Table of Contents

Ukuqonda uqingqo-mali lwakho lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokubandakanyeka kuluntu lwakho kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba oovimba boluntu basetyenziswa ngokunempumelelo. Ngokungathandabuzekiyo uqingqo-mali lolona xwebhu lubalulekileyo lomgaqo-nkqubo urhulumente wasekuhlaleni awuphumezayo, ukugqiba indlela oovimba boluntu abaza kwabiwa ngayo phakathi kweenkonzo ezinjengokhuseleko lukarhulumente, impilo, ukuhamba, imfundo, kwaye ngaphezulu ngokungaphezulu, ezi zinto zifuneka kuluntu olunempumelelo. Enoba ungummi oxhalabelekileyo, umnini-shishini, okanye inkokeli yoluntu, esazi indlela urhulumente wasekuhlaleni aya kunika ngayo amandla okuba nenxaxheba ngokunentsingiselo kubomi boluntu, nokugcina amagosa anyuliweyo ephendule.

Yintoni Uqingqo - mali LukaRhulumente Wasekuhlaleni?

Uqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni luyiplani ebanzi yemali ethelekelelwayo yengeniso nenkcitho ngexesha elithile lemali, elidla ngokusetyenziswa unyaka omnye. Lucwangciso lwemali karhulumente wasekuhlaleni ngonyaka onyaka, kwaye uqingqo-mali mhlawumbi lolona xwebhu lubalulekileyo lombutho kwaye kufuneka luphuhliswe kusetyenziswa lonke ulwazi lwangoku noluchanileyo olukhoyo. Olu xwebhu lusebenza iinjongo ezininzi ngaphezu komkhondo we-R3,00 nee-sente.

Uqingqo-mali asilocebo nje lemali; lukwaneemfuno ezisemthethweni. Xa luthathiwe, uqingqo-mali luba ligunya elisemthethweni lokusebenzisa imali nerhafu karhulumente. Lumisela imida yokuchitha imali kumasebe ahlukeneyo neenkqubo, lumisela irhafu, lumisela nemali kawonke-wonke ekwabelwa kuyo kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zoluntu.

Uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni nokamasipala lumisela isicwangciso seqhinga nendlela imali esasazwa ngayo kumasebe. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ucwangciso loqingqo-mali, igalelo loluntu, uhlolo lowiso-mthetho, kunye nokugada okuqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba oovimba basetyenziswa ngokunempumelelo kwaye ngokunempumelelo kulo nyaka

ISisakhelo esingokwasemthethweni soHlahlo-mali lwasekuhlaleni

Uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni lusebenza kumgaqo-siseko onzima oquka imithetho yesizwe, iimfuno zomgaqo-siseko, kunye nemithetho yasekuhlaleni. Ingeniso elindeleke ukuba ifumaneke yiyunithi karhulumente kufuneka yanele ukuxhasa isixa sokusebenzisa imali kuqingqo-mali(wwwwwww'amagama, uqingqo-mali kufuneka "lulungelelaniswe". Le mfuneko yoqingqo-mali ilungelelanisiweyo ngumgaqo osisiseko owahlula uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente kucwangciso lwecandelo lemali lwabucala.

Iinkalo ezininzi zemekobume yasekuhlaleni karhulumente ziphenjelelwa yimigangatho ephezulu karhulumente, ngokuyintloko urhulumente wabo norhulumente worhulumente, kunye namagosa kawonke-wonke asekuhlaleni ngokuqhelekileyo anempembelelo encinane kula manqanaba karhulumente kwaye adla ngokusabela kwaye ahambelane nemiyalelo yawo, izibonelelo ezikhoyo, kunye neemfuno ezisemthethweni.

