Ukuqonda IziHlaliso zoMgaqo-siseko

Utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko luyinguquko esesikweni okanye ulwandiso olusemthethweni lwesizwe okanye uxwebhu lorhulumente olusungulweyo. Ngokungafaniyo nomthetho oqhelekileyo, onokudluliselwa okanye ulungiswe ngevoti elula kwiqumrhu lewiso-mthetho, ukutshintshwa komgaqo-siseko kwenziwe ukuba kuhlale kuqinile kwaye kube nzima ukutshintsha. Oku kusekho kuba umgaqo-siseko ungowona uphakamileyo welizwe(i"icwangcisa isakhelo sayo yonke eminye imithetho kunye namandla karhulumente. Ukuyilungisa kufuneka ifune imvume ebanzi kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngeqhinga. Inkqubo iyahluka-jijeke kuwo onke amazwe namazwe namazwe, kodwa lo mgaqo uhlala unjalo: umgaqo-siseko akufunekangatshintshwanga kwiphulo.

Izilungiso zokuqala ezilishumi zoMgaqo-siseko waseUnited States, ezaziwa njengeSigqeba saMalungelo, zinikela umzekelo wesiseko wendlela ukulungisa okunokuthi kwandise ngayo inkululeko yabantu. Ezi zindululo, kuquka inkululeko yokuthetha, yonqulo, nelungelo lokuphatha iimfazwe, zongezwa kamsinya emva kokuba umGaqo-siseko wantlandlolo uvunyiwe ukuba uthethe ngenkxalabo yamandla karhulumente. Ngokufanayo, uMphengululo we-13 waphelisa ubukhoboka, kunye noMphengululi we-19 wanika amabhinqa ilungelo lokuvota. Ngamnye kwaba umele ukuguqulwa okubalulekileyo kwisivumelwano sentlalo kwaye kwafuna inkqubo yokuvunywa okungqongqo.

Kumgangatho wesizwe kumthetho-siseko wase-U.S., imimiselo yemithetho-siseko isoloko ilungiswa rhoqo kune-mGaqo-siseko wezwe. Amazwana amaninzi avumela abavoti ukuba bacebise baze bavume ukundululwa ngqo ngokuthabatha inyathelo, nto leyo ekhokelela kumhlaba onamandla kakhulu nangamanye amaxesha ukhuphisana ngawo. Ukuqonda le nkqubo akuyonkqubo yemfundo nje; ichaphazela ngqo indlela ovota ngayo kumanyathelo okuvota anokuphinda alawule urhulumente wakho, inkqubo yerhafuthelo, okanye amalungelo karhulumente.

Inkqubo Yokulungiswa

Isitishi esisihlomelo

Inyathelo lokuqala nakweyiphi na inguquko sisicelo. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokulungisa okunokuthi kucetyiswa: ngequmrhu lowiso-mthetho okanye ngendibano yezomgaqo-siseko. EUnited States, ukubuyiselwa kwesizwe kungacetyiswa mhlawumbi ngevoti yoorhulumente ephindwe kabini kwisithathu sovotelo kwiNdlu yabameli neCathenara, okanye ngendibano yesizwe ebizwa yiCongress ngokucelwa kwesibini-3 zeendlu zowiso siseko solawulo. Le ndlela yamva ayizange isetyenziswe kumgangatho karhulumente, kodwa ihlala ingukhetho lomgaqo-siseko.

Kumgangatho wesizwe, umgaqo-siseko omninzi ukwavumela inyathelo lesithathu: ummi ukuthatha inyathelo lokuqala. Kumaphondo anjengeKhalifoniya, iFlorida, ne-Arizona, abavoti ngokwabo bangacebisa ukutshintshwa komGaqo-siseko ngokuqokelela inani elaneleyo lotyikityo kwisicelo. Le nkqubo idlula ngokupheleleyo indlu yowiso-mthetho kwaye ibeka isiqinisekiso sokulungisa ngqo kwivoti ukuze ifumane imvume. Ngoxa oku kunika abemi isixhobo esinamandla solawulo-demokhrasi, kwakhona inyusa inkxalabo ngomgangatho wokulungisa nokuphembelela amaqela eenzalisekileyo aphambili.

