Imali eninzi ingeniso yerhafu yenye yezona ngcamango zinegalelo kakhulu kwimali yobuqu kunye notyalo-mali. Ichaphazela ngqo ukubuyiselwa komnatha ofunyenweyo kwimpahla enjengemakethe, amaqhina, imali yokuxhasana, umhlaba, kwanendawo efihlakeleyo. Ngoxa irhafu ngokwayo ilula kumgaqo-nkqubo . "a le levy" kwinzuzo yokuthengisa izinto zemali `imithetho elawula indlela ebhaliswe ngayo, exeliweyo, exeliweyo, kwaye encitshisiweyo. Ukuqonda oku kungakusindisa amawaka e-R34,000 kubomi bakho bonke kwaye kukunceda wenze izigqibo zorhwebo ezihamba phambili ezihambelana neenjongo zakho zemali.

Yintoni Efunyanwa Yikomkhulu?

Imali yerhafu ehlawulwa kwingeniso efunyanwa xa uthengisa okanye ulahla imali yemali yekomkhulu. Ingeniso, eyaziwa njengenzuzo yekomkhulu, ngumahluko phakathi kwexabiso lemali ethengiselwayo kunye nexabiso layo lokuthenga (okanye "isiseko semali"). Iimali zekomkhulu ziquka yonke into esukela kungeniso olufana nentengo kunye nemali yobuqu efana nobugcisa, izinto zokwemathengiselwano, izinto zokuhombisa, kunye nendawo yenene. Isitshixo sikukuba irhafu yerhafu isebenza kuphela kwinzuzo, hayi kwingeniso epheleleyo ethengisweni.

Ngokungafaniyo nerhafu yengeniso eqhelekileyo, ebhekisele kwimivuzo, imivuzo, nengeniso yeshishini, irhafu yexabiso lerhafu isoloko ithandwa kakhulu qha, ingakumbi kwizinto ezigcinwe ngaphezu konyaka omnye. Le ndlela yokuphatha icetyelwe ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwemali eninzi kunye nokwanda kwezoqoqosho. Kodwa ke, imithetho yahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwixesha othenge ngalo ngaphambi kokuba uyithengise kunye nomgangatho wengeniso ohlawulelwa irhafu.

Iintlobo Zekomkhulu Ezifumana Imali

Ikhowudi yerhafu yahlula ingeniso yemali ibe ziindidi ezimbini ezingundoqo ezisekelwe kwixesha lokubamba.

Ikomkhulu lexeshana elifutshane

Ingeniso yemali yexeshana elifutshane zingeniso zemali oyifumeneyo ngonyaka okanye ngaphantsi. Le ngeniso ihlawulwa njengengeniso eqhelekileyo, intsingiselo idityanisiwe kwingeniso yakho kwaye irhafu ngokwesibiyeli serhafu esisemacaleni owehlela kuyo. Ngowama-2025, irhafu yerhafu eqhelekileyo efumaneka kwimali-mali encinane ekwimali yombhiyozo esukela kwi 10% ukuya ku-3%. Umzekelo, ukuba ukwisibiyeli serhafu esingu 24% kwaye uthengisa ishenxiso lwemali eninzi ehlawulwayo emva kokuba uyibambe iinyanga ezintandathu kuphela, uza kuhlawulwa yimali e-R3,50 000 ngerhafu yowiso yomthetho womtshato. Qaphela ukuba ingeniso emfutshane yexesha elifutshane nayo ixhomekeke kwi-Net Invectoration Inficio Infation Infation Infection (NIT) ye-3,8,% ukuba uthelekisa imali epheleleyo yemiqobo ye-$20,20,20,000,000 ye-R2,000 ye-R450 000 ye-yodwa ye-yonfs ye-yo

