Table of Contents
Ukuqonda inkqubo kawonke-wonke kubalulekile kumntu ngamnye ofuna ukuba nenxaxheba ekulungiseni ikamva loluntu lwakhe. Umgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke uchaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi bemihla ngemihla, ukusuka kumgangatho wezikolo zasekuhlaleni nokhuseleko lwengingqi ukuya kufumaneka kwezothutho zoluntu kunye nococeko lwepaki. Xa abemi beqonda indlela esungulwe ngayo, ephunyezwe ngayo, kunye nokuvavanywa, bafumana amandla okuxhasa ngokunempumelelo iimfuno zabo kwaye baba negalelo elicacileyo ekuguquleni uluntu lwabo
Le ndlela ibanzi ihlola iinkalo ezisisiseko zomgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke kunye nempembelelo yayo engqalileyo kuluntu lwako. Enoba ungummi wexesha elide okanye mtsha kummandla ohlala kuwo, ukuqonda ezi ngcamango kuya kukunika amandla okuba ube lilungu elithenjiweyo nelisebenzayo.
Yintoni Umgaqo - siseko Kawonke - wonke?
Inkqubo kawonke wonke ibhekisela kwizigqibo, izenzo, kunye nolawulo olumiselwe ngamagunya karhulumente asekuhlaleni, kurhulumente, nakumgangatho karhulumente ukucombulula imibandela ethile kwibutho loluntu okanye kwibutho labantu. Le nkqubo imela ukuma okusemthethweni kukarhulumente kwimicimbi ethile kwaye ichaza iindlela nendlela ezisetyenziswayo ukufikelela iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo zokunceda uluntu.
Le migaqo iquka imithetho yokuhlahlela umhlaba enokuthi isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, imimiselo yokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke ekhusela abemi kwingozi, iinkqubo zemfundo ezimisela ubuncwane besikolo, amanyathelo empilo akhuthaza ukufaneleka kwezentlalo, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, kunye neenkqubo zokuphuhlisa uqoqosho ezidala imisebenzi namathuba.
Iinkqubo zikawonke-wonke zenzelwe ngenjongo yokuqala yokukhuthaza intlalo-ntle, ukhuseleko, kunye nophuhliso loluntu. Zivela kwinkqubo entsonkothileyo ebandakanya ukuchonga iingxaki, uphando olunokwenzeka, ezinye iindlela zokuphikisana, ukwenza izigqibo, ukuzalisekisa iinkqubo, nokuvavanya iziphumo. Le nkqubo yenkcubeko iqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo inokulungiseka ize iphuculwe ngexesha elisekelwe ekusebenzeni nasekutshintsheni kweemfuno zoluntu.
Umjikelo Womgaqo - siseko Kawonke - wonke
Ukuqonda indlela ekwenziwa ngayo inkqubo kawonke-wonke kunceda abemi balapho baphawule amathuba okuphembelela izigqibo. Umjikelo wenkqubo uquka amaqondo amaninzi ahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, -esona sicwangciso [umba womba] ubakho xa umba ufumana ingqalelo eyaneleyo ukuze uqinisekise inyathelo likarhulumente. Oku kunokwenzeka ngokukhutshelwa kwejelo-ndaba, amaphulo okuphatha, okanye ukulungelelanisa imigudu ezisa ingxaki kuluntu.
Ngokulandelayo kuza ukwenziwa kotshintsho oluqhelekileyo , apho kunokuthi kuveliswe khona kwaye kuphikiswe impikiswano. Amagosa karhulumente, iingcali zenkqubo, abagcini-matyala, yaye ngamanye amaxesha amalungu oluntu asebenza kunye kwizicelo zobugcisa ezithetha ngengxaki echaziwe. Eli qonga libandakanya uphando, uhlalutyo, kwaye ngokufuthi lishushu ingxoxo engezona ndlela zilungileyo zokuqhubana.
Isigaba sokuchonga [ silandela, ngexesha abenzi besigqibo abavuma ngokusemthethweni inkqubo ngomthetho, ngemiyalelo yabalawuli, okanye ngezenzo zolawulo. Oku kungabandakanya iivoti zebhunga lesixeko, utyikityo lwedolophu, okanye imvume yamaziko ahlukeneyo karhulumente.
[[NTLA: 0] Ulungelelaniso luxa inkqubo isetyenziswa. Abameli borhulumente baphuhlisa iinkqubo, banike oovimba, baqeshe abasebenzi, kwaye baqalise ukwenza amalungiselelo omgaqo-nkqubo. Eli qonga lidla ngokubonisa iingxaki ezingabonwanga kwaye lingafuna uhlengahlengiso ukwenza inkqubo isebenze ngokunempumelelo ekusebenzeni.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhutshwa kuvavanya ukuba inkqubo iyayifikelela na injongo yayo. Le nkqubo iqhubekekayo isebenzisa ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi, ii-metrics, kunye nempendulo evela kumaqela achaphazelekayo ukugqiba ukuba inkqubo izakuqhubekeka, ilungiswe okanye iphelisiwe.
Iintlobo zomgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke
Inkqubo kawonke-wonke ingacalulwa ngeendlela ezininzi. iinkqubo zokusasaza zinika iingenelo kumaqela athile okanye kuluntu oluthile, njengemali yeepaki zobulali, iithala leencwadi, okanye iinkqubo zezibonelelo. Le nkqubo isoloko inandipha inkxaso ebanzi kuba yenza inkqubela-phambili ngaphandle kokubeka iindleko ezibalulekileyo nakweliphi na iqela elithile.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yolawulo imisela imithetho nemigangatho elawula ukuziphatha, njengekhowudi yokwakha, imimiselo yokusingqongileyo, okanye imfuno yezoshishino. Le migaqo ijolise ekukhuseleni impilo yoluntu, ukhuseleko, kunye nentlalo-ntle ngokumisela imigangatho encinane nokuthintela imisebenzi eyingozi.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokwahlula-hlula idlulisela ubuncwane ukusuka kwelinye iqela ukuya kwelinye, ngokufuthi ukusuka kwizityebi ukuya kubemi abatyebileyo abambalwa. Imizekelo iquka irhafu eqhubekayo, iinkqubo zezindlu ezinokufikeleleka, kunye neenkonzo zoluntu. Le nkqubo idla ngokudala impikiswano engakumbi kuba ibandakanya urhwebo olucacileyo phakathi kwamaqela ahlukeneyo.
Iinkqubo ezingundoqo zisebenza ngesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza korhulumente ngokwakhe, njengeenkqubo zonyulo, ukulungelelaniswa korhulumente, okanye imithetho yenkonzo yasekuhlaleni. Ngelixesha ingabonakali kakhulu kuluntu, le migaqo ibumba indlela esebenza ngayo urhulumente nendlela asabela ngayo kummi ofuna.
Indlela Umgaqo - siseko Kawonke - wonke Obachaphazela Ngayo Abemi
Inkqubo kawonke wonke ingulo phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi basekuhlaleni, ngokufuthi ngeendlela abahlali abasenokungazazi ngokukhawuleza. Impembelelo ithe ngqo nengangqalanga, ichaphazela yonke into ukusuka kwimfundo oyifumanayo abantwana bakho, ukususela kukhuseleko lwengingqi yakho ukusa kumathuba ezoqoqosho akhoyo kummandla wakho.
Imfundo nezikolo
Inkqubo yemfundo imisela ubulunga nokufumaneka kwezikolo kummandla wenu. Iinkqubo zenkcitho zigqiba ukuba zingakanani iimali ezifunyanwa sikolo ngasinye, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubungakanani beklasi, imivuzo yootitshala, izinto zokufundisa, ubugcisa, neenkqubo zemfundo ezingaphaya kwemfundo. Imigangatho yeCurriculum imisela oko abafundi bakufundayo naxa bekufunda, ngoxa ivavanya imigaqo-nkqubo yokulinganisela ukuphumelela kwabafundi kunye nokusebenza kwesikolo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yesikolo imisela ukuba ngaziphi izikolo abafundi abaya kuzo, ezichaphazela amanani asekuhlaleni kunye nexabiso lempahla. Iinkqubo zemfundo ezikhethekileyo ziqinisekisa ukuba abafundi abaneziphene bafumana iinkonzo ezifanelekileyo. Iinkqubo zokhuseleko zesikolo zithetha ngayo yonke into ukususela ekwakheni ukhuseleko ukuya kwiinkqubo ezichasene nokhuseleko. Kwiintsapho ezinezingane, le nkqubo yemfundo imela ezinye zezigqibo zikarhulumente ezilandelayo ezichaphazela ubomi bazo bemihla ngemihla.
