Abaphathi bezixeko basebenza njengamagosa ayintloko oorhulumente bakamasipala, beguqulela umbono wamagosa anyuliweyo kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo kunye neenkonzo ezibumba ubomi bemihla ngemihla bezigidi zabemi. Njengoko amadolobha ejamelene nokukhula kwengeniso, ukuhlukaniswa ngokwesizwe, kwaye ukufikelela okungalinganiyo ekufumaneni amathuba, indima yabaphathi besixeko iguqukile ngaphaya kolawulo olungokwesithethe. Ngoku kulindeleke ukuba babe ngabayili bezinto ezithe tye — ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo yedolophu ayigcini nje kuphela imo kodwa idilize nokususa imiqobo nokusasaza imithombo. Oku kufuna uxanduva olwandisiweyo, ukusetyenziswa kwedata-olwazi olusemthethweni ukwenza ukuba kubekho ulawulo olungaphezulu. Ngokuququzelele kwimibangonke ulawulo lwasedolo-dolophu, abaphathi besixeko banokunceda izixeko ezingalungelenelanga nokungalungeleni, kodwa kwane, kwaye bayakwazi ukwanelisa, kwaye baquququke,

Indima eNkulungela abaPhathi-mikhosi beziXhobo eDolobha

Umlawuli wesixeko wangoku usebenza kudityaniso lolawulo nokhokelo. Abasekho kuqingqo-mali kunye nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo, bangamaqabane alungeleleneyo ekulolongeni iziphumo zexesha elide zoluntu. Olu tshintsho lubonisa ukuba ukungazixhasi kolawulo akwanele — izigqibo malunga nendawo yokwakha iipaki, indlela yokuxhasa izikolo, kwaye ziziphi izakhiwo ezifumana inkxaso eninzi ezineziphumo ezinzulu. Ngoko ke abaphathi bezixeko mabaqonde indlela amandla, imbali, kunye nolwabiko lwezibonelelo lwemali oluye lwadala iinqobo zezahlulo kwaye bathatha inyathelo lokuzilungisa ngeqhinga.

Ukusuka Kulawulo Ukuya Kumgangatho Ofanelekileyo

Ngokwembali, umphathi wesixeko wayilelwe ukwahlula imicimbi yezobupolitika kubaphathi, kunye noomaneja abajongene nokuphumelela nokungakhethi buso. Namhlanje, loo njongo iyaphinda ibuye ifunyaniswe. Abaphathi abaninzi besixeko ngoku basebenza kunye noomatiloshe, amabhunga, namaqela oluntu ukuba benze imigaqo-nkqubo ephakathi. Baququzelela abaxhasi bezopolitiko, bahlolisise inkqubano, kunye neenkqubano zokujoliseka kuluntu ngokweembali ngokwentla-ntle. Oku kufunela abathathi-mali abatsha abajongene nokhuphicothaneyo: ubuchule benkcubeko, ubukho benkqenkqele, kunye namandla okunxibelelana ubuchule obuntlukwano-ongo kwimibutho yoluntu noqeqesho olungokwahlukeneyo lwezentlalo-ntlalo-ntle. Ngokutsho kwe-[FLT.0] Isixeshi/ig.[Fod sy Associationtialalgatial systed system) [FM.[FUp]

Ukulungelelanisa Ubuchule Bokwenza Okusemzimbeni Nobulungisa Bentlalo

Uxinezeleko olungapheliyo lwabaphathi besixeko kukulinganisela ubuchule bokusebenza nokulingana. Umzekelo, umlinganiselo oxabisa imali eninzi njengokudibanisa iinkqubo zasemva kwesikolo esinye unganciphisa ulawulo oluphezulu kodwa ungaphazamisa iintsapho kwimimandla ekwindawo ezithuthwayo. Isilanga esikhoyo sifuna abaphathi ukuba babuze: Ngubani onezicombululo? Ngubani othwala iindleko? [[FLT:] abaphathi be-Dometers kufuneka balahle i-dichotomy yokuba umgangatho ufike kwindleko yempumelelo yemisebenzi ye-DNATY [ endaweni yoko ukufuna izisombululo ezinokufikelela kuzo zombini okanye iiyunithi ezikhoyo ezisebenzisa ii-cellulayiti ukuze bafikelele phantsi kwemimandla esebenzayo. Ngokudibanisa ukusetyenziswa koomatshini nokusetyenziswa koqingqohlalo lwe-DNAMETS, umlawuli we-DNA.

