Ukwazisa: IBhili Yamalungelo Njengesikhuselo Sommi

UMgaqo-siseko waseUnited States, kunye neBhili yamaLungelo, umisela isiseko somthetho esikhusela abantu ekuphathweni ngurhulumente ngexesha lolwaphulo-mthetho naxa kusenziwa imicimbi yasekuhlaleni. Le migaqo yokhuseleko asiyomigaqo engacacanga ```imigaqo enyanzelekileyo) elawula indlela amapolisa, abatshutshisi, nabatshutshisi, kunye neenkundla ezinokuthi zijonge ngayo nabani na otyholwa ngesenzo sobubi. Kuba abemi balapho, bayawaqonda la malungelo angundoqo wokuzikhusela ekuchaseni okungekho sikweni; kwiingcali zezo zomthetho, zingunobumba wesiseko wesiseko. Eli nqaku lihlola ukhuseleko olungundoqo olungundoqo lwesine, lwesihlanu, lwesiBhovisi yeSihlanu, neMiyesibhozo iMimiselo echaza indlela izigqibo zeNkundlalo Ephakamileyo eziye zayitshintsha ngayo intsingiselo yazo yonke imihla ngemihla.

Imboniselo yamaLungelo omGaqo-siseko kwinkqubela-phambili yomthetho

Amalungelo asetyenziswayo ebudeni bezomthetho afunyanwa ngokuyintloko kwizindululo zokuqala ezilishumi zotshintsho kuMgaqo-siseko, obizwa ngokuba yiBhili yamaLungelo. Ezi zindululo zongezwa ngo-1791 ukuphendula inkxalabo yokuba urhulumente omtsha ungaba namandla kakhulu. Ukutyhubela iinkulungwane, iNkundla ePhakamileyo iye yawatolika la malungiselelo ngemithetho yengqalelo, idla ngokwandisa umlinganiselo wayo wokusebenza koorhulumente kanye kanye (inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Prentelliontion ed Amedimenti). Isiphumo yinkqubo efuna urhulumente omtsha ukuba alandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, ahlonele isidima somntu ngamnye, kwaye aphephe isohlwayo ngokungenalusini.

Ukuqonda la malungelo kuba inkqubo esemthethweni ingumthetho: urhulumente uzisa ubuncwane bakhe ukuze amelane nomntu othile. UmGaqo-siseko ulinganisa indawo yokudlala ngokunika abamangalelwa izixhobo ezithile ngokunika abamangalelwayo zixhobo ezikhethekileyo `njengelungelo lokuthula, ilungelo kwigqwetha, nelungelo lokuvavanya ubungqina. Ngaphandle kwezi zikhuseli, ingozi yokunyanzelwa, ukuvuma izono ngokunyanzelekile, kunye nophengululo olutsha luza kuba lukhulu.

IziHlanziso eziPhambili zoMgaqo-siseko Zokulondoloza Amalungelo

Iziphelo ezine zinxulumene ngokukhethekileyo netyala elingokwasemthethweni.

  • [[NTL: 0] UHlaliso lweNkqutyana: lukhusela ekuphengululweni okungaqikeleliyo nokuxhuzula. Imisela umthetho ongagqibekanga wokuba amapolisa afune isiqinisekiso esisekelwe kwisizathu esinokwenzeka sokuphendla ikhaya lakho, imoto okanye umzimba wakho.
  • [[NTL:0] ISichibiyelo seNtloko seFifith: iqinisekisa inkqubo efunekayo yomthetho, ikhusela ekuzibekeni ngokwayo (ilungelo lokuhlala uthulile), kwaye ithintele ubungozi obuphindwe kabini kunye nommandla obalulekileyo ngaphandle kwembuyiselo nje.
  • IsiHlalisi-mda se-xxte: iqinisekisa ilungelo lokuchotshelwa kwetyala elikhawulezayo nelinowonke wonke, umgwebi ongakhethi buso, isaziso setyala, ukukwazi ukujamelana namangqina, nelungelo lokululekwa ngokusemthethweni.
  • [[UMTL: 0] Ukuhlaziywa koMphetho-mda: Izambulo zebheyile, intlawulo egqithisileyo, kunye nengqeqesho ezikhohlakeleyo nezingaqhelekanga.