Izithuthi Nezakhiwo
Iinkqubo zokuhamba zichaphazela indlela abemi abahamba ngayo kwiindawo abahlala kuzo. Iinkqubo zothutho lukawonke-wonke zimisela ukuba kukho iibhasi, oololiwe nezinye izinto zokuthutha abantu.
Imigaqo yokulungisa indlela ichaphazela imeko yezitrato neendlela, ichaphazela amaxesha okuhamba, iindleko zogcino-ndlela, kunye nokhuseleko. I-Bike yendlela kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yengqayi yabahamba ngenqwelo-moya iqinisekisa ukuba ukuhamba nokuhamba ngebhayisekile kukhuselekile, iindlela ezisebenzayo zokuhamba. Imimiselo yokumisa ichaphazela ukufumaneka nokuxabisa kokumisa kwindawo yentengiso nakwezasekuhlaleni.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuyila idlulela ngaphaya kwezithuthi ukuquka amanzi kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha amanzi amdaka, iigridi zombane, kunye neenkqubo zonxibelelwano. Izigqibo zokuveliswa kweemali kwezi ndawo ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kweenkonzo eziyimfuneko kunye namandla oluntu okukhula nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.
ISebe libonise ukuba
Imithetho yokuzingela imela enye yezona ndlela zibonakalayo nenempembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke ochaphazela uluntu. Le mithetho imisela ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zezakhiwo ezinokwenziwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, enoba zihlala, zithengisa, zishishino, okanye zisetyenziswa ngokudityanisiweyo. Ukuhomba kuchaphazela ubume bobume bengingqi, amaxabiso empahla, iipatroli, kunye nokufumaneka kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezindlu.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yezindlu efikelelekayo ithetha ngokufumaneka kwezindlu eziphantsi nezingenayo ngokweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nokufakwa kwezindlu, ukubonelelwa kwemali yendlu, ukuqeshwa kwendlu, okanye iinkqubo zezindlu zikawonke-wonke. Le nkqubo ichaphazela iindleko zezindlu ngqo nokuba abantu abahlukahlukeneyo banokukwazi kusini na ukuphila kuluntu.
Ukwakhiwa kwemithetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuhlolwa iqinisekisa ukuba izakhiwo zifikelela kwimilinganiselo yokhuseleko neyomgangatho. Imigaqo-nkqubo yokulondoloza izakhiwo nemimandla ekwimbali ikhusela izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo ezinenkcubeko okanye izakhiwo. Iinkqubo zophuhliso zikhuthaza okanye zidimaze iintlobo ezithile zolwakhiwo ngolwaphulo-mthetho lwerhafu, ukuvunyelwa okanye ezinye iindlela.
Ukhuseleko Loluntu Neenkonzo Zexesha Lengozi
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko yoluntu imisela ubungakanani, uqeqesho, izixhobo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamapolisa, umlilo, kunye neenkonzo zonyango zongxamiseko. Iinkqubo zobupolisa zichaphazela yonke into ukusuka kwiipatroli zomkhosi ukuya kusetyenziswa kwemigaqo yomkhosi ukuya kucwangciso loluntu lokubophelela. Le migaqo ineziphumo ezinzulu zokhuseleko kunye namapolisa oluntu.
Iikhowudi zokhuseleko lomlilo zilawula ulwakhiwo, iinkqubo zokusasaza, izilumkiso zomlilo, kunye nokuphuma kongxamiseko. Iinkqubo zexesha likaxakeka zimisela amacebo kunye nezinto zokusabela kwiintlekele zemvelo, kwiingozi zempilo kawonke-wonke, nezinye iimeko ezinzima. 911 zithumela iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo zongxamiseko zisabela ngokukhawuleza kangakanani kwizicelo zoncedo.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthintela ulwaphulo-mthetho isenokuquka iinkqubo zokubukela abamelwane, uphuhliso lwezitrato, okanye iinkqubo zoncedo lolutsha. Ezi ndlela zibonisa iintanda-bulumko ezahlukeneyo malunga nezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokwakha uluntu olukhuselekileyo.
Ubunjani bokusingqongileyo kunye nokuzinziswa
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokusingqongileyo ichaphazela umoya owuphefumlayo, amanzi owaselayo, kunye nomgangatho wendawo ekuyo. Imimiselo yomgangatho womoya inciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezimotweni, ezimbonisweni nakwezinye imithombo. Imigaqo-nkqubo yomgangatho wamanzi iqinisekisa ukuba amanzi okusela ahlangabezana nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko kwaye amanzi amdaka anyangwa kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba akhululwe.
Imigaqo yolawulo lwenkunkuma imisela indlela eqokelelwa ngayo inkunkuma, ukuphinda isetyenziswe, kunye ne-compostation. Imiphaka nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuzihlaziya ichaphazela ukufumaneka nokugcinwa kweendawo eziluhlaza, iindawo zokudlala, imidlalo, nemimandla yendalo. Imithetho yokukhusela imimandla yasezidolophini ilondoloza amahlathi agcina umthunzi, iphucule umgangatho womoya, iphucule neendawo zokuhlala ezikufutshane.
Imigaqo yemozulu ilungisa igesi ekhupha igesi eshushu, imilinganiselo esebenzayo yamandla, nezixhobo zokuhamba ezinokusetyenziswa.
ISebe lezeMpilo nezeNtlalo
Imigaqo-nkqubo yempilo kawonke-wonke ikhusela impilo yabantu ngokuhlola iivenkile zokutyela, ngokuhlola izifo, iinkqubo zokugoma, namaphulo emfundo yempilo. I-Access to therectorous ichaza ukuba akhona kusini na amaziko empilo yoluntu, iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo, kunye neenkqubo zonyango lokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi.
Iinkqubo zoncedo loluntu zinika inkxaso kuluntu oluchaphazelekayo ngeenkqubo ezithetha ngokungabi namakhaya, ukunganqabiseki kokutya, ukunyamekela abantwana, ukunyamekela abadala, kunye neenkonzo ezikhubazekileyo. Ukufumaneka nokulunga kwezi nkonzo kuchaphazela intlalo-ntle yamalungu oluntu ajongene neemeko ezinzima.
Imigaqo elawulayo ethetha ngokuthintelwa kwempilo iyavuma ukuba oothunywashe abanjengendawo yokuhlala, yokufumana ukutya, imfundo, namathuba ezoqoqosho ayonakalisa ngokusisiseko iziphumo zempilo.
Ukuphuhliswa Kwezoqoqosho Nemisebenzi
Imigaqo-nkqubo yokuphuhlisa izoqoqosho izimisele ukwenza imisebenzi, ukutsala amashishini, nokuqinisa uqoqosho lwasekuhlaleni. Le migaqo isenokuquka iintshukumisa zerhafu kumashishini, iinkqubo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi, iinkonzo ezincinane zokuxhasa amashishini, okanye ukuveliswa kwemali yesiseko nto leyo eyenza uluntu lube nomtsalane ngakumbi kubaqeshi.
Imigaqo-nkqubo ehlawulwayo, imithetho efumana umvuzo osebenzayo, kunye nemithetho yokukhusela abasebenzi ichaphazela iimeko zemisebenzi kunye nomgangatho wengeniso. Imigaqo yeshishini kunye nemigaqo yomgaqo ilungelelanisa imfuneko yokukhusela abathengi nabasebenzi ngomnqweno wokukhuthaza ushishino nonyuko lwezoqoqosho.
Ukutyelela abantu nemigaqo-nkqubo yenkcubeko ixhasa imibutho yobugcisa, imicimbi yenkcubeko, nezinto ezinomtsalane ezikhulisa ubomi ngoxa zisenokubangela inkcitho yezoqoqosho. Le nkqubo inceda ekuchazeni ukuba ngabani nobuntu boluntu, ngoxa isenza imisebenzi nengeniso.
Ukubandakanyeka Kwinkqubo
Ulawulo lwedemokhrasi luxhomekeke ekubeni ummi okhutheleyo abe nenxaxheba. Nangona ukuvota kungundoqo, zininzi ezinye iindlela abahlali abanokuyiphembelela ngazo inkqubo kawonke-wonke nokubumba imimandla yabo. Ukuganana ngokunempumelelo kufuna ukuba uqonde imijelo eyahlukahlukeneyo yokuthabatha inxaxheba nokukhetha iindlela ezihambelana nezilangazelelo zakho, ubuchule kunye nexesha elikhoyo.
