Ukubaluleka Kokubalwa Kwabantu Ngokuchanileyo Nokungachananga

Inani labantu abafumana iinkonzo zongxamiseko, kunye neenkqubo ezifana ne-Medicaid neSNAP. Isiseko esingaphantsi kwemiqobo yolwimi sithetha ukuba abantu baphulukane nezixhobo zabo eziziimali ezingaphezu kwe-R3,5 ezigidi zemali karhulumente nyaka ngamnye kwilizwe nakwimimandla yasekuhlaleni. Le mali ixhasa izikolo, izibhedlele, izibhedlele, iinkonzo zongxamiseko, kunye neenkqubo ezifana ne-Medicaid ne-SNAP. I-Medicaid kunye ne-S. I-S. Imali encinane ebangelwa yimiqobo yelwimi ithetha ukuba abantu baphulukane nesabelo sabo esifanelekileyo sobuncwane kunye nomelo lwezobupolitika. Ngokufuthi bezama ukuba nenxaxheba kwimimandla engaphandle ye-Extenlands. Le miqobo ayibalwangabonwa njengemisebenzi yabemi abaneminyaka emi-5 kunye nabakhulile (phantseyibhiliyo).

Ngokwembali, ubalo lwabantu luye lwatsala nzima ubalo lwabemi be-LEP. Umzekelo, u-2020 Censures, wabona umsantsa obalulekileyo kwimigangatho esezantsi yeentsapho zamaNgesi kunye naleyo apho amaNgesi ayengelulo ulwimi oluphambili. Uphando olusuka kwiUrban Institute lufumanise ukuba amaphecana anemiqathango ephezulu yabemi be-LEP ayenexabiso lobuqu ukuya kumanqaku angaphantsi kweshumi eepesenti kumgangatho wesizwe. Oku kwahlula ngqo kubunjani bogcino-data kunye nolwabini bezigidi zeerandi.

Ukubaluleka Kokufikelela Kumanani Ahlukeneyo

Ukwakha Intembelo Ngemigaqo Yesithethe

Uhlolo oluqulethweyo lwenza okungaphezulu kakhulu kunokuguqulela iifomu — lukhulisa ukuthembana. Abaphambukeli abaninzi kunye nabaphambukeli abaninzi banenkxalabo enzulu ngokuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi lukarhulumente, kuquka uloyiko malunga nokunyanzeliswa kogcino-lwazi, ukuzimela, kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kogcino-lwazi. I-202020 Censurences yawabona amaphulo asasazeke kakhulu amatyala okuzihlasela, ingakumbi kumajelo eendaba aseSpeyin eelwimi. Xa ukuphumelela kuqhutywa ngendlela ekwaziyo ngokwenkcubeko, kusetyenziswa abathunywa abathembekileyo kunye nemibutho esekelwe kuluntu, ibonisa ukuba uzuko noxandumiso lukarhulumente kunye namaxabiso aphezulu alo olu luntu.

Iimfuno ezingokwasemthethweni nezilawulayo

Umthetho woManyano-Masipala phantsi kweSihloko VI soMthetho waMalungelo oMgaqo-siseko ka-1964 ufuna ukuba abamkeli bemali karhulumente bathathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo okunika abantu abakwaziyo ukufikelela kwii-LEP. I-Census Bureaunication ngokwayo inesiCebo esigunyazisa ukuguqulelwa kwezinto ezingundoqo kwiilwimi ezininzi. Amazwe noorhulumente basekuhlaleni abaqhuba ukubala inani lamadoda bakwaneembopheleleko zokuqinisekisa ukuba kufikelelwa kolwimi. Ukungaphumeleli ukukhupha ulwazi lwezilwimi ngeelwimi ezininzi akubululazi nje kuphela kodwa kungabhenela kwiimeko ezisemngciphekweni esemthethweni. Ngokuphatha ukufikelela kolwimi njengendawo yokuqala ephambili, abantu bangaluphepha xa besakubandakanyelwa.

