhundla zerhafu, kunye nenzala yengeniso. Abaphumelele kwimilo-mphicotho ephambili bayaqhubeka benza izigqibo malunga nexabiso lerhafu, inkqubela yezoqoqosho, iintsebenzi ezincinane zixhasa iinkqubo, kunye nokuqeqesha amanyathelo alolonga-mali nempumelelo yezemali yasekuhlaleni.

Ucelomngeni Lokungahambi Kakuhle

Olunye ucelomngeni olubalulekileyo olujongene nenkqubo yonyulo engundoqo lusoloko luphantsi umvoti ozingisayo. Ngelixesha inxaxheba jikelele kunyuso lwemijikelo yakutshanje, ukurhoxa okuphambili okuqhelekileyo kudla ngokuwa ngaphantsi kwama-30% abavoti ababhalisiweyo kwaye maxa wambi kutyhalela kulutsha ukwenzela ubulali kunye nokungabikho koonontlalo-phambili. Olu mlinganiselo usezantsi wokuthabatha uthetha ukuba umgangatho omncinci, osezantsi okhoyo wonyulo matshini wokhetho uphucule kakhulu kwimpembelelo engaphezulu kakhulu kukhetho lwalowo uthatha inxaxheba, ngokongeza, iziphumo zolawulo.

Iinkalo ezininzi ezifak' umngeni ophantsi wokujika. Abavoti abaninzi abaqondi xa kusenzeka i-primente, ukuba ziziphi ii-ofisi zesixhobo esingundoqo, okanye indlela ezisebenza ngayo kwimo yabo. Ukuntsonkotha nokwahlukahluka kwemithetho engundoqo enqumla amazwe kudala ukudideka, nabavoti abaqinisekanga ngokukwazi kwabo ukuthatha inxaxheba okanye indlela yokuqhuba ibhaliswe ngokuchasene nenkqubo ezivulekileyo. Ukubhalisa ixesha, okusoloko kwenzeka iiveki okanye iinyanga phambi konyulo lokuqala, kwenza imiqobo eyongezelekayo yabavoti abatheki abathe basebenza kamva kumjikelo wonyulo.

Ixesha lonyulo oluphambili nalo liyacinezela ukujika. Ehlotyeni nasehlotyeni kukhuphisana nekhefu, nemisebenzi yeminyaka yesikolo esitsha, nezinye izibophelelo ezinciphisa ubukho bovoti. Iindawo ezikwiminyaka engaphambili zeeofisi zikarhulumente kunye nee-ofisi zasekuhlaleni, ezibalelwa kwiminyaka engaqhelekanga xa kungekho lunyulo lwamazwelonke, zifumana inkcazo encinane yonxibelelwano nolwabantu, eziphumela kwimigangatho esezantsi yokuthabatha inxaxheba.

Isixokelelwano esivaliweyo esizinzileyo esibonisa imiqobo eyongezelelekileyo yokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokukhulula abavoti abazimeleyo nabangenamiqathango, ngoku abakha inxalenye ebalulekileyo nekhulayo yabanyuli kumazwe amaninzi. Abavoti, abanokuba nomdla onzulu kwiziphumo zokulawula kodwa balahle ukudibana neqela lezobupolitika, bazifumana bevalelwe ngaphandle koko kudla ngokuba lunyulo oluphambili olulandelayo kwisithili sabo. Olu gqatso lunengxaki ngokukhethekileyo kwimimandla elawulayo apho umlawuli wequmrhulu-ofisi agqiba ngokuneyo.

Ukwenziwa kwabemi abaphambili beenkokeli eziphambili kudla ngokubonakala kuyinto enkulu, emhlophe, etyebileyo, kwaye igqithise kakhulu ngokweengcamango kune-omatiloshe jikelele. Le mbambano ithetha ukuba abaphumelele kuqala bangakhethwa yisiseko sovoti esingabonisi inani labemi okanye izikhethelo ezibanzi, ezinokuba negalelo kunyulo lwabathathi-nxaxheba abangengomameli nabasabelanga kakhulu kwiimfuno zebutho labantu kunye neembono zabo.

