Isiseko Sobandakanyeka Kwidemokhrasi

Imfundo ihlala ingumgangatho ophantsi wedemokhrasi esebenzayo. Ngaphandle kokuba abemi baxhotyiselwe ukuqonda indlela esebenza ngayo urhulumente nendlela yokuhlolisisa ulwazi aluthabathayo, iinkqubo zedemokhrasi ziba sengozini yokusebenzisa kunye nokuphelisa imigaqo-nkqubo. Ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala nokubhala akuseyo izongezo ezikhethelweyo kuludwe lwezifundo eziqhelekileyo; zizinto ezingundoqo ezifunekayo ukuze kubekho inxaxheba ebalulekileyo kubomi babantu. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa indima ebalulekileyo ephunyezwayo ekunikeni abemi, ukuhlolisisa iingxaki zangoku, nokunikela iindlela ezisebenzayo zezikolo, uluntu, kunye nabenzi benkqubo.

Ukuchaza Ukufunda Nokubhala: Okungaphezulu Kokwazi Indlela Yokudlala

Ufundo lwe-Civic luquka ulwazi olusebenzisekayo nobuchule bokucinga obufunekayo ekuqhubeni phambili amaqumrhu karhulumente, ekukhuthazeni utshintsho, nasekubekeni amagosa kawonke-wonke etyala. Ngokwe- Ilungu lemfundo ye-CPICO[, umntu ofundele uluntu uqonda imigaqo esisiseko yedemokhrasi yezomGaqo-siseko, uqaphela amalungelo neembopheleleko zokuba ngummi, kwaye unobuchule bokusebenza nabanye ukucombulula iingxaki zengi.

Inxalenye ephambili yoluntu iquka:

  • Ukwazi izakhiwo zikarhulumente – ukuqonda ukwahlulwa kwamagunya, uhlolo nolwahlulo, urhulumente, nomsebenzi wemibutho yoluntu, urhulumente, kunye norhulumente.
  • Ukungabinakwenzeka kwamaphepha asisiseko – umGaqo-siseko wase-U.S., iBhili yamaLungelo, kunye namatyala embali eNkundla ePhakamileyo.
  • ubuchule bokuthatha inxaxheba obubalulekileyo - Ukwazi ukuba ungabhalisa njani, apho uza kuvota khona, indlela yokuphanda kunye nemilinganiselo yebhola, nokuqonda ikholeji ekhethiweyo.
  • Ukufumana ngaphaya konyulo – ukuya kwiiholo zedolophu, ukuqhagamshelana namagosa anyuliweyo, ukukhonza kumacandelo ejaji, ukuba nenxaxheba kumaxesha okugqabaza esidlangalaleni, nokudibanisa imibutho yezentlalo-ntle.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukuqonda amalungelo noxanduva – Iquka ukhuseleko loQhubela-zigqibo zoQoqo-nkqubo olufanelekileyo, kunye nembopheleleko yokuhlonela umthetho.

Uphando olusuka kwi Iziko lomgaqo-nkqubo woluntu lwe-Annenberg lubonisa rhoqo ukuba uninzi lwamaMelika angenakuwabiza amagama onke amasebe amathathu karhulumente, kwaye bambalwa kakhulu abanako ukuchaza amalungiselelo akhethekileyo eBhili yamaLungelo. Lo msantsa wolwazi uneziphumo ezingqalileyo kwimpilo yedemokhrasi, njengomvoti, ukurhoxa kwezobupolitika, nokuchanabeka ekususeni zonke ii-correctrences ngolwazi lwaseluntwini.

Ukuqonda Okusezindabeni: Ukusebenzisa Ulwazi Lwamanani

Ukudubuleka kwezixhobo zobugcisa kuye kwayiguqula indlela abantu abasebenzisa ngayo iindaba nabanenxaxheba ngayo kwintetho yesidlangalala. Ngoxa i-intanethi inika ulwazi olungenakuthelekiswa nanto, ikwanceda ukuba ulwazi oluthe ngqo, ukudityaniswa kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo, nokungaqondwa kakuhle kwenkcazelo. Ukuqondwa kwezixhobo ze-media – kudla ngokubizwa ngokuba yincwadi ekwaziyo ukufunda nokubhala – sixhobo esinceda abantu bahlolisise ukuthembeka kwemithombo, ukuphawula ikhethe, nokwahlula phakathi kwezibakala neembono.