Iindleko Zokubaleka

Iziphumo zolwimi olunxulumene nolwimi lukhulu. Kumntu ngamnye ophoswayo, uluntu lulahlekelwa malunga nama-R2,500 ngonyaka kwimali karhulumente ngeminyaka elishumi elandelayo. Kwisixeko esinabemi be-LeP abali-10 000 ababaliwe ngama-20%, okuguqulela ekulahlekelweni li-$5 zigidi zezigidi ngonyaka — i-50-zigidi ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi. Ngaphezu koko, ukuthelekisa ukudityaniswa kwengqungquthela nokuncitshiswa kwemithetho yezopolitiko, ukuncitshiswa kwamandla ezobupolitika oluntu abafuna ilizwi elinamandla. Ngoko ke, ukukhutshelwa korhwebo kubandakanya urhwebo kumacala amabini azimeleyo kunye nomelo lwe-demodemocrali.

Oovimba Bokoyisa Izithintelo Zeelwimi

I-Census Bureau inikela ubutyebi obuninzi bezinto ezifumaneka ngeelwimi ezininzi, kodwa abantu abaninzi abazazi okanye bafuna uncedo lokuzisebenzisa.

Izinto Zokubala Ezintlu - lwimi

ICensurence Bureau iguqulela i-Reacher kunye nesitshixo sokufumana izinto kwiilwimi ezingama-59 zobalo lweminyaka edlulileyo. Kwi-American Community Survey (ACS), izixhobo ziyafumaneka ngesiSpanish, isiVietnam, isiKorea, isiRashiya, isiTagalog, isiTagalog, isiPolish, isiFrentshi, isiPolish, isiPolish, isiPolitiki, isiPutukezi, nesiJapani. [FLT: 0] `Beyonkey' ifomu ngokwayo ngokwayo [[[FLT]] [iFLT] [1], inika isikhokelo solwimi, ividiyo ezithimbatha, imibala, kunye neevidiyo ezifundisayo ngeelwimi ezininzi. Imibutho yasekuhlaleni ingakhuphela ezi zinto kulawulo [[FLT] [FLT]]

Ukongezelela, iindlela zokukhetha eziziququququ zamanani zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bagqibe ukubala abantu kwi-intanethi ngeelwimi ezili-13 (kuquka isiSpenishi, isiTshayina, isiVietnam, isiKorea, isiRashiya, isiTagalog, isiPolish, isiPolish, isiCreole, isiPhuthukezi, isiJapani, kunye nesiNgesi). Ngexesha le 202020 Censurees, isixhobo sengingqi ye-intanethi sikwakheka “ikhadi lokuchaza ulwimi” elinceda abasebenzi bafumane ulwimi lwabo baze banxulumane notolisho. Ezi zixhobo kufuneka zixhaswe kakhulu kuluntu olusebenzisa izibhengezo ze-Akhawunti, ii-media, ii-midia kunye neewebhsayithi zengingqi zoluntu.

Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba

Akukho mbutho unye karhulumente onokufikelela kuzo zonke iilwimi kuphela. Ukufikelela okunempumelelo kufuna unxulumano olunzulu nemibutho esele ithenjwa ngabantu be-LEP. La maqabane aquka imibutho yesizwe esekelwe kuluntu, amaqela asekelwe kukholo, amathala eencwadi, iikliniki zezempilo, isiNgesi njengolwimi lwesibini (ESL) iinkqubo, amaqela afudukayo okuzalana, kunye namagumbi esizwe ezorhwebo. Ngexesha le-202020 Censuestiki, i-U.S.Censure Bureauniers ibandakanya inkqubo yents ezikom

Imigaqo-nkqubo engundoqo yonxulumano: Ibonelela imibutho esebenzisa izixhobo eziquka iincam zokuthetha, iinqwelo-moya, imizobo yezentlalo-mbini, kunye ne QR ukuya kwiintanethi-zi-lapponse ngeelwimi ezininzi. Zibonelela ukunikezela ngentlawulo encinane okanye imbuyiselo esekelwe kwimibutho esekelwe kuluntu eqhuba ngaphandle — abasebenzi kunye namatsha - ntliziyo asoloko ephumelela kakhulu abathunywa. Umzekelo, iSixeko se-San Francisco so-Complete Colorient comment" sixhasa imibutho yoluntu engaphezu kwama-40 ukuqhuba iminyango-ukungena kwindlu yesiTshayina, isiTagalog, isiSpaniyane, kunye ne-Vietnam. Le misebenzi ivelisa ukuphendula okungaphaya kwenani eliphakathi kwesixeko.