Ukuya Kwiintlanganiso Zasesidlangalaleni
Iintlanganiso zeholo yesixeko, iintlanganiso zebhunga lesixeko, ukulungiselela iintlanganiso zekomiti yesikolo, neentlanganiso zinika amathuba angqalileyo okuqwalasela urhulumente esemsebenzini nokuwenza aviwe ilizwi lakho. Ezi ntlanganiso zidla ngokuvulelwa uwonke wonke yaye zidla ngokuquka amaxesha amiselweyo okuphendula esidlangalaleni xa abemi benokuthetha ngokungqalileyo nabenzi bezo izigqibo.
Ngaphambi kokuba uye, qwalasela iintlanganiso ezidla ngokufakwa kwi-intanethi. Oku kukunceda ukwazi ukuchaza izinto ezinomdla uze ulungiselele amagqabaza afanelekileyo. Xa uthetha kwiintlanganiso, yiba mfutshane kwaye ungqale. Iintlanganiso ezininzi zilinganisela iintetho zikawonke-wonke kwimizuzu emibini okanye emithathu umntu ngamnye, ngoko bhekisa ingqalelo kwiingongoma zakho ezingundoqo, ngoko nikela imizekelo okanye ugcino-lwazi olucacileyo xa kunokwenzeka.
Ukuya rhoqo kwiintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke kuyakunceda uqonde imiba yasekuhlaleni, inkqubela-nkqubo, kwakha ulwalamano namagosa kunye nabanye abahlali abathenjiweyo. Kwanokuba awuthethi kwintlanganiso nganye, ubukho bakho bubonisa umdla woluntu kwaye baphe ityala lamagosa.
Ukunxibelelana Namagosa Amiselweyo
Unxibelelwano olungqalileyo namagosa anyuliweyo yenye yezona ndlela ziphumelelayo zokuphembelela inkqubo. Amagosa anikela ingqalelo kwingxelo eququzelelayo kuba iwanceda aqonde izinto eziza kuqala kwibutho labantu kunye nezinto ezixhalabisayo. Igalelo lakho linokubumba iindawo zawo kumthetho osele uhleli, lazise ezona zinto ziphambili kwinkqubo yawo, liwalumkise kwiingxaki ezifuna ingqalelo.
Xa uqhagamshelana namagosa, zichaze ngokucacileyo njengothunywa ngokunika idilesi yakho. Yiba nolwazi ngenkupho othetha ngayo kwaye yeyiphi inyathelo ofuna ukuba bayithathe. Amabali obuqu nemizekelo yasekuhlaleni zisoloko zikholisa kakhulu kuneenqaku eliqhelekileyo lokuthetha. Nokuba ubhala i-imeyili, ufowunela, okanye ucwangcisa intlanganiso, yiba nentlonelo kwaye ube ingcali xa uthetha ukungavumelani.
Landela uthungelwano lwakho. Ukuba umphathi wenza isicelo sokuthatha inyathelo okanye sokubuyela kuwe, qinisekisa ukulandela ngokugqitha. Ukwakha ulwalamano oluqhubekayo nabameli bakho kukwenza ube ngummeli ophumelelayo ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Isalathisi somsebenzi
Uninzi loorhulumente basekuhlaleni luneebhodi ezininzi zokwazisa kunye neekhomishini ezinika ingcebiso kwimimandla ethile yenkqubo. Ezi ziquka ukucwangcisa iikomishini, iipaki namabhodi okuzihlaziya, iikomishini yokusingqongileyo, iikomishini yokulwa namalungelo abantu, okanye iikomiti zokuphuhlisa uqoqosho. Ukukhonza kwezi nkampani kunika izibophelelo ezinzulu ngemiba ethile kunye nempembelelo ethe ngqo ekunconyeni inkqubo.
Ibhodi kunye nendawo yoomatiloshe zidla ngokumiselwa ngamagosa anyuliweyo, maxa wambi kusenziwa isicelo sivulelwe bonke abemi. Ezi ndawo zidla ngokufuna ukuba babekho rhoqo kwiintlanganiso kwaye zisenokubandakanya ukuhlolisisa amaxwebhu, ukutyelela amanxuwa, okanye ukuba nenxaxheba kwiikomiti ezincinci. Uzibopho zexesha ziyahluka kodwa zinokuba ngqiqweni.
Ukusebenza kwiqumrhu elikhuthazayo kusinceda siqonde indlela urhulumente asebenza ngayo, sikhele ubuchule kwimimandla ethile yezomgaqo-nkqubo, size sivelise amathuba okulungisa izigqibo ngaphambi kokuba amagosa anyuliweyo afumane imvume yokugqibela.
Ukuthabatha Inxaxheba KumaNcedo Kawonke - wonke
Amaziko karhulumente asoloko eqhuba uhlolo lukawonke-wonke xa ephuhlisa iinkqubo ezintsha okanye iiprojekthi ezingundoqo. Ezi zinokuthatha uhlobo lophando, amaqela ajolise ekujoliseni, iindawo zokusebenzela abantu, okanye amaqonga achaza iingxelo ze-intanethi. Uhlolo lunika amathuba acwangcisiweyo okuchaza iimbono zakho kunye neengcinga zoncedo ngaphambi kokuba zigqitywe.
Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo, hlala usazi ngee-website zikarhulumente ezizayo, amaphetshana e-imeyili, amajelo eendaba oluntu, okanye iindaba zasekuhlaleni. Xa unikela ingxelo, yiba ngowakhayo nowakhayo. Kunokusuka nje uphikise izicelo, cebisa ezinye izinto okanye utshintsho oluya kucombulula iingxaki zakho ngoxa usenza usukele usukelo lwenkqubo.
Ukuxilonga kukawonke-wonke kusebenza kakuhle xa kufikelela amalungu ahlukahlukeneyo ebutho labantu, kungekhona nje abemi abatsha abathenjiweyo. Khuthaza abamelwane, oogxa babo, kunye namalungu asekuhlaleni asuka kumaqela angasetyenziswanga kakuhle ukuba athathe inxaxheba.
Ukukhankanya kwiMidlalo yasekuhlaleni
Isiseko sokuthabatha inxaxheba kwidemokhrasi, kodwa unyulo lwasekuhlaleni lusoloko lungakhutyeki. Amagosa asekuhlaleni anyulwayo enza izigqibo ezichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, ngokufuthi ngaphezu kwamagosa karhulumente okanye amagosa karhulumente. Amalungu equmrhu lesikolo, abameli bebhunga lesixeko, oosodolophu, kunye nabameli beemiqathango yephondo kwimigaqo-nkqubo yemfundo, ukhuseleko lukawonke wonke, ukusetyenziswa komhlaba neenkonzo zasekuhlaleni.
Ukuvota ngokunempumelelo kunyulo lwasekuhlaleni, abaphandi kunye namanyathelo okuthatha inxaxheba phambi kosuku lonyulo. Abathathi-nxaxheba bajongile, abavoti, kunye nokufuna ulwazi olusuka kwimithombo ethembekileyo. Jonga ngaphaya kwelungu lokuqonda iindawo ezikhethekileyo zabahlohli kwimiba yasekuhlaleni neerekhodi zabo ukuba babanjwe kwii-ofisi zangaphambili.
Amaqela amaninzi anemiqathango yevoti evumela abemi ukuba bavote ngqo kwimibuzo efana nokwanda kwerhafu, imibandela yomanyano, okanye ukubuyiselwa komthetho-siseko. Oku kufuna ukuqwalaselwa kolwimi olukhethekileyo kunye neziphumo ezinokwenzeka. Musa ukumadolw ’ anzima ukufuna uhlalutyo kumagosa onyulo okanye imibutho yemfundo evoti ukuba ulwimi lokuvota luyadida.
Ukulungiselela Nokusebenzisa Izixhobo
Maxa wambi isenzo ngasinye asanele ukwenza utshintsho. Ukulungelelanisa nabamelwane kunye nabahlali abacingayo kuqinisa ilizwi lakho kwaye kubonise inkxaso ebanzi yoluntu kwizikhundla zomgaqo-nkqubo. Ulungelelaniso lwe- Grasroot lungathatha iintlobo ezininzi, ukusuka kumaqela asekuhlaleni ukuya kwimibutho esesikweni yokuzilolonga.
