Ukutshintsha Kweendlebe Zeengqungquthela Ngobugcisa

IBhunga leMibutho laseUnited States kudala lixhomekeke ekuchotshelweni njengesiseko solawulo lwalo kunye nemisebenzi yowiso-mthetho. Ngokwesiko, ezi zenzo zaqulunqwa kumagumbi ekomiti eCapitol eHill, namangqina anikela ubungqina, abenzi bomthetho behleli kwi-daises, kunye nokujongwa kwabantu besuka kwizithuba ze-galariolensi. Kodwa kwiminyaka emininzi edluleyo, ubugcisa buye batshintsha ngokuchanekileyo lo msebenzi wakudala. Ukusetyenziswa kweeplatfomu ezikhoyo, ukuqukuqela, nokusetyenziswa kwamaziko amanani kuye kwenza ukuva kwalula ngakumbi, kwanelisa, kwaye kwanempumelelo, kwaye kulula, kodwa ngaphandle kokuveza ukuchaza izinto ezintsha. Ukuqonda indlela ubugcisa obudityaniselwa ngayo kwiimfobeko zale mihla kufuna ukuba kuhlolwe utshintsho lolwelo lwezicwangciso-fomfo, izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo, iinzuzo ezikhoyo, kunye neengxaki ezikhoyo.

Ukuguqukela Kwiindlebe Zokwenene

Phambi kwesifo se-COVID-19, ukuva kwequmrhu kwakunqabile. Ingqina lalinokuhamba lisuka kwelinye ilizwe lize lingqine; amalungu ekomiti ayehlanganisa kwigumbi elinye; kwaye iziphumo zasasazwa zisuka kwi-C-SPAN okanye zigcinwe kwii-website zikarhulumente, kodwa inxaxheba yokwenene yexesha elide yayinqabile. Oko kwatshintshwa ngephanyazo ngoMatshi 2020, xa ingxubevange yeBhunga enyanzelelweyo ukuba imise imisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Kwiiveki, ikomiti yaqalisa ukuzama ngevidiyo iplatfomu ukuqhuba iphulaphule kude. Indlu neNxatle eyamkelekileyo yamalungu ukuba athathe inxaxheba ngokwesini ngexesha likaxakeka likawonke, umlinganiselo wokwexeshana ophembele iprocculcul.

Ngokomzekelo, iKomiti yeNdlu yoLawulo noTshintsho yaba nokuvakala kwayo kokuqala okupheleleyo ngoMeyi 2020, isebenzisa uSondezo kuvavanya indlela karhulumente yokuphendula lo bhubhani. Ukunduluka bekungakhe kubonwe kwaye kwayitsala yomibini indumiso kunye nokuhlola. Abaxhasi bayibonisa ukuba urhulumente unokuziqhelanisa ngokukhawuleza nokugcina imisebenzi yedemokhrasi ngexesha lengxaki. Abagxeki babexhalabele ukhuseleko, ubunonophelo, nokungathathi cala kwenxaxheba. Noko ke, kwamiselwa umzekelo. Ngo-2021,20,20,20,20,20, apho amanye amalungu namangqina abonakala ngokomntu xa edibana nobomi bombutho.

Ulungiso olusisigxina lwenkqubo

Ngeli xesha imithetho yexesha likaxakeka iphela, iikomiti ezininzi zigcine ukhetho oluneentlobo-ntlobo nasemva kokubuyela kwintlanganiso. Indlu yabameli, umzekelo, igadiwe ukuba nenxaxheba kude kumalungu phantsi kweemeko ezithile kwiBhunga le- 118. IBhunga, ngokwesithethe, elimelana ngakumbi neenguqu ezikude, lamkeleka ngokulinganiselweyo amandla obungqina. Olu tshintsho lubonisa ukuba ubugcisa bungenza ukuva okuququlethweyo. Abenzi bomthetho abagulayo, abahamba ngeenyawo, okanye abaphethe iimbopheleleko zentsapho bayakwazi ukuzalisekisa imisebenzi yabo. AmaNgqina anesiphene okanye abo basekelwe kude eWashington, D.C. Ngoku lunganikela ngaphandle komthwalo wokuhamba okwandisa.