I-evergage Idityanisiwe iiKomiti Zokubala njengesakhiwo esisesikweni sokusebenzisana, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abameli abasuka kuluntu lwe-LEP banesihlalo etafileni.

Uncedo lolwimi

I-Census Bureau isebenzisa i-line yoncedo lolwimi olushushu ngexesha lokuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi olusebenzayo. Kwixesha lama-202020 CVS, i-line eshushu (184-09-712) yanikela inkxaso ngeelwimi ezingama- 59, kunye nabatoliki abakhoyo ekufuneni uncedo. Imithetho yommandla ingayongeza oku ngokumisela eyayo imityaba eshushu yolwimi okanye ngokuqeqesha abasebenzi ukuba bahambe ngendlela beya kwi-ofisi eshushu yogcino-lwazi. Ngexesha lama-202020 Censurees, izixeko ezininzi ezisebenzisa iinkonzo zokutolika ulwimi ezifana nolwimi eziziNguqulo zoqobo ukunikezela ngeziganeko zoqobo zengingqi kunye namaziko oncedo lwe-Malithi.

Ii-hotline zisebenza ngokukhethekileyo kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuhamba nge-intanethi okanye abafuna uncedo lokuqonda umbuzo. Banike inombolo eshushu kuzo zonke izinto ezishicilelweyo, kwizibhengezo zezentengiso zobuzwe, nakwiebhodi zenkcazelo zoluntu. Kububulumko ukuqeqesha abahambi ngenqanawa abahlala apho ukuchaza indlela i-LEP esebenza ngayo nokuqinisekisa abafowuli ukuba ikhululekile kwaye ayimfihlelo.

Imithombo yezopolitiko yasekuhlaleni kunye nokhupho lobuhlanga

Amajelo eendaba esizwe — kuquka izikhululo zikanomathotholo, amaphephandaba, iziteshi zikamabonwakude, kunye namajelo eendaba asebenzisa iilwimi ezithile — angamajelo anamandla okuthumela ubalo lwabantu. Ngexesha le-202020 Censues, i-Censues Bureaunication ebekwe kwizibhengezo ezihlawulwayo ngoomabonwakude nonomathotholo, kodwa oorhulumente basekuhlaleni banokukwandiswa oku ngokusebenzisana namajelo amancinane aphumayo esizwe. Umzekelo, iphephandaba elithetha ulwimi lwaseTshayina kwisiXeko saseNew York lakhupha imibuzo yokubala abantu; isikhululo sikanomathotholo sase-Vietnam esikwi-San Jose sinore, esinee sinolwazi olunolwazi olunokubala.

Izibhengezo ezithe ngqo ngeelwimi ezininzi zibalulekile. I-Facebook, i-Instagram, kunye ne-Google Ads zivumela ukujoliswe ngolwimi olukhethwayo kunye nendawo yendawo. Sebenzisa la maqonga ukulungiselela izibhengezo ezifutshane zevidiyo ezibonisa iinkokeli zoluntu ezigqiba ukubala ngolwimi lwazo lomthonyama. Zonke izibhengezo kufuneka zinxulumane iphepha lokuhla ngomxholo wolwimi kunye nonxulumano olucacileyo lokusebenza.