Ukuqonda Ukulingana Kumgaqo-nkqubo Wasedolophini: Iinkcazelo Nemilinganiselo

Ukulingana kudla ngokudityaniswa nokulingana. Ukulingana kuthetha ukunika wonke umntu ubuncwane obufanayo; ukulingana kuthetha ukuqaphela ukuba amaqela ahlukeneyo aneemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye neengongoma zokuqalisa. Kwinkqubo yasedolophini, ukulingana kubandakanya ukudibanisa imiqobo yenkqubo kunye nobeko lwemali apho anokuba nempembelelo enkulu khona. Ukusebenzisa oku, abaphathi besixeko kufuneka baqonde imilinganiselo emithathu enxulumeneyo: iprocedtural, i-actriver, kunye nobume.

Inkqubo, Ukusasaza, kunye noMakha-sangqa

[[NTLL: 0] Intsingiselo epheleleyo ye-equite igxininisa ekungahambelani komsebenzi woguqulelo kwiinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo. Abemi abakwimbali abakhutshwayo — abemi abafumana ingeniso ephantsi, abantu abanombala, abafuduki, abaneziphene — abafakelwe ngokunentsingiselo kwinkqubo yoyilo? Oku kufuna ukuba iintlanganiso zivuleleke, kufuneke izithuba zoguqulelo, iinkonzo zoguqulelo, ukunyamekela abantwana, kunye nembuyiselo yamalungu oluntu. [[FLT.FLT:] [FT.FFFF:2]]] expt [ecromes , , , ingunobangela ukuba kubekho imithetho enjalo, i-ethematike, i-ethematike, nemithwalo eninzi. [ethenjiweyo, i-FFF.]

Ukulingana Kwendlela Yokwenza Izinto Ezisezixekweni

Amashumi eminyaka okungalingani kwezindlu zorhulumente, ucwangciso lwezithuthi, kunye neendawo zasekuhlaleni ziye zadala iindlela zokufumana ubuhlwempu obuninzi kunye nobutyebi. Umzekelo, kwizixeko ezininzi zase-United States, imimandla emininzi yabaNsundu ayikakwazi ukufikelela ekutyeni okutsha, umgangatho wempilo, kunye ne-station ethembekileyo. Abaphathi beziXeko kufuneka bamelane nezi zinxulumani ezi zisemgangathweni, ukulwa nesi simo sokuzingela. Oko kuthetha ukumelana nesilingo sokusukela “indawo ekwakuyo" imisebenzi egqitha ingxubuliso, kwaye endaweni yoko inyanzelela kwiziphumo ezibanzi zokungalinganiyo. Kuthetha ukudibana nemibutho yengingqi, imimandla, izifunda, izifunda, iphondo, iphondo, kunye nokuphuhliso kuphuhlisoluntu ukuze bathethe ngqo ngqo. Ngaphandle kwesi sibonelelo sinye senkqubo, imigaqo-enkqubo esetyenziswa ngokungenalusinzelo lonke ixesha elide — ukurhoxisana nokulingana kweminye imimandla ephakathi.

Imisebenzi Ekhuthaza Ukufudusa Ubuchule

Ukuguqulela imigaqo ye-equator ekusebenzeni kufuna impumelelo efanelekileyo yamacebo abonakalayo. Abaphathi bezixeko abaphumeleleyo baphatha iqhinga elingelilo elifanelekileyo kodwa njengesiseko sesigqibo ngasinye, ukuqesha nokufumana umhlaba wokusetyenziswa nokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke.