Indlela Yokwenza Ilizwi Lakho Liveke Ngokubalulekileyo

Ukuba nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kunyulo lokuqala kufuna okungaphezulu kunokusuka nje uvote, nangona ukujula ibhola yokuvota ngokuqinisekileyo kulinyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo. Ukulawula impembelelo yakho nokuqinisekisa ilizwi lakho kuvakala kwinkqubo yokuqala kubandakanya izenzo ezininzi ezingundoqo kunye namaqhinga abemi abatshayelela ukuwasebenzisa.

Bhalisa uqeqesho kwaye uqonde inkqubo engundoqo karhulumente wakho

Isiseko sokuthabatha inxaxheba kwentloko kukubhalisa. Qinisekisa ukuba ubhalisiwe ukuba uvote kakuhle ngaphambi konyulo lokuqala, njengoko amazwe amaninzi emisela ixesha lokubhalisa iiveki okanye kwaneenyanga phambi kosuku lonyulo. Ukuba uhlala kwimo evaliweyo kwaye ufuna ukuba nenxaxheba kwiqela eliphambili, kufuneka ubhalise nalo mbutho ngokommiselo omiselwe ixesha, osenokuba ubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi konyulo lokuqala ngokwalo.

Zinike ixesha lokuqonda indlela ezisebenza ngayo iziqalelo kwilizwe lakho. Hlola ukuba imeko yakho isebenzisa iintlangano zolwazi ezivaliweyo, ezivulekileyo, okanye ezivaliweyo kancinane, oko ziyiko iimfuno zokubhalisa, xa kucwangciselwe, kwaye zingaba ziziphi ii-ofisi eziza kuba kwisixhobo sokulinganisa. i-website ye-ofisi yonyulo inika olu lwazi, njengoko yenza iinkampani zolwazi ezingavoti-votan njenge [[FLT: 0] i-League yabafazi [[FLT] kunye noVote].org.

Uphando Luyichaza Ngokucokisekileyo

Unyulo lokuqala ludla ngokuba neziphumo ezininzi ezinxulumene neqela kodwa luneemvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, izinto eziza kuqala, kunye neentanda-bulumko ezilawulayo. Ukwahlula phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba kufuna uphando ngapha nangapha kwemiboniso ye-webhsayithi yovotelwano. Qala ngokuhlola ii-website ezibonisa iindawo ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo, ulwazi lobukho belizwe, kunye nezinto eziphambili zephulo. Jonga iingcebiso ezicacileyo, ezinenkcukacha zenkqubo kunokungacacanga kakuhle, kwaye qwalasela enoba izinto eziphambili zabahlolo zihambelana na nemilinganiselo yakho kunye neemfuno zasekuhlaleni.

Funa amaphepha-ndaba abuza imibuzo kunye nabalawuli abacholayo abaveliswa yimibutho engeyoya apartistiki, amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni, kunye namaqela okhupho-khupho. Ezi zinto zidla ngokunika abahlohli izikhundla kwimibandela engundoqo ngendlela elungele ukuthelekisa. Nikela ingqalelo ekuxhaseni imibutho nabantu abagweba wena uthembayo, kodwa kwakhona yazi into yokuba ukuxhasa oku kubonisa izinto eziza kuqala kumxhasi, ezingenakuhambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nezakho.

Imvelaphi yobugcisa bomsebenzi, inkonzo kawonke-wonke yangaphambili, neerekhodi zomkhondo ukuba ngaba bakwisikhundla ngaphambili. Umsebenzi odlulileyo usoloko uxela kwangaphambili ukuziphatha kwexesha elizayo, ngoko amavoti angaphambili, amanyathelo enkqubo, kunye nokhokelo kwimibandela lunganika ingqiqo exabisekileyo ngendlela abanokulawula ngayo ukuba banyulwe.