Qalisa ngokuchaza abanye abaxhalabele nawe. Oku kungenzeka ngejelo leendaba, iintlanganiso zoluntu, okanye ngokuthetha nje nabamelwane. Xa uneqela eliphambili, cacisa usukelo lwakho uze uphuhlise iqhinga. Amaphulo aphumelelayo adibanisa iindlela ezininzi ezifana nokucela, ukukhuthuza kwamajelo eendaba, ukuphembelela ngokuthe ngqo amagosa, nokuqhankqalaza kukawonke-wonke.
Ukwakha imibutho neminye imibutho kuqinisa ubuchule bakho. Ukusebenzisana namaqela afuna ukufikelela usukelo lwakho, nokuba ajongana neembambano ngembono eyahlukileyo. Imibutho eyahlukeneyo ibonisa inkxaso ebanzi kwaye idibanisa ubuchule, ubuncwane kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuphumelela kokuzilolonga kufuna ukuzingisa. Ukutshintsha inkqubo kudla ngokuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka yomgudu oqhubekayo. Kubhiyozelwa iimpumelelo ezincinane endleleni kwaye kulondolozwe amandla naxa kufikelelwa zingxaki. Yazi imisebenzi yakho kunye neziphumo zakho ukuze ubonise inkqubela uze ugcine abaxhasi bebophelelekile.
Ukusebenzisa Amajelo Osasazo Namajelo Ezinto Zasekuhlaleni
Ingxelo yamajelo eendaba ingayiphembelela ngokuphawulekayo inkqubo yoluntu ngokuphakamisa ukuqondwa kwemibandela, ukuphembelela uluvo lukawonke-wonke, nokufaka uxinzelelo kubenzi besigqibo. Ukubhalela umhleli iileta, ukunikezela ii-op, okanye ukuqhagamshelana nabacholacholi-ndaba ngemibandela ebalulekileyo yasekuhlaleni kunganceda ekuziseni ingqalelo kwinkxalabo yakho.
Iindawo zonxibelelwano zezentlalo-ntle zilungiselela izixhobo ezinamandla zokulungiselela, ukudlulisela inkcazelo kunye nokuxhasa. Yenza okanye uthelekise amaqela akwi-intanethi ajolise kwimibandela yasekuhlaleni. Yabelana ngenkcazelo ngeentlanganiso, iinkqubo namathuba okuganana. Sebenzisa amajelo eendaba ukuchaza amabali achukumisayo abonisa isizathu sokuba imigaqo ibalulekile kubantu bokwenene.
Xa usebenzisa i-media medias project njengendlela yokusebenzisa i-intanethi, yiba ngochanileyo kwaye usekelwe kwinyaniso. Ukungaqiniseki kolwazi oluphosakeleyo kunciphisa ukuthembeka kwaye kusenokubuya nezo zinto. Ukusebenzisana ngentlonelo nabo bangavumelaniyo, ukugxininisa kwimibandela kunokuhlasela abantu. Izixhobo zonxibelelwano lwezentlalo zisebenza kakuhle njengenxalenye yecebo eliphangaleleyo eliquka ukulungiselela ngaphandle konxibelelwano kunye nokuzibophelela ngokuthe ngqo nabenzi besigqibo.
Ukuqonda Isiseko Sikarhulumente Wasekuhlaleni
Kufuneka uqonde indlela urhulumente wasekuhlaleni alungelelaniswe ngayo nalapho kwenziwa izigqibo ezahlukeneyo. Izakhiwo zikarhulumente ziyahluka kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi, kodwa uninzi lwazo luquka iinkalo eziqhelekileyo.
Iintlobo zoRhulumente
Inkqubo ye- ibonakalisa usodolophu onyuliweyo osebenza njengentloko yesebe eliphetheyo nonyuliweyo osebenza njengequmrhu lowiso-mthetho. Kwinkqubo ezomeleleyo zoosibonda, usodolophu unegunya elibalulekileyo elilawulayo eliquka ucwangciso loqingqo-mali kunye nolawulo lwesebe. Kwinkqubo yesebe elibuthathaka, indima yomphathi-dolophu ingaphezulu kumthetho webhunga eliphethe amandla amaninzi.
Inkqubo ye- ibonakalisa inkqubo ye-council-manager ibhunga elinyuliweyo elimisela inkqubo lize liqeshe umphathi wesixeko onobuchule ukusingatha imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Usodolophu kule nkqubo usoloko elilungu lebhunga elihlalisa iintlanganiso kodwa elinegunya elongezelelekileyo. Esi sakhiwo sizimisele ukwahlula imicimbi yezobupolitika kubaphathi bezobugcisa.
Inkqubo yokwamkelwa [, encinane kakhulu namhlanje, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo, abakhomishinari abanyuliweyo abasebenza njengequmrhu lowiso-mthetho ngexesha ngalinye liyintloko yesebe elithile. Oku kudibanisa imisebenzi yowiso-mthetho kunye negunya elilawulayo kumagosa afanayo.
Ukuqonda ukuba yiyiphi inkqubo esetyenziswa yibutho lakho kukunceda wazi ukuba ngubani onegunya kwimibandela eyahlukileyo yaye ufanele ulathise imigudu yakho yokulawula.
AmaSebe aPhakamileyo kaRhulumente
Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni baquka amasebe amaninzi ajongene neenkonzo ezahlukeneyo. Isebe lokunika iplani liphatha ukusetyenziswa komhlaba, ukubekwa, kunye nokuphuhliswa. isebe lemisebenzi kawonke-wonke [ lilawula izibonelelo eziquka iindlela, amanzi, kunye nenkqubo zokukhupha amanzi amdaka. iipartks kunye nesebe lokuzonwabisa[[ liqhuba iipaki, izibonelelo zokuzonwabisa, kunye neenkqubo.
Isebe lezomthetho linika iinkonzo zonyanzelo lomthetho, ngeli lixa isebe lomlilo liphatha ukucinezelwa komlilo kwaye ngokufuthi iinkonzo zezonyango zongxamiseko. [ isebe lobugocigoci lilawula uqingqo-mali, ityala, kunye nocwangciso lwemali. [ isebe loovimba abasebenzi abanobuntu [[] liphatha uxanduva lwabasebenzi borhulumente.
Uluntu oluninzi lukwanamasebe ajolise kwinkqubela yezoqoqosho, kwizindlu, kwimpilo, kwinkonzo zentlalo, nakweminye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo. Ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi isebe elilawula imiba ekunceda ukuba ungqale imibuzo nenkxalabo kwindawo efanelekileyo.
Inkqubo Yoqingqo - mali
Uqingqo-mali lusenokuba lolona xwebhu lubalulekileyo lwenkqubo eveliswa ngurhulumente wasekuhlaleni.
Inkqubela yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali iqala kwiinyanga phambi kokuba kuqalise unyaka wemali. Amasebe afaka izicelo, umlawuli (okanye umphathi) aphuhlisa uqingqo-mali olucetyiweyo, kunye nequmrhu lemithetho (ikhonki) lihlola, liququzelele, livumele uqingqo-mali lokugqibela. Imithetho emininzi ibamba iindlebe zikawonke-wonke apho abemi banokugqabaza ngezinto eziza kuqala.
Ukuhlola uxwebhu loqingqo-mali, oludla ngokufumaneka kwi-intanethi, kuyakunceda uqonde indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ii-dola zakho zerhafu uze uchaze iindawo ofuna ukukhuthaza kuzo iinguqu. Khangela izinto onokuzikhetha ngokuhamba kwexesha, thelekisa ukuchitha iindleko kwisebe, uze uqwalasele enoba izabelo ezihambelana naleyo ichazwe kwindawo ekuyo.
Ukoyisa Izithintelo Zokuba Nenxaxheba
Nangona inxaxheba yoluntu ivulekile kubo bonke, imiqobo eyahlukeneyo ithintela abemi abaninzi ukuba bangabi nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo. Ukuqonda nokulungisa le miqobo kubalulekile ekudaleni iinkqubo ezizizo zonke.
Ixesha Elinzima
Abantu abaninzi bahlala nzima ukuze bafumane ixesha lokusebenza kunye, kwintsapho naxa besenza ezinye iintlanganiso ngexesha leshishini okanye kuselithuba langokuhlwa xa abantu abaninzi besebenza okanye benyamekela iimbopheleleko zentsapho.