Ikomkhulu lexesha elide

Imali efunyenweyo yexesha elide isebenza kwingeniso egcinwe ngaphezu konyaka omnye. Le ngeniso ifanelekela ingeniso yerhafu ekhethekayo, esezantsi kakhulu kunengeniso eqhelekileyo. Kuninzi lwabaqeshwa berhafu, ingeniso yemali eninzi yexesha elide yerhafu ngu 0%, 15%, okanye 20%, kuxhomekeke kwingeniso ehlawulwayo. Ngo-2025, i-0%, i-0% isebenza kwiifayile ezinokuhlawulwa ngokwemali-mali ezifanelekileyo ukuya kuma-$4,025,5025, kunye neentloko zendlu ezidityatyaniswe kunye ukuya kuma-R3,000. Ipesenti yemali e-15% isebenza kwingeniso engaphaya kwemiqobo efikelela kwi-R1,5,90,20,50,000 kwingeniso ephezulu yemibandla lemali ekhoyo.

Indlela Inkcitho Efumaneka Ngayo

Ukuqokelela inzuzo yekomkhulu okanye ukulahlekelwa kucetyiswa ngokulula, kodwa uMtyholi unezibakala. Indlela esisiseko yile: Ukuthengisa iChebelo lokuthabatha Isiseko Somcimbi silingana neCastmal Gain (okanye iLahle). Noko ke, indleko ayisoloko ilixabiso lokuqala lokuthenga. Ingalungelelaniswa ngenxa yokwahlulwa kwamasheya, ingeniso yokubuyiselwa kwakhona, inkqubela-phambili kwindawo yenene, nezinye izinto. Umzekelo, ukuba uthengethenge isakhiwo esiqeshiweyo sohlalo lwemali elingana ne-R1200,000 kwaye kamva uchithe ii-R30,000 kuphahla olutsha, ixabiso lakho elitshintshiweyo linokuba ngu-R1000. Ukuthengisa ipropati nge R4 000 000.

Umthetho wokuhlamba ishefu ngomnye umbandela obalulekileyo kubatyali-mali abathengisa amatyala ngelahleko baze emva koko bahlawulele amatyala afanayo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi okanye emva kokuthengiswa. Kuloo mboniso, ilahleko ayivumelekanga ukwenzela iinjongo zerhafu, inokuba nyusela ityala lerhafu yakho. Ukuqonda olu tshintsho kunye nemithetho kubalulekile ekunikeni ingxelo echanekileyo.

Ukubala Ikomkhulu Kuzuza Inyathelo Ngenyathelo

Ukubala inzuzo yekomkhulu lakho ngokuchanileyo, landela la manyathelo:

  • [[UMTL: 0] ulinganise i-asethi [ owayithengisayo. Qaphela umhla wokufumana nomhla wokuthengisa ukugqiba unyango lwexesha elifutshane okanye elide.
  • Ukugcina isiseko sakho samaxabiso. Kutyalo-mali, eli lelonaxabiso lokuthenga kunye nayiphi na ikhomishini okanye iindleko ezihlawulwayo. Kwindawo yogcino, kuquka iindleko zokuvala, inkqubela-phambili yekomkhulu, nokungaphinde kuphinde kusetyenziswe ukuqesha kwexabiso ngenxa yemisebenzi yokuqesha.
  • [[FLT: 0] Ilungisa kwiziganeko ezithile. Izitokhwe, ulungelelaniso lokwahlulwa kwezitokhwe, ukujikeleza, kunye nenzuzo eshiyekileyo ezandisa isiseko sakho. Abanikazi bemali kufuneka banikele ngetyala lenzuzo yemali efunyenweyo kwikomkhulu ebuyiselwa ngokuzenzekela.
  • Phendla umnatha ophuma kurhwebo. Eli lixabiso lokuthengisa nayiphina irhafu, iikhomishini, okanye iindleko zokuthengisa (umz., iikhomishini zokwabelana ngezindlu).
  • [[FLT: 0] Iquka isiseko esilungisiweyo ukusuka kumnatha ophumayo. Isiphumo esilungileyo yinzuzo yokomkhulu; isiphumo esingalunganga silahleko enkulu.