Ukwenza izigqibo zogcino-lwazi

Ugcino-lwazi lusisixhobo esinamandla sokusebenzisa i-quare. Amasebe esixeko aqokelela ubuninzi obukhulu bolwazi — kulwaphulo-mthetho, kwizindlu, kwimpilo, kwizothutho, nangaphezulu — kodwa asoloko engenabo ubuchule bokuyisusa ngemivuzo yengingqi yemali ngebala, ingeniso, ubufana, kunye nezinye izalathisi. abaphathi besixeko kufuneka bafake ingeniso ephezulu [iiiibhodi zemali ezithethwathwathwali-mali ezibonisa ingeniso yekhaya ngengingqi, amacandelo e-Asmaskopt, amacandelo e-aspointsting, kunye neminye imiba yamapolisa. Umzekelo, isixeko saseSan Antonio'Atlas iimaphu ze-mastiess ezingaphezulu kwama-60 eeprojectives. Noko ke, umalathi ogcino-data kuphela kufuneka uphephe ulwazi olune ngokusetyenziswa kwe-data kunye nokungaphiconga-ma kwe-data e-ogrometric. — ukuqinisekisa i-og.

Izenzo zobandakanyeko loluntu

Ukuva okuqhelekileyo kudla ngokutsala intetho eninzi — kunye nenkoliso yabahlali. Inyaniso ifuna ukufikelela ngaphaya “kokukrokreleka.” Abaphathi bezixeko bangamkela iindlela ezahlukeneyo: ukuba neentlanganiso kumaziko oluntu kunye neecawa, ukuchaza nokuguqulela, ukunikezela ngezixhobo zokuthelekisa izithuba zesixeko, nokusebenzisa amaqonga akwi-intanethi kunye noomatshini abasebenzisanayo. imodeli ethembisayo yimali yokuhlawula imali [[, apho abemi bagqiba ngqo ukuchitha inxalenye yoqingqo-mali yesixeko. Izixeko ezifana neChicago, New York, ne-Oakland ziye zasebenzisa imali ekhoyo kwimisebenzi efunyenweyo engoko. Enye indlela yokusebenzisa imali ekhoyo ekhoyo.

Ukusetyenziswa koHlahlo lwabiwo-mali neZibonelelo

Uhlaziyo lusisixhobo esinye esinamandla sokuguqulela izinto eziza kuqala kwinyani. Ngaphandle kokunikezelwa kwemali, kwanezona zizathu zicwangcisiweyo ziya kutsha. Abaphathi bezixeko bayakwazi ukuqhuba uhlaziyo lwemali epheleleyo — behlola indlela isebe ngalinye elisebenzisa ngayo imali ukuze babone indlela eluncedo okanye umthwalo wabantu abahlukeneyo. Amanye amadolobha ayenze imali engekhoyo, abekela bucala ipesenti yemali jikelele yeenkqubo ezinciphisa ngokucacileyo imilinganiselo yokuhamba. Umzekelo, kwi-202020, isixeko saseRichmond, eCalifornia, ebekelwe imali engaphezu kweshumi% yoqingqo-mali yayo kwi-Anti-Racism kunye ne-Equist Fund. [[FLT:] Imali eninzi ifanele iqwalasele ingeniso yemali yemali engundoqo [FLD:] ihovisi encinane.

Uphicotho-zincwadi loMgaqo-nkqubo nokulingana kobuhlanga

Phambi kokuba bamkele iinkqubo ezintsha, abaphathi besixeko bangafuna uhlolo lobuhlanga (REIA). Botshelelwe kwinkalo yempilo kawonke-wonke, iREIA ihlola indlela eziya kuchaphazela ngayo imigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe ngokulinganayo kodwa izixhobo zengxaki eqhubekayo yempilo, yendlu, yemfundo, nezoqoqosho. ISeattle ibiphakathi kwamadolobha okuqala ukubhalisa i-REIAA ngo-2012; ukususela ngoko, izixeko ezininzi zilandele ngokufanelekileyo. Ezi zigqibo ziqwalathiso aziyimiqobo kodwa ziyakwazi ukuveza, umzekelo, ukuba ukuvalwa kwemida encinane yemizini ehlala kuyo kusenokufumaneka kuyo izakhiwo ezihlala ezihlala abantu abahlala kuzo ngelinye ixesha, ukungenelelana ulwazi oluvumela ukuconga inkqubo yesixeko. Ngokunjalo, imigaqo yemithetho ekhoyo yokulungisa imigaqo-mthetho yamapolisa efihlakeleyo, i-Grogentine. — Udwe umjikelezo ocwangcote xa udweli othe uludwe ukuba enze uludwe oluthe lwabiwo oluthe lwabiwo-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-wonke-