Iintlobo Zohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali

"Inkcazo" ithetha ukuba uqingqo-mali lonyaka ophelileyo lusetyenziswa njengendawo yokuqala uqingqo-mali kunyaka ozayo, kunye neenguquko ezongezelelweyo emacaleni ngokwendlela ingeniso etshintshiweyo. Le ndlela yesithethe ibingumgangatho woorhulumente basekuhlaleni kangangamashumi eminyaka.

"Into esemgceni" uqingqo-mali luthetha ukuba isiqobo esibalulekileyo solwakhiwo loqingqo-mali zizinto zemigca, eziziindidi zamagalelo angenayo ekudluliseleni iinkonzo zikawonke-wonke, ezifana nabasebenzi, iimpahla, kunye neenkonzo zesivumelwano, eziqhekeza zibe ziindidi ezineenkcukacha njengemivuzo nepetroli.

Imisebenzi yale mihla ikhuthaza indlela eqhubekekayo yoqingqo-mali ebangela ukuba ucwangciso, ukuphuhliswa, ukuthathwa komntwana, nokubulawa koqingqo-nkqubo. Le ndlela ijolise kwiziphumo nakwizinto eziphambili zoluntu kunokuba ilungelelanise imigangatho yokusetyenziswa kwemali yangaphambili.

Isizathu Sokuba Uqingqo - mali Lukarhulumente Wasekuhlaleni Lubaluleke

Uqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni lunempembelelo ecacileyo nenzulu kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, nokuba awusoloko uluphawula. Ukususela kwimfundo yabantwana bakho ukuya kwimeko yeendlela ohamba kuzo, ukususela ngexesha longxamiseko ukuya kucoceko lwepaki zakho, phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi basekuhlaleni zibunjwe zizigqibo zoqingqo-mali.

Impembelelo Engqalileyo Kumgangatho Wobomi

Uqingqo-mali lwendawo lumisela umgangatho nomgangatho weenkonzo ezibalulekileyo ozifumanayo. Uqingqo-mali lwemali lugubungela iindleko zokuqhuba isixeko, luhlawula umqeshwa wogutyulo othatha inkunkuma yakho nokufaka izibane kwithala lencwadi lasekuhlaleni. Ezi nkonzo zemihla ngemihla esidla ngokuzithatha lula zifuna ukubhatalwa koqingqo-mali nolwano lwezibonelelo.

Iinkonzo zokhuseleko lukawonke-wonke, kuquka amapolisa, amasebe omlilo, kunye neenkonzo zonyango zongxamiseko, zidla inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni. Inani lamagosa ajikelezayo, imeko yezixhobo zomlilo, kunye nesantya sokuphendula ngongxamiseko zonke zixhomekeke kwizixhobo zoqingqo-mali. Ngokufanayo, ukugcinwa kwengqalelo yesiseko sogcino-zixhobo (ukulungisa amanzi kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha amanzi entweni, nokugcina izakhiwo zikawonke zilungiswe kakuhle.)

Ukuphendula kunye nokubonisa ngaphaya

Ukuba uqingqo-mali lolona xwebhu lubalulekileyo lwenkqubo urhulumente wasekuhlaleni aluvelisayo, ngoko kungoko kungoko kungokokuba uqingqo-mali, ukuba lwenziwe kakuhle, lungabangela ukuthenjwa nguwonke-wonke, kwaye ukusabela kumnqweno woluntu wokufuna utshintsho kufuneke uqingqo-mali lwesithethe olutsha nendlela oorhulumente abanxibelelana ngayo noluntu ngoqingqo-mali.

Uqingqo-mali lusebenza njengesixhobo sokubonisa ngokucacileyo esivumela abemi ukuba babone ukuba ii-dola zabo zerhafu zisetyenziswa njani. Lunika ingxelo ecacileyo ngezinto eziza kuqala kurhulumente kwaye lunceda abavoti ukuba baphendule amagosa anyuliweyo ngezigqibo zabo zemali. Xa amaxwebhu oqingqo-mali efumaneka kwaye eqondakala, banika abemi amandla okuba babe nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi kulawulo lwasekuhlaleni.

