Table of Contents

Ukuqonda Umlinganiselo Opheleleyo Werhafu Yemihlaba

Iirhafu zepropati zimela enye yeendleko ezinkulu eziphindwa rhoqo kubanini-ndlu, ezidla ngokulingana nemali yendlu kunye ne-inshorensi. Ngoxa bexhasa iinkonzo zoluntu eziyimfuneko ezifana nezikolo zikarhulumente, ugcino-ndlela, amasebe amapolisa kunye namathala eencwadi, abanini-makhaya abaninzi bafumana inkqubo ididekile kwaye inzima. Olu khokelo lubanzi lunciphisa zonke iinkcitho zerhafu yempahla.

Yintoni Irhafu Yempahla Nomntu Oyimiselayo?

Iirhafu zempahla ziinkokhelo zemali ezisetyenziswayo qha, ngokubhekiselele "ngexabiso""" ngokubhekiselele kumagunya omhlaba oluntu arhafisayo. Ngokungafaniyo nerhafu yerhafu okanye yerhafu, irhafu yempahla iqokelelwa kwingingqi, kumasipala, nakwimigangatho yesithili sesikolo. Ingeniso eveliswa ngqo iinkonzo zemali kulawulo lwendawo apho ikhoyo. Le rhafu ngumthombo wengeniso oyintloko kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni, ityala malunga nama-30% awo onke amazwe kunye nerhafuzo zerhafu yerhafu eUnited States.

Amasebe akhethekileyo amisela amaqondo erhafu yempahla ahlukene ngokwemeko nendawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umhloli wengingqi umisela ixabiso lepropati, ngelixa ibhodi eyahlukileyo okanye ibhunga lebhunga limisela isantya serhafu (okwakudla ngokuthiwa yisantya sokungqubana). Abaninimzi kufuneka bachaze iofisi yomhloli wemali wasekuhlaleni baze baqonde ikhalenda yovavanyo ukuba bahlale besazi.

Indlela Ebalwa Ngayo Irhafu Yempahla

Ukubala kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi anokuhluka-hlukene ngokomthetho. Ukuqonda ilungu ngalinye kukunceda uqinisekise umlomo wakho kunye neempazamo.

Ixabiso elithelekelelwayo

Ixabiso lentengiso yempahla yakho yeyona ithengiselwayo kwintengiso evulekileyo. Ixabiso lohlolo, noko ke, linani elisetyenziselwa iinjongo zerhafu. Imimandla emininzi ivavanya iqhezu lexabiso lentengiso (umzekelo, 80% okanye 100). Amanye amatyala anyusa uhlolo lwaminyaka le lwanda ukukhusela abaninimzi kwizikhonkwane ezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, iprosition 13 yemida yohlolo yaminyaka le yayanyukela kwi-2% ngaphandle kokuba indawo ithengiswe okanye isanda kwakhiwa.

Isantya Serhafu

Isantya serhafu siboniswa kwimigalelo, apho isijikelezi-mali esinye silingana ne-R1,000 ngexabiso lomlinganiselo werhafu. Ukuba ingingqi yakho inesantya esipheleleyo seminyaka engama-50, kwaye ikhaya lakho lithathwa nge-R240 000, irhafu yempahla yakho yonyaka ingaba ngu-R3 000 (200 x 50). Imali-mali ibekwa ngurhulumente wasekuhlaleni ngexesha loqingqo-mali kwaye isenokutshintsha ngenxa yeemfuno zemali zezikolo, izibonelelo zesakhiwo, kunye neenkonzo zongxamiseko.

Izikhuseli neziThlawuliso

Ukukhulula umlinganiselo osisigxina kwixabiso lakho eliqingqiweyo phambi kokuba usebenzise irhafu. Ukungahlawuli okuqhelekileyo kuquka ukukhulula ekhaya (okukhoyo kwizindlu eziphambili), ukukhulula abantu abadala, amagqala, abantu abakhubazekileyo, kunye nokulima. Umzekelo, iTexas inikela ukhutshelo lwerhafu yesikolo yerhafu yesithili. Ngamaxesha onke khangela iinkqubo zelizwe lakho zokukhulula irhafu uze usebenzise ngokukhawuleza.

