I-kivic brand ingumthombo ophambili wedemokhrasi esebenzayo, emela okungaphezulu kakhulu kokuqonda indlela okulula ngayo ukulawulwa kwemithetho. Lulwazi olubanzi nobuchule obuxhobisa abantu ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kubomi bentlalo-ntle, bakhuthaze izilangazelelo zabo, bagcine urhulumente wabo ebeke ityala. Kwixesha eliphawulwa kukuzinziswa kwezobupolitika, ukuxinezelelwa kolwazi, nokungathenjwa kwamaziko, ukukwazi ukuqhuba iinkalo zokulawula nokulawula, ukushiya indlela yokulawula noluntu ezikhoyo. Uluntu olufundileyo alukhange luvote nje luvote; lusebenzisaneenjongo, luncedisa, kwaye lunegalelo kwiprojelo oluqhubekayo lolwazi oluzinzileyo, ngaphandle kokuzinzisa ulwazi, ukuba abahlali bezinto ezisebenzayo kunokuba bashiye abahlali belizwe labo abahlala kulo, nokuzinziwa kwemi babo.

Ukuchaza Ukufunda Nokubhala Ngezibakala: Akuphelelanga Kwizibakala

Enyanzelweni yayo, ukufunda nokubhala kwezentlalo kukuqonda amalungelo kunye neembopheleleko zobumi kwibutho ledemokhrasi. Noko ke, iquka ukucatshulwa kwala masebe amathathu karhulumente okanye amagama amagosa anyuliweyo. Ufundo lokwenyaniso lubandakanya ulwazi olusebenzayo lwendlela iinkqubo zezobupolitika ezisebenza ngayo, ubuchule bokuhlolisisa inkqubo kawonke wonke, kunye nokuzinikela kwimigaqo yedemokhrasi yokuthabatha inxaxheba kwibutho loburhulumente. Ifuna abemi bakhona baqonde umthetho [[FLT: 1], , ukulungelelaniswa kwamandla , kunye nenkqubo abanokuphembelela ngayo izigqibo, ukusuka kwintlanganiso zesikolo sasekuhlaleni ukuya kunyulo lwesizwe.

Ngaphezu koko, ukufunda nokubhala kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa okubalulekileyo kwembali. Ukuqonda ukuxakeka kwamalungelo okuvota, indaleko yenkululeko yabemi, kunye nempembelelo yezigqibo zomgaqo-siseko wangaphambili kunceda abemi balapho bavavanye iziganeko zangoku ngoluvo. Kukwaquka ukuqwalaselwa kwesivumelwano sentlalo-ntle [[[FLT:]] .] . . .uvumelwano olupheleleyo phakathi korhulumente nabantu bakhe ngokuphathelele iimfanelo zomntu ngamnye. Umntu ofundelenemfundo ecuthebeni uqonda ukuba idemokhrasi asingo yomdlalo wokudlala, kufuneka umgudu oqhubekayo, ukuphaphaphapha, nokuvuma ukubandakanyeka ngezimvo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukubaluleka Okunzulu Kokufunda Ngezigqibo Kwidemokhrasi Esempilweni

Impilo nobomi obude-demokhrasi bunxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nolwazi lwabemi bayo. Ngaphandle kolwazi olusisiseko, iinkqubo ezilungiselelwe ukumela abantu zingonakaliswa, zingaba nempumelelo, okanye zibanjwe zizinto ezikhethekileyo. Ukubaluleka kokufunda nokubhala kuyabonakala kwimimandla emininzi enzima.

I-Arhente kunye nokuNika amandla

Ulwazi lunamandla. Xa abemi bewaqonda amalungelo abo emithetho-siseko `inkululeko yokuthetha, ilungelo lokuhlanganisa, ilungelo lokucela urhulumente/abaxhotyiswe bhetele ukukhusela. Iguqula abantu ngabanye kwimiba yelizwe babe ngabagcini-nxaxheba abasebenzayo. Inika abantu amandla okuchaza okungekho sikweni, ukulungiselela utshintsho, nokufuna ukuphendula kwiinkokeli zabo ezinyuliweyo. Le ngcamango yelifa ibaluleke kakhulu kuluntu olubekelwe umgangatho ophantsi oluye lwakhutshwe ngokwembali kwinkqubo yezobupolitika.