Uhlolisiso Lwetyala Nezona Ziqheliselo Zilungileyo

Ukufunda kwizixeko eziye zaphumelela ukudibanisa i-quotting execleneyo kungakhuthaza nokukhokela abaphathi bezixeko. Ngoxa kusekho imibandela enxulumene nomongo, kuvela imixholo emininzi eqhelekileyo: ukhokelo lwezopolitiko, umanyano loluntu, ukuzibophelela ixesha elide, kunye nokufunda okulungelelanisayo.

Umzekelo wezixeko

Sittle, Washington — iSeattle’s Race and Social Justice Initiatiative, eyaqaliswa ngo-2004, yenye yezona migudu ezindala nezibanzi zikamasipala. Iquka icebo lobuchule kwisixeko jikelele, icebo elinyanzelisayo REIAA, kunye nomnatha weengqwele zokuxhasa isakhiwo esikhoyo kwisebe ngalinye. Inyathelo eliphambili liye lakhokelela ekuguquleni iinguqu eziya zisanda ngokwanda kwemali efumanekayo, ukwandisa ukufikelela kolwimi, kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhona imithetho ye-omatilo-o. Isitshixo sokuphumelela kuka-Sattlettle siye saxhaswa ngamandla kwaye sisebenza kakhulu.

LITHOMD, Khalifoniya — Emva kokuvakalisa ubuhlanga bubugxwayiba bempilo kawonke-wonke, iRichmond yamisa i-Ofisi ye-university neNgxowa-mali elwa no-Anti-Racism. Le ngxowa-mali, exhaswe kukuthunyelwa kwerhafu kwintengiso yempahla enkulu, ixhasa ngeemali iinkqubo zokuthintela ugonyamelo, umsebenzi wolutsha, kunye nentlawulo oluncinane loshishino. Abaphathi beziXhobe baseRichmond basebenza ngokusondeleneyo nemibutho yasekuhlaleni efana neRYYSE ukuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yokuphatha impahla esekelwe kwimpahla, ixhasa iiprojekthi ezisekelwe kwimisebenzi yoluntu, kunye nemali encinane.

I-Madison, Wisconsin — i-Ofisi kaMadison ye-Equcy ne-Social Justice iqhuba uhlolo lwe-screensholo lwesizwe kuzo zonke izicelo ezingundoqo zenkqubo kunye noqingqo-mali lwesixeko. Esi sixeko sikwafumene “iphulo lolawulo lwabasebenzi abaqhelekileyo”, igxininisa ekunyuseni umvuzo omncinci wabasebenzi besixeko, ukwandisa izindlu ezithengwayo, kunye nokufaka imali evenkileni ukudibanisa abahlalisa abahlali abahlawulwa abaphantsi bemisebenzi. Umphathi wesixeko udityaniswa ukuba iprojective ayiyo kodwa yiprojekthi esecaleni kodwa ngumthwalo ongundoqo.