Imali ehlawulwayo

Imithetho yemithetho inje: Irhafu yeProperty = (Ixabiso elithenjiweyo – Ukukhutshwa) × Millla Rate 76 1000. Ezinye iindawo zisebenzisa amaqondo awohlukeneyo kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo (umz., irhafu yengingqi, irhafu yesikolo, irhafu kamasipala), ngoko upheleleyo umbalelwano lwakho lungamanani alo maleko.

Ukuqonda Ukuphekwa Kwerhafu

Uhlolo alumi; luhlaziywa ngamaxesha athile. Yiyo le nto umninimzi ngamnye afuna ukuyazi.

Indlela Abalinganisi Abalifumana Ngayo Ixabiso

Abaxilongo basebenzisa iindlela ezintathu eziphambili: uthelekiso lwentengiso (luthelekise intengiso yakutshanje yamakhaya afanayo), indlela yokufikelela (ukulinganisa ixabiso lokubuyisela elincinane lokuhlisa umlinganiselo), kunye nendlela yengeniso (ukuze kufumaneke izinto eziqeshiweyo). Uvavanyo oluninzi lwabemi basekhaya luxhomekeke kuthelekiso lwentengiso. Abalinganisi-manani basenokuqhuba uhlolo lomzimba okanye basebenzise imizekelo esekelwe kwimiqathango yengingqi. Ukuba wenza inkqubela efana nokongezelela igumbi lokuhlambela okanye ukugqiba ulindele ukuba uhlolo lwakho lunyuke.

Umjikelo nokwaziswa

Inkoliso yamazwe ahlola kwakhona iminyaka nganye ukuya kwemihlanu. Uza kufumana isaziso sexabiso elithelekelelwayo, eliqhelekileyo kwiposi. Esi saziso siquka ixabiso lempahla yakho, umyinge werhafu, kunye nerhafu epheleleyo efunekayo. Ikwachaza nendlela yokubhenela. Lugcine olu xwebhu lweerekhodi zakho.

Into Ofanele Uyenze Ukuba Ucinga Ukuba Ucinga Ukuba Uza Kuphumelela

Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lungaphaya kwexabiso elifanelekileyo lentengiso, unelungelo lokubhena. Le nkqubo iyahluka-hluka kodwa ibandakanya ukuvalwa komkhalazo obhaliweyo neofisi yomhloli, inika ubungqina obufana nolu vavanyo lwakutshanje okanye ukuthengiselwana kwakutshanje, kunye nokufika kwitalente. Amaqondo empumelelo ayahluka, kodwa abanini-makhaya abaninzi bafumana unciphiso. Ngokufu abafi bangqongqo iintsuku ezingama-30 ukusuka kumhla wesaziso.

Ukukhutshwa Kwerhafu Ephezulu Nendlela Yokwahlula

Imali yerhafu inokuncitshiswa kakhulu. Ngeli ngezantsi yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo efumaneka kulo lonke elaseUnited States.

Ukukhululeka Kwendawo Esekhaya

Oku kukhulula kuyasebenza kwindlu yakho yokuqala. Kunciphisa ixabiso elihlawulekayo ngexabiso elisisigxina (umz. R225 000 eFlorida). Amanye amaphondo anika i "homestead cap" ekwandiswa imida yohlolo lwaminyaka le. Ukuyibeka, kufuneka uphile ekhaya njengedilesi yakho esisigxina kwaye ufakela isicelo nengingqi.

Ukuhlangulwa Kwemi Ekhulileyo

Amaphondo amaninzi anika isiqabu esongezelelekileyo kumnini khaya oneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu. Ukukhulula kusenokuba kusekelwe kwiminyaka yobudala, kwingeniso, okanye kuyo yomibini. Umzekelo, ukwenziwa kweKhalifoniya 19 kuvumela abaphezulu ukuba badlulisele isiseko serhafu kwikhaya elitsha. Jonga inkqubo yokungabikho komnxeba kummandla wakho omkhulu efuna ukuhlaziywa minyaka le.