Ukuze ulungise iingxaki ezibangelwa lixesha, khangela iindlela ezibhetyebhetye ezifana nokunikela iimpendulo kwi - Internet, ukuya kwiintlanganiso okanye ukushicilela iintlanganiso. Ezinye iindlela zokugana, njengamagosa ee-imeyili okanye ukutyikitya izicelo, zifuna ixesha elincinane.
Abameli bezenzo zikarhulumente eziphucula ufikelelo, njengokuqhuba iintlanganiso ngamaxesha ahlukahlukeneyo, ukunyamekela abantwana kwiziganeko zikawonke - wonke, okanye ukuvelisa amathuba angakumbi okuba nenxaxheba ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwiiplatfomu ze - Internet.
Iingxaki Zolwimi Nenkcubeko
Abemi abathetha ezinye iilwimi ngaphandle kwesiNgesi okanye abasuka kwizithethe ezahlukeneyo zezentlalo-ntle basenokujamelana nemiqobo ebalulekileyo yokuba nenxaxheba. Amaxwebhu neentlanganiso zikarhulumente eziqhutywa ngesiNgesi kuphela zingazifaki izithethi ezingezo isiNgesi.
Uluntu oluninzi lusebenzela ukucombulula le miqobo ngeenkonzo zoguqulelo, ngezinto zokufikelela kwiilwimi ezininzi, kunye namaqhinga afanelekileyo okuganana. Ukuba uluntu lwakho alunazo ezi zixhobo, luxhasa ukuphunyezwa kwazo. Imibutho yoluntu exhasa abaphambukeli neembacu esebenza kunye nabemi abavela kwamanye amazwe ukuze bangenelele inxaxheba yabo kwintlalo-ntle.
Iimephu Zolwazi
Abahlali abaninzi abayazi indlela esebenza ngayo urhulumente wasekuhlaleni, xa kwenziwa izigqibo, okanye indlela yokubandakanyeka. Iinkqubo zikarhulumente zinokubonakala zintsonkothile kwaye zimfiliba, ingakumbi kwabo bangenamava ngaphambili. Inkqubo zobugcisa nezobudoda zibangela ukudideka okungakumbi.
Funani ubuncwane bemfundo yoluntu kuluntu lwenu. Iincwadi ezininzi zogcino-lwazi, iikholeji zoluntu, kunye nemibutho engafumani ngeniso inikela iinkqubo ezichaza urhulumente wasekuhlaleni nendlela yokuthatha inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo. Amagunya aMazwe eDolopozirks [ kunye nemibutho efanayo inika ubuncwane bokufundisa malunga nolawulo lwasekuhlaleni.
Xa usiba nolwazi nobuchule, xelela abanye ngezinto ezintsha, chazela abamelwane ngeenkqubo zakho, uze uncede abo bazifumanisa zisoyikisa.
Imiqobo Yezoqoqosho
Ukuthabatha inxaxheba kwe-Cvic maxa wambi kubandakanya iindleko ezenza imiqobo kubemi abafumana imali encinci. Ukuhamba ngemfonomfono ukuya kwiintlanganiso, ukufikelela kwi-intanethi, okanye ixesha elikude emsebenzini ohlawulwayo, zonke ezi zinto zineziphumo zezoqoqosho. Le miqobo inegalelo kwiinkqubo ezisenokungamelanga iimfuno zamalungu oluntu aswele imali.
Jonga ubuncwane bamahhala obufana neekhompyutha zethala leencwadi likawonke-wonke kunye ne-intanethi. I-Carpool iya kwiintlanganiso nabamelwane okanye isebenzise izithuthi zikawonke-wonke ukuba zikhona. Ezinye iindawo zinika abahlali abasebenza kwiibhodi nakwiikhomishini, beqonda ukuba inkonzo karhulumente engahlawulwayo ayifikeleleki kubo bonke abantu.
Ukungathembani Nokungathembeki
Abanye abantu abahlala apho, ingakumbi abo bangenabudlelane, basenokungakholelwa urhulumente ngenxa yokuba ekhe wacalucalulwa, watyeshelwa okanye wabhaqwa.
Ukuthembana kwakhona kufuna umgudu othe rhoqo ovela kumalungu orhulumente nawasekuhlaleni. Amagunya kufuneka abonise ukuzinikela okunyanisekileyo ekuthembiseni ngokusisigxina nokulandela izibophelelo. Amalungu oluntu angaxhasana kwiinkqubo zokuqhuba inqanawa ezinokuziva zingamkelekanga aze agcine amagosa ebeke ityala ngezenzo ezizizo zonke.
Iingxaki Zemigaqo - siseko Ejamelene Nemibutho Yabantu Namhlanje
Ngoxa uluntu ngalunye lujamelene neengxaki ezahlukeneyo, imibandela emininzi yemigaqo ixhaphakile kwiindawo ezininzi. Ukuqonda le miba kunceda abemi balapho babandakanyeke ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kwiingxoxo ezikhoyo zemigaqo.
Ingxaki Yezindlu Ezininzi
Uluntu oluninzi lutsala nzima ngenxa yokufumaneka kwezindlu njengoko iindleko zidlula ukwanda kwengeniso. Oku kuchaphazela kungekuphela nje abemi abafumana imali ephantsi kodwa ngokukhulayo kweentsapho ezifumana ingeniso ephakathi kunye. Iimpendulo zomgaqo-nkqubo ziquka ukudityaniswa kweendawo ezifuna amaqela anokufikeleleka kwinkqubela-phambili ezintsha, amanyathelo okuqesha, ukunyuka kwemali yolwakhiwo lwezindlu ezinokufikeleleka, kunye notshintsho kumthetho obeka imiqathango yokunikezelwa kwezindlu.
Inkqubo yezindlu ibandakanya ukunqanda izinto ezintsonkothileyo phakathi kwamalungelo empahla, umbindi wobume, inkqubela-phambili yezoqoqosho, kunye nokulingana kwentlalo. Abahlali kufuneka baqonde ukufikelela kwemigaqo eyahlukeneyo kunye nempembelelo yabo enokwenzeka phambi kokuba bakhuthaze izisombululo ezithile.
Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Nokuzinziswa Kwayo
Imimandla ijongene neengxaki zemozulu ezinxulumene nemozulu embi, izantyalantyala zemvula, ubushushu kunye nembalela. Iimpendulo zomgaqo-nkqubo ziquka ukuncitshiswa kwegesi eshushu, iinkqubo zokuvelisa amandla, ulwakhiwo oluluhlaza, ukulungelelanisa imozulu, kunye namanyathelo okuhamba ahlala ehleli.
Abanye abantu badla ngokubeka imozulu kwindawo yokuqala ngoxa abanye bexhalatyiswa kukuchanabeka kwemeko yemozulu ngoxa bexhasa uqoqosho nokulingana kwabantu kufuneka bazenzele imithetho ecwangcisiweyo.
Ingeniso
Ukukhula kweenkonzo kuquka iindlela, iibhulorho, inkqubo yamanzi, kunye nezakhiwo zikawonke-wonke kufuna utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kuluntu oluninzi. Ukuxhasa olu phuculo kudla ngokufuna unyuko lwerhafu okanye amanyathelo okudibanisa afuna imvume yabavoti. Abahlali kufuneka baqwalasele imfuneko yokuphuculwa kwengqalelo ngokuchasene nexabiso, baqwalasele indlela yokubeka phambili iimfuno ezikhuphisanayo.
Izigqibo zomthetho zinezichaphazelo ezinde zophuhliso loluntu, ukulondolozwa kwemekobume, nempilo entle. Ugcino-ntle oluthintelweyo lungagcina imali ngexesha elifutshane kodwa lukhokelela kumaxabiso aphezulu kunye nokungaphumeleli kamva.
Ukhuseleko Loluntu Namapolisa
Inkcubeko yezomthetho iquka ukuphendula amapolisa, ukusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko loluntu, kunye nezinye iimeko ezingafunekiyo kumagosa akwimpilo engqondo nezinye iimeko ezifuna amagosa axhobileyo.
Ukufumana isiseko esiqhelekileyo kubandakanya incoko ebekelwe imbeko nokufuna ubungqina obuphathelele oko kunokwenza abantu bakhuseleke.
