UKUTHWABISWA kwe-CUBIC kusisiseko solawulo lwedemokhrasi, ingakumbi kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni apho izigqibo zichaphazela ubomi bemihla ngemihla ngqo (ukusuka kwimithetho yemihla ngemihla kunye nemali yesikolo ukuya kwiinkonzo zokhuseleko loluntu nezogutyulo. Xa abemi bemi belapho bethabatha indima ephambili ekulungiseni imimandla yabo, benza okungaphezulu kuneembono nje; bayanceda ekuveliseni imigaqo ebonisa okona kubalulekileyo kwaye bakhe isiseko sokuthembana phakathi kwabemi kunye namagunya asekuhlaleni.

Embilinini, ukubotshwa kwequmrhu loluntu, kuguqula abahlali abangathathi nxaxheba babe ngabenzi bomsebenzi abasebenza kunye bemeko-bume yabo. Oku kuthabatha inxaxheba kuhlobo oluninzi "/ukungathathi-nxaxheba kunyulo lukamasipala, ukulungiselela ukuchotshelwa kwetyala, ukusebenza kumabhunga asekuhlaleni, okanye ukulungiselela ukucocwa kwebutho labantu. Isenzo ngasinye, nokuba sisikhulu okanye sincinane, sinegalelo kwintsebe elenza urhulumente aphendule ngakumbi kwaye angaqukiyo. Uphando olusuka kukhetho [FLT: 0] Isikhungo sophando [[FLT] lubonisa rhoqo ukuba abantu abakwimigangatho ephakamileyo yokuthatha inxaxheba kwizentengo yoluntu banikele ingxelo ngolwano oluphezulu ngeenkonzo zikawonke kunye nemiphakatho yezo zezobupolitika. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa isizathu sokuba kungenelwe ngokunzulu kwemeko lwesizwe, indlela ezinceda ngayo zoluntu nabantu kunye nemiqobo, indlela eziluncedo zokuzibandakanya.

Ukuqonda Isabelo Sesityalo

Nangona igama elithi ukudityaniswa kwe-pic kusoloko kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi, inentsingiselo ekhethekileyo kumongo wolawulo lwengingqi. Libhekisela kwindlela abantu kunye namaqela asebenza ngayo ukuphembelela izigqibo zikawonke-wonke, ukucombulula iingxaki zasekuhlaleni, kunye nokufak' isandla kwizinto ezilungileyo ezifanayo. Ulwahlulo oluluncedo phakathi kweentlobo ezintathu zoganano:

  • [[Ukhetho:0] ukudityaniswa komkhosi – imisebenzi edityaniswe ngqo nonyulo, njengovota, iphulo lokusebenza ngokuzithandela, kunye nokuqokelela intlawulo.
  • umanyano lwecandelo - - ukubandakanyeka kwinkqubo kawonke-wonke, kuquka ukuya kwiintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, ukunikela amagqabaza kawonke-wonke, okanye ukukhonza kwiibhodi zokhupho.
  • [[Umanyano: 0] ukuganana kombutho [ - - ukungathabathi cala okusesikweni njengokudibanisa umanyano longingqi, ukuzinikela ngengeniso yasekuhlaleni, okanye ukutyikitya isicelo.

Uhlobo ngalunye ludlala indima eyahlukileyo. Ukubophana okudityanisiweyo kugqiba ukuba ngubani ophethe isikhundla; ukujongwa kobuso becala indlela ezithathwa ngayo izigqibo zezentengiselwano zenziwa ngayo; kwaye ukubophelelana koluntu kwakha ikomkhulu lentlalo eyenza ukuba kubekho impumelelo. Ngokwenkcazelo evela kwi Amelikan Psychological Association [, ukubophelela kwezentengiso kubandakanya ingqiqo yengqondo kunye noxanduva olushukumisela abantu ukuba benze into ethile. Le mvakalelo yokuba kunye noluntu ibalulekile: ngaphandle kwayo, kwaneenkqubo yokuthatha inxaxheba i-'''''[FLTY]

Ukwenza izigqibo zasekuhlaleni kunika ibala elikhethekileyo lokuthembisana kwesizwe kuba izibonda ziqinile kwaye umgama ophakathi kwabemi namagosa mfutshane. Isigqibo esingendlela yokuhamba okanye yokulungiswa kwepaki sinokubonwa, sichukunyiswe, kwaye sifumaneke kubemi. Oku kwenza ukudibana kwasekuhlaleni kube luncedo ngakumbi kunezopolitiko zesizwe, kwaye kudla ngokunenzuzo ngakumbi. Xa abemi bebona igalelo labo likhokelela kwindlela entsha yebhayisekile okanye kumlambo ococekileyo, basenokuhlala bebandakanye nokuthemba inkqubo yedemokhrasi.