Musa ukungayihoyi inkcazo yolwazi lwasekuhlaleni yemibutho ephambili. Ngoxa iindaba zezobupolitika zesizwe zibalaselisa iindawo ezininzi zokukhupha, amaphephandaba asekuhlaleni, izitishi zikanomathotholo, kunye namanxuwa e-intanethi asoloko enika uhlomelo oluneenkcukacha zikarhulumente kunye nokhuphiswano oluphambili lwasekuhlaleni, kuquka ukuphengulula iimvelaphi zabahlolo, ukujongwa kwentengiso, kunye nohlalutyo lwezindululo zenkqubo.

Iintlawulo zoluntu

Ukuganana ngokuthe ngqo nabaza kubhaptizwa kunika ingqiqo enokuthi ingasebenzi nganto. Ii-fom, iiholo zedolophu neengxoxo zokuva abaza kubhaptizwa bechaza iindawo zabo, bephendula imibuzo, kunye nokunxibelelana nabantu. Ezi ziganeko azibonisi nje oko abaza kukubona kwimibandela kodwa zichaza indlela abacinga ngayo.

Lungisa imibuzo ekhawulezileyo ngemibandela ebaluleke kuwe nakuluntu. Musa ukuthandabuza iinkcukacha ezingqalileyo ngendlela abaza kuphendula ngayo iingxaki ezithile okanye bazalisekise izicelo zabo. Izithembiso ze-Vague zilula; izicwangciso eziseko zityhila ukuba abatshakazi baye baxabana nzulu na nengxaki yolawulo.

Imicimbi yoluntu ikwanikezela ngamathuba okudibana nabanye abavoti abathembisiweyo, ukuxubusha ngabatshati-nxaxheba nemibandela, nokuphuhlisa ukuqonda okucacileyo ngezinto eziza kuqala zoluntu kunye nezinto ezixhalabisayo. Ezi ngxoxo zingakucel ’ umngeni iingcamango zakho, zichaze imbono obungazange uzicingele, zize zikuncede wenze izigqibo zokuvota ngolwazi olungakumbi.

Ukubandakanyeka Ngaphaya Kwayo

Ngoxa ukufaka ibhola yokuvota kubalulekile, abemi abafuna ukwandisa impembelelo yabo kunyulo lokuqala bangabandakanyeka ngeendlela ezongezelelekileyo. Batsha - ntliziyo abaphunyezwe ngamaphulo avumelana nemilinganiselo yakho nezinto eziza kuqala. Amatsha - ntliziyo asebenza ngokunempumelelo enza iminxeba, ankqonkqoza ezindlwini, athumele imibhalo, iziganeko zabasebenzi, kwaye enze eminye imisebenzi emininzi enceda abatshayeli bafumane ivoti baze bafumane inkxaso. Lo msebenzi unegalelo ngokukhethekileyo kunyulo oluphambili, apho ukurhoxa okusezantsi kuthetha ukuba unxibelelwano olusebenzayo lungenza umahluko phakathi kolo noloyisoyiso.

Qwalasela ukwenza igalelo lemali kubaxhasi bakho. Amaphulo aphambili, ingakumbi abacel ’ umngeni kunye nabatshayeli abangamiselwanga zinkqubo zobupolitika, ngokufuthi bazama ukunyusa imali efunekayo ukuze bafikelele abavoti ngokunempumelelo. Kwaneminikelo emincinane ingenza umahluko obalulekileyo, ingakumbi xa igatya phakathi kwabaxhasi abaninzi. Ukuba awunakunikela ngemali, usenganceda ngokubelana ngemiyalezo yabathathi-nxaxheba kwi-media yezentlalo, ukuncokola nabahlobo nabamelwane ngonyulo, nokukhuthaza abanye ukuba babe nenxaxheba.