Ubuchule bokubhala obunenkcubeko bezixhobo zekhompyutha buquka:

  • Imithombo uvavanyo – Ukukhangela igama elihle kunye nemigangatho yomhleli wezikhuseli zosasazo nbheno zabadali bomxholo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ukuguqula ikhethe kunye nokulayishwa – ukuchaza ulwimi, umfanekiso, kunye nokhetho lwengxelo olubonisa indlela yokuqonda.
  • Uqinisekiso lwezibango – Usebenzisa icebo lokukhangela inyani kunye nerejista enqamlezayo imithombo eninzi ethembekileyo.
  • Ukuqonda i-algorithm -- Ukuqonda indlela iinkqubo zokuncomela nokuzondla okungokobuqu okungadala ngayo amagumbi eentloko negwebu lesihluzi.
  • Amaqhinga okusebenzisa unyango lokusebenzisa uphatho – Iquka izibheno ezingokweemvakalelo, iimposiso ezisengqiqweni, iinzulu, kunye nezixhobo zokudityaniselana.

I-News Literaccy Project igxininisa ukuba ukufunda nokubhala kumaziko eendaba akuthethi ukuba abafundi bamele bacinge ntoni; kungokubafundisa indlela yokucingela ngokungqongqo ngolwazi. Iqonga labo lokukhangela lisetyenziswe ngamawaka abafundisi-lwazi ukuqeqesha abafundi ekuhloleni iindaba nakweminye ijelo-ndaba. Ngaphezu koko, uphando olusuka kwiStanford History Education Groupluex lufumanise ukuba abafundi abaninzi bazama ukwahlula phakathi kokuqulundlo, amanqaku, kunye neembono, nto leyo egxininisa imfuneko engxamisekileyo yokufundisa ulwazi olusemdlanga.

Ukukhuthaza ukufundwa kwencwadi nolwazi oluphakathi: Indlela yokufikelela elungelelanisiweyo

Imfundo yoluntu nemfundo yamajelo eendaba zisoloko zifundiswa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Kodwa ke, ukulungiselela kakuhle ubumi boburhulumente bedemokhrasi kufuna ukudibana. Abafundi kufuneka bafunde ngexesha elinye indlela urhulumente asebenza ngayo nendlela yokuhlolisisa ngayo inkcazelo abayifumanayo ngemicimbi kawonke-wonke. Oku kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo kwixesha apho amaphulo ezobupolitika, iingxoxo zemigaqo-siseko, kunye nokuzibophelela kwezezezentlalo kuqhubeka kusenziwa kwi-intanethi.

Ukwenziwa Kwenkqubo Yenkulungwane yama - 21

Imimandla yesikolo namaziko emfundo karhulumente kufuneka alungelelanise imigangatho yesikolo ukuze ifikelele imilinganiselo edibanisa abantu nemfundo yamajelo eendaba.

  • Iizifundo zeGosa kufuneka ziquke iimodyuli kwindlela yokufumana nokuvavanya ulwazi olumalunga namagosa anyuliweyo, umthetho ocetyisiweyo, kunye nemithetho yenkundla.
  • Iiklasi zembali zingayihlalutya imposiso esuka kumaxesha awahlukeneyo ze ziyithelekise namaphulo okungacaci ulwazi angoku.
  • ubugcisa bolwimi lwesiNgesi bungafundisa uhlalutyo olungenamdla kusetyenziswa amanqaku eendaba akhoyo kunye neentetho zobupolitika.
  • Imixholo ye-EM [ ingahlola indima yemithetho-siseko, ugcino-lwazi, kunye neziseko zobugcisa ze-intanethi yamaqonga ukubumba intetho yesidlangalala.