Iingenelo zeendlebe zenyani nezezobuxhakaxhaka

Ukuhlanganiswa kweqonga lenyani kunika iingenelo ezininzi ezingaphaya koncedo nje. Ezi nzuzo zibhalwe yiNkonzo yophando yeCongregational kunye nabanye ababukeli.

Ukufikeleleka Okubanzi Nokuthabatha Inxaxheba

Enye yeenzuzo ezichaziwe kukufumaneka. Kwiindlebe eziqhelekileyo, amangqina asoloko enikwa abo bakwazi ukuhlawula ixesha neendleko zokuya eCapitol. Iqonga elisisigxina lisusa loo mqobo. Iingcali ze-Academic, abanini-mashishini abancinane, amagosa karhulumente, kunye nabantu abanamava omthetho abanolwazi ngoku abanokungqina kwikhaya labo okanye kwisikhundla sabo. Oku kunyusa umlinganiselo wembono ekhoyo kubenzi bomthetho. Umzekelo, iKomiti yeNtsimbi yeeNtlanganiso yemali yafumana isaziso kwinkathalo yempilo yasemaphandleni ethetha ngamangqina okungaqondakali kwimizana yase-Alaskahn.

Ukufumaneka kukawonke-wonke kuphuculiwe. Ukuthothozanyiswa kweendlebe kusezantsi, kwaye iikomiti ezininzi ngoku zigcina iinkcazelo kunye nemibhalo-mvume. I-ofisi yoRhulumente Yokupapasha inika iirekhodi ezinokuphengululwa. Izixhobo ezifana nethala leevidiyo ka-C-SPAN zivumela abemi ukuba bajonge iziganeko ezidlulileyo. Oku kunceda abasemagunyeni abanyuliweyo boluntu ukuba baphendule kwaye baqonde iingxoxo ezintsonkothileyo.

Amaxabiso Nogcino Lwexesha

Ukuva okunesiphumo kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo iindleko ezinxulumene nokuhamba, ukumiswa kwecandelo kunye nenkxaso yabasebenzi. I-ofisi kaRhulumente ye-Accounting ithelekelele ukuba abameli bachitha izigidi zezigidi minyaka le ekuhambeni ukuze banikele ubungqina obungqinelanayo. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kude kunciphisa ezo ndleko. Ngaphezu koko, ucwangciso luba lunokuguquka ngakumbi. Abenzi bomthetho bangaya kumatyala abo eeofisi zesithili okanye kwanaxa behamba ngokusemthethweni kwelinye ilizwe, benciphisa imfuneko yokucima iintlanganiso ngenxa yemibango ye-demorebram. Oku kungayinyusa ikhalenda yemithetho.

Ugcino lwengxelo nohlalutyo olunyusiweyo

Amanani ezixhobo aphucula indlela ekhutshelwa ngayo nokucaciswa. Iinkonzo zexesha lokwenene lokukhuphela ulwazi, njengalawo asebenzisa i-software yokwazisa intetho, avelisa iirekhodi ezichanekileyo phantse kwangoko. Abasebenzi bekomiti bangenza iinkcazelo ezisemgangathweni ezinokuphengululwa, ukwenza kube lula ukulandelela iingxelo, izibophelelo, nokulandela imibuzo ephangaleleyo. Ezinye iikomiti ngoku zisebenzisa ubuchule bokuyila ukushwankathela ubungqina okanye ukuphikisana ngeflegi, nangona izicelo ezinjalo ziqhubeka zivavanyaza. Le ndawo ingqongileyo iluncedo ixhasa uphando olunempumelelo ngakumbi.

Ubugcisa Obungundoqo Obulawula Izindlebe Zanamhlanje

Izibonelelo zobugcisa ezixhasa ukuchongwa kwentlanganiso zibandakanya ukudityaniswa kweeqonga zezorhwebo kunye neenkqubo zikarhulumente ezingokwesiko. Ngoxa uluntu lunokubona ukutya kokwandisa okanye umsinga wokuBonisa, emva kwezi ndawo zinemibutho entsonkothileyo eqinisekisa ukhuseleko, ukuthembeka, nokuthobela iimfuno ezingokwasemthethweni.

