Ulwalamano Phakathi Kokhetho Lokwenza Ixesha Neziko

Ixesha lonyulo limele enye yezona ndawo ziphambili kodwa eziye zatyeshelwa rhoqo ekuthinteleni abavoti ukuba bangenelele kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi. Xa abemi beya kwiindlela zokuvota, indlela ekhethwa ngayo loo mihla, kwaye ezo zinto zinguthunywa zijikeleze usuku lonyulo, zingabumba ukujika ngemida ebanzi. I-Voter ingumqondiso ongundoqo wempilo yedemokhrasi, ebonakalisa kungekuphela kwento ekhoyo kodwa nokufaneleka kweziphumo zonyulo. Ukuqonda ulwalamano phakathi konyulo kunye nentlawulo lwemithetho, abalawuli bonyulo, nabaxhasi abazimisele ukuqinisa iinkqubo zedemokhrasi. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa iindlela ezininzi ezidityaniswe kwimiba elikhoyo, kuquka iimeko zeveki, ukubhalisa, iimeko zemozulu, kunye nokuvota, iiprojelo lwezopoliti yezo zezobupolitika, ukuvota ukuvota, ukuvota ukurhola iprojela iprojenti.

Imbali Ethetha Ngexesha Elifanelekileyo Lokukhetha

Ukukhethwa kosuku lonyulo kulawulo-moya oluninzi lusekelwe kwimodemo-mfonomfono embalini kunokuba ibe yeyona nto ilungileyo. EUnited States, unyulo lwesizwe luqhutywa ngoLwesibini emva koMvulo wokuqala ngoNovemba, isithethe esamiselwa ngo1845. Lo mhla wakhethwa ukuhlalisa ibutho labasebenzi apho abalimi babefuna ixesha lokuya kwizihlalo zephondo emva konqulo lwangeCawa nangaphambi kweentsuku zentengiso zesithathu. Ngoxa eli lungiselelo lisebenza kakuhle kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, ukunyanzeleka kwalo kwixesha langoku kuphakamisa imibuzo yokuba ngabasebenzi bephondo baqhubeke besenza umsebenzi wokuthabatha inxaxheba ngokugqibeleleyo.

Amanye amazwe aye enza ukhetho olwahlukileyo. Amazwe amaninzi aseYurophu enza unyulo ngeempelaveki okanye akhetha usuku lonyulo njengeholide kawonke-wonke. IJamani, iFransi, neNetherlands lonke ukhetho ngeeCawa, ngoxa i-Australia isenza unyulo ngeMigqibelo. Oku kunikela uvavanyo lwendalo lokuqonda indlela ixesha elichaphazeleka ngayo. Uphando lusoloko lubonisa ukuba amazwe anokuvota okanye anyulwe adla ngokuba nenxaxheba engakumbi, nangona ulwalamano lungamelelwabanye oothunywa abasemaqulukweni abafana nemithetho yokuvota kunye neenkqubo zokubhalisa ezinyanzelelwa.

Iziphumo zosuku lobusuku ekuthabatheni inxaxheba

Inkcitho yosuku lweveki noncedo

Usuku lweveki apho unyulo lubalelwa khona lubeka iindleko kuvoti. Kubantu abasebenzayo, ukuvota emsebenzini oqhelekileyo kufuneka bafike kwangethuba kwiindawo zokuvota, bathathe ixesha lokuphuma emsebenzini, okanye bafune ukutyelela emva komsebenzi ngaphambi kokuba uvotelwe luphele. Ngamnye kwezi zinto uthatha iindleko zokwenene ngexesha, umvuzo olahlekileyo, okanye ukuntsonkotha kwemithetho. Uphando lwe-United States Ecompution Conficiation Commission lubonisa ukuba ixesha elisoloko lichaza isizathu esingundoqo sokungavoti.