Ukwakhiwa Noxolo

Unyulo luyindlela engundoqo abahlali ababumba ngayo urhulumente wabo. Ukukhetha okufundekayo kubalulekile ukuze olu nonyulo luvelise iziphumo ezibonisa ukuthanda kwabantu okunyanisekileyo. Abavoti abanolwazi bangavavanya abathathi-nxaxheba abasekelwe kwimiqathango yezomthetho, kwiirekhodi, kunye nokulungelelaniswa namaxabiso abo, kunokuthembela kwizandi, kwi-accounting syst system, okanye kwizibhengezo ezilahlekisayo. Oku kunciphisa impembelelo yenkohliso kwaye kukhuthaza abatshatezi ukuba babe nengxoxo encinci kwimicimbi enzima yezoqoqosho, ukunyamekela impilo, kunye nokhuseleko lwesizwe.

Ubandakanyeko loLuntu neKomkhulu loNyaka

I-Biccopy ikhuthaza imvakalelo yokuba lilungu kunye nembopheleleko kuluntu. Ikhuthaza ukuba nenxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zengingqi zeholo yedolophu, ukusebenza kwiibhodi zoluntu, ukunikela ngokuzithandela ukucoceka kobume basekuhlaleni, nokuxhasa iziphumo ezingezongeniso zasekuhlaleni. Oku kugana ikomkhulu lezentlalo-ntle , imibutho yolwalamano kunye nokuthembana eyenza abantu basebenze ngokunempumelelo.

Ukucinga Okubalulekileyo Nokuchasa Ukungazazi

Kwixesha lamanani, ubuchule bokujonga inkcazelo ngokungqongqo bubuchule obusisiseko boluntu. Ngokusekelwe kwimfundo yolwazi oluphezulu banobuchule bokuchaza imithombo ethembekileyo, ukwamkela ikhethe, nokukhangela intelekelelo yenyaniso. Abachanabekanga kakhulu kwinkcazelo egqwethayo, iingcamango zozungu, namaphulo okuphazamisa angaphandle acetyelwe ukuphazamisa iinkqubo zedemokhrasi. Le ngcamango iphambili igqithisela ekuqondeni iintshukumisa ezibangela ukubhalwa kwezopolitiko kunye nomahluko phakathi kwenkqubo yobungqina kunye nobuchule bokubhala.

Amalungu angundoqo olwazi oluncinci

Ukwakha ukufunda nokubhala kudinga indlela edityanisiweyo egubungela imimandla emininzi yesiseko. Ilungu ngalinye lifak ’ isandla ekuqondeni kakuhle indlela ummi anokuba nenxaxheba ngayo ngokunempumelelo kwibutho labantu.

Isakhiwo Nomsebenzi Karhulumente

Eli candelo lisisiseko liquka ukuqonda ulwahlulo lwamandla [[FLT: 0] phakathi komthetho, impatho-mandla, kunye namasebe ejaji kumgangatho worhulumente, wombuso, nowasekuhlaleni. Abami kufuneka bazi inkqubo yokwenza umthetho, indima yejaji ekutolikeni kwemithetho, kunye nemisebenzi yamaqumrhu olawulo. Olu lwazi luvumela abantu ukuba babhekiselele inkxalabo yabo kumgangatho ofanelekileyo karhulumente baze baqonde iingqikelelo kunye nolungelelwaniso ezithintela naliphi na isebe elinye ukuba lingabi namandla kakhulu.

Amalungelo omGaqo-siseko kunye nokukhulula kwabemi

Ulwazi olusebenzayo lweBhili yamaLungelo kunye nokulungisa okulandelayo kubalulekile. Oku kuquka ukuqonda imida yokuthetha ngokukhululekileyo, ukukhusela ekuphandeni okungekho ngqiqweni nokuthatyathwa, ilungelo lokuvavanywa ngokusesikweni, nokuchazwa okungaguquguqukiyo kokhuseleko olulinganayo phantsi komthetho. Olu lwazi lunceda abemi bakwazi ukuqonda xa amalungelo abo echaswa kwaye bethethelela bona nabanye.

