Amaxhoba okuthuthwa kwabantu ajongene nocelomngeni olunzulu xa efuna ukhuseleko nobulungisa eUnited Kingdom. Ubuhlungu bokuxhatshazwa bubangelwa kukuhamba kwinkqubo yokufuduka engaqhelekanga. Ukuqonda iinkqubo zokufuduka kwe-UK ezenzelwe ukukhusela abasindi abarhwebi kuyimfuneko .

Ukukhusela Amaxhoba Okuthanjiswa Ngabantu Ngokusemthethweni

I-UK ivelise ulwakhiwo olusemthethweni oluqinileyo lokufanisa, ukukhusela, nokuxhasa amaxhoba okurhwetywa kwabantu, amiswe nguMthetho we-Modeln Ubukhoboka 2015. Lo mthetho wesibonelelo uhlanganisa iziganeko ezinxulumene nokurhwebelana nobukhoboka, umisela isigwebo esinamandla kubagqeba, kwaye umisela imisebenzi yomthetho karhulumente yokunqanda ubukhoboka bale mihla. Ukwayila iofisi ye-Independent Anti - Srixry Commishinery, olawula i-UK intralathiso kurhwebo nobukhoboka.

Phantsi koMthetho wobukhoboka waMaxesha Anamhlanje, nawuphi na umntu olungiselela okanye osebenzisa uhambo lomnye umntu ngenjongo yokuwaxhaphaza (kuquka ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, ukunyanzelwa, ubukhoboka basekhaya, okanye ukususwa kwamalungu) wenza isaphuli-mthetho esingekho mthethweni. Lo mThetho ukwakhusela amaxhoba ngokuqinisekisa ukuba awanyanzelelwanga isigwebo sokwenziwa kwawo ngoxa ephantsi kolawulo lwabathengisi +] umgaqo osoloko ubhekiswa kuwo njengelungiselelo “lokungakhuphiki myalelo.

Ukongeza, i-UK iSisayina se- iNgqungquthela yeNkqutyana yeYurophu ekwiNdlela yokuTshabalalisa Iimeko Zomntu kunye ne i-EU echasene-Trafficking Directive[ (eqhubeka iphembelela inkqubo ye-UK post-Brit). Ezi zixhobo zamazwe ngamazwe ngamazwe zifuna amalungu achaza iindlela zokuchaza ixhoba, zinika ulungiso kunye nexesha lokubonisa, kwaye zivuselela imvume yokuhlala kumaxhoba asebenzisana namagunya okanye ajongenemeko yokuchana.

I-National Referral Mechanism (NRM) yinkqubo engundoqo yecandelo le-UK yokwazi nokuxhasa amaxhoba. I-NRM yinkqubo ehamba-hambayo ejongelwa i-ofisi yeKhaya kwaye ibandakanya ukuqeqeshwa “kumagunya obuchule” ekunyanzelweni komthetho, ukunyanzeliswa kwabantu abafudukayo, kunye ne-UK Visas kunye ne-Immigration (UKVI). Inkqubo ye-NRM inzima kumaxhoba afuna ukukhuselwa ngenxa yokuba ukhuselwano olusemthethweni njengomxhasi wokurhwebela uvula ucango olululuhlu lwamalungelo osemthethweni kunye neenkonzo zokuxhasa.

INkqubo yeReferral neNkxaso: I-Referral Mechanism (NRM)

Indlela Owenziwa Ngayo Umphumo

Nayiphi na imibutho okanye umntu odibana nexhoba lokurhwebelana lingenza isikhombo kwi-NRM. Amaqumrhu aqhele ukuquka amapolisa, iinkonzo zentlalo, iNkonzo yeSizwe yezeMpilo (NHS), amagunya ongingqi, kunye nemibutho (NGO) engeyoyarhulumente ekhethekileyo kwinkxaso yokurhwebelana. I-arhente ibekwa ngokwemo esesikweni, echaza iinkcukacha zomntu orhanelwayo, iimeko zokuxhatshazwa, nabuphi na ubungqina bokurhwebela.