Amazwe afana ne-Illinois, i-New Jersey, ne-Khalifoniya sele ephumeze umthetho ofaka uqeqesho lokufunda kwimithombo yezobugcisa kwizikolo zeK-12. Le mithetho inika ezinye imizekelo ezijonge ukomeleza uqeqesho lwawo lwezentlalo-ntle ne-media.

Imfundo esekelwe kwiprojekthi

Uqeqesho olusekelwe kwi-cocation yodwa alwanelanga ukwakha imikhwa ehlala ihleli.

  • amatyala e-Mock kunye neenkundla zetyala letyala - Abafundi bathatha iindima njengamagqwetha, abagwebi, kunye nabagwebi ukuqonda inkqubo yokugweba.
  • Inkqubo yeMifuziselo yeZizwe ezimanyeneyo okanye imfaniso yemithetho-siseko [ – abathathi-nxaxheba kwingxoxo yempikiswano kunye noxokelelwano.
  • Iindawo zoshicilelo ezilungiselelwe amaqela eendaba – Iiklasi zivelisa amaphephandaba esikolo, ii podcasts, okanye iingxelo zevidiyo ngexa zinamathela kwimilinganiselo yentatheli.
  • Iiprojekthi zesenzo somanyano [ - Abafundi baphanda imiba yasekuhlaleni, bacebisa izisombululo, kwaye bazise kumabhunga esixeko okanye kwiibhodi zesikolo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Imisebenzi yokhuselo lwe Digital [ - Abafundi baqhelisela ukufanisa ii-imeyili ze-pishing, ukuqinisekisa iinkcazelo zezentlalo ye-media, kunye nokusebenzisa uphengululo lomva wemifanekiso.

Ucelomngeni Lwemfundo Ephumelelayo Kwindawo Yokubhala Nakwiindaba

Nakubeni kukho isivumelwano esibanzi ngokubaluleka kobu buchule, imiqobo ebalulekileyo ithintela ukuphunyezwa komsebenzi. Ukuqonda le miqobo linyathelo lokuqala lokuzinqoba.

Uqeqesho Lwabafundisi Abangonelanga Nezibonelelo

Abaqeqeshi abaninzi bavakalelwa kukuba abakulungele ukufundisa ukufundwa kwezixhobo zeteknoloji okanye iziganeko zangoku. Ngokutsho kohlolisiso lwe- i-Round Corporation, ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha sabafundisi- ntsapho babika ukuba bafumene naluphi na uqeqesho olusemthethweni kwimfundo yolwazi lwamajelo eendaba. Ngaphezu koko, iincwadi zemfundo zidla ngokuphelelwa yimali ephambili kumazwe atshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye izikolo zisenokungafumani nkxaso yezinto ezihlaziweyo okanye izibhaptizo kwiqonga lokufunda.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezobupolitika Nemibandela Edidayo

Kwamanye amazwe abafundisi- ntsapho bajamelana nengcinezelo yokuphepha ingxubusho yemibandela ephikisanayo enjengeyonyulo, ingqibelelo yohlanga, okanye inkqubo yemozulu. Olu loyiko lungakhokelela ekuzilawuleni, ukunxitywa kwabafundi iingxoxo ezigxekayo ezakha ubuchule bokuqiqa. Imithetho karhulumente ethintela indlela imibandela ethile enokufundiswa ngayo ukuba lukhuni kwelizwe.

Ukuzala Kwenkcazelo Nenkcazelo Ephosakeleyo

Kwanabantu abanomdla banokuzama ukuva izinto eziku - Internet yonke imihla, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukwahlula izinto ezinokuthenjwa kwezilahlekisayo ngabom.

Izinto Eziza Kuqala Ezifanelekileyo

Kwizikolo ezininzi, ukufunda nokubhala kwezentlalo nezosasazo akuqwalaselwa kwiimvavanyo eziphezulu. Ngenxa yoko, abalawuli nootitshala bangayibeka kwindawo emiselwe ityala. Ngaphandle kocwangciso lovavanyo olunikezelweyo, obu buchule bubalulekileyo bungabekwa phantsi.