Inkqubo Ebalaseleyo Nokuthabatha Inxaxheba Kwezobupolitika

Ngaphezu kokuvota nje, eli lungu ligubungela iinkqubo zokuvota, unyulo oluphambili noluqhelekileyo, indima yeElectoral College, kunye neenkqubo zokuthatha inxaxheba kunye nee-arhente. Kukwaquka ukuqonda indima yamaqela ezobupolitika, amaqela enzala, kunye nemali yezemali yephulo. Abami kufuneka bazi indlela yokubhalisa ukuvota, indlela yokufumana iindawo zokuvota okanye ii-posi ezikwi-bollets, nendlela yokuvavanya abathathisi kunye nemilinganiselo yethala.

Ulwazi lokufunda nolwamajelo eendaba kunye nohlolo lolwazi

Njengoko kutshiwo, le nto yeyona nto ingundoqo yolwazi lwamafama. Ibandakanya ubuchule bokwahlula phakathi kweendaba, uluvo, kunye nokusasazwa kwenkcazelo; ukuchaza imithombo ethembekileyo; ukuqonda ikhethe lobuchongi bezixhobo zonxibelelwano; nokusebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lwenyaniso. Kwimeko ezele yi-algorithm-drive, abemi kufuneka bakwazi ukubuthandabuza ubuzwe nenjongo yolwazi abalusebenzisayo.

Ubandakanyeko lwe-CPF kunye nokuNcedwa kweNkxaso yoLuntu

Eli lungu liluncedo liguqulela ulwazi kwimisebenzi. Liquka ubuchule obufana nokulungiselela intlanganiso yoluntu, ukubhalela igosa elinyuliweyo, ukuba nenxaxheba kwixesha lokuphendula kukawonke-wonke, okanye ukuqalisa isicelo. Kukwaquka ukuqonda indlela yokusebenzisana namaqela ahlukeneyo ukuphendula imicimbi yasekuhlaleni, ukusuka kwinkqubela phambili yengqalelo ukuya kumanyathelo onyango oluntu.

Imisebenzi yokuKhuthaza ukuFunda nokubhala

Ukukhuthaza ukufundiswa kwabantu kungumsebenzi ofunekayo owenziwa ngamaqela emfundo, imibutho yoluntu, iintsapho nabantu ngabanye.

Ukuvuselela iK-12 yemfundo yePuc

Eyona ndlela ingqalileyo yokwakha ulwazi-lwazi lwezemfundo yasekuhlaleni kukusebenzisa inkqubo yesikolo sikarhulumente. Ngelishwa, imfundo yezemfundo yezentlalo iye yapheliswa kwimimandla emininzi ixhasa i-STEM kunye nezifundo ezivavanyiweyo. Indlela ebanzi ibandakanya ukudibanisa ulwazi lwezentlalo ngaphaya kocwangciso, ukusuka kwimbali nakwizifundo zezentlalo ukuya kwizifundo zezenzululwazi ukuya kwisiNgesi kunye neeklasi zenzululwazi zokuxoxa ngenkqubo. Ukufunda okusekelwe kwiprojekthi, njengokuva okuxelwayo, ukuvavanywa kwentengo, kunye nophando lwabafundi olucetyiweyo kwimibandela yasekuhlaleni, kwenza ulwazi lucace.

[[UMTL:0] Amanyathelo anokuthatha inyathelo kwizikolo:

  • [[UMKHLO:0] Umgaqo osusiweyo: Manudate ime-alustrationsss uqeqesho kumgangatho wesikolo semfundo ephakathi nesokumgangatho ophakamileyo.
  • Iziganeko zangoku ezidityanisiweyo: Ikhuthaza ingxubusho eqhelekileyo yeziganeko zangoku ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, engeyoya aparti.
  • [ Imfundo ekwimali: Uhambo lwemali yemali ukuya kumisa iicapils, iintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, kunye neenkundla zenkundla, okanye ukuzisa amagosa asekuhlaleni kwiklasi.
  • URhulumente wabafundi: Womeleza iinkqubo zikarhulumente zabafundi ukunika abafundi amava eenkqubo zedemokhrasi, kuquka ukuphucuka, ukuphikisana, nokuvota.

