Yintoni Esiyicelayo Kwinto Eza Kufunyanwa Ngugcino - lwazi?

A Ugcino-lwazi oluneNcedo yokufumana iSihlomelo (DSAR) sisicelo esibhaliweyo esisemthethweni esivela kumntu ngamnye – kumxholo wogcino-lwazi – kumbutho, icela ukuba umbutho unikezele ukhuphelo logcino-lwazi lobuqu olunalo ngabo. ii-DSAR zisetyeni lomthetho wokhuseleko logcino-lwazi, zinika abantu indlela engqalileyo yokubona ukuba lucaciswa kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba luphethwe ngokusemthethweni, ngokuchanekileyo, nangokucacileyo. Kumongowe-Ireland, ilungelo lokufikelela lifakwe kwinqaku eli-15 logcino-lwazi oluqhelekileyo lokukhusela ukhuseleko (GGRR) kwaye licaciswe ngokubhekele phaya ngoMthetho woKhuselo loMthetho wogcino-lwazi 2018.

I-data yobuqu iquka phantse nayiphi na inkcazelo enxulumene nomntu wendalo ochaziwe okanye obonakalayo. Oku kuquka amagama, amanani okuchaza indawo, ugcino-lwazi lwendawo, abantu abasebenzisa i-intanethi, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto ezibhekiselele kumzimba wakhe, kwimfuza, kwimfuza, kwingqondo, ngokwezoqoqosho, okanye ekuhlaleni. I-DSAR inokwenziwa nasiphi na isizathu esibangela ukuba kubekho umdla wokufuna ukwazi – ukufuna ukwazi, inkxalabo ngokuchanekileyo, ilungiselela ukusebenzisa i-ligiedi, okanye ukusebenzisa nje ilungelo elisisiseko. Ngokungajongani neentshukumisa, imibutho kufuneka iphathe kakuhle i-DSAR nganye ngethuba elingqongqo kwaye iphendule ngokungqongqo.

Isakhiwo Esisemthethweni SeeDSARs EIreland

Ukhuseleko logcino-lwazi lwe-Ireland lubunjwe kakhulu yi-GDPR (IRegate (EU) 2016/676) kunye nomthetho wesizwe ozalisekisa umthetho, uMgaqo-nkqubo woKhuselo logcino-lwazi 2018. I-I-Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC) ligunya elizimeleyo elijongene nokunyanzelwa kokunyanzelwa kwale mithetho nokukhutshwa kolawulo lwe-DSARs.

Amalungiselelo Angundoqo Phantsi kweGDPR

Inqaku le-15 le-GDPR linika umxholo ngamnye wogcino-lwazi ilungelo lokufumana kumalathisi wesiqinisekiso enoba ugcino-lwazi lobuqu malunga nazo luyaphunyezwa na, kwaye, apho kunjalo, ukufikelela kuloo data. Umlawuli kufuneka anikezele ngekopi yogcino-lwazi oludityanisiweyo, kunye nenkcazelo ethile eyongezelelekileyo:

  • Iinjongo zokuqhubekekisa.
  • Iindidi zogcino-lwazi lobuqu.
  • Abamkeli (okanye iindidi zabamkeli) abaza kutyhilwa okanye baza kutyhilwa kubo idata yobuqu, ingakumbi abamkeli kumazwe amathathu okanye imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe.
  • Ixesha ekucingelwa ukuba liya kugcinwa ngalo ugcino-lwazi lobuqu, okanye ukuba akunakwenzeka, imilinganiselo esetyenziswa ukuchaza ixesha.
  • Ubukho belungelo lokucela ukwenziwa kwakhona okanye ukhuseleko, uthintelo lokuqhubekekisa, okanye ukubeka into efunekayo ekuqhubekekeni.
  • Ilungelo lokufaka isikhalazo kwiDPC.
  • Apho i-data ingaqokelelwanga kumbandela wogcino-lwazi, naluphi na ulwazi olukhoyo malunga nomthombo wayo.
  • Ubukho besigqibo esizenzekelayo, kuquka ukutyhilwa, kunye nolwazi olunentsingiselo malunga nobuchule obubandakanyekileyo, kwakunye nentsingiselo kunye neziphumo ezicingelwayo.