Ukhuseleko lokukhupha imitha

Kwangoko kucetyiwe, ulungiso kufuneka luvunywe. Kumgangatho wesiZwe, ukudityaniswa kufuna imvume ngoonogosa abathathu-sine bendlu yowiso-mthetho. Okanye, iBhunga linokumisela ukuba ulwandiso lwenziwe ngeendibano zikarhulumente zokuphelisa uHlaziyo lwe-21 ezaphela iProjective Restition. Le nkqubo yendlela yokulungisa idityanisiweyo iqinisekisa ukuba ulungiso lubanzi kwaye inkxaso yezobupolitika ingekabi ngumthetho.

Iinkqubo zomgangatho woqikelelo lwemeko ziyahluka ngokuphawulekayo. Amanye amazwana afuna uvumo olulula lwabavoti kunyulo jikelele. Ezinye zifuna unyulo oluphezulu kakhulu . Ngokufuthi 60% okanye ngaphezulu (ukulungisa). Amazwana ambalwa afuna imvume kwiintlanganiso ezimbini zexeshana zendlu yowiso-mthetho phambi kokuba aye kuvota, okanye afune uninzi lwabavoti abaphoswe kunyulo olukhethekileyo kunokuba lube lulonke. Ukuqonda imithetho yombuso wakho kubalulekile kuba agqiba ukuba ivoti yakho ithwe kangakanani kwinkqubo yokulungisa.

Usetyenziso lwexesha

Umgca wexesha ukusuka kwisicelo ukuya kuqiniswa ungahluka-hlukene ukusuka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka. Ezinye izilungisi ziquka ukwenziwa kwemihla ethile okanye ulwimi oluguquliweyo, lo gama ezinye zithatha isiphumo ngokukhawuleza kwisiqinisekiso sokuvota. Akuyonto ingaqhelekanga ukupheliswa ukuze kujoliswe iingxaki ezingokwasemthethweni emva kokudlula, mhlawumbi kukwimiqathango yeprocession okanye kwimiqathango yazo phantsi komGaqo-siseko wesizwe. U Voters kufuneka azi ukuba nasemva kokuba evunyiweyo, ukupheliswa akuyi kuba nesiphumo esipheleleyo de uhlolo lwetyala lugqitywe.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukuhlaziywa KomGaqo-siseko Kubaluleke Kumaqela Eencwadi

Utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko luhlukile kuba lutshintsha imithetho yesiseko yoluntu. Xa uvota ekulungisweni kwenkqubo, awukhethi nje kuphela ukhetho lwenkqubo; ugqiba indlela izigqibo zenkqubo yexesha elizayo eziza kwenziwa ngayo. Umzekelo, inguquko efuna ukuvota okuphezulu kwindlu yowiso-mthetho ukuphakamisa irhafu itshintsha yonke inkqubo yoqingqo-mali kangangeminyaka ezayo. Ukupheliswa kokungavumelani kwelungelo lokuqhomfa okanye lokuba nempumlo kumgaqo-siseko wesizwe kungakhusela oko kwiinguqu zexesha elizayo. Ukutshintsha okunokutshintsha kwendlela imibutho yokuvota-mali ekhutshwa ngayo kulungelela umlinganiselo wezomthetho wezopolitiko kangangeminyaka elishumi okanye ngaphezulu.

Kungenxa yokuba kunzima ukuguqula, iziphumo zazo zihlala ixesha elide. Isilungisi esingalungiswanga kakuhle singadala ukudideka okusemthethweni, sikhokelela kwixabiso eliphezulu, okanye sivelise iziphumo ekunzima ukuzilungisa. Abalungisi banembopheleleko yokukhangela ngaphaya kwentetho yephulo nezibhengezo nokuqonda oko intengiso ikuthethayo nenzayo ngokwenene.