Imfundo yabantu abadala esekelwe kuluntu

Ufundo lweBhunga alungolwabantu abaselula kuphela. Abantu abadala, ingakumbi abo bangabemi bendalo okanye abangazange bangenele ngokwembali, bafuna amathuba okufunda afikelelekayo. Iincwadi zoluntu, amaziko oluntu, kunye neendawo zokugcina iingxelo ezingeyongeniso, zinokuvelisa iiprojekthi kwimibandela efana nokuqonda uqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni, ukuqhuba inkqubo yezonyango, okanye ukuxhasa amalungelo aphezulu.

Iinkqubo zoluntu ezinika isiphumo:

  • Iklasi zeCutizeship: Iinkqubo ezilungiselela abaphambukeli uvavanyo lokwemvelo zikwakhela ulwazi olunzulu loluntu.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ummandla obanzi: abaququzeleli abathe rhoqo kwimicimbi yomgaqo-siseko wasekuhlaleni abaguquleli kunye nokhathalelo lomntwana bakhona ukuqinisekisa ukuba inxaxheba ibanzi.
  • Non- Parisan Voter iziKhokelo: Yabela lula kwisikhokelo sokufunda esichaza amaqondo ebhola kunye neendawo zomvo olula kulwimi olucacileyo.

Ubuxhakaxhaka obugudisayo kunye noosomashishini

Izixhobo zamanani zinokuba negalelo elinamandla ekukhuthazeni ukufundiswa kwabentlalo ukuba zisetyenziswe kakuhle. Ii-website ezisebenzisanayo, amaphulo onxibelelwano, kunye nee-apps ezihamba-hambayo zingazisa imfundo etyikityiweyo kwaye zinxulumanise abemi nabameli babo. Kodwa ke, ezi zixhobo zinye zingasasaza ulwazi oluphosakeleyo, ngoko kufuneka ukujonga iinkalo ezichanaba.

Digital civic tools:

  • Iwebhsayithi zomthetho: Umxhasi wobuhlobo obuninzi bomsebenzisi, iiwebhusayithi zikarhulumente ezichaza ngokucacileyo indlela yokufikelela kwiinkonzo nokuthatha inxaxheba ekuvinyweni.
  • Ukwahlula-hlula: Sebenzisa imidlalo kunye nemibuzo (njenge iCvics) ukufundisa ulutsha ngorhulumente obandakanyekileyo.
  • [[NTLA: 0] ICandelo loMkhosi Media: Ukundulula amaphulo angeyonxalenye yecandelo loluntu oluchaza imiba yenkqubo entsonkothileyo (umz., indlela uqingqo-mali olusebenza ngayo) usebenzisa imizobo elula neevidiyo.

Indima Ebalulekileyo Yeziko Lemfundo

Izikolo, ukususela kwimfundo ephakamileyo, zisisiseko semfundo yoluntu, zimele zibangele ukuba abantu bathandane ngokulawulwa yidemokhrasi.

Uphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo kwimfundo ePhakamileyo

Iikholeji neeyunivesithi zinethuba elikhethekileyo lokuphucula ulwazi lwezentlalo phakathi kwabantu abadala abasandula ukuvela. Iimfuno zemfundo eziqhelekileyo zifanele ziquke izifundo zengcamango yedemokhrasi, urhulumente waseMerika, kunye nokugxeka. Ngaphandle kweklasi, amaziko anokukhuthaza ubuchule boluntu

  • IiNkqubo zokufunda: Iizifundo ezidibanisa ufundo lwemfundo nenkonzo yoluntu, ezinyanzela abafundi ukuba basebenzise ulwazi lwentelekelelo kwiingxaki zehlabathi zokwenene.
  • [[Uphando lwe- kuphando lwemiba yasekuhlaleni:[ lukhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzisane norhulumente wasekuhlaleni okanye iinzuzo zokuqhuba uphando ngeengxaki zoluntu ezifana nokufumaneka kwezindlu okanye okusesikweni kokusingqongileyo.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukukhupha kunye noMgaqo: amaqela engxoxo adala ii-fourm ezicwangciselwe ukuqwalasela imixholo ephikisayo, ukufundisa abafundi indlela yokusebenzisana ngokwakhayo neembono eziphikisanayo.