Ezi zindululo azisebenzi ngokuzikhetha. Ziyasebenzisana kwaye ziyaqinisana. Ngokomzekelo, ukwaphulwa koMthetho wesine (ukufuna okusemthethweni) kunokukhokelela ekucinyweni kobungqina phantsi kwengxelo efunekayo yenkqubo yeSihlanu SoMthetho-wiso-mthetho, kwaye ilungelo leSithandathu lokucebisa abamangalelwa linokubacel ’ umngeni.

UMthetho Wesine Wokwenziwa Komhlaba: Ukukhuselwa Kuphando Olungekho Lubulumko

ISihlaziyo sesine soMphetho-mvandedwa siyinto yokuqala engundoqo abemi abadibana nayo xa beqhubana nokugcinwa komthetho. Ithi: “Ilungelo labantu lokunqabiseka kubantu babo, kwizindlu, kumaphepha, nakwiziphumo, nxamnye nokuphandwa okungekho ngqiqweni nokuxhuzula, aliyi kuphulwa, kwaye akukho namnye umxhasi oya kupapashwa, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esilindelekileyo, esixhaswa nguOath okanye ingqinisekiso, kwaye ngokukodwa ukuchaza indawo emele iphenjelelwe, kunye nabantu okanye izinto eziza kuthinjwa.”

Izinto Ezinokusetyenziswa Nesizathu Esifanelekileyo

Kumthombo wayo, iSichimi-Mpanzi sesine sifuna ukuba ukuphengulula nokubanjwa kube sengqiqweni. Umlinganiselo wegolide wolwazelelelo yisiqinisekiso esikhutshwe ngumgwebi okanye imantyi ongathathi cala-cawayo ngenxa yesizathu esilindelekileyo. Isizathu esicacileyo sithetha ukuba kukho ubuchule obufanelekileyo. (okungaphezulu kokukrokrela nje kuphela kodwa obungaqinisekiyo) ubungqina bolwaphulo-mthetho obuza kufumaneka. Isiqinisekiso kufuneka sicace: asigunyazi ummeli jikelele orhwebela ngempahla yomntu.

Abahlukileyo Kwimfuneko Engummangaliso

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, iNkundla ePhakamileyo iye yamkela iimeko ezininzi apho imvume ingafunwayo. Ezi zimvo zibalulekile kumthetho kodwa zikwayila iindawo ezingwevu abamangalelwa. Ezi zinto ziqhele ukuquka:

  • Imvume:[ Ukuba umntu uyavuma ngokuzithandela kuphendlo, akukho mvume ifunekayo. Imvume kufuneka inikwe ngokukhululekileyo, hayi inyanzeliswe.
  • Isiganeko sokukhangela ukubanjwa: Emva kokubanjwe ngokusemthethweni, amapolisa angaphengulula indawo ekufuphi yobanjwayo ukuze afumane izixhobo okanye ubungqina.
  • Imboniselo yoPlato: Ukuba umphathi ubona izinto ezingekho mthethweni ngokucacileyo kwinqaku le-engile elisemthethweni, banokuzibamba ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso.
  • Iimeko eziqikeleleyo: Ingxamiseko enjengeyokusukela ngokushushu, ukutshabalalisa okusemnyango kobungqina, okanye isisongelo kukhuseleko lungathethelela uphendlo olungagunyaziswanga.
  • [[UMTL:0] Umahluko ozenzekelayo wenqwelo - mafutha: Amapolisa angaphendla imoto ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso ukuba anokuba nesizathu esinokwenzeka sokukholelwa ukuba iqulethe ubungqina bolwaphulo-mthetho.
  • Ukuma kwe-Tertuli: okusengqiqweni ukukrokra kolwaphulo-mthetho kuvumela umphathi ukuba abambe itoliki aze akhuphe umntu ngezixhobo.

Ezi zinxaxhi azizikhuphi ngokukhululekileyo kumapolisa. Iinkundla zihlolisisa ukuba izenzo zegosa zazisengqiqweni na. Ubungqina obufunyenweyo ngokuphengululwa okungekho ngqiqweni busoloko bungaqukwa ekuvavanyweni phantsi komthetho wobugcibo obungekho mthethweni , obumiselwe Mapp v. Ohio [1961]]). Lo mthetho usebenza njengesithintelo kwihambo engafanelekanga yamapolisa, nangona abagxeki benokuthi ivumele abamangalelwa abanetyala bahambe ngokukhululekileyo.