Uphando oluthe ngqo lokuthelekisa ukujika kunqamleza iintsuku zeveki zifumana iipateni ezizinzileyo. Unyulo olubanjwe ngoMgqibelo okanye ngeCawa umlinganiselo 4 ukuya ku 7 yeepesenti zeencopho eziphezulu kumazwe apho uthelekiso olunjalo lunokwenzeka, emva kokulawula ezinye izinto ezifana nokhuphiswano kunye nabemi. Isiphumo sichazwa ngokukodwa phakathi kwabavoti abaselula, abasebenzi abasebenza ngexesha elinye, kunye nabo banemida ethambileyo, becebisa ukuba phakathi kweveki yovota inqandelwe ngokungenakulinganiswa nokuthatha inxaxheba phakathi kwamaqela asele ekhoyo. [[FLT: 0] Ikhomishini yokhetho isuka kwi U. IKhomishini yokhetho isoloko ibonisa ukuba abavoti bomsebenzi kunye nemicimbi ephezulu njengemiqobo yokuthabatha inxaxheba.

Isithethe SangoLwesibini EUnited States

Isithethe saseMerika sokuvota ngoLwesibini siye safumana ingqalelo eninzi yophando. Abaphandi uMatthew Gerber noDaniel S Smith bafumanise ukuba ukutshintshela kunyuko lweempelaveki lwase-U.S. kusenokunyuka unyulo lwendawo ngeepesenti ezimalunga nezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5, inzuzo encinane kodwa enentsingiselo enikwa amashumi ezigidi zabavoti abahlala ekhaya. Noko ke, isiphumo asifani kuwo onke amaphondo okanye iindidi zonyulo. Unyulo lwamandulo, olusele luzoba neziphumo eziphezulu, lubonisa ingeniso epaseluni ukusuka kwiziphumo zosuku lweveki ezitheki xa kuthelekiswa nokhetho oluphakathi okanye lwendawo, apho imiqobo idlala indima ebalulekileyo.

Amatyala amaninzi aye azama ukuthetha ngokuyandisa amaxesha okuvota kwangethuba kunokuba atshintshe usuku lonyulo ngokwalo. Ama-odokisi afana neTexas, Florida, kunye neGeorgia anika iifestile zokuvota zangaphambili ukusuka kwiveki enye ukuya kwezine, evumela abo bavoti ukuba bakhethe amaxesha ahambelana nemithetho yabo. uphando olusuka kwiZiko loHlo loPhicolo [ lucebisa ukuba ukuvela kwasekuqaleni kokhetho olusezantsi, ngokukodwa ngokudityaniswa nokhetho lweposi olusezantsi.

Iimeko zonyaka noomatshini bokunika amandla

Imiphumo Yonyaka Kwisimilo Sezosasazo

Ixesha lonyaka xa unyulo lusenziwa luzisa iinguqu ezongezelelweyo eziphembelela ukujika. Iziphumo zonyaka zisebenza kwimijelo emininzi, kuquka imozulu, iiyure zobusuku, imisebenzi ekhuphisanayo, kunye nezigqibo zenkcubeko. Entwasahlobo kunye nonyulo oluwayo ludla ngokubona unyulo oluphezulu kwimozulu epholileyo, ngelixa unyulo lukhuphisana nekhefu nemisebenzi yangaphandle. Unyulo lwasebusika lujongene neengxaki ezisuka kumaqondo obushushu obubandayo kunye nokuncitshiswa kwelanga, nto leyo enokuthi ithintela ukuhamba ukuya kwiindawo zokuqokelela iindawo.