Abaphendula kuqala — njengamapolisa okanye i-NGO-aphosethi efunekayo ukubhekisela kumntu ukuba unezizathu ezivakalayo zokukholelwa ukuba umntu ulixhoba lokurhwetywa.

  1. Isigqibo esinokufezekiswa - Igunya elifanelekileyo limisela ukuba kukho “izizathu ezisengqiqweni” zokukholelwa ukuba umntu ulixhoba lokurhwebelana okanye ubukhoboka. Olu luvavanyo oluphantsi kwaye lufanele lwenziwe kwintsuku ezintlanu zokusebenza kwe-aretal. Ukuba isigqibo silungile, ixhoba lithathwa njengexhoba kwaye lingena kunyaka wokufumana “ukurhweba nokubonakalisa”.
  2. Isigqibo esiquka izikhundla ezipheleleyo - Emva kohlolo oluneenkcukacha", oluquka udliwano-ndlebe, ubungqina, kunye nokuxhasa ingxelo yexhoba, likhupha isigqibo esipheleleyo. Lo ngumgangatho ophezulu: “kulungelelaniso lwamathemba," umntu uzimisele ukuba lixhoba lokurhwebiswa okanye ubukhoboka. Isigqibo kufuneka sibekwe iintsuku ezingama-45 zokusebenza kwesigqibo esifanelekileyo sezizathu ezifanelekileyo.

Inkxaso ngexesha lenkqubo ye-NRM

Xa kusenziwa isigqibo esifanelekileyo sezizathu ezifanelekileyo, ixhoba linelungelo lokuxhaswa ngoko nangoko. Oku kuquka indawo ekhuselekileyo (ngokufuthi kwizindlu ezikhuselekileyo), uncedo lwemali, unyango (kokubini okungokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni), uguqulelo kunye noncedo olusemthethweni lwenkqubo ye-NRM ngokwayo. Inkxaso ngexesha lokuchachacha nokubonakalisa (ngeentsuku ezingama-45, nangona kunwenwa) yenzelwe ukuvumela amaxhoba ukuba ahlasele, afumane inkathalo yolwazi olulungelelaniso, aze enze izigqibo ezingokolwazi ngenyathelo lawo elilandelayo", kuquka nokuba asebenzisane na nophando lolwaphulo-mthetho.

Ukuba isigqibo esiqinisekileyo siqinisekile, ixhoba liyaqhubeka lifumana inkxaso ubuncinane iintsuku ezingama-90 ezingakumbi. Emva koko, inkxaso isenokuqhubeka ixhomekeke kwiimfuno eziqhubekayo zexhoba nakubume balo obufudukayo. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba inkxaso enikezelweyo ayinxulunyaniswanga ngqo nesicelo sexhoba sokufuduka; noko ke, isigqibo esifanelekileyo sokwamkelwa komqathango sokomeleza ngokuphawulekayo nakuphi na ukubhengezwa kwelo lafikayo.

Ukusebenzisa Uncedo loMfuduko

Kumaxhoba okurhwetywa kwabantu abangengobemi baseBritani okanye abasele bezinzile e-UK, ukumisela ukufuduka okusemthethweni kusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuze ahlale ekhuselekile, esebenza, yaye akhe kwakhona ubomi bawo. IUK inika iindlela eziliqela ezixolelene nabasindi abathengisayo.