Ukuyila Isithethe Sesikolo Sedemokhrasi

Ukungafundi nokubhala akunakufundiswa kwi-athom. Esi sikolo ngokwaso kufuneka sixelise imilinganiselo yedemokhrasi. Oku kuthetha ukuvumela abafundi bafumane igalelo lokwenene kwiinkqubo ezibachaphazelayo, ukukhuthaza ukuphakanyiswa kweengcamango, nokukhusela inkululeko yokuthetha. Izikolo kufuneka zibe yimizi - mveliso yedemokhrasi apho abafundi baqhelisela ubuchule bokuthabatha inxaxheba, ukunxibelelana, kunye nokulalanisa kwimeko ekhuselekileyo.

Ukunyanzelisa Iingxaki Zokufunda

Nangona ibalulekile, abantu bale mihla bajongene neengxaki ezinkulu zokukwazi ukufunda nokubhala.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezobupolitika Nezidlele Zentloko

Ulwahluko olunzulu lwezopolitiko kwibutho labantu lwenza buthathaka umgaqo ofunekayo wolawulo-lwazi olusebenzayo. Abami basebenzisa iindaba ezisuka kwimithombo eqinisa iinkolelo zabo ezikhoyo, bedala amagumbi okuvala iimbono ezahlukeneyo. Oku kudibanisa oku kwenza kube nzima ukuba nengxubusho esekelwe kwinyaniso ngenkqubo kawonke wonke, njengoko yona kanye ingcaciso ye "impatho" isenokucaciswa. Ukuyeka oku kufuna umgudu wequmrhu ukukhangela iimbono ezininzi nokubandakanye nengxoxo ehloniphekileyo nabo bangavumelani.

Ukuncipha Kokholoso Eziko

Ukuthemba urhulumente, amajelo eendaba, kwanamaziko emfundo kuye kwancipha kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Xa abemi bengawuthembi umthombo onika inkcazelo yoluntu, basengozini yokulahla okanye bangabi ngamaxhoba enkcazelo engafanelekanga, ngokufuthi elahlekisayo, imithombo yokwakha. Ukuthembana kwakhona kufuna ukuba amagosa karhulumente kunye neentatheli zibonise ubuchule obungaguquguqukiyo.

Ukungalingani kwenkqubo kunye nokungafezeki

Ukufikelela kwimfundo yoluntu namandla ezobupolitika asasazwa ngokulinganayo. Abahlali bemimandla enemibala, efumana iingeniso eziphantsi, kunye nemimandla yasemaphandleni ngokufuthi inamaphepha aphantsi kwenkxaso esemthethweni, imiqobo emincinci ekuvotelweni (njengemithetho ye-ID ethintelweyo okanye imimandla emincinane ebekelwe umda). Oku kwenza umjikelo woziququzelo apho abo sele behluliwe banokukwazi ukuxhasa oovimba abazifunayo. Ukuphonononga ezi zinto ziyimfuneko kwaye ziyimfuneko kwibutho ledemokhrasi lokwenene. Iziko ezi zifana ne[FLT: Brenan [[FLT] iziko lobulungisa zisebenza ngokungakhathaliyo ukulwa nokulwa kwezi ndlela zokuvota kunye nokukhuthazwa kolawulo-demokhrasi.

Ukufunda Ngeenkcubeko Kwixesha Lamanani: Imimandla Emitsha Nezisongelo

Le nkulungwane yama - 21 iye yatshintsha indlela abemi abafumana ngayo inkcazelo nabasebenzisana ngayo norhulumente wabo.