Uphando lokuhlola indlela yokujika ixesha eUnited States lufumanise ukuba unyulo, ngelixesha lungenelwa kwimo yezulu entle kwilizwe elikhulu, lukwahambelana neemfuno ezikhuphisanayo ezifana nokulungiselela iiholide kunye nokuphela kwexesha lokugcina ixesha. Ukusuka ekugcineni ixesha lokukhanya ukuya ekulingeni kwexesha eliqhelekileyo ekuqaleni kukaNovemba kuthetha ukuba uhlolisiso olukufuphi ngokuhlwa malunga nokutshona kwelanga, lungachaphazela abavoti abaxhomekeke kwiiyure ezisemva kokusebenza kwabo ukuphosa iiyure. Uhlolisiso lwenzululwazi lwezopolitili luye lwangqina ukuba unxulumano phakathi kwexesha lokutshona kwelanga neyure zokuvula lungajiki lunganciphi ngesantya esi-1 ukuya kwipesenti ezimbini ezichaphazelelweyo.

Iintlawulo Zesikolo Nekhalenda

Ixesha lonyulo elinxulumene neekhalenda zemfundo lichaphazela unyulo lwabavoti abaselula ngegunya elithile. Abafundi basekholeji, abasenokubhaliswa kwiidilesi zasekhaya kodwa bangene kwisikolo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, bajamelana nocelomngeni olungokwenkcaso xa kuhla unyulo ebudeni bonyaka wemfundo. Unyulo lwenzeka ngexesha lesemester ekwindla, xa abafundi behlala kumaqumrhu abo. Ngoxa obu busenokubonakala buluncedo, kufuneka bahambe ngenkqubo okanye bahambele kwiindawo zasekhaya ezithintela ukupheliswa kolutsha.

Amazwe acwangcisa unyulo ngexesha lekhefu lesikolo okanye ngeempelaveki xa abafundi basekholeji bedla ngokufumana inxaxheba ekhudlwana kolutsha. IOstreliya, esoloko ikhupha iingxelo ngoMgqibelo, ingaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini kuwo onke amadala, nangona oku kuqiniswa yimithetho yokuvota enyanzelelweyo. Ulwalamano phakathi kweekhalenda zemfundo nokufumana imvume yokuvota luye lwabangela ukuba amanye amazwe ase-U.S. amaziko okusungula iindawo zokuvota nokurhola nokurhola imithombo yabafundi, nangona loo manyathelo engazange aqhutywe.

Ukungenelela phakathi kobalo-maxesha nobhaliso lwezibonelelo

Imigca Efileyo Ebhalisiweyo Nokwaziswa

Imigaqo yokubhalisa idibana ngexesha lonyulo lonyulo ukuze kwenziwe okanye kususwe imiqobo. Iinkqubo zobhaliso, eziqhele ukubekwa iintsuku okanye iiveki phambi kosuku lonyulo, zimisela isinyanzelo sexesha elongezelelekileyo kubavoti. Xa ubhaliso luphela ngaphambi konyulo, abavoti kufuneka bacebe baze bagcine ukuphandlwa kwexesha, okunokuba lucelomngeni ngokukhethekileyo kubemi abangabandakanyekanga kwezobupolitika. Uphando lweBrennan Center yeJaji lubhale ingxelo yokuba ngokubhalisa imiqathango engaphezu kweentsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi kokuba unyulo lubone amaqondo amathathu eephesenti amathathu ukuya kumacandelo ama-6 angaphantsi kunosuku olunye okanye amaxa okugqiba okuvalwa kwawo.

Ubhaliso lovoti lwemini enye, olukhoyo ngoku kumaphondo amalunga nama-20 e-U.S. kunye neSithili saseColumbia, luphelisa isithuba phakathi komjikelo wobhaliso nosuku lonyulo. Le nkqubo ivumela abavoti ukuba babhalise kwaye baphose oomatshini bokuvota kutyelelo olunye, basuse imfuneko yokuceba kusengaphambili. Amazwe anokubhalisa ngokuqhubekayo ngokuqhubekayo anikela ingxelo ephezulu, eneziphumo ezisukela ku-2 ukuya ku 7 leephesenti ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyulo nakulwandolo. Le nkqubo ibonakala isebenza ngakumbi ekuthatheleni inxaxheba phakathi kwabaselula, abaqeqeshi, nabafumana abaqeshi abahamba rhoqo kwaye abangenako ukuhlaziya ukubhalisa kwabo ngaphambili.