Ukudibana nabo ngqo ngamaphulo abo e-intanethi, email, okanye umnxeba. Yabelana ngezinto zakho eziza kuqala, buza imibuzo, kwaye unike ingxelo kwizikhundla zabo nezindululo. Abathathi-nxaxheba kunye namaqela abo banikela ingqalelo kwigalelo eliqulunqweyo, ingakumbi ngexesha labangasese besebenza ukwakha iminqophiso kunye nokubonakalisa ukusabela kwimicimbi yovoti.

Nceda Abanye Babe Nenxaxheba

Ukwandisa inxaxheba ephambili komeleza idemokhrasi kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba amagosa anyuliweyo akhethwa ngabanyulwa abangakumbi. Uncedo abahlobo, amalungu entsapho, kunye nabamelwane bayaqonda xa kusenzeka ama-primente, indlela yokubhalisa, noko kusesiphakamisweni kunyulo. Zicelele ukwabelana ngenkcazelo ngabathathi-nxaxheba, ukulungiselela ukuchonga iindawo, okanye ukunceda abantu baqhube inkqubo yokubhalisa.

Ukuba unolwazi ngenkqubo ephambili kunye nabaza kubhaptizwa, qwalasela ukuhlanganisa iimbutho ezingacwangciswanga apho amalungu oluntu anokuthetha ngonyulo, abelane ngolwazi, aze abuze imibuzo. Ezi ncoko zinokuyisusa inkqubo yokuqala zikhuthaza ukuba nenxaxheba phakathi kwabantu abanokuhlala behleli kunyulo.

Izithintelo Eziqhelekileyo Ekuthabatheni Inxaxheba Nendlela Yokoyisa

Nangona kubalulekile ukuba unyulo lokuqala lubaluleke, imiqobo emininzi ithintela abemi abaninzi ukuba babe nenxaxheba. Ukuqonda le miqobo namaqhinga okuyinqoba kunokukunceda ukhulise inxaxheba yakho neyasekuhlaleni.

Iphepha lokuqonda limela mhlawumbi esona sithintelo sibalulekileyo. Abavoti abaninzi abazi ukuba ziziphi ii-primes ezikhoyo okanye zeziphi ii-ofisi ezikwi-colot. Abakuvumeli oku ngokutyikityelwa izikhumbuzo zonyulo oluvela kwiofisi yonyulo yengingqi yakho, ukulandela imithombo yendaba yasekuhlaleni egquma unyulo, nokumisela izikhumbuzi zekhalenda zobuqu kuse phambili kwemihla yokuqala. Iintlangano ezifana Babalopedia [ inikeza ulwazi olubanzi malunga nonyulo oluzayo malunga nonyulo oluzayo kuwo onke amaqondo karhulumente.

Ukudityaniswa malunga nokuvunywa nokubhaliswa kuthintela abaninzi abanokuvota. Ukuba akuqinisekanga ngemeko yakho yokubhalisa okanye ubuchule bokuvota kwisiseko sokuqala, khangela i-website yovoti yenginya okanye qhagamshelana neofisi yonyulo lwengingqi yakho. Amazwe amaninzi ngoku anika ubhaliso lwe-intanethi lombhaliso lwe-lifa, ekwenza kube lula ukuqinisekisa imeko yakho nokuhlaziya ulwazi lwakho ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ukucwangcisa ungquzulwano kunye nomba wokufikelela kuthintela abanye abavoti ukuba bafikelele izivotelo ngomhla wokuqala. Ukuba awukwazi ukuvota kumntu ngomhla wonyulo, uhlola ukhetho lokuqala nokhetho lokuvota. Ngoku amazwe amaninzi anikela iiveki zokuvota kwangethuba phambi konyulo lokuqala, anika umvakaliso kumsebenzi, intsapho, okanye iimbopheleleko zokuhamba. Ukuvota kukuvumela ukuba ulahle ibhola yakho ekhaya, nangona kufuneka ucele ibhola ephambili kunyulo kuninzi.