Ngokomzekelo: Uthenge izahlulo ezili-100 ze-stock kwi-R250 ngesabelo ngasinye ngemali epheleleyo ye-$5 000. Uhlawule ikhomishini yama-$10,010. Isiseko sakho yi-R3,50. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uthengisa zonke izabelo ngolwahlulo lwe-$75 (R1,50,50) ngesabelo ngasinye, ufaka umnatha (iii-$10,500) emva kwekomfa yothengiso. Ingeniso yakho enkulu yi $$,010 = $,490, eliyinzuzo yexesha elide.

Izikhuseli kunye nezinyusi

Amalungiselelo aliqela anokunciphisa okanye aphelise ikomkhulu lakho elifumene ityala lerhafu:

Isiphelo Esiphambili

Phantsi kweCandelo 121 leNguquko, ukuba unobuncutshe kwaye uhlala kwikhaya lakho ubuncinane iminyaka emibini kwemihlanu ngaphambi kokuthengiswa, ungakhupha ii-R350 000 zemali efunyenwe kwimali eninzi (R350 000) kwirhafu edityaniswe izibini ezitshatileyo. Oku kulahlwa kungasetyenziswa kanye kwiminyaka emibini. Umzekelo, ukuba awutshatanga kwaye uthengisa ikhaya lakho ngengeniso engaphezulu ye-R350 000, kuphela i-R350 000 iyah3 (iii-R350 000) ukuba ufikelela kwiimfuno zobundlo.

Ilahleko yekomkhulu

Ukulahlekelwa kwekomkhulu kungasetyenziswa ukunyusa ingeniso yemali eninzi. Ukuba ilahleko yakho idlula ingeniso yakho, ungahlisa ukuya kutsho kwi $3,000 (R3 500 (R1,000 ukuba uthe watshata ngokwahlukeneyo) ilahleko yerhafu yerhafu enxulumene nengeniso eqhelekileyo nyaka ngamnye. Nayiphi na ilahleko eseleyo ingathwalwa phambili ngokungenasiphelo ukutshintsha impumelelo yexesha elizayo. Eli cebo, elidla ngokuba libizwa ngokuba kukukhutshwa kwerhafu, lixhaphakile phakathi kwabarhwebi abakhutheleyo ukunciphisa umthwalo wabo werhafu.

Ezinye izihlangulo

I-stock esithile esincinane soshishino esibanjwe ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu (isitokhwe esincinane seshishini esinexabiso elifanelekileyo phantsi kwecandelo 1202) singafanelekela ukususwa ukuya kwikhulu elinamakhulu alithoba lengeniso, ukuya kutsho kubuninzi obuphinda-phinda i-10 lezigidi okanye ishumi lesiseko solungiso.

Ikomkhulu lifumana irhafu kwinkcukacha

Itafile engezantsi ishwankathe ingeniso yerhafu yemali yexesha elide engama-2025 ngokweemeko ze-screens ezahlukeneyo. Ingeniso yexesha elifutshane irhafu kwixabiso lengeniso eqhelekileyo, engaboniswanga apha kodwa isuka kwi-10% ukuya kuma-37%.

  • Umlinganiselo: Abalawuli abangabodwa abanomvuzo ohlawulwayo oya kufikelela ku-47,025; ifayile edityanisiweyo idityaniswe kunye ukuya ku $94,050; intloko yekhaya ukuya kutsho kuma $63,000.
  • Isantya se-15%: Abalawuli abangabodwa abahlawulwayo ngerhafu phakathi ko-$7,218 ne $518,900; batshatile ngokudityanisiweyo phakathi kwe $94,051 ne $53,50; intloko yendlu phakathi kwe $63,001 ne $605 200.
  • 20% Isantya:[ Abalawuli abangabodwa abanengeniso ehlawulwayo ngaphezulu ko $518,90; ifashoni yefatyi edityanisiweyo ingaphezulu ko $583,50; intloko yendlu ngaphezulu ko $605 200.

Dibanisa i-3.8% Infige Infige Inve Inve Inves Tax (NIIT) yabahlawuleli berhafu abalungisiweyo abane-AGI engaphezu kwama-200,000 (R350 000) edityaniswe ngamalungu ee-A.