Ubhaliso oluzenzekelayo noHlaziyo loMaziko

Ukubhalisa okuzenzekelayo kumela indlela ebanzi yokwakha ukucutha imiqobo yexeshana. Phantsi kwezi nkqubo, abemi babhaliswa ukuba bavote ngokuzenzekelayo xa besebenzisana namasebe emoto okanye iiofisi zenkonzo zoluntu ezifana nee-ofisi zentlalo ngaphandle kokuba bakhethe. Oku kususa imfuneko yokuba abavoti babhalise inkqubo eyahlukileyo ngexesha lonyulo olukhethekileyo phambi konyulo. Amazwe anokubhalisa okuzenzekelayo, kuquka iCanada, iJamani, neSweden, afumana imigangatho yobhaliso engaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini, nto leyo enika isiseko sokubhaliswa konyulo oluphezulu.

Unxulumano phakathi kobhaliso oluzenzekelayo kunye nonyulo lobalo lubalulekile. Xa ubhaliso sele lubekwe endaweni yabo bonke abemi abafanelekileyo, ixesha lokucwangcisa ixesha liyancipha njengemqobo. Abasebenzi bangaqwalasela kwiindlela zokusebenza zokufaka ibhola kunokulawula ubume bobhaliso. Olu tshintsho lunceda ukuchaza isizathu sokuba amazwe anokubhalisa okuzenzekelayo okanye okuqhelekileyo abona umahluko omncinci ekujikelezweni kwexesha lonyulo olusekelwe kumaxesha onyulo olufana nosuku lweveki okanye ixesha. Izibonelo eziqulu zobhaliso zinokulinganisela iziphumo zobandakano lolwano lwendawo ekuthatheleni inxaxheba. [[FLTL:0] Iziko zeBrente ezinika uhlalundo olubanzi [[FLT]]

Imozulu njengemeko ephakathi kukhetho

Ukutshona kwenqanawa nokutshona kweqondo lobushushu

Iimeko zemozulu ngosuku lonyulo ziveza iprojekthi ye-stochastic esetyenziswa ekuvoteni enxulumene nezigqibo zonyulo. Ukuwa kwemvula, ukuwa kwekhephu, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, nezinye iziganeko zemozulu zingabangela iindleko kubavoti abanciphisa ibhabhabhathi, ingakumbi abo bangenabubhetyebhetye-bhetye okanye ababuthathaka. Ubungamandla bempembelelo yemozulu buxhomekeke kwisiseko semeko-mo yezulu, ukufumaneka kwezinto ezinokusetyenziswa kokhetho kwangoko okanye ukuvota, kunye nokhuphiswano olusisiseko konyulo.

Uhlolisiso lweziphumo zemozulu ezikhutshwayo luvelisa izinto ezizinzileyo. Uhlalutyo oluchukumisiweyo ngabaphengululi uBrad Gomez, uThomas Hansford, noGeorge Krause lwafumanisa ukuba i-intshi nganye yemvula inciphisa umvoti kwaye ixabiso le-sipheke lemo yezulu elikwi-0.7 yepesenti, lobo matshini libonisa umqobo omkhulu. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo buguqula ikhephu le khephu le-intshi nge-intshi ezimalunga ne-0.7,7% ye-intshi epheleleyo ye-intshi encilizayo nge-0. Ezi ziphumo zichazwa kakhulu kunyuko olukhoyo kunye neyona ncam yemozulu iyingozi.