Iinguqu

Abasebenzi abaneziphene ezidibene nenkonzo, amaqabane aphilayo, nabantu abakhubazekileyo bangalufanelekela ukukhululeka ngokulinganiselweyo okanye ngokupheleleyo. Isixa esisoloko sidibana nereyithingi yesiphene. Umzekelo, iNew York inika amagqala angamashumi amahlanu% ukukhululeka ngexesha lemfazwe. Uxwebhu olusuka kwiVA luyimfuneko.

Ezinye Izikhuseli Ezikhethekileyo

Khangela kwimibutho ekhululayo kwilizwe lokulima, izakhiwo zembali, ufakelo lombane welanga, okanye izinto ezingezomibutho yonqulo okanye yezezezentlalo - ntle. Nganye ineendlela ezikhethekileyo zokufumana inkxaso-mali.

Ukuhlawula Irhafu Yempahla: Izinto Onokuzenza Neenkonzo

Iirhafu zempahla zifuneka ngokocwangciso lukarhulumente wakho. Imimandla emininzi yamkela ukuhlawulwa minyaka le, kancinane, okanye kayingesiqingatha. Nazi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuhlawula kunye nezizathu ezibalulekileyo.

Ukubhatala Ngokungqalileyo kwiGunya leNtloko

Ungahlawula ngqo ngokukhangela, ngokujonga i-intanethi, okanye ngokobuqu. Amanye amagunya anika intengo yemali ehlawulwa kwangethuba. Ngokuchaseneyo, intlawulo yamva ibangela izigwebo nenzala, -- ngokufuthi 1% ngenyanga okanye ngaphezulu. Cwangcisa okanye bhalisa kwimixokelelwano ezenzekelayo yokuphepha ubuhlolo.

Uludwe Lweengxelo Ngemali Yakho Esemva

Ababoleki abaninzi bafuna abobolekiweyo ukuba bahlawule irhafu yempahla kwityala lemali yabo yemali yendlu ebhankini njengenxalenye yentlawulo yenyanga. Umboleki ngoko uyayisusa irhafu kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni xa ifuneka. Oku kunweba indleko ngaphezu kweenyanga ezili-12 kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba awuze ujongene nemali enkulu yexhulum. Noko ke, lumka ukuba ii-akhawunti ze-escrow zinokungasoloko ziqokelelwa okanye zikhokelele kwintlawulo. Hlola ingxelo yakho ye-escrow ukuze uqinisekise ukuchana.

Izicwangciso zobhatalo kunye neenkqubo zobunzima

Ukuba akukwazi ukuhlawula ngokupheleleyo, ezinye izibalo zinika izicwangciso zecandelwana okanye iinkqubo ezibambekayo, ingakumbi kubakhulu okanye abanini-makhaya abaphantsi. Ukhuselo luhlehlisa ukuhlawulwa de impahla ithengiswe okanye ithunyelwe. Inzala iphinde ifumaneke, kodwa ingathintela ukukhusela. Xhumana neofisi yomqokeleli werhafu ukuphanda iinketho.

Iziphumo zokungahlawulwa: Ubuxoki

Ngokungafaniyo namanye amatyala, irhafu yempahla yeyona nto iphambili. Nantsi imiphumo eqhubekekayo.

Ukufumana umdla nentlawulo

Iirhafu ezingahlawulwanga ziqalisa ngokukhawuleza ukuba nomdla ophezulu nezigwebo zamva. Isantya siyahluka-hluka ngokorhulumente kodwa sidla ngokungaphezulu kwe-10% ngonyaka. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, ityala elipheleleyo lingaba yibhaluni ephawulekayo.

Irhafu Ixokwa Kule Mihlaba

Ukuba irhafu ayihlawulwa, urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ubeka irhafu kwimpahla yakho. Oku kuxoka kunika urhulumente ityala elisemthethweni. Kwamanye amazwe, ibhokhwe ingathengiswa kumnini-mali wabucala kwifashoni yerhafu. Otyala irhafu ngoko uhlawula irhafu aze azuze inzala. Umele uhlawulele lowo utyala irhafu ukukhulula ubuxoki, okanye ubeka ubomi bakho engozini yokuphulukana nempahla yakho.