Amacebiso Okunxibelelana Okunempumelelo

Sebenzisa Ulwimi Olulula

Kwanaxa kuguqulelwe amagama, amagama anokuba ntsonkothileyo kumntu ongafundanga kakuhle ngolwimi lwakhe. Sebenzisa imigaqo yolwimi olulula: izivakalisi ezimfutshane, ilizwi elisebenzayo, amagama aqhelekileyo. Kuphephe isikhonkwane esisemthethweni, izifinyezo, kunye namabinzana okomfuziselo. I-Census Bureauniers’s i-Plainline Languages[ ingumbhalo obalaseleyo. Umzekelo, endaweni yokuthi “indlela osabela ngayo igcinwa iyimfihlo phantsi kweSihlokomiso 13 somthetho we-U.S. Code,” ithi “Iimpendulo yakho iyimfihlo ngokomthetho — asinakwabelana nabani nabani na." Iinguqulelo zolwimi zombutho zabahlali bengiselwayo ukuqinisekisa.

Izixhobo Zokunceda Ezibonakalayo Nemifanekiso

Unxibelelwano olubonakalayo lungaphaya kolwimi. Imifanekiso, imifanekiso, kunye nemifanekiso ebhaliweyo ingadlulisela iingcamango ezintsonkothileyo ngokukhawuleza nasemhlabeni wonke. Ukuze kubonwe abantu, sebenzisani imifanekiso ebonisa amanyathelo okuzalisa, iindidi zemibuzo ebuzwayo, neengenelo zokuthabatha inxaxheba. Kuphephe imbono okanye umfanekiso onokuthi ungabi nto ifanelekileyo ngokwenkcubeko. Kwi 2020 Censurees, i-Bureau yayila uthotho lwe 13 lwemifanekiso ekwilwimi ezininzi ezisebenzisa imizobo elula (umz. umz., umntwana okwiofisi kagqirha, intsapho etya kunye) ukuze kuboniswe iinzuzo zokubalwa kwabantu. Iintlangano zasekuhlaleni zingenza ii-odolate ezibonisa iimboni ezikhoyo.

Kwiziganeko ezilandelayo, qwalasela ukusebenzisa izikhokelo ezibonayo ezinokuchazwa ngabadweli okanye amatsha - ntliziyo xa bechaza le nkqubo. Ezi zikhokelo kufuneka ziquke inombolo yefowuni eshushu kunye nekhowudi yeQR enxulumanisa i-intanethi ngolwimi olufanelekileyo.

Uqeqesho lokufikelela kumasebe namatsha - ntliziyo

Bonke abasebenzi ababandakanyeke ekubaleni inani labantu — enoba ngabasebenzi bakarhulumente, abasebenzi abasebenza kunye, okanye abadwelisi bokwexeshana — kufuneka bafumane uqeqesho lokusebenza nabantu abangoonobumba. Imixholo yoqeqesho kufuneka iquke: indlela yokufumana iinkonzo zokutolika, indlela yokufanisa ulwimi ongaluthethiyo (ngokusebenzisa “ndithetha amakhadi” okanye amaphepha okuchaza ulwimi), ukuthobeka kwenkcubeko, kunye namaqhinga okwakha. I-Censubes Bureaunia inika i- izibonelelo ze-Hub ii-partress syms, kodwa imibutho yasekuhlaleni kufuneka yongeze olu qheliselo lwezimodulo olusekelwe kwimifanekiso.

ubuchule obungundoqo: ukusebenzisa “ulwimi olunegama elingundoqo" — abasebenzi kufuneka bazi indlela yokuqalisa umnxeba ohamba ngendlela ezintathu ngotoliko. Indima- dlala le ngexesha loqeqesho. Abasebenzi boololiwe ukuphepha ukwenza uqikelelo: musa ukuthathatha umntu okhangela indlela ethile ethetha ulwimi oluthile, kwaye musa ukuthatha umntu one-ELP engakwazi ukufunda isiNgesi konke konke. Soloko ubuze, “Luluphi ulwimi olufunayo kule nkcazelo ibalulekileyo?"