Amaxhoba Anokukhotyokiswa UVisa (VHV) – Ngoku Axhatshazwa Kubukhoboka Bale Mihla

Le ndlela yahlaziywa njengeVisena ebizwa ngokuba yiVisa ekwindawo ebanzi, yaphinda yabizwa ngokuba yi- Modern Slaved Adversicany Visa (MSV) phantsi kwenkqubo yokufuduka ye-UK esemva kwe-Brreexit. I-vsa yenzelwe abaxhasi abarhwebi abangalufaneleki olunye uhlobo lokufuduka kodwa abafuna ukhuseleko nemvume yokuhlala kwi-UK. Imisebenzi engundoqo iquka:

  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukungabi nakuthintelwa, Umfaki-sicelo kufuneka abe nesigqibo esiqinisekileyo sezizathu ezipheleleyo kwi-NRM. Kufuneka babonise ukuba bafuna ukhuseleko oluqhubekayo okanye uncedo ukuze bafumane kwakhona kumava abo okurhwebelana.
  • Ithuba lokwenzeka: Ivisa inikwa iinyanga ezili-12 ekuqaleni, nethuba lokwandiswa okanye lokuhlaliswa emva kwexesha elide.
  • Imfuno: Imvume ivumela umgcini-mpahla ukuba aphile, asebenze, afundisise, afumane imali kawonke-wonke (ephantsi kwemithetho efanayo nezinye izibambi ze vhisa zokwexeshana).
  • Ukulungelelaniswa noMthetho onyanzelisayo: Ngelixesha kungeyomfuneko ecacileyo ye-MSV vrag, intsebenziswano namapolisa okanye amagunya okuphendula angaqinisa isicelo. I-Ofisi yasekhaya iyahlula phakathi kwamaxhoba ancedisayo ekuphengululeni kunye nabo bangancediyo, kodwa ukuchanabeka kuko kuphela kunokukuthethelela ukunikwa kwe-vsavs.

Umntu Orhwebelayo UVisa – Indlela Ehamba Ngengqiqo

Kwezinye iimeko, amaxhoba okurhwebelana ajongene neemeko ezingaqhelekanga . njengeziqhubekekayo iingozi kubathengisi, iimeko zempilo engokwasemzimbeni okanye zengqondo ezinxulumene nokuxhatshazwa kwabo, okanye ukungakwazi ukufikelela kukhuseleko kwilizwe labo eliyimvelaphi .

  • Izicelo: Umfaki-sicelo kufuneka anikeze ubungqina obuneenkcukacha ngamava abo okurhweba, ukuchanabeka kwabo okuqhubekayo, nesizathu sokuba bangakwazi ukubuyela ngokukhuselekileyo kwilizwe labo elisekhaya. Isigqibo esiqinisekileyo sogqibelo siseyiselisa kodwa asingomqathango ongqongqo.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ithuba lokwenzeka: Ikhefu lobulumko linganikwa iinyanga ezingama-30 (iminyaka engamakhulu amabini anesihlanu) kwaye linokonyuswa. Emva kweminyaka eli-10 yekhefu eliqhubekekayo, ukuhlaliswa kweendawo (Ikhefu Elingapheliyo lokuhlala) kungaqwalaselwa.
  • Imithetho esuka kwiMSV: Indlela ecacileyo yokushiya iqwalaselwa kwimeko-ziseko kwaye isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kumaxhoba angafikeleliyo kwimigaqo echanileyo yeSlaved Slaves Prase Visa kodwa afuna ikhuselwa. Kwakhona ifuna ubungqina bokuba ixhoba liza kujamelana nomngcipheko wokwenene wentshutshiso okanye umonakalo onzulu xa libuya.