Ukhuseleko

Emva kwexesha lomthetho (ngokufuthi iminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu), igunya lokurhafisa lingaqalisa ukunikezela. Oku kuphumela ekunyanzelweni kwendlu yakho ukuthengisa irhafu engahlawulwayo. Ityala linokwenzeka nokuba unendlu efunwe yi-(innyani), abakhokhi berhafu bathatha indawo yokuqala kunetyala lendlu. Ukuphepha ubuhloloshe bunzima. Ukuba uxakeka, qhagamshelana nocebisi-ndlu okanye uncedo olusemthethweni ngoko nangoko.

Ubuchule Bokuphatha Nokunciphisa Impahla Yakho

Abaninimzi abasebenza ngokusemthethweni banokuthabatha amanyathelo amaninzi ukugcina iirhafu zempahla ziphantsi kweliso.

Hlola Iingcinga Zakho Rhoqo

Nyaka ngamnye, thelekisa ixabiso lakho lomlinganiselo wokuthengwa kwakutshanje kwamakhaya afanayo akwingingqi yakho. Ukuba uhlolisiso lwakho lubonakala lungahambi emgceni, qokelela ubungqina uze ubhale ifayile efaka isibheno. Kwanokunciphisa ngokunempumelelo ii-R120 000 ezikwixabiso elithelekelelwayo, kungasindisa amakhuluwaka ngonyaka.

Yenza kuzo zonke iziciko ezilula

Abanini-makhaya abaninzi baphuthelwa kukungaphumi kwimisebenzi abafanele ukukufumana. Kuvuselela ukuba ukulungele unyaka ngamnye, ingakumbi ukuba iimeko zakho ziyatshintsha (umz., ukujika 65, ukukhubazeka, okanye ukuthenga ikhaya okwesihlandlo sokuqala). Ifayile iifomu ezifunekayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo (ezinye iimini ziqala ngoAprili 1.

Ukuqonda Iinguqu Zesantya

Imali yakho yerhafu inganyuka nokuba uphando lwakho luhlala luthe tyaba ukuba urhulumente wasekuhlaleni unyusa umlinganiselo wokugalela. Yiya kwibhodi yesikolo okanye kwibhunga lesixeko uqingqo-mali ukuze uvakalise uluvo lwakho. Kwezinye iindawo, abavoti kufuneka bavumele isantya sinyuke ngokusebenzisa i-antenderum, bekunika impembelelo ethe ngqo.

Khawucinge Ngenkonzo Yokuhlawula Irhafu

Iinkampani ezininzi zinikela uncedo lwesibheno kumvuzo (ngokufuthi ipesenti yogcino-mali). Ngoxa unokuzifaka esibheno, ezi nkonzo zisingatha amaphepha zibonelele ngendlela efanayo. Hlola ingxelo yazo yerekhodi kunye nenkcitho ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye.

Imigaqo-nkqubo yerhafu ekubuyeleni

Abanini-khaya abafaka imali yerhafu yefama bangayisusa kwirente yerhafu yefama kunye neyasekuhlaleni (kuquka irhafu yefama) ekubuyiselweni kwabo kwerhafu yorhulumente, phantsi koMgaqo-nkqubo we-R1000 (othe wadityaniswa) phantsi koMthetho we-Tax Cuts kunye noMsebenzi. Le ntengiso isebenza kuphela kwirhafu oyihlawule ngokwenene ebudeni bonyaka. Gcina iingxelo zamatyala erhafu kunye neengxelo zerhafu.

Irhafu Yempahla Yezorhwebo Zexesha Lokuqala

Ukuba ungena kuthengiso lwezindlu, irhafu yempahla inguthunywa obalulekileyo ekuhlawuleni. Nantsi into omele uyikhumbule.

Irhafu Engundoqo Kuqingqo - mali Lwakho

Imali ohlawula ngayo nyanga nganye iquka inqununu, inzala, i-inshorensi, kunye nerhafu yempahla (PITI). Cela umboleki wakho ukuba athelekelele irhafu esekelwe kwixabiso lentengiso nakwixabiso lasekuhlaleni. Khumbula ukuba iingxelo zisenokunyuka emva kokuthenga, ingakumbi ukuba umnini wangaphambili wayenexabiso eliphantsi ngenxa yokungahlawulwa okanye iikepisi.