Ulawulo nolwakhiwo

Ulwalamano phakathi kwemo yezulu ne-crevout alunakuthintelwa. Abalawuli bokhetho banganciphisa iziphumo zemozulu ngotyalo-mali lwezibonelelo kunye nokhetho lwenkqubo. Iindawo zokuvota ezinokufumaneka ezinendawo ezaneleyo zokulinda ngaphakathi, i-drive ngezixhobo zokuvota, kunye neenkqubo zovota ezinamandla zangaphambili zonke zinciphisa impembelelo yemozulu ekungeneleni. Amazwe anenetha lokhuseleko olunamandla kunye nezibonelelo zemo zezulu ezibanzi abonisa iziphumo ezincinci kwimijelo yemozulu xa zithelekiswa nemimandla apho iindawo zokuvota zininzi khona ii-spartan.

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kuzisa umlinganiselo owongezelelekileyo kulo lwalamano. Njengoko imozulu ixhaphakile kwaye inzulu, amathuba okuba imozulu iphazamise unyulo ayanda. Ucwangciso lonyulo olutsha kufuneka luthathe ityala ngokutshintsha kweemeko zemozulu, kuquka nemfuneko yokuyila xa iziganeko zemozulu zinyanzelisa indawo yokucinywa kwemingxube yokuvota okanye zifuna amaxesha okhetho angaphezulu. Amanye amagunya aqalise ukudibanisa uhlolo lwemozulu kwiinkqubo zonyulo, ukuqonda ukuba izinto ezikhoyo azinakuqondwa ngokuzinzisa ngokweemeko zemeko-bume.

Ukubandakanyeka Kwezobupolitika Nokuthotywa Kwehlokondiba

Indima Yokuqalisa Kwephulo

Ukuzibophelela kwezobupolitika kunye nemigudu yokuzilungiselela ngokwazo zilungelelaniswe ngexesha lonyulo, zisebenzisana nexesha lonyulo lokuyila unyulo. Iphulo ligxininisa kwimigudu yalo yokufikelela kwiiveki nakwiintsuku nje ezingaphambi kosuku lonyulo, ijolise kukhetho, ukuchanabeka, kunye nokuphuma kwemisebenzi ekhutshwayo. Ukuphumelela kwale migudu kuxhomekeke kwixesha lonyulo ngokwexesha leziganeko, ubude bexesha lephulo, kunye nobuncwane obukhoyo kumaphulo kunye nemibutho yezakhono.

Uphando ngeziphumo zephulo lubonisa ukuba ukusondela kwiziphumo zonyulo kubangela ukuba impembelelo yokuququzelela uqhagamshelwano. Abasebenzi bale misebenzi badla ngokusabela kwizikhumbuzo nakukhuthazo xa unyulo lusondele, benza iiveki zokugqibela zephulo elibalulekileyo lokugada. Unyulo oluthi luvele kamsinyane emva kweziganeko ezinkulu ezifana nentlekele zemvelo, ukungqubana kwezoqoqosho, okanye iingxaki zokhuseleko zamazwe zibona ukuguquka komgangatho womanyano kunye nokwenziwa konyulo. Unxulumano phakathi kweziganeko zangaphandle kunye nonyulo lwemimiselo lwenza amathuba okuphendula ngendlela elungeleleneyo, kunye nocelomngeni lokuqhubeka kungena kuluntu olungena kuluntu.

Ufikelelo loLuntu kunye neMithetho yeSibonelelo

Ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yephulo, izibonelelo ezibanzi zoluntu ezikufutshane nonyulo zichaphazela indlela echaphazeleka ngayo ngexesha lokuhamba kombutho, izikolo, nezinye ii-intanethi zasekuhlaleni zidlala indima ekusasazeni ulwazi, ekunikezeleni ezothutho kwiindawo zokuvota, nasekuveliseni imigaqo-nkqubo yoluntu ekuvotelwa kuzo. Imimiselo ephelayo ngexesha lomsebenzi ophezulu woluntu, njengeempelaveki okanye iingokuhlwa xa amaqela oluntu edibana, ingenelwa kwimibutho yasekuhlaleni ekhoyo enokuthi ixhaswe ekuzisweni.