Isithembiso Sokubandakanyeka Kwamanani

Ubuxhakaxhaka buye banciphisa imiqobo yokungena ukuze bangene kwinxaxheba yoluntu. Abami bangaqhagamshelana nabameli babo nge-imeyili okanye nge-media yezentlalo, bathathe inxaxheba kwiiholo ze-intanethi, batyikitye iziganeko ze-e-iPlattings, kunye nomthetho wengoma ngexesha lokwenene. Ezi zixhobo zingenza ukuba i-Platforms zifunde [[[FLT:] izibonelelo zemidlalo yemfundo ephezulu efundisa abafundi ngamasebe karhulumente, umGaqo-siseko, nokubaluleka kokuvota. Ezi zixhobo zingenza isombululo sifunde kwaye sifikeleleke kubaphula-ndlebe.

Isisongelo Solwazi Oluphosakeleyo Nemithetho - siseko

Noko ke, kwala maqonga afanayo anokwenza ukuganana kukwazi ukwandisa ulwazi oluphosakeleyo. Ii-algorithm zezentlalo-ntle zenzelwe ukwandisa ukuganana, ngokufuthi kubangela ukushukuma, ukwahlukana, okanye ulwahlulo oluphosakeleyo kulwazi oluchanekileyo. Oku kunokubenza batshintshe abasebenzisi ngokubonakalisa iimbono ezigqithisileyo nangokubenza baqonde izinto ezizizo. Ukuphuhlisa ubuchule bokufunda ulwazi olubugqwesileyo kungundoqo wokusinda kwezentlalo. Abahlali kufuneka bafunde ukunqumla imithombo ethandwayo, ukukhangela amaxwebhu oqobo, nokuqonda iindlela eziqhelekileyo zenkohliso ezifana nobunzulu kunye nokungangeni-promove.

Ukwahlula Amanani Njengokwahlula

Njengoko iinkonzo zikarhulumente kunye nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwabantu kwi-intanethi, ulwahlulo lwamanani luba lulwahlulo loluntu. Abo bangenalwazi oluthembekileyo lwe-intanethi okanye ubuchule bokufunda nokubhala amanani abakhutshelwa ngaphandle kolwazi olubalulekileyo namathuba okuganana. Oku kuquka ukucela iingenelo, ukufikelela kwiintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke, kwanokwenza uxwebhu lokuvota. Ukuvala lo msantsa kufuna ukuba kubekho utyalo kwizinto ezininzi ezingekho mthethweni, uqeqesho lwamanani, nokuqinisekisa ukuba ezinye izinto ezinokusetyenziswa ngaphandle komsebenzi zisekho.

Isiphelo

Ufundo lwe-Covic lokubhala asiyonto idibeneyo yolwazi ukuze lucaciswe luze lulityalwe; luqheliselo oluphilayo ekufuneka luhlakulelwe rhoqo. Yi-injini yedemokhrasi esempilweni, inika abantu amandla okubumba ikamva labo, agcine amandla, kwaye akhe abantu abanobudlelane abaphucukileyo. Le ndlela ifuna indlela ephindaphindiweyo: ukuvuselela imfundo yezezentlalo-ntle kwizikolo neyunivesithi zeK-12, ukuxhasa imfundo yabantu abadala abasekelwe ekuhlaleni, ubugcisa bokuxhobisa ngempumelelo, nokumelana nenkqubo encinane enciphisa inxaxheba elinganayo.

Ummi ngamnye unendima yokwenza. * nokuba kunjalo ngokuhlala efundile, ukuya kwintlanganiso yasekuhlaleni, ukucebisa umntu oselula, okanye nje ukubandakanyeka kwincoko yezoburhulumente nomntu oneempembelelo ezahlukileyo kwezobupolitika. Impilo yedemokhrasi yethu ixhomekeke ekufundeni kwabantu ngokwezentlalo-ntle yabantu. Ngokufaka imali kulolwazi olunzima nakubu buchule bubalulekileyo, asibi nje ngabemi abangcono; siba ngabamelwane abangcono, abaxhasayo, nabasemagunyeni abangcono, nabaphathi abasebenzayo bemilinganiselo yedemokhrasi elwayo efuna ukukhusela. Abo bajonge ukufikelela ekujuleni, oovimba bemfundo [[FLT:]] abanolwazi olubalulekileyo, abanolwazi olukwi-CUNIC kunye [FLT:] uMgaqo wesizwe] noomatisi wobuzwe wobuzwe [FON:]