Iinguqu zeNkcukacha zeVidiyo

Ulwandiso lukaRhulumente luye lwaba sesisombululo sevidiyo esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiKhontrala. Indlu kunye nendlu yendlu idibene nezivumelwano zenkonzo yoNciphiso-wonga karhulumente, ezidibana nemigangatho yokhuseleko karhulumente. Amaqela eMicrosoft aye asetyenziswa, ingakumbi ukwenzela umanyano lwangaphakathi. La maqonga avumela ukwabelana, ukwahlukana kwamagumbi, nexesha lokwenene lokuncokola, okunokusetyenziswa ngabasebenzi bekomiti ukuquququzelela imibuzo okanye ukwabelana amaxwebhu. Noko ke, iqonga ngalinye kufuneka liqwalaselwe ukunqanda ukufikelela okungagunyaziswa, isandi, kunye nokugxatyaniswa.

Unxibelelwano olukhuselekileyo nokubhala

Ngenxa yokuba ukuva kubandakanya ulwazi oluvakalayo olushwankathelweyo ngezantsi kwenkcazelo-ngokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe, iimfihlelo zorhwebo, okanye ugcino-lwazi lobuqu − ukutyhilwa komntu kuyinto ephambili. Iiplatfom ezisetyenziselwa ukuva, njenge House Intlukwano Committee, esebenza kwii-meters ezahlukeneyo. Kwanakwizimfekethiso ezingacaciswanga, ukuvulwa kombhalo ofihlakeleyo ukuya ekupheleni kungumgangatho. I-House’s Inter Security Office inika amacebiso kumalungu kunye nabasebenzi ekukhuseleni ii-interhost, besebenzisa ii-Proams, kwaye bephepha uWi-Fii ngexesha lokuphendula ekude. Ngo-202020, bekukho iziganeko “zokuvulwa kwendlebe kawonke, ukuqulungela i-opera-the-onke, ukucela i-password kunye namagumbi okulinda.

Umgangatho ophakamileyo ophilayo kunye nokufumaneka

Phantse zonke iindlebe zibaleka ziphila nge-website zekomiti okanye ngakwi Imijelo enguWenu. Indlu kunye neCantenal nganye isebenza iinkonzo zayo eziqukumbelayo: HouseLive.gov neCatenal.gov. Ezi zinto ziquka ukuva intetho evaliweyo ye-popyd kwaye zigcinwe ngokungenasiphelo. Ithala leencwadi leKontele likwagcina iRekhori ye-'ekhoritariyo [ ecaleni kweengxelo zevidiyo. Eliqondo lokufikelela kukawonke wonke lilinganayo kwezinye ii-computha zemithetho-siseko zecawa.

Izixhobo Zokudlala

  • [[UMTL: 0] Iinkqubo ze-Digatali Exhibitions: AmaNgqina kunye nabenzi bomthetho bangabelana ngamaxwebhu, iitshati, kunye neevidiyo ngexesha lokwenene ngaphandle konikezelo olubonakalayo.
  • [[Umthetho ozenzekelayo] Wonikezelo: Iinkonzo ezifana ne Verbit okanye iSivumo sinikezela kufuphi nentetho-ntetho eshukumayo, ephinda ilungiswe ngabasebenzi bekomiti ukwenzela ucoselelo.
  • Ukukhupha nokukhupha igalelo: Ngelixesha ingasetyenziselwa ukuva ngqo, ukudibanisa ii-apps kuvumela amalungu ukuba angenise ivoti yekhompyutha esebenza njengomqobo okanye aqinisekise ukuba khona.

Ucelomngeni noqwalaselo kwiindlebe zobuxhakaxhaka

Nangona kukho iingenelo ezicacileyo, ukufakwa kobugcisa kwiindlebe zombutho kuzisa iingxaki ezinkulu. Ezi zinto zisuka ekusithekeni kobugcisa ukuya ekuxhalabeni okunzulu ngezithethe zedemokhrasi kunye nokulingana.