Amazwe anezithethe ezinamandla zoluntu kunye nemibutho eninzi yoluntu ibonisa umahluko omncinci ekunyulweni okusekelwe kumaxesha onyulo oluthe lwathelekiswa nalawo abuthathaka kwizibonelelo zoluntu. Oku kucebisa ukuba izinto zexeshana zingumlamli ngokwenxalenye ngokwemeko yentlalo apho unyulo lubakho. Ukwakha izibonelelo eziqinileyo ezixhasa unyaka wokuvota kungenza ukuba ukuchanabeka kwemiqobo enxulumene nemithetho enxulumene nento ethile. Iinkqubo eziqeqesha iinkokeli zonyulo njengezigidi zonyulo, zibonelela ngemali yemigudu yokufumana ngaphandle kombutho, kunye nokubhalisa ubhaliso lwezivoti kwiinkonzo zoluntu zomsebenzi wesiqhelo zonke zinegalelo ekungeneni kwemekobume elungele ukuthabathana nokusebenza.

Uphando lwetyala lokuthelekisa ngaphaya kwemikhosi

Imodeli yaseOstreliya: Ukusebenza kweMandatory kunye nokhetho lwangoMgqibelo

I-Australia inikela uhlolisiso lwetyala olwahlukileyo kulwalamano phakathi konyulo kunye nokujika. Unyulo loManyano luqhutywa ngoMgqibelo, kwaye uvotelo lunyanzelekile kubo bonke abemi abafanelekileyo abaneminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo, kunye nemali ehlawulweyo yokungathabathi nxaxheba. Unxulumano lovotelo lwangempelaveki kunye nababekho abanyanzelekileyo luvelisa amaqondo okujika angaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini, phakathi kweyona iphezulu kwilizwe ledemokhrasi. Amava onobumba abonisa ukuba izinto ezikhoyo zinokuphumelela ukuphelisa iziphumo zokujika zeminye imibandela yexesha elifutshane, kodwa ngexabiso lokuthintela ukuba umntu ngamnye athathe inxaxheba kusini na.

Abahlalutyi bovotelo olunyanzelekileyo baphikisa ngelithi kunyuse inkcazo yokujika izibalo ngaphandle kokuzinika ulwazi okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba. Abaxhasi baphikisana nokuba ukuba ukuthabatha inxaxheba jikelele komeleza ulawulo lwedemokhrasi kwaye kunciphisa impembelelo yamaphulo aqhutywe kakuhle anokuthi ngenye indlela aqhutywe ngokugqobhoza phakathi kwabaxhasi babo kuphela. Ityala lase-Australia libonisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yokukhetha ayinakuvavanywa ngokuzinyusela ngokwahlukileyo kwinkqubo yonyulo, kuquka nokuthabatha inxaxheba komthetho.

IUnited States: Umsebenzi Onzima Wenkqubo Yokuziphatha Engekho Ngqongqo

I-United States inikela indlela elungeleleneyo kakhulu yokhetho ngexesha lonyulo, namazwe alawula iinkalo ezininzi zocwangciso, ukubhalisa, nokungena kovota. Olu tshintsho ludala amathuba endalo okuhlalutya uthelekiso. Amazwe anjenge-Oregon, iWashington, neColorado atshintshele ekuvoteni kwehlabathi lonke, ngokunempumelelo ukushukuma kosuku lonyulo kumaxesha okuvota eeveki ezininzi. La maphondo anikela ingxelo esoloko enyuka ngokunyuka kumazwe athelekelele kwisithethe kwisithethe sokuvota ngoLwesibini olunye.