Ukuchacha kwezoqoqosho nophuhliso
Imimandla ifuna ukwenza imisebenzi, ukutsala amashishini, nokwakha ubuchule bezonyango. Izixhobo zenkqubo zokufundisa ukuhlaziywa kwerhafu, iinkqubo zokuphuhliswa kwemisebenzi, inkxaso encinane yoshishino, amanyathelo okuhlaziya izakhiwo ezisembindini, kunye nophuhliso lweqela loshishino. ICOVID-19 ibalaselisa ukubaluleka kokwahlukahlukana kwezoqoqosho nokuchanabeka kwamaqela athile.
Imigaqo-nkqubo yophuhliso lwezoqoqosho kufuneka ilungelelanise ulwando nomgangatho wobomi, iqinisekise iingenelo ezifikelelwa kuwo onke amalungu oluntu, kwaye iphephe ukubonelela ngemali egqithisileyo engakhange inike imbuyekezo ethenjisiweyo. Abahlali kufuneka bahlolisise izicelo zophuhliso lwezoqoqosho ukuqinisekisa ukuba banceda izilangazelelo zoluntu ezibanzi.
Ukubonelela ngeNgxowa-mali yezemfundo
Imali exhaswa zisikolo, uludwe lwezifundo, uvavanyo, intlawulo yomfundisi- ntsapho, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokukhetha izikolo ibangela impikiswano enzima kuluntu oluninzi. Le mibandela ayichaphazeli nje kuphela iintsapho nabantwana abasesikolweni kodwa ichaphazela uluntu lonke, njengempembelelo yexabiso lemfundo yempahla, inkqubela yezoqoqosho, kunye nempumelelo yexesha elide yoluntu.
Ukuqonda le nkqubo intsonkothileyo yolawulo kubandakanya amaqondo amaninzi karhulumente, xa iibhodi zesikolo zisenza izigqibo ezithile ngoxa imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente nekarhulumente inyanzelisa abanye.
Ukwakha Ubuchule Obuphumelelayo Bokusebenzisa Iziyobisi
Ukuphumelela kwemigaqo-nkqubo kufuna okungakumbi kunokuthanda nje imbambano. Ukuphuhlisa ubuchule obuthile kunye namaqhinga obuchule kukwenza uphumelele kwaye kukunceda ufikelele usukelo lwakho.
Uphando nohlalutyo
Abaxhasi abasebenzayo basekela iimbono zabo kubungqina obuqinileyo kunye nohlalutyo. Phambi kokuxhasa isikhundla somgaqo-nkqubo, yenza uphando olucokisekileyo. Qonda ingxaki ozama ukuyiphendula, qwalasela ubungqina obungendlela ezinokusombululwa ngayo, kwaye uqwalasele iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga zendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzilungisa.
Khangela imithombo ethembekileyo equka uphando lwemfundo, ugcino-lwazi lukarhulumente, iingxelo ezivela kumathanga adumileyo, kunye nemizekelo evela kwezinye iindawo eziye zathetha imibandela efanayo. Lumka kwimbono yakho uze ufune iinkalo ezicel ’ umngeni imbono yakho.
Xa uchaza indlela ozifumene ngayo izigqibo uze uvume ukuba akuqinisekanga okanye ungakwazi ukwenza izinto ezithile.
Ukwakha Ulwalamano
Ukwakha ulwalamano namagosa anyuliweyo, abasebenzi bakarhulumente, abanye abameli namalungu oluntu kubangela ukuba kubekho impembelelo engakumbi kuwe kuze kunikele inkcazelo nenkxaso exabisekileyo.
Unxulumano olusondeleyo lokwakha ulwalamano olulungelelanisiweyo kodwa oluqinisekisiweyo. Yiya kwiziganeko apho unokudibana khona namagosa nabanye abagcini-mathiriyeli. Landela emva kweentlanganiso zokuqala ukugcina unxulumano.
Khumbula ukuba ulwalamano lungaphinda luphinde lujongene. Khangela iindlela zokuxhasa iinjongo zabanye, ukwabelana ngolwazi kunye nobuncwane, kunye negalelo kwimigudu edibeneyo naxa ingeyonto iphambili kuwe. Ukwakha igama njengelungu elithembekileyo, elinolwazi, nelisebenzisanayo kwandisa ukusebenza kwakho ixesha elide.
Unxibelelwano olucwangcisiweyo
Indlela othetha ngayo nento oyithethayo. Tyhila umyalezo wakho kubaphulaphuli, ugxininisa iingongoma ezinokuvakala kubo. Xa uthetha namagosa anyuliweyo, qwalasela indlela izicelo zakho ezisebenza ngayo okanye ezihambelana nezona ziphambili. Xa uthetha noluntu, sebenzisa ulwimi olucacileyo namabali acacisayo abonisa isizathu sokuba le ngxaki inje.
Fakela umyalezo wakho kakuhle xa kunokwenzeka, ugxininisa oko ukuko ngenxa yento ochasene nayo. Nikela izisombululo, hayi ukugxeka nje. Yamkela inkxalabo elungileyo kunye nokurhweba kunokuzilahla.
Sebenzisa imijelo emininzi yonxibelelwano ukufikelela kubantu abahlukahlukeneyo. Izinto ezibhaliweyo, incoko, ijelo leendaba, imithombo yendaba yesithethe, kunye nobungqina basekuhlaleni. Ukuphinda uthethe ngaphesheya kwemijelo kuqinisa isigidimi sakho kwaye kufikelela abantu abasebenzisa amajelo eendaba awahlukahlukeneyo.
Isakhiwo Sokwakhela Imali
Zimbalwa imigudu yokuzikhohlisa ephumelelayo ngesenzo somntu ngamnye. Ukwakha imibutho neminye imibutho kubangela ukuba uxhaphake ngakumbi ngokudibanisa ubuncwane, ubuchule, kunye neenkcubeko. Imibutho ephumelelayo idibanisa amaqabane ahlukeneyo anokudibana namalungu afanayo anokufikelela usukelo olunye enoba aneenjongo ezahlukeneyo okanye aneembono ezahlukeneyo.
Xa wakha imibutho, zichithe ixesha ekuphuhliseni usukelo kunye namaqhinga. Balisa indima negalelo leqabane ngalinye. Lumiseni izitishi zonxibelelwano ezicacileyo kunye neenkqubo zokwenza izigqibo. Iidilesi zidibana ngobuchule xa zivela, zigxininisa kwizinto ezifunwayo kuneendawo ezihlukeneyo.
Izantlukwano eziphumelelayo zibhiyozela iingcinga nezindlela ezahlukeneyo. Amaqabane ahlukeneyo asenokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo okanye agxininise iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zembambano. Ezi ntlobo zinokuqinisa ubuchule ngokufikelela abantu abaninzi nokuxhasa abantu abaninzi.
Ukuzingisa Nomonde
Ukutshintsha inkqubo kunqabile ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza. Abaxhasi abaphumelelayo bahlala bezimisele kwisithuba seenyanga okanye iminyaka, beqhubeka benyanzelisa utshintsho naxa inkqubela ibonakala ihamba kancinci. Yazi ukuba imiqobo iqhelekile kwaye ayithethi kuthi ayiphumeleli. Amaqela amaninzi aphumelelayo enkqubo afumana ukoyiswa okuninzi ngaphambi kokuba ekugqibeleni aphumelele.
Yaphula iinjongo ezinkulu zibe yincopho encinane kwaye ubhiyozele inkqubela-phambili. Oku kunceda ukulondoloza intshukumisa kwaye kubonise amandla kwabaxhasi nabenzi besigqibo. Yahlule imigudu yakho kunye neziphumo zakho zokubonisa inkqubela phambili ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Zigcine ubhetyebhetye kumacebo akho ngexa uhleli uzibophelele kusukelo lwakho. Ukuba enye indlela ayisebenzi, zama iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Funda kuzo zombini impumelelo nokungaphumeleli, qhubeka uphucula ubuchule bakho bobuchule bokufunda kunye nobuchule.
Indima yobuxhakaxhaka Kubandakanyeko LweCubic
Ubuchule bokulawula butshintsha indlela abemi abasebenzisa ngayo inkqubo kawonke-wonke nendlela abasebenzisana ngayo oorhulumente nabantu abakhoyo. Ukuqonda ezi zixhobo kunye neziphumo zazo kunceda abemi balapho bathabathe inxaxheba ngokunempumelelo ngoxa besazi ukuba kukho imiqobo nocelomngeni.