Ukuphinda-phindwa kobuchule nokulingana

Ukuva okunesiphumo kusebenza kuphela njenge-intanethi kunye ne-hardware yabathathi-nxaxheba. Abenzi bomthetho kwimimandla yasemaphandleni, okanye abo banezixhobo eziphelelwe lixesha, bangayeka unxulumano, ividiyo eqaqanjisiweyo, okanye isiphumlisi sesandi. Oku kungaphazamisa ukuqukumbela kobungqina kunye nokuchitha ixesha lekomiti elixabisekileyo. Ngo-2021, ukuva kweNdlu yezibonelelo kwaphazamiseka xa amalungu amaninzi ephulukana nolwahlulo lwamanani. Ngaphezu koko, asingawo onke amangqina anonikezelo olulinganayo kwi-intanethi ephezulu okanye kwi-intanethi ekhululekileyo, ukuphakamisa imibuzo epheleleyo. Ingqungquthela iye yafuna ukuphendula oku ngokunika amangqina obugcisa inkxaso kwaye iwavumela ukuba asebenzise izibonelelo zombutho-maququ.

Ukuzikhusela Neengozi Zobuqu

Isisongelo sokuqhekeza, i-Scount, kunye nokwaphula ugcino-lwazi kuhlala kuyinto exhalabisayo. Abachasi bangaphandle bangazama ukuthintela ividiyo ukuba yondleke okanye iqokelele ubukrelekrele ekuvaleni. ICybersecurity kunye ne-Infrastruture Security Agency Agency (CISA) isebenza ngeqela le-IT-IT ejonge izisongelo. Ngo-202020, iNdlukwano ezithile zevidiyo emva kokuba kufunyaniswe iimpazamo zokhuseleko. Ukuva okubandakanya ulwazi olunolwahlulwayo, konke ukuthabatha inxaxheba kunokuthi kukhuselwe imali eninzi nokulinganiselayo. Imicimbi yenkcitho ibaluleke kakhulu. Inkcube: imvelaphi, izixhobo zobuqu, kwaye amalungu omntu angabonakala ekhomba nge-khamera, okanye avingth ’ ukubiza imigaqo.

Uxinzelelo lombane

Abamisi-mthetho abaninzi namangqina banikela ingxelo yokuba inene abaphulaphuli abangevanga kuthethwano kunye nobunzulu bezenzo eziphakathi kwabantu. Ukudibana kwamehlo, ulwimi lomzimba, kunye nokukwazi ukufunda igumbi kuncitshisiwe ngesikrini. Oku kungachaphazela ubunzulu bombuzo nokubaluleka kobungqina. Ezinye izitulo zekomiti ziphikisa ukuba amangqina amade angenawo amangqina anokubekwa tyala ngexesha lokwenene, njengoko zinokuvala ividiyo ukuba ngaba imibuzo iyangakhululekanga. Isithethe sokufunga sisenzeka esikhutshelweni. Ngokufuthi qha, qho kunciphiswe kunyaka osisigxina sekhuseli. Ezi zicawa zikhokelele abanye ukuba babuye babuyele ngokupheleleyo kwindlebe ngaphandle kokuba bengene ekuthatheni inxaxheba.

Isithintelo esingokwasemthethweni nesenkqubo

Imithetho yeBhunga kwafuneka ihlaziywe ukuze kulungiswe igalelo elikude. Umzekelo, imibuzo emalunga nokuba ivoti yenyani okanye ubungqina iyanelisa iimfuno ze-demodum zendlu okanye zeNdlu yeeNdlu yeNdlu yeNdlu yeNtshona. Intetho okanye iNqakulela ka-Phondo ka-Claus, ekhusela intetho yemithetho-mthetho, itolikwa ukuba isebenzise iziphumo zenyani, kodwa ixhala lihlala likhona malunga nokusetyenziswa kakubi kobungqina obusemgaqweni okanye uxanduva. Ngaphezu koko, ii-aseapoenas zinokuntluswaniswa ngemiba yemithetho ukuba ingqina ingaphandle kwe-United States. Ngoku iiKomiti zisoloko ziquka “i-aviter arvertiver" isikhalaring.