Yiba Nentlonelo Uze Ube Nemonde

Ukusebenza kuzo zonke iilwimi nezithethe kudinga ukuba nomonde, nokuthetha ngentlonelo. Qaphela ukuba abanye abantu be-LEP basenokuba bakhe baba namava abuhlungu kumagosa karhulumente kumazwe akuwo. Yakha intembelo ngokuphulaphula, ukuthetha kancinci, nokusebenzisa amagama ahloniphekileyo. Ungaze ukhawuleze okanye uthethe nomntu othile. Ukuba utolike usetyenziswa, bhekisa imibuzo kumntu ngamnye (hayi umtolishi) kwaye uvumele ixesha elongezelelekileyo lokutshintshisana. Kwakhona qwalasela ukuba ezinye iintlanga zisenokuba zinezithethe ezahlukeneyo kwimfihlo okanye ukuxoxa ngogcino-lwazi — ungakhathazeli ngesizathu sokuba umbuzo ngamnye ubuzelwe.

Kwindlu-ngena kwimihlathi, iBreau yeCensure inika abalawuli ngeli cwecwe elibonisa ikhadi lokwalatha ulwimi. Abaququzeleli bangalinika icwecwe elinolwimi oluphendulayo, oluza kuzama ukukhupha ulwimi lwabo, kwaye isixhobo ngoko sibonise imiyalelo kolo lwimi. Oku kunciphisa ukunxunguphala nokukhawuleza inkqubo. Ukuba usebenzisa iifomu zephepha, qwalasela indlela efanayo ngekhadi lolwimi olunemincu.

Ukukhuthaza Ukuba Nenxaxheba Kuluntu Olungekho Ngqongqo

Ukufikelela Kwiilwimi Zomthonyama

Imiyalezo yohlobo oluthile yesiNgesi ayivisisani nabemi be-LEP. Ukufumana okuzimeleyo — njengeposi ngqo kulwimi olukhethwa yentsapho, ukujolise umnxeba kumatsha - ntliziyo athetha iilwimi ezimbini, okanye imiyalezo yokuthumela imiyalezo enxulumene ne-intanethi ngolwimi oluchanekileyo — kunganyusa kakhulu intsalela. Ngexesha le 2020 Censues, “Lwimidiction Card" yoMsebenzi wobuKhawulo-mali" ivumela i-preferers ukuba ifumanise ulwimi lwasekhaya ize inikezele imibuzo eguqulelwe kwimibazwe ukuba iyafuneka. Ikomiti epheleleyo yendawo kufuneka ifumane iisiseko semibutho efuna izinto zoncedo kulwimi olungaguqulelwangalwimi lwesiNgesi kwaye ilandele ngokutyibilikayo.

Iziganeko zoLuntu kunye neziKhundla zoNcedo

Ukuququzelela iziganeko zokubalwa kwabantu kwiindawo ezithenjiweyo — ezifana namaziko oluntu, iindawo zonqulo, izikolo, kunye neekliniki zezempilo — kwenza ukuba kubekho inxaxheba engakumbi. Ezi ziganeko kufuneka zinikezele kwiinkcazelo ezithe ngqo, kwiikhompyutha okanye kwiipilisi ezinokufumaneka kwi-intanethi, kunye nabadlali abathetha iilwimi ezimbini okanye amatshantliziyo ukukhokela abakhoyo ngalo msebenzi. Kwizixeko ezininzi, “Census Fairs” udibanise ukutya, umculo, kunye ne-screfes per elungele ukugqitywa, kudala umoya owenzelwe ukutsalela iintsapho. Kubantu abahlala eNtshona Koloni, kubalulekile ukuba ubuncinane ilungu elinye labasebenzi kwisiganeko ngasinye lithethe ulwimi lwasekuhlaleni okanye liqhagamshelane nomtoli wemfono.

I-Census Bureau ikwasebenzisa iziko le-Quiolence Importations (QACs) kwiindawo ezifuna uncedo oluphezulu. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bangazongeza ezi zinto ngokumisela i-QACs ezihambayo — iiveni ezinamatye kunye nee-internet ezishushu kunye nabasebenzi abakwizibini ezimbini — ezihamba ukuya kwizakhiwo ezihlala abantu abahlala kuzo, iindawo ze-ESL, namaziko amakhulu. Kwi-202020 CVClation, i-Harris (Houston) i-QACCs ithelekele imimandla enezixabisi eziphezulu ze-LPS, nto leyo ephumela ekunyukeni kwenani eliphezulu le-EPProsom.