Ukwenziwa kolawulo-melo lwamanani
Ngoku abantu abaninzi basebenzisa iqonga elisebenzisa i-intanethi elivumela abemi ukuba bafumane amagqabaza kwiziphakamiso, bathathe inxaxheba kuphando, baxele iingxaki, babhale nemisebenzi karhulumente. La maqonga anokwenza ukuba inxaxheba ifikeleleke ngakumbi ngokuvumela ukuganana ekhaya ngamaxesha afanelekileyo.
Noko ke, amaqonga amanani anokwenza imiqobo emitsha kubemi abangenabuchule bokufumana ulwazi kwi-intanethi okanye bokubhala amanani. Idemokhrasi yezobugcisa ifuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zekhompyutha zifakelwe kwizixhobo zekhompyutha kunokuba zithathe indawo yeendlela zokuthatha inxaxheba zesithethe kwaye kwenziwa imigudu yokuvala ulwahlulo lwamanani.
Imithombo yezoshishino nokulungelelaniswa
Amaqonga eenkqubo zoluntu avumela ukwabelana ngolwazi olukhawulezileyo, ukulungelelanisa uluntu, nokuzilungiselela kwiinkqubo. Abahlali bangakhawuleza balumkise abanye ngenkqubela-phambili ebalulekileyo, balungelelanise imigudu, baze bakhe inkxaso kwizikhundla eziphakamileyo zenkqubo. Abasemagunyeni basebenzisa ngokuqhubekayo ijelo-thelekelelo lokunxibelelana nabameli nokuhlola uluvo lukawonke-wonke.
Isantya kunye nokufikelela kwe-intanethi yezentlalo kusenokuba namandla, kodwa ikwanengxaki. I-Misprociation isasazeka ngokukhawuleza, iingxubusho zenkqubo ezicacileyo zingancitshiswa zibe ziziqubulo ezigqithisileyo, kwaye intetho ye-intanethi ingaba yeyodwa nengakhuthaziyo. Sebenzisa ijelo-ndaba lobugcisa ngexesha lokugcina intelekelelo echanekileyo, ecacileyo, nentlonelo.
Ugcino-lwazi kunye nokubonisa ngaphaya
Ubugcisa bunceda oorhulumente ukuba bafumane uninzi lweenkcazelo ezifumaneka ekuhleni, ukususela kuqingqo-mali nokuchitha imali ukuya kutsho kumlinganiselo wolwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokunikezelwa kweenkonzo. Amanyathelo olwazi avulekileyo avumela abemi, abaphandi, neentatheli ukuba bahlolisise ukusebenza kukarhulumente baze bagcine amagosa etyala.
Ukufunda ukufikelela nokuchaza ugcino-lwazi lukawonke-wonke kuphucula ukusebenza kwakho. Uluntu oluninzi lunika amazibuko ogcino-lwazi apho abemi bakhona banokuphanda ulwazi ngemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo karhulumente. Iintlangano ezifana zisebenza ukuze zenze ugcino-lwazi lukarhulumente lufikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye lube luncedo kwingingqi yebutho lesizwe.
Iintlanganiso Zenyani Nenxaxheba Kude
Isifo se-COVOID-19 se-over esikhawulezileyo sokusetyenziswa kobugcisa benyani beentlanganiso, kuvumela abemi ukuba babe nenxaxheba kwiintlanganiso zasekuhlaleni ezikude. Oku kuye kwenza ukuba abantu abaninzi bangenelwe ngakumbi, ingakumbi abo baneengxaki zokuhamba, iingxaki zezithuthi, okanye abacwangcisa ukulwa.
Njengoko abantu besenza iimodeli ezidityanisiweyo ezidityaniswe ngokudibeneyo nezinenxaxheba, bamele bakhuthaze iindlela eziqinisekisa ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abakude banokuba nenxaxheba ngokupheleleyo, kuquka ukukwazi ukubona iintetho ngokucacileyo, ukuva iingxubusho, nokunika amagqabaza ngokulinganayo nababekho.
Ukuqonda Urhwebo lwenkqubo kunye nokuntsonkotha
Ukuganana okunempumelelo kwezentlalo kufuna ukuqaphela ukuba izigqibo ezininzi zenkqubo zibandakanya ukurhweba nokuntsonkotha. Izisombululo ezilula kwiingxaki ezintsonkothileyo zinqabile, kwaye imigaqo enceda amanye amaqela ingawaphazamisa amanye. Ukuphuhlisa ukuqondwa okuntsonkothileyo kwezi zixhobo zinamandla kukwenza ube ngummeli ophumelelayo nothembekileyo.
Ukuqoba Imilinganiselo Nezinto Eziza Kuqala
Iingxoxo zemigaqo zidla ngokubonisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo nezinto eziza kuqala kuneemeko ezilula. Abanye abantu basenokubeka indawo yokuqala kumalungelo omntu ngamnye ngezinto zempahla ngoxa abanye begxininisa kwintlalo-ntle edibeneyo. Abanye basenokukuxabisa ukukhula kwezoqoqosho ngaphezu kokhuseleko lwemeko-bume ngoxa abanye besenokuziguqula ezona zinto ziphambili. Abanye basenokucinga ngeendleko ezikhawulezileyo ngoxa abanye becinga ngeengenelo zexesha elide.
Kunokucinga ukuba abo bangavumelaniyo nabo bangenalwazi okanye abaqhelisela ukholo olubi, zama ukuqonda imilinganiselo nenkxalabo yabo esisiseko. Funa izicombululo ezikhuthaza imilinganiselo emininzi okanye ezamkelekileyo.
Imiphumo Engacwangciswanga
Imigaqo eqinisekiswe kakuhle maxa wambi ivelisa iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga ezinciphisa usukelo lwazo okanye zibangele iingxaki ezintsha. Ulawulo lwentengiso olucetyelwe ukulondoloza ukulingana kwemali lunganciphisa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu. Imimiselo yokusingqongileyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela ubuncwane bendalo inganyusa iindleko zamashishini amancinane. Amanyathelo okuthoba ukhuseleko oluphucukileyo kwisitrato esinye asenokunyanzela iinqwelo-tram ukuya kwezinye imimandla.
Xa uvavanya izindululo zenkqubo, qwalasela iziphumo ezingacwangciswanga. Jonga amava avela kwezinye iindawo eziye zasebenzisa iinkqubo ezifanayo.
Izilondolozi Zikavimba
Ubuncwane bukarhulumente bulinganiselwe, bufuna ukhetho olunzima malunga nezinto eziza kuqala. Ukuxhasa enye inkqubo kungathetha ukusika enye. Ukukhupha amapolisa amaninzi kusenokufuna ukunciphisa ugcino lwepaki. Ukwakha izikolo ezintsha kusenokufuna ukuba kufuneke ukuba kulungiswe iindlela.
Xa ukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwemali eninzi kwimibandela yakho ephambili, vuma ukuba kukho imiqathango yogcino-mali kwaye uchaze isizathu sokuba izicelo zakho zifanele zithatyathwe kuqala. Cinga ngokubeka imithombo ethile yengeniso okanye uqingqo-mali olufuna imali engakumbi kunokufuna nje imali engakumbi. Qonda umongo woqingqo-mali ukuze uchaze iingxoxo ezicacileyo ngezinto eziza kuqala.
Ukusebenzisa Ucelomngeni
Imigaqo evakala ilungile ekwakunzima ukuyisebenzisa. Ukuzalisekisa kudinga ukuba kubekho abasebenzi abafanelekileyo, imali, ubuchule bobugcisa, kunye nokuthanda kwezobupolitika.
Xa ukhuthaza iinkqubo ezintsha, qwalasela imfuneko yokuzalisekisa kunye nocelomngeni. Zimisele izicwangciso zokuphumeza ezifanelekileyo ngobuncwane obufanelekileyo kunye nemigca yexesha. Hlala ubandakanyekile ngexesha lokuzalisekisa ukunceda ukucombulula iingxaki kwaye uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo iphumeza iinjongo zayo.
Ukwenza Utshintsho Oluhlala Luhleli
Ukubotshwa kwemibutho yezentlalo okunempumelelo kudlulela ngaphaya kokuphumelela kumadabi omgaqo-siseko womntu ngamnye ukuze kwakhiwe ukuphucula uluntu nokuthabatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi.
Ukwakha Izakhiwo Zombini
Imimandla ephakamileyo ixhaphakile iquka imibutho ephambili yoluntu, imibutho engazifumani ngeniso, amaqela ezoshishino, nemibutho echubekileyo.