Imizekelo yeziHlalulo eziPhakathi

Qwalasela le mizekelo ilandelayo yehlabathi lokwenene ebonisa umahluko wotshintsho olunokwenziwa:

  • [[NTL:0] ICalifornia's Processiation 13 (1978): Le rhafu yempahla eshicilelweyo kunye nonyuko olulinganiselweyo lwexabiso lonyaka. Yatshintsha isakhiwo sikarhulumente yaza yakhokelela kumashumi eminyaka engxoxo mayelana nemali yesikolo neenkonzo zasekuhlaleni.
  • UHlaziyo loMphetho-mda 4 (2018): Oku kubuyiselwa kwamalungelo okuvota kubantu abangaphezu kwe-1.4 lezigidi abagwetyelwe ukugqibezela izigwebo zabo. Kwaye kukukukhula kwamalungelo ovota kwaye kwafuna ukuphunyezwa komthetho okulandelelanayo ukucacisa ukwenziwa.
  • North Marriage Amendment of Carolina (202): Le ngxaki ichaza umtshato njengomntu omnye nebhinqa elinye kumgaqo-siseko wezwe. Kamva yapheliswa ngumthetho wenkundla karhulumente, kodwa ibonisa indlela ukulungisa okunokuthi kuvumelane ngayo neenkqubo zentlalo eziphikisayo.

Ngamnye kule mizekelo ubonisa ukuba utshintsho luneziphumo zokwenene, ezinokulungiseka kubomi babantu. Abasebenzi abanolwazi oluhle banokunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba utshintsho luphumeza injongo yabo kunokuba lubangele iingxaki ezintsha.

Izinto Ezibalulekileyo Ezinokuqwalaselwa Kubantu Abasebenzisa Ijelo Xa Bejamelene NoMthetho Ohlaziyiweyo

Funda Umbhalo Osemthethweni

Ulwimi lwebhola lungalahlekisa. Inkamkelo zidla ngokusebenzisa izishwankathela ezichukumiswileyo ezigxininisa iinjongo ezithandwayo ngeli lixa kufihla iindlela eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo. Okuphela komthombo othembekileyo wolwazi kukushwankathelwa komtyalizo ocetyiswayo, osoloko ufumaneka kwiofisi yonyulo karhulumente wakho okanye kumphathi-lwazi osemthethweni. Yifunde ngononophelo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, khangela inkcazelo yamagama asemthethweni. Ukuba umbhalo mde okanye untsonkothile, funa ukushwankathela okungasuki kwimithombo ethembekileyo njengoManyano lwabafazi Voters okanye amaziko omthetho wemfundo.

Zazi Oyena Uxhasayo Nabachasi

Ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi imibutho, amaqela enzala, kunye nemibutho yezopolitiko exhasayo okanye echasayo iziphumo zayo ezinokubakho. Zibuze: Ngubani ongenelwayo koku kulungiswa? Ngubani oxhasa iphulo? Kukho inkxaso ebanzi yebhipartisn, okanye ngaba ukulungisa kuxhaswa ngokuyintloko liqela elinye okanye iqela elinye labantu abanomdla? Izindululo ezixhaswa ngamandla yimvisiswano ezahlukahlukeneyo zidla ngokuba zikho (kungasoloko zikho) ezithe zasetyenziswa ngobuchule kwaye ziyingenelo kakhulu. Ngokuphikisana noko, ukupheliswa kweqela elincinane zingenza izicwangciso ezithe ngqo.