Ukuthetha Ngeengxaki: Izenzo Ezibalaseleyo Nenkqubela Eqhubekayo

Ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi, iKhomishini iye yavelisa imigaqo elungileyo eqhubeka iguquka. La manyathelo ajolise ekulinganiseni uhlahlo-hleko nokhuseleko nokhuseleko lwedemokhrasi.

Inkxaso yobuchule obuphangiweyo nemigangatho

Indlu kunye neNdlu yeNdlu yeNdlu eNika i-IS ixhasa iidesika ezinikezelweyo zokuva. Phambi kwentlanganiso nganye enentsingiselo, “uvavanyo lwe-tech” luqhutywa nabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba. Imigangatho ye-Harmaters iye yamiselwa: i-webcam-mcam-mcane yomgangatho ophezulu, unxibelelwano olungaphandle, kunye nolukwi-intanethi ye-intanethi iyanconywa. I-Government Accounting Office [[[[FLT]]]] Isebe lokulawula ii-Akhawunti" iinkonzo ze-'inkonzo. Ezinye iikomiti zikwasebenzisa “ukuvelisa indima" i-FLT, abasebenzi bevidiyo, abathethi, nabasebenzi bezobugcisa abaphethe iiprogcisa.

Imithetho yokuziphatha eyandisiweyo

Imigangatho yokukhowuda iyahlaziywa. Uqinisekiso lwezifakta ezininzi lunyanzelekile kubo bonke abathabatha inxaxheba kwiqonga elisemthethweni. Ukuva okuvilaphayo kusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zekhompyutha ezinikezelweyo ezingenakufikelelwa kwiikhompyutha zobuqu. Isebe le House IT liqhuba uphicotho-zincwadi zokhuseleko oluthe rhoqo kwaye linika uqeqesho kumalungu kunye nabasebenzi kwi-phishing kunye nobunjineli bentlalo. Kwizimvo zikawonke wonke, amaqonga acwangciselwe ukuthintela ukushicilela amaqela angagunyaziswanga, kwaye ukhuseleko lwamalungelo olusemthethweni maxa wambi lusetyenziswa ekutyeniseni ividiyo.

Ukugcina Ukubonakala Kwangaphambili Nokucola

Iikomiti zipapasha imigaqo ecacileyo yobungqina kunye nehambo yamalungu ngexesha lokuvakala: akukho kudla, imvelaphi efanelekileyo, isinxibo esifanelekileyo. Ukugcina imbonakalo yezobugcisa, zonke iindlebe ezikude zikhutshelwa kwaye ziqukuqelelwa ekuhleni, kwaye iiphazamiso ziyancitshiswa. Ukusetyenziswa kwe “Isakhiwo esingumboniso-mbali” kuqinisekisa ukuba amaxesha okuphendula uwonke-wonke ahlala elungelelene. Ezinye iikomiti ziye zazama ukuvumela imibuzo kawonke-wonke ebhaliweyo ukuba ithunyelwe ukulandelela, ukuganana kwabemi okukhulayo.

Imigaqo Yexesha Elizayo: Ikla, Iimodeli Ze Hybrid, kunye nokuzibandakanya nedemokhrasi

Xa ujonga phambili, ubugcisa buza kuqhubeka buchaza indlela iNkqutyana eqhuba ngayo ishishini layo. Izinto ezininzi sele ziqalile.

Ubuntlola Obenziweyo Ekulungiseleleni Nokuhlalutya Iindlebe

Izixhobo ze-Al zinganceda abasebenzi bekomiti balungiselele ukuva ngokushwankathela iimvelaphi zamaNgqina, ukuchaza iingxabano ezinokwenzeka, kunye nokucebisa imibuzo. Ngexesha lokuva, ukukhuphela ulwazi ngentetho nge khowudi kunye nokulungisa ulwimi kungajijela iingxelo ezilahlekisayo okanye ilandele indlela ingqina elisoloko liphambuka ngayo kubungqina obungaphambili. Noko ke, inkxalabo engokokubandakanywayo malunga nobumfihlelo nokungafihli nto kufuneka ixutyushwe phambi kokuba izixhobo ezinjalo zibe zesiqhelo. Uphando lophando oluqhelekileyo[ ukhutshwe ushwankathelo lwendlela yoluvo [[FLT:] olucacileyo] kunye nobuNkququzelelo olupheleleyo] kwi 2023, ukuxubusha ngezicelo kunye nokulinganiselwa.