Iingenelo Zokwenza Umnqophiso

Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngenkuthalo kunika abantu ngabanye nabantu abaninzi. Ezi ingenelo zomelezana, zidala umjikelo olungileyo wokubandakanyeka nokuphucula.

I-Arhente kunye nokuNika amandla

Ukuganana kwabantu ngekhompyutha kunika abantu ingqiqo ecacileyo yokuba namandla kokulawula imeko-bume yabo. Xa ummi ethetha kwindawo yokuhlala kunye nodweliso lwebhodi elungisa izicelo zokuphendula, loo mava obuqu athethayo anokuthanani nelizwi lawo. Le gunya idla ngokugqithisa ngaphaya kwembambano ethile: abantu abaziva bephumelela kwenye ingingqi yoluntu baba nentembelo engakumbi kwezinye iinkalo zobomi. Ukulungiselela imigudu enjenge Dudley Street Ecetting eBoston ibonisa indlela ukuguquka ngokuqhubekayo kweminye imimandla ekhuselekileyo, inika abahlali abaxhotyiweyo ingeniso kunye nenkqubela entle.

Imbutho yoLuntu

Ubungqina bokwenza ulwalamano. Ukusebenza ngamacala kucoceko lwengingqi okanye ukuhlala kunye kwikomiti kudala amaqhina onxulumano aqinisa ibala lengingqi yoluntu. Isazi-ntlalo uRobert Putnam umsebenzi wekomkhulu loluntu ubonisa ukuba abantu abanamaqumrhu axineneyo eengingqi oluntu bayakwazi ukumelana, banemilinganiselo esezantsi yolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye basabela ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kwiingxaki.

Abemi Abanolwazi

Abantu abathabatha inxaxheba kulawulo lwasekuhlaleni bayazi bhetele ngendlela abasebenza ngayo abantu. Bafunda ngokuthintelwa koqingqo-mali, iimfuno zomthetho, kunye nokuthengwa okuzuzwe kwizigqibo zomgaqo-nkqubo. Olu lwazi lulwa nenkcazelo engeyiyo kwaye lunciphisa umsantsa phakathi koko abemi bakholelwayo noko kwenzekayo. Uphando oluvela kumgangatho woqingqo-mali luyiNkulungo ye-Inter-Unity yophando lwezopolitiko kunye noLuntu [ lufumanile ukuba abavoti besiza kwiintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni okanye balandela iindaba zikamasipala zichanile ekuqondeni kwabo izinto eziphambili zohlalo-mali kunye neemibandela zokhuseleko lukawonke.

Ukuphendula kweenkokeli zasekuhlaleni

Xa abemi bebotshelelwe, amagosa ayazi ukuba bayagadwa. Ukubakho rhoqo kwiintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, amagqabaza, kunye neekomiti zophicotho-zincwadi kuvelisa ukubonakala okudimaza ukuqhatha nokukhuthaza ulawulo olunentsabelo. Uphando lweWorld Bank lubonise ukuba abantu abanomgangatho ophezulu wokuthatha inxaxheba kwizentelekelelo yemali karhulumente ephantsi. Abahlali abakwizikolo ezithenjiweyo banokubuza imibuzo enzima, bafuna inkcazelo yokwenza umsebenzi, baze bavote abasebenzi abasebenzi abaphantsi kwegunyazi, ngaloo ndlela bagcine idemokhrasi ikhuselekile.