Unyulo lomongameli wase-U.2020 lwabonisa ukuba uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwexesha lokucwangcisa. Olu bhubhani lwabangela ukuba amazwe amaninzi andise iposi kunye neenketho zokuvota zangaphambili ngendlela ephawulekayo, okuphumela kwisantya esiphezulu sonyulo kwisithuba senkulungwane. Ngoxa iimeko ezikhethekileyo zo 2020 zisenza kube nzima ukuthelekisa ngqo, amava abonisa ukuba iifestile zovota kunye nokungahoywa kwexesha okunganikezeli kokungayekeleli ukuthembeka kokhetho. Amazwe agcine imigaqo engqongqo ecwangcisiweyo yexesha lokubhata yabona ukujika okusezantsi nemigca emide ngomhla wonyulo, ibalase ukuthengiselwa kwezigqibo ezibandakanye ekucwangcisweni. [[FLT: 0] I-MT uHlation data we-Eb kunye neSayensitiesties Lab inika uhlaluzo oluneenkcukacha lwemiboniso-ocestiod transtiestiestiestiestiesties trap]

Uthelekiso lweYurophu: Ukusebenza ngeveki kunye neenkqubo zokuveliswa kwenqanawa

Idemokhrasi yaseYurophu inika uluvo olongezelelekileyo. Amazwe anjengeFransi, iJamani, iSpeyin ne-Itali aba nonyulo ngeeCawa, isiko elisekelwe kwizithethe zamaKristu ngeCawa yokuphumla. La mazwe afikelela kwiqondo eliphezulu lokhuseleko, nangona kunzima ukwahlula iziphumo zokuvota kwezinye izinto eziquka iinkqubo zokulungelelanisa, ukhuphiswano oluninzi, kunye nenkxaso eninzi kawonke-wonke ngenxa yamaphulo.

Uphando oluthelekisayo lucebisa ukuba iinkqubo zolwandiso lonyulo, ezidla ngokuvelisa ukhuphiswano olungakumbi kunye nomahluko omkhulu weengcamango phakathi kwabatsha, zivelisa unyuko oluphezulu kungakhathaliseki ixesha lonyulo. Noko ke, ukuvota ngempelaveki kubonakala kukhulisa ezi ziphumo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabatsha nabavoti abasebenzayo. Amazwe aseYurophu aye aqhubela phambili kumalungiselelo okuvota anokuguquka okubheta, kuquka ukuvota kwangeniswa kwangaphambili nokungangeni kombhexeleli, jonga imida encinci yokurhoxiweyo phakathi kwamaqela abemi, icebisa ukuba utshintsho ngexesha lokusebenza kwiinjongo ezipheleleyo ecaleni kwenkqubela phambili.

Ucelomngeni Lomgaqo-nkqubo Notshintsho

Utshintsho Olusekelwe Kukhetho

Ubungqina obuhlaziyiweyo apha buxhasa utshintsho oluninzi lwezakhiwo kumhla wonyulo olunokunyusa umvoti ekunyulweni. Ukufudusa unyulo kwiimpelaveki okanye ukwenza umhla wonyulo lumela eyona ndlela ithe ngqo, nangona ukuphumeza kwayo kujongene neengxaki zezobupolitika nezisebenzisekayo. Ukuvota kweveki kufuna utshintsho kulawulo lokhetho, kuquka ukuqokelela abasebenzi bonyulo ngeentsuku ezingezo ezesithethe kunye nokulungisa ixesha lokubala. Amazwe awenze olu tshintsho lusekwenyaniseko kwimijikelezo emininzi yonyulo, avumela abalawuli kunye nabavoti ukuba balungelelanise.