Cinga Ngemiphumo Engacwangciswanga

Kwaneziphelo eziqinisekisiweyo zingaba neziphumo ezingabonwanga. Umzekelo, utshintsho olunika uqingqo-mali olulungeleleneyo lombuso lungavakala lunetyala, kodwa lunganyanzelisa ukunqunyulwa okukhawulezileyo kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo ngexesha lorhoxoko lwemali xa ingeniso incipha. Utshintsho olubeka imida yexesha kumthetho wemithetho lunganciphisa impembelelo yezomsebenzi wezopolitiko, kodwa lunganciphisa ulwazi lwamandla oshishino kunye namandla okutshintsha amaqela arhoxiweyo abasebenzi abangabekiyo. U Voter umele acinge ngeziphumo zesibini zolungelelwaniso olucetyo aze acinge enoba ukufikelela kolunye uhlobo, njengomthetho oqhelekileyo, lungafikelela usukelo olufanayo ngotshintsho oluthe kratya.

Ukuqonda Indlela Yokudlula

Yazi ukuba yeliphi iqondo lovumo olufunekayo kwimo yakho. Amanye amatyala afuna uninzi olulula, amanye afuna unyulo oluphezulu, kwaye amanye afuna uvumo oluninzi kunyulo oluninzi. Lo mqobo uchaphazela ubuchule bephulo: ukuba icebo elikhulu liyafuneka, intengiselwano ifuna inkxaso ebanzi. Kwakhona ithetha ukuba iphulo lokuchasa elilungileyo linokuvala ukulungiswa ngenani elincinane kakhulu levoti. Ukuqonda imithetho kukunceda uchaze iziphumo zovota kwaye uvakalise ukuba impempe engathi i-andice izakudlula kusini na.

Indima Yabahlaziyi Kwinkqubo Yohlaziyo

Abavoti abasebenzi abamkela utshintsho lomgaqo-siseko; kumaphondo amaninzi, banegalelo elisebenzayo. Xa uvota kumlinganiselo webhola ekhatywayo, usebenza njengomphathi-mthetho womgaqo-siseko. Oku ngumsebenzi onzulu. ivoti yakho ekulungiseni ithwala ubunzima obungaphezulu kunovotilo lomvoti okanye kumthetho othe rhoqo kuba iziphumo zinzima ukujika. Kumazwe amaninzi, indlela yokulungisa isiphelo somgaqo-siseko kukudlula enye inkqubo enokuthi ithathe iminyaka.

La mandla akwathetha ukuba abavoti kufuneka bazinike ixesha lokuzifundisa. Ukuthembela kuphela kwizibhengezo zikamabonwakude, iiposi, okanye kwimiba yezentlalo-ntlalo kuyingozi, njengoko ezi mithombo zisoloko zenzelwe ukucenga kunokuba zifumane. Endaweni yoko, funa uhlalutyo lobundilele kwimithombo enje Baballotepia, enika iinkcukacha, ezingathathi cala, kwimiba yebhola eqeshiweyo ngaphaya kwelizwe. Ibhodi yomhleli wephephandaba lakho lasekuhlaleni linganika uhlalutyo oluluncedo, nangona kufuneka uluqaphele naluphi utyekelo lwezopolitiki kwintetho zabo.

Umthwalo Wokuvelisa Izinto Ezingafundiswanga

Ukungaqondi oko ukuvota kunokwenza umonakalo kwisakhiwo sokulawula oxhomekeke kuso. Abavoti abangafundanga banokuchanabeka kakhulu kulwimi lwephulo lokuqhatha, ukukhupha intetho enye esekelwe kuloyiko, kunye nokuthumela imiyalezo esekelwe kuloyiko. Bangavota bexhasa utshintsho oluvakalayo oluluncedo kodwa ngenene lululaza amalungelo okanye ukusebenza kakuhle, okanye bangavota ngokuchasene nokulungisa okunokuthi kunikeze inkqubela efunekayo. Kunyulo olusondeleyo, inani elincinane leevoti ezingenalwazi lingenza umahluko phakathi kokungena nokungaphumeleli. Indlela engcono yokukhusela izilangazelelo zakho kunye nezasekuhlaleni kukuphelisa ixesha lokufunda phambi kokuvota kwakho.