Izifundo Ezifundiweyo

Ngaphaya kwemizekelo, izifundo ezininzi zicacile: Okokuqala, umsebenzi wokulinganisela ufuna ukunikezelwa kwabasebenzi kunye nokuxhaswa ngemali — akukho sixeko esinokuxhomekeka kwimisebenzi evuselela inkanuko. Okwesibini, unxulumano neengca ezingcano zoovimba ababalulekileyo ukuze kuthembeke kwaye kuqikelelwe. Owesithathu, abaphathi besixeko kufuneka bakulungele ukuvavanya nokulungisa izifundo; asinto yonke into ezakuphumelela, kwaye ukubonakala ngokucacileyo ngokungaphumeleli kombutho wogcino-lwazi lungathembaka. Ekugqibeleni, inkqubela-phambili ibuthathaka. Iinguqulelo kubaphathi bezobupolitika zingabuyisela impumelelo ngaphandle kokuba i-scrective idiation kwimithetho, izivumelwano, kunye nezakhiwo ezisisigxina. [[FLT:] Iqela elipheleleyo loMbutho loMphathi-Mphathi-majoni linika ubutyebi bophando lwezihlolo-mali nezixhobo zokufuna ukuxhasa i-gromedia.

Ukoyisa Ucelomngeni: Ukuthanda Kwezobupolitika, Ukuxhasa Imali Nokufumana Igunya

Ukurhweba ngokungekho mthethweni akunamiqobo. Abaphathi bezixeko basoloko bechasana namagosa anyuliweyo oyika ukuphazanyiswa yimibutho efumileyo, abasebenzi besebe abajonga i-quare njengemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo, okanye amaqela enzala angenelwayo kubume bemo. Ukunqongophala kwenkcitho kunye nokulinganiselwa kwamandla enkcitho kuqhubekeka kunzima. Noko ke, ezi zingxaki azinakoyiswa kuko.

Ukuchaswa Kwezobupolitika

Ukuchana kwezobupolitika kusoloko kubangelwa kukungaqondi kakuhle kwe-equity — ukukufanisa nokusetyenziswa kwemali enxulumene nobuhlwempu kunye nokunyuswa kwentsebenziswano ethathelwa abanye ukuze banike abanye. Abaphathi bezixeko bangakuphikisa oku ngokubeka intlawulo njengendlela elungileyo: ukuveliswa kwemibutho engaphantsi kwemfundo kuqinisa uqoqosho lwesixeko, kunciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nobuhlwempu, kwaye kuphucula ukuphucula intsebenziswano lwentlalo-ntle. Ugcino-lwazi kunye nokuthetha ngentlalo zizixhobo ezinamandla. Ukubonisa ukudumba okuphambili kwimimandla ephantsi ephantsi kwesixeko kubiza izigidi zezempilo nezokufundisa ngezemfundo kubangele ukuhlasela kwezemfundo. [FLT] ukuvelisa inzuzo ekhoyo engathi i-ecekelele. [FLT] [FLT] ukuphucula umanyano lwamaqela amaqela eepolitiko, amaqela amaqela angoovumi, amaqela angenayo, amaqela aphambili anokukwazi ukusetyenziswa nakusetyenziswayo kwimisebenzi ekwaziwayo kwiMisebenzi engaphambili.

Ukwakha ubugosa bangaphakathi kunye noomatiloshe

Umsebenzi wokusebenza udinga ubuchule obutsha: ukuqokelela nokuhlalutya ukudityaniswa kogcino-lwazi, ukuvelisa iingxoxo ezinzima, ukuyila iinkqubo zokudityaniswa, nokulawula utshintsho phakathi kwemisebenzi emikhulu. Abaphathi bezixeko bangafakela ekuqeqesheni bonke abasebenzi, hayi iinkokeli ezinkulu kuphela. IZiko le-Interteinchyingingingings, zizise ngaphandle kwamacandelo aneziquququ, zize zenze imibutho yolutsha phakathi kwamasebe. Filternate] lucelomngeni olupheleleyo [, kodwa abaphathi bezixeko abanokuba ngabasebenzi besakhazi: basebenzisa iminikelo yomthetho yomthetho (umzekelo., uqeqesho lwe-American Prefection Act, i-Comment Develotes Develorts) ukulungiselela i-eart, kunye neenkqubo zoqingqomatika zokwenene zoqingqomatika. Ulwano lwezibonelelo lwezibonelelo lwezibonelelo, ukuqeqeshwa kwe-data eninzi, ukuqesha ukuqeshwa, ukuqeshwa, ukuqeshwa kwe-opera kwe

Ikamva Lomgaqo - siseko Wasedolophini Ongenakulinganiswa

Njengoko izixeko zichacha kubhubhani yaye zijongana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukutshintsha - tshintsha kwamanani abantu nokuphazamiseka kwezobugcisa, ukulingana kuya kuba yinto enzima ngakumbi.