Ukuze ungene nzulu kumthetho wesi-4 WesiHlaziyo, tyelela Cornell Legal Information Institute’s Folete Amendment compression

IsiHlaliso sesihlanu: Inkqubo efanelekileyo nokuzithethelela

IsiHlanziso sesihlanu siqulethe iindidi eziliqela ezinxulumeneyo: imfuneko ezukileyo yabachopheli-tyala abanzulu betyala, ukwalela iingozi eziphindwe kabini, ilungelo elichasene nokuzithethelela, ukuqinisekiswa kwenkqubo efanelekileyo, nokuvalwa kokuthatha impahla yabucala ngaphandle kwentlawulo nje. Kwizindululo ezingokwasemthethweni, ezona zicatshulwa zikhulu zichazwe zinguMthetho kaClausle kunye noNkquluno loLuntu Claus.

Inkqubo eCwangcisiweyo neQeqesho

Inkqubo efanelekileyo ithetha ukuba urhulumente kufuneka alandele iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo phambi kokuba ahluthe umntu wobomi, inkululeko, okanye impahla. ifuna isaziso, ithuba lokuvikitywa, kunye nomphathi wesigqibo sobundindindi. Umzekelo, ummangalelwa ovavanyiweyo kwityala lolwaphulo-mthetho kufuneka axelelwe ngetyala, anikwe ixesha lokulungiselela ingqwalaselo, kwaye avunyelwe ukuba anike ubungqina obukhoyo. isixokelelwano sokuzikhusela [[[FLT:] kunye nomthetho wobucala] ukhusela amalungelo athile angundoqo obuqu nowenyama ngaphandle kokuba kukho isizathu esigunyazisayo. Iimeko ezifana [FLT:[5]

Ilungelo Lokuhlala Uthule (Ukwahlukana Ngesondo)

Mhlawumbi esona siHlamli soMphengululo sidumileyo silungelo elichasene nokunyanzelwa kokuzinyanzela: “Akukho mntu... oya kunyanzelwa nakweliphi na icala lolwaphulo-mthetho ukuba abe lingqina lakhe.” Oku kuthetha ukuba abatshutshisi abanakunyanzela ummangalelwa ukuba anikele ubungqina, kwaye amapolisa akanakunyanzela ukuvuma izono. Isigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo imanda v. Arizona (1966) zakha isikhuseli esikhethekileyo sommangaliso: phambi kokuncinwa kwegunya, amapolisa amele azise abakrobe ngamalungelo awo okuhlala ethulileyo kunye nelungelo lawo lokuhlala bengekho sigqeqe. Izindululo ezifunyenwe ngaphandle kwezi zilumkiso [[FLT:] [FLD] [FFT]] [12]]

Noko ke, ilungelo aliphelelanga. Lisebenza kuphela kubungqina obungqinelana nobungqina obuphathekayo, kungekhona ubungqina obubonakalayo obufana neDNA, iminwe yomgca wesithoba, okanye isampuli yegazi. Kwakhona, ummangalelwa okhetha ukungqina kufuneka aphendule imibuzo xa evavanywa ngokunqamleza. Eli lungelo linokulahlwa ukuba lowo ukrokrelekileyo uthetha ngokuzithandela ngaphandle kokucela ukucela.

I-Jeopardy ephindwe kabini

IsiHlanziso sesihlanu sikwathintela umntu ukuba avavanywe kabini ngenxa yolwaphulo-mthetho olunye emva kokugwetywa okanye ukugwetywa. Eli binzana likhusela ekuhlushweni ngurhulumente kwaye liqinisekisa ukugqibela. Noko ke, kukho okungafaniyo: isenzo esinye sisenokuphula yomibini imithetho karhulumente nekarhulumente, sivumele amatyala ahlukeneyo (imfundiso yokwahlukana”). Ngaphezu koko, ukumangalelwa okanye isibheno sommangalelwa akulinganisi ingozi ephindwe kabini.