Ubuchule bokuphucula iCubic neDamaria Emfundo

Ukuze woyise olu celomngeni kufuneka kwenziwe imigudu elungelelanisiweyo kumgangatho ohlukahlukeneyo: ukususela kwiklasi encinane ukusa kwinkqubo karhulumente nakuluntu olumanyeneyo.

  • [[NTLA:0] Ingeniso kwinkqubela-phambili yezobugcisa[[FT:1] – Inika abafundisi- ntsapho ngokuqhubeka beqeqeshwa kulwazi olusemgangathweni, kwiziganeko zangoku ezithe zaphela, kunye nokuqukunjelwa kwentetho yengingqi. Iintlangano ezifana nePBS Learningmedia neProject yokubhala ngeposi zinikela ngesisa okanye ngexabiso eliphantsi.
  • yenza iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zengxoxo – bamisela izithethe zaseklasini ezikhuthaza ukungavisisani ngentlonelo kunye nengxoxo esekelwe kubungqina. Oothisha bangamisela indlela yokusebenzisa iimbono ezahlukileyo kwezabo.
  • Ubuchule boluntu nobezibonelelo kulwazi olungaphakathi kwemixholo -Kunokulubeka kwisemester enye, zilungise kuzo zonke izifundo. Umzekelo, iklasi yenzululwazi ingaxubusha indlela yokuvavanya iimfuno zempilo kwi-intanethi, ngeli lixa iklasi yezibalo iyakwazi ukuqwalasela uphando lwe-data kunye nokhuphiso-manani.
  • [[NTL:0] Ubugcisa bokwenza izinto ngobuchule – Sebenzisa imidlalo yokufundisa, iimfaniso, kunye neemodyuli ezisebenzisanayo ezifundisa iingcamango zoluntu nezolwazi ngamajelo eendaba. Iplatform enje yi-iCvics, esekelwe yiMongameli weNkundla ePhakamileyo uSandra Day O'Connor, enika imidlalo yezezentlalo esetyenziswa zizigidi zabafundi.
  • Ipartner kunye nemibutho yasekuhlaleni – iindawo zokukhupha iindaba zasekuhlaleni, amathala eencwadi kawonke-wonke, amaqela angenangeniso, kunye namasebe karhulumente anganika ubuchule, izithethi ezityeleleyo, kunye namathuba ehlabathi okufunda.

Indima Yabazali Namalungu Oluntu

Isikolo asinakukwazi ukuyithwala yodwa le mbopheleleko. Abazali nabanyamekela abantwana banendima ebalulekileyo ekukhuliseni imikhwa yabantu nokuthandabuza amajelo eendaba ekhaya.

  • [[FLT: 0] Inkqubo yoncedo lwesixhobo sobugcisa [[FLT: 1] - Xoxa nabantwana isizathu sokuba ukhethe imithombo ethile yeendaba nendlela oqinisekisa ngayo izinto ezithethwayo ngaphambi kokwabelana.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Jonga okanye funda iindaba kunye – Sebenzisa ixesha lentsapho ukuqwalasela amabali eendaba, ukuchonga ikhethe, nokuxubusha intsingiselo.
  • Intlanganiso zasekuhlaleni zikarhulumente – zizisa abantwana kwiintlanganiso zebhodi yesikolo, iintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, okanye iindlebe zikawonke-wonke ukubonisa indlela ezisenziwa ngayo izigqibo.
  • Ukuncedisa imibutho yolutsha enxulumene noluntu – inkxaso kwi-oyile yorhulumente wabafundi, iingxoxo, amabhunga enkonzo yoluntu, kunye namabhunga olutsha.
  • [[UMTL:0] fundisa ucoceko lwamanani[ - nceda abantwana baqonde izicwangciso zobumfihlo, ukuhlala kwezithuba kwi-intanethi, nendlela amanani abumba ngayo oko bakubonayo.

Kwakhona abantu banokusungula amabhunga okufunda nokubhala, imibhiyozo yemiboniso yamajelo eendaba, okanye iinkqubo zethala leencwadi ezinika abantu abadala neentsapho iiprojekthi.