Uphando Ngemibandela Yokuhlawula Irhafu

Phambi kokuba wenze intelekelelo, fumana imbali yerhafu yepropati kwi-website yomhloli wengingqi. Jonga nakuphi na ukuphinda kuvavanywa kwakhona kwakutshanje, izibheno ezilindeleyo, okanye umlinganiselo ongahlawulwayo. Ukutsiba ngequbuliso kwixabiso lohlolo kusenokuthetha ityala eliphezulu kunyaka ozayo.

Yazi Iinkqubo Zerhafu

Ezinye izixeko zinikela irhafu yexeshana yokwakha okanye yokulungiswa kwerhafu, ingakumbi kumazwe okuphuhlisa inkqubela-phambili. Ezi zinokuyihlisa irhafu yakho kangangeminyaka. Buza kumphathi-mhlaba wakho okanye kwiofisi yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho yasekuhlaleni malunga neenkqubo ezikhoyo.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo Ngerhafu Yemihlaba

Ngaba iirhafu zempahla zinokwanda nyaka ngamnye?

Ewe, kodwa iqondo lixhomekeke kwimithetho yasekuhlaleni. Amanye amaphondo alinganisela ukwanda konyaka ngepesenti emiselweyo (umz. 2% eKhalifoniya). Amanye avumela uhlaziyo olupheleleyo olusekelwe kwiimeko zemarike. Ukulindela ukwanda okuthe ngcembe njengoko amaxabiso empahla noqingqo-mali lukarhulumente lunyuka.

Ngaba iirhafu zempahla ziyafana kuzo zonke iindawo ezikuloo mmandla?

Hayi. Nangomlinganiselo omnye womhlaba, izinto ezinamaxabiso ahlukeneyo anokuhlawula umlinganiselo owahlukeneyo. Ngaphezu koko, ukukhulula kunye nezithili ezikhethekileyo (umz., ukukhusela umlilo) zingenza izinto ezahlukeneyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa ndithengisa indlu yam phakathi konyaka?

Irhafu yempahla ithengwa ngumthengi ngenxa yerhafu eseyihlawulelwe emva kokuthengiswa, okanye umthengi uhlawulela umthengi irhafu engahlawulwanga ngaphambi kokuba athengiswe.

Ndingayisusa irhafu yempahla ukuba andifaki mali?

Hayi. Isicombululo serhafu karhulumente neyasekuhlaleni (SALT) sikhona kuphela ukuba ufaka izincopho kwiShedyuli A. Ukuba uthatha izincopho ezisezantsi, awunakuyisusa irhafu yempahla. Khangela ugqirha werhafu okanye bona [[FLT: 0]] IMITHETHO YESGOTHO A[[FLT: 1]].

Ndiwufumana njani umkhamo werhafu yempahla yam yasekuhlaleni?

Hamba umhloli we-website yengingqi yakho okanye umqokeleli werhafu. Abaninzi banikela izixhobo zokukhangela irhafu yempahla ngedilesi okanye ngenombolo yepasile. Ungabiza i-ofisi yonobhala wengingqi ukuba afumane ixabiso lokungqubana kwangoku.

Isiphelo: Ukulawula Irhafu Yemihlaba Yakho

Irhafu yempahla yinxalenye entsonkothileyo kodwa elawulekayo yomninimzi. Ngokuqonda indlela uhlolo olusebenza ngayo, ukucela ukukhulula, ukutsala impempe, nokuhlala ukhokha ngokufanelekileyo, unganciphisa izinto ongazilindelanga uze ugcine imali eninzi epokothweni yakho. Isitshixo kukuhlala ubhalise isaziso sakho, uthathe iintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni, uqhagamshelane noogqirha xa kufuneka. Ngolwazi olunikiweyo apha, unganyusa iirhafu zempahla ngentembelo kwaye ujolise ekunandipheni ikhaya lakho.