Ubomi Obuphuculiweyo

Imibutho ebeka phambili ukuganana kwezentlalo isoloko ibona inkqubela ecacileyo: iipaki ezikhoyo ezifanelekileyo, iinkonzo zoluntu ezifanelekileyo, kunye neenkonzo zoluntu ezibonisa iimfuno zokwenyani. Ingxelo ephuma kwiProjekthi yoqingqo-mali enjengePorto Alegre, Brazil, kunye neZixeko zaseNew York ibonise ukuba xa abemi begqiba ngqo indlela yokwabala icandelo loqingqo-mali lukamasipala, iprojects eziphumezileyo zihambelana ngakumbi nezinto eziphambili zoluntu, nto leyo ekhokelela kulwaneliseko oluphezulu ngeenkonzo zikawonke wonke. Ingxelo evela kwiProject:[FLT] iProging Priging [

Iindlela Zokwenza Oku

Indlela ephumelelayo yokutshata ixhomekeke kwizinto azithandayo, izinto anokuzifumanayo nakubuchule bakhe.

  • [[FLT: 0] Iintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni zikawonke-wonke. ibhunga lesiXeko, ibhodi yesikolo, ikomishini yokuhlala, neentlanganiso zethala leencwadi phantse zisoloko zivulekele uluntu. Nokuba ngaba awuthethi, ukuphulaphula kunika ingqiqo exabisekileyo ngendlela izigqibo ezenziwa ngayo. Iintlanganiso ezininzi ngoku zimpompoza nge-intanethi, yenza kube lula ukuya kwintlanganiso.
  • [[UMTL: 0] IVolunteer yebhodi okanye ugunyaziso. Oomasipala abaninzi banemizimba edityanisiweyo(iikhomishini yokufaka iplani, iibhodi zepaki, amabhunga onxibelelwano oluphakathi kwabantu, afuna amalungu. Le misebenzi inika isihlalo esithe ngqo kwitafile yokwenza isigqibo.
  • Zidibanise unxulumano lwabamelwane. [ La maqela anezingca asoloko enamagosa asekuhlaleni kwaye angaxhasa uphuculo olufana nokuzola kwezithuthi, ukulungiswa kwendlela, okanye ukugada kwamapolisa.
  • Iparicipate kuhlolo loluntu kunye nee-forum. Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni ngoku babamba oomatshini bokusebenzela kawonke-wonke okanye basasaze uphando ngexesha locwangciso. Ukunikela uluvo lwakho yindlela ephantsi yokuphembelela iziphumo.
  • Ukukhupha kwibhodi yeSikolo kuzo zonke unyulo lwasekuhlaleni. ibhodi yeSikolo, usodolophu, ibhunga lesixeko, umphathi wengingqi, kunye nebhola yombheno zonke ezichaphazela ubomi basekuhlaleni. Ukunika igalelo lokubhaptiza, kodwa unyulo lwasekuhlaleni lusoloko lutsalela phantsi kakhulu. Ukukhuthaza abahlobo nabamelwane ukuvota ifuthe.
  • Sebenzisa amaqonga amanani ngobulumko. Ukudibanisa nee-akhawunti zezentlalo melo- mveliso ezisemthethweni, ukutyikitya amaphetshana kamasipala, nokuthatha inxaxheba kwii-portals zogqabazo kwingingqi yengingqi. Lumka malunga namagumbi esandi e-algorith-driven; ukubeka kwindawo yokuqala imithombo esemthethweni.
  • Iziganeko ezithe tye zasekuhlaleni. Abalimi bathengisa, amaqela athintelayo, imibhiyozo yenkcubeko, kunye nokubonelela ngesisa kungabonakala ngathi kukwimicimbi yezopolitiko, kodwa bakha unxulumano lwentlalo olusisiseko kwisenzo soluntu.

Iingxaki Zokwenza Idinga

Nangona ziluncedo, abantu abaninzi bazama ukuxhathisa inxaxheba yabo.

Ukungakhathali Nokuxhuzula

Inxenye ebalulekileyo yabemi basekuhlaleni ivakalelwa kukuba inxaxheba yabo ayinakwenza mahluko. Le ngqiqo yokusebenza iphantsi kakhulu phakathi kwabemi abaselula kunye nabo bakwimimandla ephantsi, abasenokuba banamava okukhutshwa kwenkqubo. Uvoti wesizwe urhoxa kwinani lonyulo lwasekuhlaleni isoloko inyuka phantse malunga no-20-30%, isibonisi esiphawulekayo sokungakhutshwa. Ukungabi namdla komsebenzi kufuneka ukubonisa `ukuphumelela ikonkrithi/ukuphumelela) oko kuveliswa yiziphumo.