Ufundo lwetyala: Iimodeli Ezinempumelelo Ziyasebenza

Illinois: Ilizwe Lokuqala Elifuna Ukufunda Nokubhala

Ngo-2021, i-Illinois yaba lizwana lokuqala lokugunyazisa imfundo yolwazi-mfundo yabafundi bonke besikolo samabanga aphakamileyo. Umthetho ufuna ukuba izikolo zikawonke-wonke ziquke uqeqesho oluphathelele ukuhlalutya oko kuqulethwe, ukuqonda indima ye-media yezentlalo, nokuqonda ukungachananga. Iingxelo zokuphunyezwa kwangaphambili zibonisa ukuba izikolo ziye zafumana iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ukususela kwiizifundo ezinikezelweyo zokudibanisa iimodyuli kwiiklasi ezikhoyo. Illinois Media Messical Literacylition inika inkqubela yobugcisa kunye nezikhokelo zemfundo.

Abantwana Abafundayo Abaqalayo EFinland

I-Finland ikwindawo ephezulu ekwilizwe eliphezulu ukuze ikwazi ukufunda nokuzibhokoxa nokuzinzisa iziphumo zolwazi. Indlela yeFinnish iqala kwimfundo yabantwana bangaphambili, ifundisa abantwana ukuba bahlolisise imifanekiso namabali ngokungqongqo. Ukufundisa iMedia ngumxholo okwizifundo ezinqamlezileyo, hayi umxholo owahlukileyo. INational Soundnaopoapoint Institute ilungelelanisa uqeqesho lomfundisi kwaye ivelise izinto kwiFinnish nase Sweden. Impumelelo yeFinland ibonisa ukuba imfundo karhulumente exhasayo, inkxaso karhulumente ingenza abemi abanokungakholelwa kakhulu kulwazi olubuxoki.

IMidlalo yeMibimbi yaMasipala

Isekelwe nguJaji O'Connor, i-ICOPICs inikeza imidlalo yemfundo yamahala efana neenkqubo zoluntu lokwenene. Umzekelo, Ingaba Ndinelungelo? Ndifundisa abafundi ngamalungelo omgaqo-siseko, lo gama [ uMyalelo woMsebenzi [ ubeka iindima zomongameli. Uphando lubonisa ukuba abafundi abadlala i-iCPICUns babonisa inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwizentengiso nakwimfuno enkulu kwimicimbi kawonke. Iplatifomu ifikelela kubafundi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-9 ngonyaka.

Imigudu Yomthetho Nenkqubo Yokomeleza Imfundo

Abenzi benkqubo kumgangatho karhulumente nowamaqumrhu karhulumente nowamazwe baqalisa ukukuqonda ungxamiseko lokuphucula ulwazi lwezentlalo nezobuzwe. Ngaphaya koko i-Illinois, i-Colorado, iConnecticut, iDelaware, neNew Mexico ivelise imithetho ekhuthaza imfundo yokufunda nokubhala ngamajelo eendaba. Umthetho weSizwe, kuquka noMthetho weMatematiki weSizwe ne-Media Literacy, uzama ukubonelela ukuphuhlisa nokuzalisekisa iinkqubo zobuxhakaxhakaxhakaxha obusekelwe kubungqina.

Kwangaxeshanye, uMthetho we-Cvips Democracy Ukhuselekile, ophinde wabekwa kwiKhomishini ngenkxaso ye-bipartisan, ucebisa ukuba kuvezwe imali eninzi kwimfundo yoluntu. Imali iya kunikezela ngemali yoqeqesho lomfundisi- ntsapho, inkqubela yokufundisa, kunye nezixhobo zokuhlola. Amaqela oonothwali-mthetho abafana neCvips Center neGeneral Citizen ayaqhubeka enyanzela ukuhlaziywa ukuze kuhlaziywe

Imbono Yomhlaba Wonke: Ukufunda kwiindlela Ezifikeleleka Ngamazwe

Asiyiyo iUnited States yodwa elwisana nocelomngeni lwemfundo yezentlalo neyonxibelelwano. Amazwe ehlabathini lonke aye avelisa iindlela ezintsha ezifanelekileyo zokufundisisa:

  • I-Sweden idibanise ukufunda eendaba kwizifundo zesizwe kwaye iqhube amaphulo okuphaphamisa uluntu ukulwa nolungahambiyo.
  • Canada iquka ukufunda ngamanani kunye noondaba-ndaba kwizifundo zelifa lephondo, kunye nemibutho enjenge MediaSmarts enika ubuncwane obuninzi.
  • I-Australia igunyazisa ukucingela ukugxeka amajelo-lwazi njengenxalenye yeenkqubo zawo zamaNgesi kunye nabantu, kunye neenkqubo ze-Australian Communications kunye ne-Media Gunyams Office mercial Office media typenig.
  • ````Iqela lemidlalo''' liphumeze ufundo lwesizwe lokufunda nokubhala kwijelo lolwazi lokuphendula amaphulo okususa ulwazi eTshayina, ukufundisa abafundi ukuqinisekisa imithombo nokuqonda iingcamango zobuxoki.

Le mizekelo ibonisa ukuba akukho ndlela ilungileyo, kodwa izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukuxhasa ngamandla kukarhulumente, uqeqesho lomfundisi- ntsapho, ukudibana kwezifundo ezisemva kwesikolo, nokugxininisa kubuchule obusebenzisekayo kunokuba kujoliswe kulwazi olungekho ngqiqweni.

Impembelelo Yexesha Elide Kwimpilo Yedemokhrasi

Ukwenza uphando lokufunda nokubhala nakumajelo eendaba kunika ingeniso engaphaya kweklasi. Uphando olusuka kwi- Inxulumani leNkcubeko yaseMelika lubonisa ukuba abafundi abafumana imfundo ephezulu yezentlalo basengozini yokuvota, babe nenxaxheba kwinkonzo yoluntu, balandele imicimbi kawonke-wonke njengabantu abadala. Kwakhona batyekele ekubonakaliseni ukunyamezelana okungakumbi kwezobupolitika nokuthembana nakumaziko edemokhrasi.

Ngokuchaseneyo, ukungabikho kwemfundo enjalo kufak' isandla ekungakhathalelini kovoti, ukuchasa ulwazi, nokungavumelani kwezobupolitika. Kwimeko apho iingcamango zozungu zifumana igalelo kunye nokukholelwa kunyulo, ixabiso lokutyeshelwa liphezulu. Abantu abangenazo izixhobo zokuhlola ulwazi abanako ukuzilawula ngokunempumelelo.

Ayinakuphumelela ukuba abo bachaza ukhetho lwabo bakulungele ukukhetha ngobulumko. Ukhuseleko lokwenene lwedemokhrasi, ngoko ke, yimfundo.” – Franklin D. Roosevelt

Ukuze kulondolozwe izizukulwana ezizayo, abafundisi-lwazi, abalathisi bemigaqo-nkqubo, abazali, kunye neenkokeli zoluntu kufuneka bajonge ukufunda ngezasekuhlaleni nakumajelo eendaba njengamalungelo asisiseko. Oku kuthetha ukubeka izinto ezaneleyo, ukuxhasa abafundisi- ntsapho nokuyila imigangatho yeli thuba elihlangabezana neemfuno zemeko-lwazi yenkulungwane yama-21.

Isiphelo

Ukunika abemi amandla ngokufundisa abantu ukufunda nokubhala nangenkqubo yosasazo akuseyomfuneko; kuyimfuneko ukuze kuhlale kukho ulawulo lwedemokhrasi. Ngokuxhobisa abantu ngolwazi ukuze baqonde indlela urhulumente wabo asebenza ngayo kunye nobuchule bokujonga ngenyameko inkcazelo abayifumanayo, singakhuthaza isizukulwana esinenxaxheba ngobuchule, ngentlonelo, kwaye ngokuphumelelayo kubomi babantu bonke. Umsebenzi ongaphambili uyinto eninzi, kodwa izixhobo nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo iya kusebenza. Oko kuseza kubanceda basebenzise ngomlinganiselo olingana nongxamisekileyo womzuzu.