Iingcamango Eziqhelekileyo Ngokuhlaziywa KomGaqo-siseko

Iingcamango ezininzi ezizingisileyo eziphathelele ukulungisa zinokubalahlekisa abavoti. Ukuba uzazi kuya kukunceda uhlolisise iingcamango eziqatha.

  • Myth #1: IziHlayisho zisoloko zandisa amalungelo. Ngenene, izilungisi ziyakwazi ukumisela amalungelo. Umzekelo, ezinye iinguquko zinezithintelo ezilinganiselweyo zamalungelo omtshato, iintetho ezithile, okanye imiqathango yokuvota.
  • Myth # 2] Ukuba ukubuyiselwa kudlule, umba ugqitywe ngokusisigxina. Ngexa iinguqu zinzima ukutshintsha kunemithetho, azikhuselekanga kuqwalaselo lwezahlulelo okanye ekuphelisekeni okulandelayo. UmGaqo-siseko we-U.S. uguqulwe amaxesha angama-7, kwaye imimiselo emininzi yesizwe iye yalungiswa amaxesha amaninzi. Akukho kulungiswa komgaqo-siseko kuhlala kudala.
  • Myth # 3]: ivoti isoloko ingukhetho oluqhubekayo, kwaye akukhovoti esoloko ihlala iphila. Le mithetho yokukhupha ithambe kakhulu. Izigubuliso zifumaneka kuzo zonke iingcaciso. Ewe kwintengiselwano yerhafu ingathathwa njengezinto eziqhelekileyo, ngelixa ivoti kumvuzo omncinci ingaba yeya phambili. Evalute ukurhoxiswa kwemfanelo yayo, hayi kwigama lezobupolitika.
  • Myth #4]: Ukuba awuqondi inguquko, vota hayi ukuyidlala ngokukhuselekileyo. Eli licebo eliqhelekileyo, kodwa alisoloko livakala. Ezinye iingxubusho zengxoxo ezicinezelayo ezifuna isisombululo. Ukungalungisi kungagcina ubume, kodwa isimo singaba yingxaki ngokwaso. Endaweni yoko, zinike ixesha lokuba nolwazi, okanye fune ingcebiso elithembekileyo kwimibutho oyawuhlonelayo.

Isiphelo

Izilungiso zomGaqo-siseko zizixhobo ezinamandla zokubumba umthetho osisiseko wesizwe okanye urhulumente. Zingakhusela amalungelo, ziphucule ulawulo, zilungelelanise umgaqo-siseko kwiimeko ezitshintshayo. Kodwa ziyakwazi ukwenza ukuqina, zivelise iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga, okanye zisetyenziswe ukuhambisela phambili izilangazelelo ezimxinwa. Njengomvoti, indima yakho ekulungiseni ilungile kwaye ingumthwalo. Ngokuqonda indlela yokulungisa umsebenzi, ukufunda umbhalo, ukuvavanya iimpikiswano, nokuqwalasela iziphumo ezinde, ungavota olungelelanisayo abantu bonke.

Phambi konyulo olulandelayo, zinike ixesha lokuhlola amanyathelo e-colot aza kubekwa phambi kwakho. Yiya kwi-website ye-ofisi yonyulo karhulumente, funda izikhokelo zovoti ezisemthethweni, kwaye jonga imithombo engeyoyapartistan enje iNgqungquthela yeSizwe yomthetho woburhulumente elawulayo [ ukwenzela ukungasemva kwiintlobo eziqhelekileyo zentengiso. Xa usondela kwisakhiwo sokuvota, uza kuxhotyiswa ukuba ungavoti nje kuphela, kodwa ukuvota ngobulumko kwimibuzo ye-graclate ebumba ikamva lengingqi yengingqi yakho. Umzamo owenzayo ekuqondeni imvume yokulungisa iziphumo zemali yesakhono onako ukuyenza ukuze ube ngummi