Imikhosi Yokunciphisa Ikomkhulu Ifumana Irhafu

Ukulungiselela kungayinciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ingeniso yemali ehlawulwayo. Qwalasela la maqhinga:

Bamba iintlawulo Nde

Ukubamba iimpahla ngaphezu konyaka omnye kusuka kwixesha elifutshane ukuya kuhlobo olude, ukunciphisa umyinge werhafu ngesantya esiphezulu. Kumntu kwizibiyeli zengeniso ezingama-24% eziqhelekileyo, irhafu kwingeniso engu-R9 000 iyehla ukusuka kwii-$2,400 (ixesha elifutshane) ukuya kwi-$1,500 (ixesha eli-1,1,500), igcina ii-$900.

Ukuvuna Irhafu

Ukuthengisa izinto ezingekho phantsi ukuze uqonde ukulahlekelwa yinzuzo esebenzayo bubuchule obunamandla. Ungazuza isibini silahlekelwa yinzuzo ehlawulwayo. Khumbula umthetho wokuhlamba, ovumela ukulahlekelwa ukuba uhlawulele into enye okanye ukhuseleko olufana kakhulu ngeentsuku ezingama-30.

I-Akhawunti yerhafu

Ii-akhawunti zomhlala-phantsi ezifanelekileyo ezifana nee-IRAs kunye nama-401(k) avumela utyalo-mali ukuba lunyuse irhafu ehlawulwayo; ingeniso yamakomkhulu ayihlawulwa de urhoxe kwimali, kwaye ngokwexabiso lengeniso eqhelekileyo. Roth IRAs kunye neRth 401(k) zinikela ulwando lwerhafu olukhululekileyo kunye nokurhoxa okungahlawulelwanga irhafu, ukuphelisa ingeniso yerhafu ngokupheleleyo kwingeniso engaphakathi kwe-akhawunti. Ngokufanayo, izicwangciso zenkcitho yemfundo zivumela ukukhutshwa kwerhafu nexabiso elifanelekileyo lemfundo.

Njengo-Kindis Exchange (Utshintsho 1031)

Abanikazi bezindlu banganciphisa irhafu ngokusebenzisa ingeniso efunyenwe kuthengiso ukuthenga impahla efana neyomntu ofanelekayo ngommeli. Le ngeniso ihlengahlengiselwa ngokungenasiphelo de impahla ithengiswe ngaphandle kokutshintshwa. Le yinqwelo enamandla yokwakha ubutyebi bempahla ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Zinikeleni Iinzuzo Ezixatyisiweyo Ekunyamekeleni Abanye

Ukuba unikela ngemali exabisekileyo kwimali-mhlaba elungele ukunikelwa ngokungqalileyo kwisebe elixhasa abasweleyo, ungalikhupha ixabiso elipheleleyo lentengiso njengeminikelo yoncedo (ngokulawulwa yimida ye-AGI) kwaye uphephe ukuhlawula irhafu yemali efunyenweyo ngenxa yoxabiso. Oku kudla ngokuba yimali eninzi kunerhafu kunokuthengisa le mpahla nokunikela ngemali.

Amathuba ommandla

Ukuveliswa kwemali eninzi kungenelela kwiNgxowa-mali Yoncedo Olufanelekileyo kukuvumela ukuba uhlehlise iirhafu ngenxa yenzuzo yokuqala, kwanokuba unciphise irhafu ebangela uxabiso lotyalo-mali olutsha ukuba lugcinwe ubuncinane iminyaka elishumi. Olu cwangciso lunemithetho ekhethekileyo nexesha elimisiweyo.

Lawula Ixesha Ozinika Lokwenza Ingeniso

Ukuba usondele kumda wengeniso yekomkhulu eliphezulu, ungafuna ukuyeka ukufumanisa impumelelo de kube unyaka xa ingeniso yakho isezantsi (umzekelo, emva komhlala-phantsi. Ngokunjalo, ukunyusa intlawulo kunyaka wokufumana irhafu ephezulu kunganciphisa ingeniso yakho ehlawulwayo kwaye ugcine ingeniso kwi-0% yezibiyeli.