IThe Data Protection Act 2018 yongeza amanye amalungiselelo acacileyo ase-Ireland. Umzekelo, iCandelo lama-61 loMthetho livumela umlawuli ukuba alale ukuhambisana ne-DSAR apho isicelo siza kubandakanya ukuchaza ulwazi olunxulumene nomnye umntu, ngaphandle kokuba loo mntu uvumile okanye usengqiqweni ukuvumelana ngaphandle kwemvume yabo. Lo mThetho ukwanika ukukhululwa kwiintlobo ezithile zokulungisa, njengophando, ukukhusela i-archifi, kunye nokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho, nangona kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngokucutha.

Ilungelo Lokukhuphela Ikopi Nomenzi Wokusabela

Phantsi kwenqaku 15(3), umlawuli kufuneka anikezele ikopi yogcino-lwazi olusamkelayo. Ikopi yokuqala ingeyomali; umrhumo ofanelekileyo unganikwa kuphela imibhalo elandelayo okanye izicelo ezibonakala zingenasihlahla okanye ezigqithisileyo. Ulwazi kufuneka lunikezelwe ngokufutshane, ngokucacileyo, ngokucacileyo, nangokufikelelekayo, kusetyenziswa ulwimi olucacileyo nolucacileyo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ugcino-lwazi lunganikwa nge-emodyuli kwifom esetyenziswayo njenge PDS, CSV, okanye i- JSON ifayile.

Indlela Yokuthobela I - DSAR EIreland

Nabani na ungenza i-DSAR ngqo kumbutho. Akukho ndlela okanye ibinzana lomlingo elikhethekileyo elifunekayo – i-imeyili elula okanye uhlamvu olubhaliweyo oluchaza ngokucacileyo isicelo kwanele. Noko ke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isicelo siphuculwe kakuhle, kungcono kakhulu:

  • Yisa isicelo kuMphathiswa woKhuselo loLwazi (DPO) okanye kumntu ochaziwe okhusela ugcino-lwazi, ukuba waziwa.
  • Nika iinkcukacha ezaneleyo zobuqu ukwenzela umbutho uqinisekise ukuba ngubani (umz., igama elipheleleyo, idilesi ye email, inani le-akhawunti, okanye inani lembekiselo).
  • Chaza uhlobo logcino-lwazi okanye ixesha lomdla, ingakumbi ukuba umbutho uphethe umqulu omkhulu wogcino-lwazi (umz., “Yonke idata yobuqu elungiswe phakathi kukaJanuwari 2023 noJanuwari 2024”.
  • Bonisa indlela okhetha ngayo impendulo (umz., ye-elektroniki okanye yephepha).

Umbutho ungacela ubungqina obungakumbi besazisi phambi kokuba uphendule. Oku kuvumelekile ixesha elide xa isicelo silinganiswa. Umzekelo, ukucela ikopi yepasipoti yondwendwe iyafaneleka; ukucela uxwebhu lokuqala oluxabisa kakhulu ukufumana lungathathwa njengolugqithisileyo. Umbutho kufuneka uqinisekise i-ligin ye DSAR kwaye uchaze amanyathelo alandelayo, kuquka ilayini yexesha elindelekileyo.

Oko Kumele Kwenziwe Ziintlanganiso Xa Zifumana Idabi

Xa i DSAR ifunyenwe, umbutho (umlawuli wogcino-lwazi) kufuneka uthathe inyathelo ngaphandle kokulibaziseka okungafanelekanga kwaye nakwesiphi na isiganeko kwinyanga enye yelisithi. Iwotshi iqala ukukhangela ngomhla isicelo esifikayo – ukuba umbutho ufuna ukuqinisekisa uchazo, ilayini yexesha iyamiswa de uqinisekiso luphelele. Ixesha lenyanga enye linganwenwa ngenyanga ezimbini ezingaphaya apho isicelo sintsonkothileyo okanye apho umxholo wogcino-lwazi wenze izicelo ezininzi. Ukuba ulwandiso luyimfuneko, umbutho kufuneka wazise umxholo wedata kwinyanga yokuqala, uchaze izizathu zokubambezele.