Indlela yokusebenza yokukhulula

Ngoxa indlela nganye yevisa ineemfuneko zayo ezikhethekileyo, iOfisi Yasekhaya ichaza imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwayo nayiphi na inkqubo yokufuduka esekelwe ekurhwetyweni kwabantu:

  • Imeko yexhoba elixhotyisiweyo: Yisigqibo esiqinisekileyo esipheleleyo kwi NRM esiluhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lobungqina. Okanye, isigqibo esifanelekileyo esifanelekileyo singaxhasa isicelo ngexa isigqibo esigqibekileyo sisesasele.
  • Ukusebenzisana noMthetho onyanzelisayo: Abancedisi okanye abakulungeleyo ukunceda amapolisa ekuphengululeni okanye ekumangaleleni abathengisi baza kujongwa ngokulungileyo. Noko ke, amaxhoba angasebenzisani ngenxa yoloyiko, uphazamiso, okanye imiqobo esebenzayo akufunekanga agwetywe.
  • [[UMTL:0] I-Need yoKhuselo neNkxaso: Umfaki-sicelo kufuneka abonise ukuba kufuneka aqhubeke ehlala kwi-UK ukuze afumaneke, afumane inkathalo efanelekileyo, okanye aphephe ukuphinda afumaneke. Oku kungaquka iingxelo zezamayeza, iingqiniso zengqondo, okanye iingxelo ezivela kubasebenzi abaxhasayo.
  • Akukho nanye elungele ukusetyenziswa: Xa kunokwenzeka, i-Ofisi yeKhaya iza kuqwalasela ukuba ixhoba lingabuyela ngokukhuselekileyo kwilizwe lalo lemvelaphi nenkxaso apho. Ukuba akunjalo, i-UK izakunika ikhefu ukuba lihlale.

Ucelomngeni Nolwazelelelo Kwinkqubo Yokufuduka

Nangona kukhuselwe ngokusemthethweni, amaxhoba okurhwetywa kwabantu ajongene nemiqobo ebalulekileyo xa ehamba kwinkqubo yokufuduka ye-UK. Ukuva ngolu celomngeni kubalulekile kuye nabani na oxhasa isindileyo.

Ukoyika Nokungathembani Kwabasemagunyeni

Amaxhoba amaninzi aye asongelwa, anyanzelwa, athelelwa ukuba amapolisa arhwaphilizile, aya kugxothwa, okanye aya kugwetywa ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa phantsi kolawulo olubiweyo (njengokusebenzisa amaxwebhu obuxoki okanye ukusebenza ngokungekho mthethweni). Ukwakha intembelo kuthatha ixesha, kwaye amaxhoba asenokufuna iintlanganiso ezininzi nomxhasi othembekileyo ngaphambi kokuba akulungele ukuchaza lonke ibali lawo.

Iingxaki Zolwimi Nenkcubeko

Amaxhoba avela kumazwe angengolwimi lwesiNgesi asoloko ezama ukuqonda inkqubo yokufuduka nokucacisa amava awo ngendlela eyanelisa abenzi besigqibo se-UK. Abatoliki abanobuchule abanolwazi lwengozi nabazimeleyo kwingingqi yexhoba babalulekile. Ukungalawuleki kwenkcubeko.

Ubunzima Obungokomthetho Nemfuneko Yamacebiso Akhethekileyo

Imithetho yokufuduka yabasindi abadibana nomthetho wokhuseleko, izibhengezo zamalungelo abantu, kunye neenkqubo zolwaphulo-mthetho. Amaxhoba amaninzi akanakukwazi ukuthenga umelo lwamatyala kwaye axhomekeke kuncedo lwasemthethweni, kodwa ukufumaneka kweengcali ezisemthethweni kulinganiselwe kwimimandla ethile. Ukunqongophala kwengcebiso elifanelekileyo elisemthethweni kungaphumela ekulahlweni kweenkqubo, kwanokuba ibali lexhoba liqinisekile. Iinzuzo ezinje [FLT: 0] zinokuncedisa kwisixhobo sokufumana i-IMGOGOS, kunye noLawuli (ALL) kunye [FLT:] ne-[FLT] uluntu olufumana isixhobo sokuzifumana. [FLT]