Ikomkhulu Lokurhwexa Lifumana Irhafu

Ukuxela ingeniso yekomkhulu kunye nokulahlekelwa kufuna i-IRS Ifomu 8949 (Iziko kunye nezinye Iindleko zeCapital Assets) kunye neShedyuli D (Ingeniso neLahleko). NgoMsebenzi 8949, udwelisa intengiselwano nganye nganye, uquka inkcazelo yexabiso, umhla ofunyenweyo, umhla, ixabiso lentengiso, isiseko sentengiso, kunye neziphumo zokulahlekelwa. Intengiselwano yexeshana yemali ixelwa ngokwahlukileyo kweyo kweyobude bexesha. Isimbuku-949 ithengiselwa kwiShedyuli-9, ebala ingeniso yomnatha okanye ilahleko. Ekugqibeleni, ixabiso lomnatha lingenisiwe kwi-Fom ye-1040, 7 (kusenzeka iintlobo ezingama-2024).

Amafemu ebroker ayafuneka anikele ingxelo ngexabiso lesiseko solwazi kuni kunye ne-IRS ukwenzela inkoliso yamashishini, imali edityanisiweyo, kunye nemali etshintshiselweyo (ETF) ethengwe emva kwemihla ethile ekhethekileyo. Kwimiqathango egqunyiweyo, uza kufumana iFrime 1099-B yokushwankathela intengiso yakho. Qiniseka ukuba ujonga kabini amanani esiseko, ingakumbi ukuba wenza uhlengahlengiso lwempahla eyohluliweyo okanye ingeniso engabanjwanga yi-screrage.

Ikomkhulu lomgangatho karhulumente lifumana irhafu eqwalaselwayo

Ilizwe lakho lingafumana ingeniso yerhafu. Amazwana amaninzi aphatha ingeniso yamakomkhulu njengengeniso eqhelekileyo, ewahlawula ngexabiso elinye njengemivuzo. Amazwe angenayo irhafu yengeniso Florida, Texas, Nevada, neWashington . "Ayikho ingeniso yerhafu kumgangatho karhulumente wakho. Amanye amazwe, njengeKhalifoniya, New York, kunye ne-Oregon, ingeniso yamakomkhulu erhafu ngexabiso eliphezulu elisezantsi. Amazwe ambalwa anika unyango olukhethekileyo, olunjengomlinganiselo ophantsi wengeniso yexesha elide okanye ityala elincinane. Ngamaxesha onke jongana nelo gunya lerhafuthelo kurhulumente wakho okanye ugqirha olwazi lwerhafuthe ukuyiqonda indlela irhafuthe yakho yokubuya.

Isiphelo

Imali efunyenweyo yerhafu inamandla kwimali-mali yobuqu, kodwa akuyomfuneko ukuba ibe yimfihlelo. Ngokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwexesha elifutshane kunye nempumelelo yexesha elide, ukwazi ukubala isiseko sakho, nokusebenzisa iindlela ezichuliweyo ezinjengokubamba ungeniso olude, ukuvuna ilahleko, nokusebenzisa ii-akhawunti zerhafu eziluncedo, uyakwazi ukugcina okuninzi koko ukukufumanayo. Imithetho yerhafu ikunika amathuba amaninzi okunciphisa umthwalo wakho ukuba uceba kusengaphambili. / Ingakumbi abo babandakanya umhlaba wokwenene, ukuthengisa, okanye intengiso olukhulu lwemali-ogxabhatal-mali, okanye ukusebenzisa i-software eluncedo esemthethweni incosanconywa ngamandla. Uyazi ngakumbi ngendlela irhafu yemali esebenza ngayo, ukuxhotyiswa okungcono uza kukulondoloza nokugcina ubutyebi bakho kude.

Ukufunda okubhekele phaya, jonga i ikomkhulu le-IRS Izuza kunye nelahleko yesihloko sesihloko , phinda uphinde ujonge [[FLT:]] Intetho ye-inveedia yengeniso yekomkhulu yerhafu, kwaye khangela [[FLT:] ingeniso yekomkhulu lifumana umkhondo werhafu yexabiso [ yemiboniso kunye netshati.