Nanga amanyathelo abalulekileyo okusingatha iDSAR eIreland:

  • [[UMTLL: 0] qinisekisa isicelo: Qinisekisa ukuba ngokwenene yiDSAR nokuba umfaki uzichazile.
  • [[FLT: 0] Lungisa uphawu: Sebenzisa amanyathelo asengqiqweni ukuqinisekisa umntu owenza isicelo ukuba ngubani lowo athi unguye. Oku kungabandakanya ukhangelo lweerekhodi zangaphakathi, ukucela ipasis yokundwendwela, okanye ukusebenzisa ubungqina bengxenye ezimbini.
  • Ukukhangela ugcino-lwazi: fumana lonke ugcino-lwazi lobuqu olugcinwe ngaphaya kombutho – hayi kwindlela yokuqala yeIT, kodwa nakwi email, indawo yokugcina amafu, oovimba, ugcino (ukuba kufunyanwe), iifayile zephepha, CCTV permage, kunye nazo naziphi na iinkqubo zecandelo lesithathu ezisetyenzisiweyo.
  • iReview kunye ne-redcict: Phambi kokuchaza, hlola ugcino-lwazi lokususa naluphi na ugcino-lwazi lobuqu lwesithathu olungenakuhlulwa ngokusemthethweni, okanye naluphi na ulwazi olunokucalula uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho okanye imicimbi esemthethweni. Umbutho kufuneka ulinganisele ilungelo lomxholo wogcino-lwazi ngokuchasene namalungelo abanye.
  • chaza impendulo: Thumela ugcino-lwazi ngendlela ecacileyo, kunye nenkcazelo eyongezelelekileyo efunekayo kwinqaku 15. Quka ileta egqumayo echaza oko kunikezelweyo kwaye nayiphi na inteleko exhomekeke kuyo.
  • Uxwebhu lonke: Lugcine ulogo lwangaphakathi lwe DSAR, amanyathelo athatyathweyo, kunye nokuqiqa naziphina izigqibo. Oku kubalulekile ekuphenduleni nasekukhuseleni nasiphi na isikhalazo kwi-DPC.

Iingxaki Ekuhlangabezaneni Neenqwelo - moya

I-DSAR ingaba yenziwa ingeniso yovimba, ingakumbi kwimibutho eneemeko-bume zogcino-lwazi ezithe zasasazeka, iinkqubo ezilifa, okanye ukujika kwabasebenzi abaphezulu. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

  • [[FLT: 0] Ukufunyanwa kogcino-lwazi lobuqu: lungasasazwa kwiidatabase ezininzi, kwabelwe iidrayivi, ii-akhawunti ze-imeyili, kunye neeplatfomu zangaphakathi. Ngaphandle kokwenziwa kwemaphu yogcino-lwazi olufanelekileyo, ukufumana ugcino-lwazi olunxulumeneyo kungathatha iiveki.
  • [[UMTL:0] Uququzelo kunye nokuntsonkotha: I-DSAR enye ingabandakanya amawaka amaxwebhu. Uhlolo, ukuvuleka, kunye nokucalula le mveliso kwinyanga kusoloko kunzima kakhulu.
  • I-data-yahlulo-macandelo: Ukuchaza ugcino-lwazi lomntu lungatyhila ngempazamo ulwazi ngomnye umntu (umz., umvuzo womntu asebenza naye okanye isikhalazo sabathengi). Umbutho kufuneka ugqibe enoba uza kutshayela, uyayeka, okanye ufuna imvume.
  • [[NTL:0] Izicelo ezicacileyo ezingenasihlahla okanye ezigqithisileyo: i-GDPR ivumela umbutho ukuba ulambe okanye unike intlawulo esengqiqweni kwizicelo ezibonakala zingenasihlahla okanye ezigqithisileyo. Noko ke, umthwalo wobungqina ulele nombutho, kwaye ibar ibekwe phezulu. I-DPC ilindele abalawuli ukubonisa ubungqina obucacileyo bokuxhatshazwa, hayi nje ukuphazamisa.
  • Izicelo zomda: Ukuba umxholo wogcino-lwazi usekelwe kwelinye ilizwe le-EU, umbutho kufuneka uqhubeke uhambisana, kwaye kungafuneka ulungelelanise nabanye abalawuli bogcino-lwazi okanye abalawuli bogcino-lwazi.
  • [[[NTL:0] Izicelo ze-Employee: Abaqeshwa bangenza ii-DSAR nangaliphi na ixesha, kuquka ngexesha lengqeqesho okanye emva kokushiya umsebenzi. Ezi zicelo zisoloko zinovakalelo kwaye zinyatheleka ixesha, zifuna ukucotha ngocoselelo ukuze kuphetshwe ingxabano nomthetho wemisebenzi.