Ukufumana ulwazi malunga nabatshati-nxaxheba kungashiya abavoti beziva bengakulungelanga ukwenza ukhetho lolwazi. Qalisa uphando lwakho kwangoko, usebenzisa ubuncwane obukhankanywe ngasentla. Ukuba ulwazi lunqabile kwimida yasekuhlaleni, qwalasela ukufikelela ngqo kumaphulo, ukuya kwiintlanganiso zikarhulumente zasekuhlaleni apho abathathi-nxaxheba banokuthetha, okanye ukudibanisa nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ekwimibutho yezomkhondo wezopolitili.

[[FLT: 0] Ichaza ukuba ukhetho lwakho alunanto iyenzayo [ ludimanisa ukuba nenxaxheba, kodwa le ngcamango ilahlekisiwe ngokukodwa kunyulo oluphambili. Ngenxa yokuba ukuvota kusezantsi, ivoti nganye ithwala ubunzima obuphezulu kunyuso oluqhelekileyo. Ngaphezu koko, iinntlanga ezininzi eziphambili zigqitywe ngemida emixinwa, ithetha ukuba amanani amancinane abavoti abongezelekileyo angatshintsha iziphumo. Imicimbi yakho yokuthabatha inxaxheba, ingakumbi kwizinto eziqhelekileyo.

Ikamva Lonyulo Nemigudu Yotshintsho Ephambili

Inkqubo yonyulo ephambili iyaqhubeka iguquka njengoko amazwana ezama utshintsho oluyilelwe ukwandisa inxaxheba, ukunciphisa umgangatho othe tyaba, nokuphucula umelo lwedemokhrasi. Ukuqonda le migudu yokuguqula kunika imeko-bume eqhubekayo yengxoxo engokulungele ukulwa nokhetho olufanelekileyo.

Uvota olunechokotho oluphambili lufumene ukurhoxiswa njengenye indlela yokuvota okuziindawo ezininzi. Phantsi kwale nkqubo, abavoti bayaqhubeka befumana izikhundla zokhetho kunokuba bakhethe enye. Ukuba akukho mvoti ufumana uninzi lwevoti yokuqala yephondo, umvoti oneevoti ezimbalwa zikhutshiwe kwaye abaxhasi babo bevoti yesibini bakhutshelwe ngaphandle kwemithetho ebanzi. Le nkqubo iyaqhubeka de umvotisi ufikelele uninzi. Abaxhasi baphikisa into yokuba i-choota-ice inciphisa iphulo lokuvota okuchasene nephulo, bavumela abavoti-voti-mali ukuba baxhase ukukhethwa kwabo okuyinyaniso ngaphandle koloyiko "lovoti", kwaye baphumele ngenkxaso ebanzi. IMaine igqine ingeniso yesigaba sokuvota kwe-onta yolawulo lwe-priventies, kunye neendawo ezininzi zezo kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokhetho yokhetho.

Isixokelelwano esiphezulu-bini nesiphezulu sesine simele enye indlela yotshintsho, ukuphelisa i-Primeries engqalene nelungu elinye eliphambili elibonisa bonke abatsha abatsha kungakhathaliseki ukuba badityaniswe namaqela. Ezi nkqubo zijolise ekunciphiseni ukonakalisa kwemimandla ngokudala izikhuthazo zokuba abathathi-nxaxheba babhenele kunyulo olubanzi kunokuba nje kusekelwe kwisiseko seqela labo. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ukuba ezi nkqubo zingadidanisa abavoti kwaye zibangele ukuba unyulo ngokubanzi oluqhelekileyo oluveza abavoti-nxaxheba, ukhetho lomvoti-goci.

Imigudu yokuvula amajelo avalayo kubavoti abazimelanga bafumana inkqubela kumaphondo amaninzi, ebonisa inani elandayo labavoti abangafuniyo ukudibana nababekwiqela eliphambili. Abameli baphikisa ngelithi ukungathobeli inkululeko kwi-primerivary ngokusisiseko akuyiyo idemokhrasi, ingakumbi xa i-primente zisetyenziswa kwaye zixhaswa yimibutho karhulumente kunokuba zixhaswe yimibutho yangasese. Abachasi baphikisa into yokuba amaqela amaqela anelungelo elisemthethweni lokuqinisekisa ukuba amalungu awo akhetha amalungu equququzelela amalungu eqela kunokuba akhethele ngaphandle kokuzinikela kwimigaqo yeqela.