Indima yobuxhakaxhaka nogcino-lwazi

Ubugcisa obutsha bungavula okanye bunciphe izithuba. Umzekelo, izimvo zesixeko ezikrelekrele, ulwabelo lwezibonelelo ze-Al-drive, kunye nokuqiqa kwangaphambili kungaphucula iinkonzo kodwa kusenokukhuthaza ukucalucalucalulo ukuba ayiyilwa kakuhle. Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka baqhubeke besenza imigaqo yendlela yogcino-lwazi olufanelekileyo: ukhuseleko lwemfihlo, kunye nolawulo loluntu olucacileyo. Umzekelo, amanye amadolobha asebenzisa imodeli ekwazi ukuchaza izakhiwo zokuhlala ngokungqalileyo ukubeka imilinganiselo enokuba ilungelelanisa izakhiwo, kodwa kufuneka aqinisekise iimodeli ezinjalo ezikhoyo ezifumana imiphakatho ephantsi. [[FLT]] [5] [5] kunye nolawulo lobuxhakaxhakaxhakaxhathi oluphakileyo lobugcisa.[5]

Iimodeli zoLawulo eziBalulekileyo

Akukho sixeko sinokuthi siphumeze imigudu yokudibanisa. Abaphathi bezixeko abanokwenza ucwangciso-mali kuphela. Abaququzeleli bamaphondo, amaphondo, amaphondo esikolo, amasebe okuthutha, iinkqubo zokunyamekela impilo, kunye nemibutho yoluntu — babalulekile kuba abaxhasi abaninzi bempilo, ubutyebi, kunye namathuba angaphandle kwegunya likamasipala. Oomphathi beziXeko bayakwazi ukusungula imigudu yokucwangcisa kunye, ukwenza ii-metriciams, kunye nokuhlela imijikelo yoqingqo-mali. Izivumelwano zoluntu, apho abaphuhlisi bezikomfezi bathengela ukuthelekisa izindlu kunye nemisebenzi yasekuhlaleni, ngumzekelo omnye okhoyo, apho imibutho emininzi isebenzisana kwiinjongo ezifanayo, ezifana nokunciphisa ukufa kweentsana kwikhowudi ethile yesixeko. Abaphathi bezakhiwo bamele bajonge indima yabo njengemisebenzi ephezulu kodwa njengeefaktaftiesties.

Isiphumo: Abalawuli beziXeko

Abaphathi bezixeko bakwindawo ekhethekileyo ekwindawo ephakamileyo ekulawuleni kwedolophu. Abanyulwa, kodwa bamele banikwe ityala kumagosa anyuliweyo. Abangoopolitiko, kodwa babumba iziphumo zobupolitika. Abaxhasi mithetho yezentlalo, kodwa banokukhuthaza ubulungisa ngokwezolawulo. Ukungahambelani nemithetho yedolophu yokwenza ulawulo oluphezulu — oluchasene nomthetho wesixeko — olulucelomngeni olungundoqo lwexesha lethu. Njengoko amadolobha ekhula ngolwahlukeneyo kwaye engalinganiyo, izigqibo ezenziwa ngabaphathi besixeko namhlanje ziya kugqiba enoba izixeko ezizayo zahlukene okanye ziyahlulwa, ziyachachanaza okanye ziyazinzisa, ziyathoba okanye ziyazinzisa. Ngokudibanisa ulwazi, ukuhlahlela uhlahlolo, kunye nokutshintsha uhlahlolo lweziko, nakuhlala kwisigqibo ngasinye, abalawuli besixeko, abakwazi ukusetyenziswa nzima, kodwa bafumana ibhaso, kodwa ke ibhaso esibanzi isixeko. — Umgudu wonke olungileyo. — Umzamo