Imigudu yokuya kwindlu ukuya kwinqanawa yokusebenza ngeemibhobho esetyenziswayo

Umsebenzi we-Nonresponse Folloup (NRFU) — xa abadweli betyelela amakhaya angakasabeli — lithuba elibalulekileyo lokufikelela kwi-LEP. I-Censurenial Bureau izama ukwabela amanani eelwimi ezimbini kwimimandla enolwimi oluninzi. Noko ke, oorhulumente basekuhlaleni banokunceda ngokufaka uphicotho lwezigaba ezibini zolwimi oluthile phambi kokuba umsebenzi we-NRFU uqalise. Banika umvuzo wokhuphiswano, iiyure eziguqukayo, kunye nokuxhasa imekobume yenkqeqesho yenkqesho ekhoyo ukuze batsane abafaki bezicelo ezahlukeneyo. Kwi-202020Censurees, ezinye izixeko zabaleka “inkampu zokuvula iinkampu zokuqala iilwimi zolwimi zolwimi oluqhelekileyo” ngokukhethekileyo, belungiselela uqeqesho olungakumbi kwindlela yokuqhuba iinculo ngaphandle kokuthemba iilwimi xa kutolikwa.

Abathunywa Abathembekileyo Abagungqiwe

Ekugqibeleni, ezona lizwi ziphumelelayo kulo naluphi na uluntu lwe-LEP ngumntu abasele bemthembile: umfundisi, umfundisi-khaya, umgcini-zonyango, umfundisi- ntsapho, okanye ummelwane. Beka aba bathunywa ngemibhalo elula kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo kulwimi lwasekuhlaleni. Bakhuthaze ukuba babelane ngamava abo ukugqiba ukubala abantu. Xa inkokeli ehlonelwayo ithi, “ndiyizalisile, yaye ikhuselekile kwaye ilula,” ukuba umyalezo usebenza nzima kakhulu kunaye nawuphi na urhulumente. Zinika ezi nkokeli ngeebheji okanye iileta zogunyazo ukuze zikwazi ukubandakanyeke ngokucacileyo ukuba zivunywe yiBhawubhiniauniaust Bureauniau.

Isiphelo: Indlela Ekhokelela Ekuthandekeni Ngokupheleleyo

Ukoyisa imiqobo yolwimi ekuthatheni inxaxheba akuyomigudu yexesha elinye — kufuna ukuzinikela okuqhubekayo, umanyano, kunye nobuchule bokuyila. Kodwa umvuzo umkhulu: ugcino-lwazi oluchanekileyo, ukwabiwa kweempahla ezifanelekileyo, ukusetyenziswa koorhulumente noluntu abalusebenzisayo, kunye nokuthenjwa okunzulu. Uluntu ngalunye lunezixhobo zokwenza ukuba ukuba ukuba inani lifikeleleke kubo bonke, kungakhathaliseki ukuba luluphi na ulwimi. Ngokufaka imali kwizixhobo ezithetha iilwimi, ulwakhiwo-manyhashe nentlangano ethembekileyo, abaqeqeshiweyo, kunye nokungavisisani ngokwezithethe, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uluntu lufanele lufikeleleke — ngolwimi ngalunye.

Oorhulumente boluntu, imibutho yoluntu, kunye nabaxhasi kufuneka baqale ngoku ukuceba umjikelo wokubala abantu olandelayo. Sebenzisa i- i-Census short Committee Committee Office , i-, i-P.gov ezibuko[ ukufikelela kulwimi, kunye ne- Count Officet Office [ ukwakha ubuchule obuqulukileyo. Xa ulwimi lungasesona sithintelo, ubalo lusebenza ngokwenene njengesixhobo esibalulekile ekuqondeni uluntu kunye nezibonelelo eziluncedo — isixhobo esisebenzayo kumntu wonke.