Kwimeko eninzi yomthetho wokwahlula kunye nenkqubo efunekayo, bona iProject [[FLT: 0]Oyez yengqokelela yamatyala oHlaziso lwesihlanu [[FLT: 1].

IsiHlanzi Sesithandathu: Amalungelo Abamangalelwayo

ISindululo seSithandathu soMthetho waBantwana sabhalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iinkundla zezaphuli-mthetho zifanelekile kwaye zithe zwabha.

Ityala elikhawulezileyo nelasekuhlaleni

Ilungelo lokuvavanya ngokukhawuleza lithintela urhulumente ekubenimba umntu kwiminyaka engaphambili, onokuthi wonakalise ubomi kunye nengcinezelo yabamangalelwa ukuba banxulumane netyala. Iinkundla zilungelelanise ubude bokulibaziseka, isizathu salo, enoba ummangalelwa ugxininisa ekunene, nokuba ukulibaziseka kubangele ikhethe kusini na. Ulibaziseko olungaphezulu konyaka luthathwa “njengelishwa.” Ukulibaziseka kwityala likawonke-wonke-wonke kuqinisekisa ukuba ityala likhanyaziwe kwaye uluntu lunokuyigcina isigwebo.

I Juli Engakhethi Buso

Abachopheli-mgwebi boontanga bakho kufuneka bangacaluli, okuthetha ukuba abagwebi abamele babe notyekelo oluthe ngqo ngetyala okanye ummangalelwa. Ngexesha lokukhetha (ukutshaya), omabini amacala angavavanya abachopheli-juji abanokuba noxanduva (umz., ulwalamano lwentsapho nexhoba) okanye asebenzise isibetho sokuzithethelela (inani elilinganiselweyo leempikiswano ngaphandle kokucaciswa). Iqumrhu labachophi bejaji kufuneka limele icandelo elifanelekileyo lengiswano.

Ukufanelekela Icebiso

Umzekelo ophawulayo Gideon v. Wainwright (63) waqinisekiswa ukuba amatyala kufuneka anikeze igqwetha nabani na ummangalelwa ongomeleyo obekwa ityala ngetyala. Kamva landiswe eli lungelo lokuphatha iintambo ezithwele ixesha lokuvalelwa. Icebo lokuququzelela ityala kumaqondo abalulekileyo, kuquka ukuncinwa kwetyala, ukuvavanywa kweminxeba, ukuvavanywa, kwanoncedo olusebenzayo lwesiluleko lukwafuneka; ukuba umsebenzi wegqwetha ungaphantsi komgangatho wobuchule nekhethelo, umShuleti uyakwazi ukuphumelela ukuphumelela ukuvavanywa okutsha.

Ujongo kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wokunyanzelisa

IBhakela-mkhosi uClaus unika abamangalelwa ilungelo lokujamelana nabamangaleli babo enkundleni nakumangqina anqamlezayo. Oku kuthintela urhulumente ukuba asebenzise iingxelo zenkundla ezingekhoyo ngamangqina ngaphandle kokuba ummangalelwa ube nethuba langaphambili lokunqumla i-examine. ICFekster Process Claus Claus ivumela ummangalelwa ukuba afumane amangqina kunye nobungqina bokuxhasa.

Ukuhlaziywa okunzulu kweSithandathu IsiHlanzi soHlaziyo, funda iCornell LII Isithandathu sokungenisa ulwandiso-Mbembo[[FLT: 1]

Uhlaziyo Lwesibhozo: Ukukhuselwa Kwisohlwayo Esinenkohlakalo

Umbhalo wesiH.S. Amenduleji-mthetho ufutshane: “Ibheyile yemithetho ayizukufunwa, okanye ihlawulwe ngokugqithisileyo, okanye isohlwayo esinenkohlakalo nesingaqhelekanga esibekiweyo.” Nangona isohlwayo esingunongxamiseko, ichaphazela kakhulu yonke into ukususela ekuvalweni kwetyala ukuya kwisohlwayo sokufa.