Izenzo ezizizo ezizizo

Ukulawula iiDSAR ngokuphumelelayo nokuphepha ukugcinwa kweDPC, imibutho yase-Ireland kufuneka yamkele ezi nkqubo zilandelayo:

Gcina uluhlu logcino-lwazi lobuqu

Uludwe logcino-lwazi okanye imaphu yogcino-lwazi ebhala oko kuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi lobuqu, apho lugcinwa khona, lunemvume, kwaye ixesha elingakanani eligcinweyo lisisixhobo esinye esiluncedo sokuphendula kuDSARs. Ngaphandle kwalo, ukukhangela ugcino-lwazi kuba ngumlilo odubulayo. Uludwe lwezinto kufuneka lugcinwe kude kube semini kwaye luhlolwe rhoqo.

2. Ukuzalisekisa umgaqo-nkqubo we-DSAR kunye nenkqubo

Yenza indlela: chaza umnini DSAR (ngokufuthi i DPO), chaza iindima kunye noxanduva, cwangcisa ixesha elipheleleyo langaphakathi (umz., phendula ngeentsuku ezingama-20 ukuvumela isigcini sethutyana), kwaye yenza oonobumba besikhokelo bobungqina, uqinisekiso, ulwandiso, kunye neempendulo zokugqibela. Qeqesha bonke abasebenzi abanokufumana inkonzo ye DSAR – ingakumbi amaqela aphambili omthengi kunye ne HR – ngoko ke bayazi ukuba omnye uzakuwudlulisela kumntu olungileyo.

3. Sebenzisa ubugcisa kuphendlo oluzenzekelayo

I-everge e-ifireyijing izixhobo, imigangatho yokuthintela ugcino-lwazi, okanye i-software yolawulo lwe-DSAR ukuphendla ngapha nangapha kwenkqubo, iflegi yogcino-lwazi, kunye nokuthamba kombutho. Imibutho esebenzisa iqonga lexesha langoku logcino-lwazi njenge-DRAR, yenza ukhuthuzo olubuza ugcino-lwazi kunye nolwarhoxiso olunxulumene nogcino-lwazi lunganciphisa umgudu wezandla. Noko ke, nasiphi isisombululo esizi-o-omatshini kufuneka sivavanywe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithabatha wonke amasimi anxulumene nayo.

4. Faka Iziciko Ngocoselelo

IGDPR kunye noMthetho woKhuselo lweData 2018 unika ukuvalwa okulinganiselweyo kwelungelo lokufikelela – umzekelo, ukukhusela ilungelo elingokwasemthethweni lobugcisa, ukuphepha ukuphazamisa uphando lolwaphulo-mthetho, okanye apho inkcazelo iphantsi kwesivumelwano esibophekileyo esisemthethweni. Musa ukuthembela ekuvaleni ityala elingekho mthethweni; ityala ngalinye kufuneka liqwalaselwe ngokobuqu, kwaye izizathu zokungavumi okanye ukubeka umda ukufikelela kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi kwaye zixhulumane nombandela wogcino-lwazi.

5. Thetha Kakhulu

Ukuba iDSAR iza kuthatha ixesha elingaphezu kwenyanga, yazisa umxholo wogcino-lwazi kwinyanga yokuqala kwaye uchaze isizathu sokuba. Ukuba ugcino-lwazi oluthile lugotyiwe, chaza isiseko esisemthethweni. Umbandela wogcino-lwazi ovakalelwayo ukuba ugcinwe kwirhintyela awufane unyuse isikhalazo kwi-DPC. Ngokuchasene noko, ukuba thule okanye ukungathobeli yindlela eqinisekileyo yokumema uphando lomgaqo.