Ukunqongophala kolwazi nokwazi

Abahlali abaninzi abazazi iintlanganiso ezizayo, imigaqo ecetyisiweyo, okanye indlela yokuzibandakanya. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni basoloko bexhomekeke kumaziko eendaba okanye kwiibhodi zezaziso, ezisenokungafikeleli abemi abatsha okanye abathethi abangeyosiNgesi. Ukwahlulwa kwamanani kukwanendima: ngoxa ezinye imimandla inezixhobo eziqinileyo zokubhalisa kwi-intanethi, ezinye azinazo izibophelelo eziphezulu okanye izinto zokufunda. Xa inkcazelo iphantsi ithatha inxaxheba encinane.

Ixesha Elinzima

Ubomi banamhlanje bushiya ithuba elincinane lomsebenzi woluntu ongaphezulu. Abantu abaninzi basebenza imisebenzi emininzi, bahamba imigama emide, okanye baneembopheleleko zokunyamekela ezibangela ukuba iintlanganiso zeveki zingabikho. Kwanabemi abazinikeleyo basenokuzama ukuya kwisiganeko ngasinye esiyimfuneko. Ukukhetha okulungeleleneyo kokuzibophelela : `ixesha lokuphendulana, iintlanganiso zeempelaveki, okanye iintlanganiso zokuphulaphula ezincinane.

Ukoyika Ukuzisola

Ukuthetha phandle ngemibandela ephikisanayo kungaziva kuyingozi. Abahlali bangaxhalatyiswa kukungavumelani kommelwane, abaqeshi, okanye izilangazelelo zasekuhlaleni ezinamandla. Kuluntu oluqinileyo okanye kwiidolophu ezincinane, ukugxekwa kukawonke-wonke kwegosa elidala ixesha elide kungadala ingxwabangxwaba kwintlalo. Ukuvelisa iziteshi ezingaziwayo zokwazisa nokuqinisekisa ukuba iintlanganiso zikawonke wonke zikhuselekile, iindawo ezihloniphekileyo zinceda ekunciphiseni uloyiko.

Ukungathembani Ezinhlanganweni

Ukunganeliseki ngurhulumente, ukunganyaniseki, okanye amagosa angabonakaliyo angenza abantu balahleke ngokupheleleyo. Ukungathembani kusoloko kuyindlela esengqiqweni yokuphendula kwiimpazamo zexesha elidluleyo. Ukulungisa kudinga ukubonakala, ukulandelela ngokuzingisileyo, kunye nemigudu ebonakalayo yokuquka abo baye bachaphazeleka ngokwembali. Ukuthembana kuyinto ecothayo, kodwa kuqalisa ngemiboniso encinci, engaguqukiyo yengqibelelo.

Ukukhuthaza Ubungqina

Ukoyisa imiqobo yokuganana kufuna amaqhinga obuchule avela kwimibutho yorhulumente neyasekuhlaleni. Unyuselo olunempumelelo lungaphezulu kokucela ukwenza okuthile, kudala indalo eyenza ukuba ukuthabatha inxaxheba kube lula, kube nokuzibandakanya nokuvuza.

Imfundo nokubhala

Imfundo ye-COVIC kufuneka iqale kwasekuqaleni, kwizikolo, kwaye iqhubekeke kwiinkqubo zolwazi zabantu abadala. Abahlali abaninzi abakhe bafunde indlela urhulumente wabo wasekuhlaleni akhiwe ngayo, indlela yokufumana ummeli webhunga labo, okanye indlela yokufaka isikhalazo. Iincwadi zikawonke-wonke, iikholeji zoluntu, kunye namaqela angenangeniso angangenisa iintshayelelo kwimixholo efana nethi “Ukuqonda Imfuno Yempahla Yakho” okanye“ Indlela Yokuthetha Kwindawo Kawonke-wonke.” Abantu abayiqonda kakuhle inkqubo banokuyisebenzisa.