Ingxaki Egqithiseleyo

Injongo yebheyile kukuqinisekisa ukuba ummangalelwa ubuyelela ukumangalelwa, hayi ukohlwaya umntu ocingelwa ukuba umsulwa. UMthetho ohlaziyiweyo ufuna ukuba ibheyile ingabalwanga kakhulu ngenxa yeemeko zemali zommangalelwa kunye nobungozi bokubhabha. Noko ke, iNkundla ePhakamileyo ikholelwa ukuba urhulumente ungabakhanyela ngokupheleleyo abamangalelwa abayingozi okanye abo basenokuba bangabaleki, lo gama nje ukukhanyela kusekelwe ekuchotshelweni okufanelekileyo. Ngoku amazwe amaninzi asebenzisa izixhobo eziyingozi ukumisela ibhetri, nangona abagxeki bephikisa ukuba ezi zinokuba yingozi ngokupheleleyo abamangalelwa abanobuhlanga nabanqophi nako.

Isohlwayo Esinenkohlakalo Nesothusayo

Le mithetho imisela imiqathango kunye nobukhulu besohlwayo. INkundla Ephakamileyo ibambelele kwisigwebo sokufa singekho simini emiselwe iindidi ezithile: abantwana (kunye ngo18, abantu abaneziphene zobulumko, kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olungabandakanyeki kubulala. INkundla ikwalela isohlwayo esingenakuthelekiswa naso, njengakwityala lesigwebo sobomi ngenxa yesenzo solwaphulo-mthetho esingaphazanyiswanga. Ngaphezu koko, iSeth Amendmentment iyalwa ingxushushushumbisa kunye nezinye iindlela ezithobxiweyo zokubulala. Umlinganiselo “okruquzelo nolu , upheliswa yimilinganiselo yebutho labantu eguqukayo, ekhokelwa“ yimilinganiselo eguquguqukayo ebonakalisa inkqubela yoluntu.”

Ukudityaniswa kwale mihla kuvavanya iimeko zentolongo `njengengxinano egqithisileyo, ukungoneli kwempilo, nokuvalelwa wedwa'.) njengokohlwaywa okungekho mthethweni. Umzekelo, Brown v. Plata (2011) wayalela iKhalifoniya ukunciphisa inani labemi bayo basentolongweni ngenxa yokuba ukuvaleka kakhulu kukhokelela ekucocelweni.

Ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nomthetho wesiHlawulo soMgqibo, tyelela indlela aqwalaselwa ngayo amatyala enkohlakalo nangaqhelekanga omohlwayo.

Impembelelo Yezigqibo Zenkundla Ephakamileyo

Indima yeNkundla Ephakamileyo ekutolikeni umGaqo-siseko ayinakuchazwa ngokugqithileyo. Ngemimiselo yeziganeko eziphawulekayo, iNkundla iye yasebenzisa ezi zindululo kurhulumente, yayila imigaqo yemibutho, yaza yazisa ukhuseleko oluthe lwandiswa kwiimeko ezintsha. Nawa amatyala awongezelelekileyo ummi ngamnye afanele awazi:

  • [[NKQUBO:0] Miranda v. Arizona (1966): Kuyimfuneko ukuba amapolisa acebise amalungelo awo okukrokrelela esihlanu neyeSithandathu phambi kokuncinwa kwegunya.
  • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963): imisele ilungelo lokucebisa abamangalelwa abangenwayo kuvavanyo lwetyala likarhulumente.
  • [Umthetho] Mapp v.Oo (1961): Wasebenzisa umthetho owenziwe ngumthetho oweqayo ukuya kumazwe, wavala ubungqina obufunyenwe ngokuphendla okungekho mthethweni.
  • Terry v.Oo (1968): Amapolisa avunyelwe ukumisa nokukhulula abantu abathe bacingelwa ngokusengqiqweni, ukulinganisa amalungelo eSine Solawulo kunye nokhuseleko lwamapolisa.
  • Furman v. Georgia (1972] kunye Greg v. Georgia [19976]: Eyokuqala yasibulala isohlwayo sokufa njengendlela ezenzekelayo, yandula ke yasivumela phantsi kwemimiselo emitsha egoqweni.
  • Roper v. Simmons[FL:1] (2005): Yavala isohlwayo sokufa kolutsha olungaphantsi kwe 18.
  • Berger v. New York (1967) kunye Katz v. United States [1967]]: Ukhuseleko lweSindululo sesine esandisiweyo kukhangelo lwe-elektroniki, olufuna iimfuno zokumpompa.