Enye indlela, eyamkelwa ngurhulumente omninzi wase-U.S., kukwandisa ixesha lokuvota kwasekuqaleni kovota kunye neeposi ezikwindawo yonke. Le nkqubo iphumeza iinzuzo ezininzi ezifanayo nokuvota ngempelaveki ngokunika abavoti ubulula bokukhetha ixesha lokuvota elihambelana nemithetho yabo yokhetho. Uphando lusoloko lufumana ukuba unyuko lovota lwangaphambili lunyuke, nangona iziphumo zinkulu xa zidityaniswe nemilinganiselo enciphisa imiqobo yokubhalisa nokunika ibholo eluncedo ekunokukhethwa kuko kokubuyisa imvume. [[FLT: 0] Ingqungquthela yesizwe yomthetho kaRhulumente yomthetho wovolo ivumela uvolo lwangaphambili.[

Indlela Edityanisiweyo Yokuthabatha Inxaxheba

Akukho luguqulo lunye kumhla wonyulo olunokwenzeka ukuguqula utshintsho lonyulo ngokwalo. Olona buchule bunempumelelo bokudibanisa ixesha lokujika notshintsho kunye nezinye iinkqubo ezisekelwe kubungqina eziquka ukubhaliswa okuzenzekelayo kovota, ukurhoxiswa kovota, iindawo zokuvota ezifikelelekayo, neenkqubo zemfundo yoluntu ezomeleleyo. Amazwe kunye namatyala aphumeze olona luphezulu nolungenasiphelo sokujika olunolwamkhethe njengenkqubo edityanisiweyo kunokuba aqokelele imithetho ezimeleyo.

Uvavanyo lomgaqo-nkqubo kufuneka luphinde lujonge iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kumaqela abemi. Utshintsho olwandisiweyo ngokubanzi lusenokungangeneli bonke abemi ngokulinganayo. Umzekelo, ulwandiso lokuqala lokuvota lubonise ukuba kwandisa inxaxheba phakathi kwabamhlophe nabakhulileyo abavoti ngaphezu kwabo bavoti bemibala nabatsha, ngaphandle kokuba lukhatshwa kukufumana ungenelelo oluphezulu noncedo lolwimi. Utshintsho olujoliswe ekujoliswe kulo lufuna ingqalelo enonophelweni kwindlela inkqubo yokusebenza nezinye izithintelo ezijongene noluntu ezahlukeneyo.

Isiphelo

Ulwalamano phakathi konyulo ngexesha lonyulo kunye nojiko lovoti luntsonkothile, lubhalwe kakuhle, kwaye luneziphumo ezizizo. Usuku lonyulo lweveki, ucwangciso lonyaka wokubhalisa, amaxesha okubhalisa, iimeko zemozulu, kunye nokuququzelela imigudu yokusebenzisana ukuze kujike abathathi-nxaxheba kunyuko lwedemokhrasi. Ngaphayandle kokhetho lwedemokhrasi, ubungqina bubonisa ukuba ukunciphisa imiqobo yexesha lokuvota ukunyuka, ingakumbi phakathi kwamaqela asesele ekho ngaphantsi konyuswa kunyuso-volo. Unyuso kunyuso lweveki, amathuba okuvota, ubhaliso oluzenzekelayo, kunye nokhetho oluqinileyo lwangaphambili lunegalelo ekuthatheleni phambili nasekuthatheleni inxaxheba okungenakuguqulwa.

Ukhetho olwenziwa lulawulo-lawulo-moya xa kuthe kwaye ngendlela abemi bevota ababonisa ngayo imilinganiselo enzulu malunga nokuthathi-nxaxheba kwedemokhrasi. Unyulo luyinkqubo esisiseko abemi abasebenzisa ngayo igunya lezobupolitika, kwaye izakhiwo ezibangqongileyo kufuneka zincede ukuthabatha inxaxheba kunokuba zenze imiqobo engeyomfuneko. Njengoko ibutho labantu liba neenguqu eninzi, iselula, kunye nendlela elula yokukhetha, iyakhula. Ukuqonda indlela inkqubo yonyulo echaphazekileyo echaphazela ngayo umvotisi onika isiseko sokwenza uvumelo-demokhrasi, ukunyulwa kweziphumo zedemokhrasi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba onke abemi bayaviwa kwinkqubo yezopolitiko.