IiPlatform eziFikelelekayo neziHlanganisiweyo

Imizuzu yentlanganiso, izakhelo, kunye nezaziso zikawonke-wonke kufuneka zifumaneke ngeelwimi ezininzi kunye nakwiimijelo ezininzi",print, i-imeyili, umbhalo, kunye ne-media. i-Online ii-portal ezivumela amagqabaza okwenyaniso exesha loluntu ngexesha leentlanganiso, kwakunye ne-awinfronown indibaniso (umz., uhlolo oluvulwe ngenyanga), imiqobo esezantsi kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuya kwiziganeko ezikhoyo. Isixeko sase Madrid’s DEcide Madrid iqonga elingumzekelo okhokela wokubhalisa amanani, ukuvumela abahlaliyo ukuba bathethe, ingxoxo, incoko, kunye nevoti yemithetho ebhaliweyo.

Ubuchule kunye nonikezelo

Imigudu yokuzibophelela kubemi abangaphantsi kwe-asethi, abaqeshi, abangenazikhundla, amakhaya angenayo, abaselula, nabantu abanombala. Oku kungathetha ukuba babambe iintlanganiso kuluntu kunokuba kube yiholo yesixeko, ukubonelela abantwana neenkonzo zokucaphula, okanye ukuququzelela abathathi-nxaxheba ngexesha labo (umz., ngokudlula kwimibutho efumana ii-actrock collegements). I-National Cvivic League’s [[FLT: 0]] Zonke iziXhobo zomfo zabantwana kunye ne-America ziyabamkela abantu abathatha inxaxheba ngexesha labo (umz.t."FLT:1]

Uxabiso Neetapi zokutyisa

Xa abemi be-ofisi benenxaxheba, iminikelo yabo kufuneka ivunywe. Oku kunokuba lula njengokubulela ngexesha lentlanganiso, ukupapasha uluhlu lwamatsha - ntliziyo kwincwadi ebhaliweyo, okanye ukunikela iziqinisekiso zokwazisa. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, oorhulumente kufuneka bavale irhintyela ngokuchaza indlela igalelo likawonke-wonke elisiphembele ngayo isigqibo, okanye ukuba akunjalo, kutheni iziphumo zikhuthaza ukuthembana kwaye zikhuthaza ukuba kubekho inxaxheba kwixesha elizayo.

Indima Karhulumente Wasekuhlaleni Njengomncedi

Amagosa kunye nabasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bamisela indlela yokuganana kwebutho labantu. Iinkokeli eziya ngokukhutheleyo zicela igalelo, ziphulaphule ngaphandle kokuzikhusela, zize zijonge amagqabaza kawonke-wonke njengoncedo oluxabisekileyo kunokuba zikhuthaze ukucaphuka kwenkcaso. Iinkqubo zokuququzelela intsebenziswano njengokusebenzisa uqingqo-mali, iingxelo zoluntu, kunye neebhodi zokubhalisa izivumelwano ziqinisekisa ukuba ukugana akusosiganeko esinye esingekhoyo kodwa kungumkhwa oqhubekayo. Izixeko ezinjengoSeattleattle noAustin zizinikele ngokukhuthaza ukuhambela phambili uluntu nokubhalisana, nto ebonakalisa ukubaluleka kwazo.

Isiphelo

Impilo yedemokhrasi yasekuhlaleni ixhomekeke ekubandakanyekeni okusebenzayo kwabemi bayo. Ukudityaniswa kwabantu abachaphazelekayo kwizigqibo kuqinisekisa ukuba abantu abachaphazelekayo banento ethethayo ekuzenzeni, okuphumela kwimigaqo-nkqubo esabelayo, elinganayo, nesebenzayo. Iingenelo ``ukusebenza, ukunyanzeleka, ukuphendula, nokuphuculwa komgangatho wobomi, kwaziswa kakuhle, kunye nocelomngeni lokungakhathali, ixesha, nokungathembani. Ukoyisa ezi ngxaki kufuna ukuveliswa kwemfundo, imigangatho epheleleyo, kunye nezakhiwo zikarhulumente ezibeka abemi esizinzile.

Ukudibana asisosenzo esinye kodwa kulwalamano oluqhubekayo phakathi kwabemi kunye namaziko abo asekuhlaleni. Wonke umntu angaqalisa intlanganiso enye, afunde ucwangciso olunye, athethe nommelwane omnye malunga nembambano yasekuhlaleni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi zenzo ziqokelela kumandla adibanisa uluntu. Ikamva lolawulo lwasekuhlaleni lixhomekeke kuhlobo lorhulumente ukuya ku kubemi balo, kodwa koko ikwenzayo kunye nabo.