Ukuma kakuhle kwezoqoqosho nokucwangcisa

Uqingqo-mali lwezorhwebo olugunyazisiweyo lwengingqi lunegalelo kuzinzo lwezoqoqosho kuluntu lwenu. Luqinisekisa ukuba iinkonzo eziyimfuneko ziyaqhubeka zingaphazamiseki, izibonelelo zigcinwe, kwaye uluntu luyakwazi ukumelana nokuwohloka kwezoqoqosho. Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni babengachatshazelwa kakhulu ziingxaki zengeniso kunokuba bekunjalo kumazwe, ngokwenxalenye ngenxa yozinzo lwerhafu yempahla.

Icandelo elingundoqo loHlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lukaRhulumente wasekuhlaleni

Ukuqonda iinxalenye eziphambili zoqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni kukunceda uqonde amaxwebhu oqingqo-mali uze ube nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kwiingxubusho zoqingqo-mali. Uqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni lunezinto eziliqela ezidityanisiweyo ezisebenza kunye ukwenza umfanekiso opheleleyo wemali.

Ingeniso

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni baxhomekeke kwimijelo yengeniso eyahlukahlukeneyo ukuze baxhase imisebenzi yabo. Ukuxubana kwemithombo yengeniso kuyahluka ngokuphawulekayo kuxhomekeka kwimithetho karhulumente, kwiimeko zezoqoqosho zasekuhlaleni, nakwiempawu zoluntu.

Irhafu Yempahla

Iirhafu zempahla zingumthombo ophambili werhafu kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni, zivelisa malunga nee-dola ezintathu kwezine zasekuhlaleni kwirhafu kulo lonke ilizwe.

Irhafu yepropati yepropati ityala lama- 58% emali kamasipala kwimimandla emininzi. Iirhafu zempahla zidla ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lamakhaya nefama yeshishini. Imali yerhafu yempahla oyihlawulayo idla ngokubalwa ngokubalwa ngokwandisa ixabiso elithelekisayo lempahla yakho ngexabiso lerhafu lasekuhlaleni, elidla ngokuchazwa kwimimali okanye ngokwepesenti.

Irhafu engundoqo yoqingqo-mali yasekuhlaleni, ngokwembali irhafu yempahla iye yajongwa njengemvelaphi eqinileyo nesekelwe kwimali ebanzi enceda umahluko phakathi kwamakhaya obutyebi obahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokungafaniyo neerhafu zentengiso okanye iirhafu zengeniso, ezinokutshintsha-tshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ngokweemeko zezoqoqosho, iimali zerhafu zidla ngokuhlala ziqinile naxa kuthelekisa ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho.

Ukuthengiswa Nokusetyenziswa Kwerhafu

kuzo zonke izixeko zase-United States, eyona mithombo yengeniso iphambili ziindleko zabasebenzisi, iirhafu zempahla, uncedo lwezorhulumente olusuka kwiphondo, nokuthengiswa kwerhafu nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Iirhafu zibaluleke ngokukhethekileyo kumaphondo athi agunyazise oorhulumente basekuhlaleni ukuba bazirhamxe.

Iirhafu zentengiso zasekuhlaleni zibekwa njengepesenti yentengiso yentengiso kwaye ziquka irhafu yentengiso eqhelekileyo kunye nerhafu ekhethekileyo kwizinto ezithile. Iirhafu zerhafu zengingqi ziquka ukutya, amagumbi, neerhafu ze-cannabis. Le rhafu ithengwayo ivumela abantu ukuba bangenise ingeniso kwimisebenzi ethile okanye kwimizi-mveliso ethile.

Ingeniso ehambelanayo yoorhulumente

Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni bafumana inkxaso-mali engundoqo evela kurhulumente nakwimithombo karhulumente. Uncedo lukarhulumente lufunyanwa kakhulu kwi "iphepha lengeniso," elinguKhomishinale wesaziso sengeniso soncedo lwemali oluqikelelwayo noluthelekelelweyo olusetyenziswayo ukubala irhafu yonyaka.