Ukubhaliswa kosuku olunye kovoti-ziqu zabangasese kucetyiswa njengendlela yokwandisa inxaxheba ngokuphelisa amaxesha okubhalisa ayenzekayo kwiiveki okanye iinyanga phambi konyulo. Iimeko ezininzi sele zivumela ukubhaliswa kosuku olunye konyulo oluqhelekileyo, kwaye ukunyuselwa kokhetho kusenokundisa unyulo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabavoti abaselula nabo babandakanyeke kamva kumjikelo wonyulo.

Imigudu ephambili yotshintsho ephambili ijolise ekunciphiseni impembelelo esusiweyo yoorhulumente bamandulo njengeIowa kunye neNew Hampshire. Iiprojekthi ziquka ukujikeleza apho amatyala avota kuqala, ukwenza amagumbi okuvota apho amaphondo amaninzi avota ngexesha elinye, okanye ukuseka isiseko sosuku. Indlela nganye ineengenelo kunye nokutsala intelekelelo ngokwemiqathango yokupheka, ukukhuthuza, nokuqinisekisa ukuba amaphondo ahlukeneyo anegalelo elinentsingiselo kwinkqubo yokungena komcimbimbi.

Ukuthatha Inyathelo: Ukhetho lwakho oluphambili lokuthabatha inxaxheba kumhleli wokukhangela

Ukuguqulela ulwazi malunga nonyulo oluphambili kwinxaxheba esebenzayo kufuna isenzo esiqinileyo. Sebenzisa oluluhlu lokuhlola olubanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulungele ukwenza ilizwi lakho liviwe kunyulo oluphambili oluzayo:

  • qinisekisa ubume bobhaliso lwakho lwevoti kwaye qinisekisa ulwazi lwakho lusangoku, kuquka idilesi yakho kunye neqela lakho ukuba kufuneka uthathe inxaxheba ephambili kwimo yakho
  • Imihla yonyulo olungundoqo kwikhalenda yakho kuzo zonke izinyuko ezizayo, kuquka urhulumente, urhulumente, kunye nolwendawo ephezulu
  • Ngaphantsi kwemiphantsi yendlela yakho yokuqala yezwe iquka ukuba ivuliwe, ivaliwe, okanye ivaliwe, kwaye ukuba yiyiphi imithetho yokuthabatha inxaxheba
  • uphando lweqela eliphambili oluzayo ngokuchonga ukuba ziziphi ii-ofisi eziya kuba kwibholati kwaye ngoobani abathathi-nxaxheba ababalekayo
  • ulwazi olufuna ukujongwa luquka iiwebhsayithi, iindawo zenkqubo, imvelaphi, inkxaso, kunye nenkcazo ye-media
  • Antenten i-fominim enye okanye iholo yedolophu ukuva ngqo kumaxhoba nokubuza imibuzo malunga nemibandela ebalulekileyo kuwe
  • Ichaza unyulo nabahlobo, intsapho, nabamelwane [ ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye neembono
  • Cela ukuzinikela ngokuzithandela okanye ufak' isandla kumadinga aphulo ahambelana namaxabiso akho
  • Yenza isicwangciso sokuvota kuquka nokuba uza kuvota kwangoko, ngeposi, okanye ngomhla wonyulo, kwaye ixesha oza kuya ngalo kuvota
  • Uncedo abanye abathatha inxaxheba ngokubelana ngolwazi malunga noluqalayo, ukunceda abantu babhalise ukuvota, okanye ukunikezela ngezithuthi kwiindawo zokuqokelela
  • Ulandela ngokufaka ibhola yakho yebhola kunyulo ngalunye olungundoqo olufanelekele
  • [[UMTL:0] Lihla uthenjiwe emva kwentloko ngokuxhasa abaphumeleleyo, ubagcine benetyala, kwaye uqhubekeka uthatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi

Imiphumo Ebalulekileyo Yokuthabatha Inxaxheba

Impembelelo yokuba nenxaxheba konyulo oluphambili ingaphaya kwesiphumo esikhawulezileyo sohlanga olunye. Xa abemi bebandakanyeka ngokukhutheleyo kwimibutho ephambili, bathumela imiqondiso enamandla kubathathi-nxaxheba, kumaqela, nakwabanye abasemagunyeni abanyuliweyo malunga nemibandela, ukuba ziziphi iindlela zokulawula ezixatyiswayo, kwaye ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo eya kufuneka. Oku kubophelela kubangela iziphumo eziphembelela ihambo yezobupolitika nenkqubo yezopolitiko ngeendlela ezininzi.

Abaphumelele kwimibutho ekhuphisanayo ngengeniso eqinileyo yokujika ingeniso esemthethweni kunye nokuqhubela phambili kunyulo jikelele. Bangagunyazisa ngokungenakuthenjwa kunyulo lwabavoti kwaye babonise amandla entlangano kunye nenkxaso yengca. Esi siseko sibenza babe ngabaxhamli abaphumelelayo ngakumbi kwaye, ukuba banyulwe, iinkokeli ezinentembelo engakumbi nezinako eziqonda ukuba zixhaswa ngokwenene ngabalawuli abaphambili.

Ujikelezo oluphezulu oluphezulu lukwalungelelanisa impembelelo yamazwi agqithisileyo kunye nezilangazelelo ezikhethekileyo. Xa imibutho eyahlukeneyo, eyahlukeneyo yabavoti ithatha inxaxheba kwiprojekthi, abatshati kufuneka babhenele kuludwe olubanzi lwembono kunokuba balungiselele kuphela amaqela ahlukeneyo alungiselelwe kakuhle ngokweengcamango. Le mpembelelo ingenza abameli abangakumbi nabasabelayo kuluntu olupheleleyo kunamaqela anomdla omxinwa.

Inxaxheba yokuqala yakha ubuchule boluntu kunye nolwazi lwezobupolitika olunceda idemokhrasi ngaphezu kwalo naluphi na unyulo. Abalawuli ababandakanyeka kwizindlu-lwazi bakhulisa ukuqonda okunzulu ngemibandela, abaza kubhaptizwa, kunye nenkqubo yezobupolitika. Bakha iingxoxo nabanye abemi abathembisiswe ukudibana, bafunde indlela yokuvavanya iizicelo zemigaqo-nkqubo, bahlakulele nemikhwa yokuthabatha inxaxheba eqhubela phambili kunyulo lwexesha elizayo nezinye iintlobo zokuzibophelela kwezezezentlalo.

Ibutho labantu elinenxaxheba ephambili lidla ngokusabela ngakumbi kwaye libe noxanduva lolawulo. Xa abachongi abatshatiweyo besazi ukuba abavoti abathembisi banikela ingqalelo kwaye bakulungele ukuxhasa abaceli abaphambili ukuba basilele ukunikela, banezihlombele ezomeleleyo zokuhlala benxulumene nezixhobo, iimfuno ezicwangcisiweyo zoluntu, kwaye zilawula ngokunempumelelo. Isisongelo socelomngeni lokuqala oluthenjiweyo, senziwe ngomvoti-"iinkonzo-"inkqubo ebalulekileyo yokuphendula kwidemokhrasi yaseMelika.