Amaxesha okulungelelanisa ade nokungaqiniseki

Ukulibazisa kwinkqubo yesicelo se-NRM nesokufuduka kusenokuba kukusetyenziswa kwe-liveva kwabasindi. Isigqibo esifanelekileyo kufuneka sithathe iintsuku ezintlanu, kodwa kusoloko kuthatha ixesha elide ukuqheliswa, isigqibo sezindululo eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nesiphumo saso nasiphi na isicelo se-vsavrase singanwebeka ngaphezu kweenyanga okanye kwaneminyaka. Ngeli xesha, amaxhoba asenokuhlala ekwisibeleko, angakwazi ukusebenza ukuba akanayo i-vsaves ezifanelekileyo, kwaye axhomekeke kwinkxaso elinganiselweyo yentlalo. Oku kungaphinda kungene abasindayo kwaye kuthintele ukululama.

Umngcipheko wokususelwa ukuba ufuduko alusoloko lusetyenziswa

Ukuba ixhoba alingeni kwi-NRM ngokukhawuleza okanye aliphumeleli ukwenza isicelo sokufuduka phambi kokuba ikhefu labo liphelelwe, banokuba ngumgcini-sango ongaphezulu kwaye bajongene nokuvalelwa okanye basuswe. I-ofisi yeKhaya ipapashe iinkqubo ezifanele ukukhusela abasindi abarhwebi ekususweni ngelixa isicelo se-NRM sisekhona, kodwa kungoku, amaxhoba avalelwe okanye agxothwe phambi kokuba imeko yawo ihlolwe ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba nabani na oxhasa ixhoba axelelwe kwi-NRMRM ngokukhawuleza xa kuyimfuneko, ukuba amele nako nako ukuva kwebhethsa.

Imithombo neQumrhu elixhasa amaxhoba

Imibutho emininzi exhasa amaxhoba okurhwebelana kwabantu kunye nobukhoboka bale mihla kwi-UK. Le mibutho inikela uludwe lweenkonzo, kuquka indawo yokuhlala yongxamiseko, icebiso elingokwasemthethweni, ukucebisa, kunye nomsebenzi wexesha elide wokulungisa iingxelo.

Le mibutho isebenza ngokusondeleyo ne-Ofisi yeKhaya, amapolisa, namagosa asekuhlaleni ukuqinisekisa ukuba amaxhoba afumana ukhuseleko anelungelo elisemthethweni. Kwakhona axhasa inkqubela-phambili yenkqubo yokulungisa izithuba nokulibaziseka kwinkqubo yangoku.

Isiphelo: Ukumisela Indlela Yokhuseleko Nezobulungisa

Inkqubo yokufuduka ye-UK yamaxhoba okurhwebelana kwabantu yenzelwe ukunikezela indlela esuka ekuxhatshazweni nasekufumanekeni. Ukusuka ekuqalisweni kuqala kwi-NRM ukuya phambili ukuya ekunikweni i-Night ekhomishini yaManje e-Ortyhewn Visa okanye ikhefu elilawulayo, inyathelo ngalinye lenzelwe ukubona abasindayo kwingozi benyamezele nokunika uzinzo olusemthethweni olufunekayo ukuze baphinde baphinde baphile. Kodwa ke, inkqubo ikude kakhulu.

Kubantu abanolwazi nabaxhasi abasebenza nabasindileyo, isitshixo kukuthatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza: ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho umxhasi okhawulezayo kwi-NRM, ukhuseleko lomelo olusemthethweni kwangoko, kwaye ubhale zonke izinto ezikhoyo zokungakhuseleki kwexhoba. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo kusondeza umntu okwinqanaba eliphakathi, "omntu ophulaphula iminqweno yomntu osindileyo, uhlonela isantya sakhe sokuchachacha, kwaye unika inkxaso engokomkhwa. Ngolwazi olulungileyo, oovimba, kunye noovimba-advocatacy, amaxhoba okurhwebelana kwabantu abanako ukudlula kuphela kwinkqubo yokufuduka kodwa kwakhona bafumana isahluko esitsha sokhuseleko, isidima, nethemba kwi-UK.