Ityala ngalinye elakhelwe kwimithetho yangaphambili, ukuvelisa imizekelo echaza inkqubo yolwaphulo - mthetho yale mihla. INkundla iyaqhubeka icombulula ezi mfundiso; umzekelo, izigqibo zakutshanje ziye zathetha ngokuphandwa kwecell phone, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngamapolisa, nokuvalelwa komGaqo-siseko ngaphambi kokuba kuchotshelwe ityala.

Izizathu Ezisebenzisekayo Kubemi

Ukwazi amalungelo akho akwanele, kufuneka ukwazi indlela yokuwasebenzisa kumava okwenene ehlabathi. Nazi iindlela eziluncedo zokuthatha inxaxheba:

  • Ukuba imiwe ngamapolisa: Hlala uzolile, gcina izandla zakho zibonakala, uze ubuze, “Ngaba ndikhululekile ukuya?" Ukuba awubanjwanga, unelungelo lokuhamba (kumaphondo amaninzi). Musa ukuvuma ukuphendla; yithi ngokucacileyo, “Andivumi ukuphendla.”
  • Ukuba ubanjwa: Ilungelo lakho lokuthula ngokuthi, “Ndizakuthi cwaka ndifuna ukubona igqwetha.” Ungaphenduli nayiphi na imibuzo de igqwetha lakho lifike, nokuba amapolisa azama ukukunyanzela.
  • Ngemvume: Ukuba amapolisa ankqonkqoza ngesiqinisekiso sokukhangela, cela ukulubona. Khangela ukuba banoxwebhu olusebenzayo, olutyikitywe ngedilesi elungileyo nezinto ezichazwe. Akufunekanga uzivumele ziphengulule ngaphaya komda wesiqinisekiso, kodwa aziphazamisani ngokoqobo.
  • Ekulingweni: igqwetha lakho lizakukucebisa ukuba unikele ubungqina kusini na. Khumbula ukuba awunakunyanzeleka ukuba unikezele ngokuchasene nawe, kwaye ingtshutshiso ayinakugqabaza ngokuzola kwakho (emva Griffin v. California)).

Ukongezelela, ummi ngamnye kufuneka azi ukuba ilungelo lokucebisa liyasebenza nokuba ungakwazi ukufikelela igqwetha. Kulo naliphi na ityala letyala okanye elinokufakwa entolongweni, inkundla kufuneka imisele icebo xa kuceliwe. Musa ukulichasa eli lungelo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela ngenyameko.

Isiphelo

UmGaqo-siseko awuwaniki amalungelo `ukukhusela amalungelo abantu ngaphambili ekuphazanyisweni ngurhulumente. Okwesine, okweSihlanu, okwesiThathu, kunye nokuLandlwa koMgaqo-nkqubo wesi-8: bamisela inkqubo emanyanisayo yamapolisa, baqinisekisa iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo, baqinisekisa ukuba bafaneleke, kwaye bayayithintela isohlwayo sokutshabhisa. Ezi zikhuselo azinakukhethwa ngokusemthethweni; ziyanyanzelwa ziinkundla, kwaye nakuphi na ukwaphula kunokuthi kukhokelela ekugxothweni kwezityholo, ekucinyweni kobungqina, okanye ekucinyweni ngetyala elitsha.

Kubemi, isigidimi sicacile: Zifundise ngala malungelo, uwagxininise ngentlonelo, ungaze ucinge ukuba ukuhlala uthulile okanye uphengulule ukuphengulula kuza kukwenza ubonakale unetyala. Le nkqubo isebenza kakuhle xa wonk ’ ubani (umgwebi, amagqwetha, amagosa, nabantu ngabanye) ewujonga kakuhle umgaqo-siseko. Njengoko iNkundla ePhakamileyo iqinisekisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ukhuseleko loMgaqo-siseko lukwindawo eqinileyo xa efuneka kakhulu: xa ummangalelwa engathandwa, xa ulwaphulo-mthetho lukhohlakele, kwaye xa uthe unyanzelela umgaqo-mthetho.

Ukukhangela umbhalo opheleleyo weziHlaziya-guqulo kunye nemvelaphi yazo yembali, jonga uVimba woMhla kazwelonke weSikolo saMalungelo kwiphepha