Isiphelo: Ukuzibiza Ngolawulo - melo

Unyulo lokuqala lumela ithuba elibalulekileyo kodwa eliphantsi elinokujikelelwa kubemi ukuba babumbe iziphumo zokulawula kwaye baqinisekise ukuba amazwi abo aviwa kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi. Ngeli xesha unyulo ngokubanzi lufumana ingqalelo engakumbi kwaye luthathelwa ingqalelo, i-primenti isoloko ingqina iziphumo ezithe kratya ekugqibeni ukuba ngubani obamba isikhundla kunye nayiphi na imigaqo-nkqubo abayifunayo. Oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi kwixesha lokulawulwa kwe-Rhoverseanticanti kunye nokukhethwa kwendawo, apho isithili esininzi sonyulwayo silawulwa liqela elinye kwaye esiphambili simisela ngokunempumelelo umgcini-ofisi olandelayo.

Unyulo olusezantsi oluphawula unyulo oluphambili luthetha ukuba abemi abathe bathabatha inxaxheba ngokungenakulinganiswa basebenzisa impembelelo kukhetho lomkhwelisi, yaye, ngokongezelelekileyo, iziphumo zolawulo. Le nto ibangela ukuba kubekho ithuba kunye nembopheleleko. Ithuba kukuba nenxaxheba kunyulo lwedemokhrasi yakho ngokuba nenxaxheba kukhetho apho uvoti yakho ithwala ubunzima obukhethekileyo. Uxanduva kukusebenzisa loo mandla ngobuchule, uphando olucokisekileyo, uthembisene ngokunyanisekileyo nabathathi-nxaxheba, kunye nolwazelelelo lwezinto ezilunge ngakumbi kuluntu lwakho.

Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwesiseko okunempumelelo kufuna okungaphezulu kunokubonisa nje ekuvoteni, nangona ukufaka ibhola yokuvota ngokuqinisekileyo kubalulekile. Kuquka ukuqonda indlela engundoqo esebenza ngayo kwilizwe lakho, ukuphanda ngokucokisekileyo, ukuhlanganisa amaphulo neziganeko zoluntu, ukuthabatha amaphulo, nokunceda abanye babe nenxaxheba. Kuthetha ukukhangela ngaphaya kweelebhile ezithe ngqo zamaqela ukuvavanya izikhundla ezithile zabathathi-nxaxheba, imvelaphi, kunye neentanda-ntanda-bulumko. Kufuna ukucingisisa nzulu ngemibandela eninzi ekwingingqinweni yakho kwaye ngabaphi abathathi-nxaxheba abakwindawo engcono ekujongeni ezo zinto zibalulekileyo.

Imingeni ejongene noluntu kulo lonke elaseMelika .ukusuka kwimfundo nakwizibonelelo ukuya kukhuseleko loluntu kunye namathuba ezoqoqosho, iza kuxutyushwa ziinkokeli ezinyulwe kwinkqubo yokuqala yonyulo. Umgangatho waloo nkokeli, ukusabela kwazo kwiimfuno zoluntu, nokuphumelela kwazo eofisini kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubathathi-nxaxheba ekuzikhetheni. Xa bejolise kumaqela aphambili onyulo, abahlali abanolwazi ngemisebenzi yedemokhrasi engcono, ulawulo-ompuka, kunye neengenelo.

Ilizwi lakho libalulekile kunyulo oluphambili .mhlawumbi ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye inkalo yenkqubo yedemokhrasi. Umbuzo ngulokuba uza kuyisebenzisa na. Unyulo olulandelayo oluphambili kwingingqi yakho lithuba lokuphembelela ukuba ngubani ozakukumela, ziziphi iinkqubo eziza kuzilandela, nendlela ingingqi yakho eza kucombulula ngayo ezona ngxaki zicinezelayo. Ngokuqonda inkqubo yokuqala, abahlohlisi, abathathi-nxaxheba, nokukhuthaza abanye ukuba benze okufanayo, unganceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba iinkokeli ezinyuliweyo ngezazulu zimela ngokwenene amaxabiso ebutho lakho, izinto eziphambili, kunye nezilangazelelo. I-Dromasbe isebenza kakuhle xa abemi bebandaka ngokupheleleyo kuzo zonke iinkqubo zalo, kunye nononyulo-kuphambili kulapho ukubhaptila kunokuthi kube nempembelelo enkulu.