Ukuxhasa izibonelelo zoluntu ngokudibanisa nokunikela kwimibutho yoluntu. Zibonelele ngexesha nobuchule bakho, nikela inkxaso yemali ukuba kunokwenzeka, kwaye ukhuthaze abanye ukuba babe nenxaxheba. Imibutho yoluntu eqinileyo iyila isiseko sokuphucula ulawulo lwexesha elide noluntu.
Ukuvelisa Iinkokeli Ezitsha
Ukuganana okuzinzileyo kufuna ukuba kuqhubeke kusenziwa iinkokeli ezintsha ezinokuqhubela phambili imigudu yokuphucula uluntu. Abameli abanamava bafanele bacebise abatsha, babelane ngolwazi nobuchule, baze bavule amathuba okuvelisa iinkokeli ezisandul ’ ukuvela ukuze zithabathe imbopheleleko engakumbi.
Uphuhliso lokhokelo kufuneka luqulunqe, luzabalazele ukufikelela kumaqela angaphantsi kwe-asethi, lususe imiqobo ukuze luthathe inxaxheba. Ukhokelo olugqwethekileyo luzisa iimbono ezahlukeneyo, amava, kunye nonxulumano oluqinisa ubugxwayiba boluntu nokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zibonakalisa uludwe olupheleleyo lweemfuno zoluntu.
Ukomeleza Iidemokhrasi
Idemokhrasi ixhomekeke kwizithethe ezihlukeneyo eziquka ukuhlonela iimbono ezahlukeneyo, ukuzibophelela enyanisweni, ukwamkela ukungavisisani okufanelekileyo, nokuvuma ukulalanisa. Le migaqo igcinwa ngokuqhelisela nangomzekelo.
Izithethe zedemokhrasi ezifuziselayo kwimibutho yakho yoluntu. Thetha nabo bangavumelaniyo, basekele iimpikiswano ngezibakala nangobungqina, bavume izinto ezizizo ngokweembono ezahlukeneyo, baze bafune izinto abavumelana ngazo. Baxeleleni ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuphulwa kwemigaqo yedemokhrasi ngoxa nigcina ubundlobongela. Tyekela utshintsho oluqinisa iinkqubo zedemokhrasi neenkqubo.
Ukubhiyozela Impumelelo Nokufunda Kwisilele
Ukuxhasa izifungo zoluntu ngexesha elithile kufuna ukubhiyozela impumelelo nokufunda kwiintsilelo. Xa imigudu yokuqhatha iphumelela, vuma igalelo labo bonke ababandakanyekileyo nokubhengeza impumelelo yokukhuthaza abanye yaye ubonisa ukuba ukuba nenxaxheba kuyawenza umahluko.
Xa imigudu isilela, qwalasela oko kwenzekayo ngaphandle kokubeka ityala. Ngawaphi amaqhinga asebenzayo nangazange asebenze? Yintoni enokwenziwa ngokwahlukileyo kwixesha elizayo? Yintoni eyafundwa eya kuzisa imigudu yexesha elizayo? Ukuthatha izinto eziphazamisayo njengoko amathuba okufunda enza ululazeko kwaye aphucule ubuchule bexesha elizayo.
Oovimba Bokufunda Ngokuqhubekayo
Ukuganana ngokunempumelelo kuyinto eqhubekayo yokufunda.
I-website yakho yengingqi okanye yengingqi, enikela inkcazelo malunga nesakhiwo sikarhulumente, ucwangciso lweentlanganiso, amaxwebhu eenkqubo, kunye nolwazi lokuqhagamshelana namagosa. Ithala lakho leencwadi likawonke-wonke lisoloko linezibonelelo ezimalunga norhulumente wasekuhlaleni kwaye linganikela iinkqubo zokubophelela ibutho labantu. Amaphephandaba neewebhusayithi zengingqi zasekuhlaleni zichaza inkqubela yenkqubo yoluntu, zinikezele ngemibandela yentlalo.
Imibutho ejolise kwimibutho ejongene nokuganana kwezentlalo, amathuba okusebenzisa iiwebhusayithi, nokuxhasa imigudu yokulawula iziyobisi. Ezi ziquka izahluko zemibutho yasekuhlaleni efana noManyano lwaMasipala, imibutho esekuhlaleni, amaqela ajongene nokukhutshwa kwemali-mvumelwano, okanye iziko loluntu.
Imibutho yesizwe inika ubuncwane obusetyenziswa kuluntu kuyo yonke indawo. ISixeko/Intlangano Yolawulo yeInternational/Iphondo] inika ulwazi malunga noqheliselo oluhle lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Amaziko eAcademic asoloko ejolise iziko kwimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente kunye nesivumelwano soluntu esivelisa uphando nezinto zokufundisa ezinokufumaneka kuluntu ngokubanzi.
Iizifundo zekhompyutha kunye neeWebinar ngemibandela efana nohlalutyo lwenkqubo kawonke-wonke, ukulungelelaniswa koluntu, kunye nobuchule bokurhweba ngezakhono, ngokufuthi kuxhomekeke kwixabiso eliphantsi okanye elikhululekileyo. Iintlanganiso zoochwepheshe kwimimandla efana nokucwangcisa, ulawulo lukawonke-wonke, kunye nophuhliso loluntu zinika oovimba bemfundo abanokukwazisa ngeendawo ezithile zemigaqo-nkqubo ethile.
Iincwadi ezithetha ngokuganana kwebutho loluntu, ukulungelelanisa uluntu, kunye nenkqubo kawonke wonke zinikela uhlolisiso olunzulu kule mibandela. Jonga imisebenzi yababhali abanjengoRobert Putnam ekuthabatheni inxaxheba kwezentlalo, uSaul Alinsky ngokulungiselela uluntu, nababhali abahlukahlukeneyo kwimibandela ethile ebangel ’ umdla kuwe.
Ukuthabatha Inyathelo Lokuqala
Ukuqonda inkqubo kawonke-wonke kunye nempembelelo yayo kuluntu lwakho kusekuqalekeni. Amandla okwenyaniso afumaneka ngokuguqulela ulwazi kwisenzo. Akuyomfuneko ukuba ube ngumxhasi wexesha elipheleleyo okanye ingcali yenkqubo ukwenza umahluko. Kwanezenzo ezincinci, xa zithatyathwa ngabahlali abaninzi, zingaphembelela ngokuphawulekayo iziphumo zoluntu.
Qala ngokukhetha umxholo obalulekileyo kuwe nohlobo olunye lokuganana olufanelana nezilangazelelo zakho nocwangciso. Mhlawumbi uzakuya kwintlanganiso yebhunga lesixeko ukuze ubonise indlela esebenza ngayo. Mhlawumbi uzakumthumela ilungu lebhunga lakho ngenkxalabo ethile. Ungadibanisa umbutho wongingqi okanye utyikitye iposi yesixeko sakho ukuze uhlale uxelelwe ngenkqubela-nkqubo.
Njengoko ufumana amava nentembelo, unokunikela ubungqina ekuchotshelweni kwabantu, ubandakanyeke kwiphulo lobugqwirha, okanye ucinge ngokubalekela ibhodi okanye uthumo. Inyathelo ngalinye likhulisa ubuchule nolwazi olukwenza uphumelele ngakumbi.
Khumbula ukuba ukuganana kwebutho loluntu asiyombopheleleko nje yomntu ngamnye kodwa kukuzama ukudibanisa iziko. Khuthaza abahlobo, intsapho nabamelwane ukuba babandakanyeke. Xelanani inkcazelo ngemibandela ebalulekileyo namathuba okuba nenxaxheba. xhasa abanye abathabatha inxaxheba, kwanokuba izinto eziphambili zabo zahlukile kwezenu. Ibutho labantu eliqinileyo lakhiwa ngemigudu edibeneyo yabemi abaza kuhlala kunye nabo abanyamekela ikamva labo.
Umgaqo-nkqubo kawonke-wonke ulawula uluntu esihlala kulo, kodwa abemi balo babumba inkqubo kawonke-wonke. Ngokuqonda indlela inkqubo esebenza ngayo, ukuhlala wazi ngemibandela, nokuzibandakanya neenkqubo zedemokhrasi, unokukunceda ukudala uluntu olubonakalisa imilinganiselo yakho kwaye oluhlangabezana neemfuno zabo bonke abemi. Umbuzo asikokuba ungenza umahluko kusini na, kodwa ngumahluko oya kukhetha ukuwenza.