6. Ukujolisa nokufunda

Umqulu we DSAR, ujikelezo lwamaxesha, kunye neentlobo zezicelo. Sebenzisa olu gcino-lwazi ukuchonga iindawo ezinengxaki eziphindiweyo – umzekelo, ukuba izicelo ezininzi zinxulumene ne-HR data, ziqwalasela ukuphucula indlela ugcino-lwazi lomqeshwa olucwangcisiweyo ngayo. Hlola rhoqo inkqubo ye-DSAR kwaye uyihlaziye ngokuhambelana nokhokelo lwe-DPC.

Inkqubela yakutshanje nokhokelo lwe-DPC

I-DPC inike izigqibo nesikhokelo esininzi sokunyanzelisa ukubonakala kwendlela ii-DSAR eziphathwa ngayo e-Ireland.

  • Ukunika imvume ekuhlawuleni imirhumo: I-DPC ithe inkcitho kufuneka ipheleliselwe kwiindleko zolawulo kwaye ivumelekile kuphela kwizicelo ezicacileyo ezingenasihlahla okanye ezigqithisileyo. Igubu lokufaka “umrhumo wezolawulo” kuzo zonke ii-DSAR awuvumelekanga.
  • I-Gibrate ekwenzeni izigqibo ezizenzekelayo: Xa i-DSAR inxulumene nezigqibo ezizenzekelayo okanye ukukhutshwa, umbutho kufuneka unike ulwazi olunentsingiselo malunga nokuqiqa okukwisigqibo, hayi ikopi yogcino-lwazi. Oku kuyimfuneko ngokukhethekileyo kwimibutho esebenzisa i-AI okanye umatshini wokufunda.
  • izenzo zonyanzeliso: I-DPC ifake iimali ezibalulekileyo kwimibutho engazange ikwazi ukuphendula kwi DSARs ngexesha elinye lenyanga okanye eyanika iimpendulo ezingaphelelanga ngaphandle kolungiso olufanelekileyo. Umzekelo, ngo-2023, inqwelo-moya enkulu yase-Ireland yahlawulwa ngokufakelwa i-020.400,000 ngenxa yokungasabeli ngokwaneleyo kwi-DSARS ezininzi.
  • I-Interaction kunye namanye amalungelo: I-DPC icacisa ukuba ilungelo lokufikelela alizilawuli ezinye iimbopheleleko ezisemthethweni ezifana nezicelo zolwazi olusemthethweni okanye ukufikelela kolwazi ezenziwa ngomnye umntu. Iziko kufuneka zilinganisele amalungelo kwaye zifune imvume yokutshayela okanye ukufuna icandelo lesithathu.

Ukhokelo lwangoku, imibutho kufuneka isoloko ijonga kwi webhsayithi esemthethweni ye-DPC ukhuseleko lokhuseleko. kwaye ibhekisa kwi EDPB (Umgangatho wogcino-lwazi lwe-Unian Data) kwimigaqo yasekunene yokufikelela. Umbhalo opheleleyo we-GDPR ukhona EUR- LET. Ngaphezu koko, uMthetho woKhuselo lwe-data 2018 ufumaneka kwincwadi ye-Irrishties. [FLT:]

Isizathu Sokuba Ioli Ibe Nzima Kakhulu

Ngaphandle kwembopheleleko esemthethweni, i-DSAR ephethwe kakuhle iqinisa ukuthembana. Xa umntu ebuza umbutho “Yintoni oyaziyo ngam?” kwaye ufumana impendulo epheleleyo, ecacileyo, nefike ngexesha, ibonisa ukuba umbutho uthatha imfihlo nzulu. Kwilizwe lanamhlanje le data esetyenziswayo, intembelo eluncedo olukhuphiswano. Kubafundisi-mfundo nabafundi, ukuqonda iDSAR akungokwazi nje umthetho – kumalunga nokunika abantu amandla okusebenzisa ilungelo labo elisisiseko ukulawula ulwazi lwabo. Ngokuvelisa indlela yokubonakala nokuhlonela ulwazi lobuqu, imibutho yase-Ireland ingenza ulwalamano oluqinileyo nabaxhasi, abasebenzi, nabasebenzi, nabasekuhlaleni.