Iindlebe Ezingeyongozi

Kubonakala ngathi ukuva okuxubileyo kuya kuba luphawu olusisigxina lweBhunga. Le Home inikeza ingqokelela yemithetho yeBhunga le- 118 ivumela ukuba amalungu athathe inxaxheba kude phantsi kweemeko ezithile, njengekhefu lezamayeza okanye uhambo olusemthethweni. Iikomiti ziyila amagumbi okuva ngee-engile ezininzi zekhamera kunye nemifanekiso emikhulu yokudibanisa abathathi-nxaxheba abakude ngaphandle komthungo. Le mizekelo ingasebenza njengesikhokelo sendlu yowiso-mthetho kunye nemibutho yezizwe ngezizwe njengePalamente yaseYurophu.

Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba Kwabantu Bonke Okwandayo Ngezixhobo Zamanani

Ngaphezu kokubukelwa kwetyala, abemi banokuthi kungekudala bakwazi ukungenela ngqo kwiqonga lemivo. Ezinye iikomiti sele zivavanyiwe “iikona ezikhoyo zamaNgqina” apho uluntu lungangenisa khona ubungqina obubhaliweyo okanye iingxelo ezifutshane zevidiyo. Ubugcisa besizwe kunye noLawulo lolwazi luye lwaxhasa iinkqubo zomqhubi wenqwelo-moya zokwandisa ulwazi kunye nokufikelela ekuthembiseni abantu ngokubanzi. Ii-medialytics zentlalo ziyasetyenziswa ukuvavanya uluvo lukawonke-wonke kwimibandela yokuva, nangona ugcino-data olunjalo kufuneka luphathwele njengeyo eyongezelelekileyo kunokuba lungamele lungamele lungangenisethise.

I-Awards: Ukusetyenziswa ngokuzihambelayo nokuncitshiswa

Kukho ubungozi bokuba ukuxhomekeka ngokugqithiseleyo kubugcisa kungayinciphisa indlela yomntu yokuvelela. Ukuba i-Al yenza imibuzo okanye ingqina ngokushwankathela, abaququzeleli bomthetho bangaba ngabamkeli-lwazi abangasebenziyo kunezikhundla zokuncina amakholwa. Ngokufanayo, ukuba amava aqhutyelwa kude, umatshini wokushicilela noluntu unokuba namathuba ambalwa okunxibelelana nabantu ngokungacwangciswanga. /iincoko zepaseji ezidla ngokuvelisa amabali axabisekileyo eendaba. Ukulinganisa ubuchule nokungaqondaniseki, ukusetyenziswa kwengxoxo yedemokhrasi kusenokuhlala kungumngeni.

Isiphelo: Ukwamkela Ukubuyiselwa Ngoxa Ukhusela Ulawulo - melo

Ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa kunye namaqonga abonisa ukuba luncedo ekuvani ngokunzulu kwinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Ukusuka ekujikeni kwemeko kaxakeka ngexesha le-COVID-19 ukuya kwisithethe sangoku se-idrojini, iKhomishini ibonise amandla okuziqhelanisa ngexesha isebenza kwayo. Iingenelo `ukungafezeki, ukugcinwa kwemali, ukugcinwa kwemali, ukugqibelela, ukubonakala kakuhle, nokubonakala. Kodwa iingxaki zokungaguquguquki kwekhompyutha, ukulingana, nokulahlekelwa zizinto ezifunekayo ngobuqu. Njengoko ubugcisa buqhubeka, isitshixo siya kulawula amandla ayo ngaphandle kokunikezela ukuphendula nokuqulungela abameli bedemokhrasi. Ukuqhubeka korhwebo kwisiseko esikhuselekileyo, ukwenziwa komthetho oqikelezayo, kunye nokubhaliswa kwabantu abanolwazi olubonakalayo kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokulawula iintlanganiso zolawulo lweminyaka yee-Admillia.