Ingeniso esetyenziswa ngurhulumente ingaquka uncedo olusekelwe kwimiqathango, iminikelo yeenkqubo ezithile okanye imisebenzi, kunye nengeniso eyabelweneyo evela kwiirhafu zikarhulumente. Lo mthombo wengeniso ungangaxelelwa, njengoko kuxhomekeke kwizigqibo zikarhulumente nezesizwe zoqingqo-mali ezingaphaya kolawulo lwasekuhlaleni.

Iinqwelwana zomsebenzisi kunye nenkokhelo

Kwizixeko ezininzi, inxalenye enkulu yoqingqo-mali ilungiselela "inkonzo zombindi" ezifana namanzi/izinto zokusefa ezisetyenziswa emanzini okanye ezinye izinto ezisemgangathweni, iipaki kunye neenkonzo zokuzonwabisa, okanye ezinye iinkonzo apho abathengi bathengiselwa khona ukusetyenziswa kweenkonzo.

Iimali zokuhlawula, iimvume, imali ehlawulwayo, kunye nengeniso yotyalo-mali zimela omnye umsinga wengeniso. Ezi zihlawuli zenzelwe ukubuyisa iindleko zokunikela iinkonzo ezithile kwabo bazisebenzisayo. Imizekelo iquka iindleko zamanzi nezokuchitha uchitha umphunga, iindleko zokwakha imvume, iindleko zokupaka imoto, kunye neendleko zenkqubo yokuzonwabisa.

Izakhiwo zomrhumo zasekuhlaleni kufuneka zihlolisiswe minyaka le njengenxalenye yenkqubo yoqingqo-mali ukuqinisekisa ukuba zibekwe kumgangatho ogquma ngokuchanekileyo indleko ezinxulumene nomsebenzi othe wahlolwa ngawo umrhumo.

Ezinye imithombo zengeniso

Ingeniso eyongezelelekileyo isenokuquka ingeniso yotyalo-mali, imali ehlawulwayo, iimali ezithe zahlawulwa, iingxelo ezikhethekileyo, kunye nokuthunyelwa kwemali yemali egciniweyo. Imali yokulungiswa kwemali nemali yamahhala isetyenziswa kwiindleko ezingalindelekanga, iindleko zexesha elinye okanye, nangona ingacetyiswanga, ukulungelelanisa uqingqo-mali.

Iindidi zokuphelelwa

Inkcitho yoqingqo-mali ibonisa indlela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abazabela ngayo izinto kwiinkonzo nemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda ezi ntlobo kunceda abemi babone apho ii-dola zabo zerhafu zihamba khona baze bavavanye ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwemali kunxulumene kusini na nezinto eziphambili zoluntu.

Iindleko Zokusebenza

Ukusebenza iindleko ziquka iindleko zomsebenzi wosuku lwemini. Ezi ziquka amaxabiso abasebenzi (amashishini, imivuzo, kunye neengenelo), izixhobo nezinto, izinto eziluncedo, ugcino, kunye neenkonzo ezigunyazisiweyo. Iindleko zabasebenzi zimela inxalenye enkulu yenkcitho yokusebenza, ngokufuthi zibandakanya ama-60-80% oqingqo-mali lokusebenza kwimimandla emininzi.

Inkcitho efunekayo iquka irhafu, iimbopheleleko ezidityanisiweyo, iinkonzo zamatyala, ukhuseleko loluntu kunye nempilo. Ezi ziindleko ezingundoqo ezimele zixhaswe ukulungiselela imisebenzi esisiseko karhulumente.

Ikomkhulu

Inkcitho yekomkhulu ibandakanya ukutyala imali kwizinto zexesha elide ezinjengezakhiwo, izibonelelo, iimoto, kunye nezixhobo. Inkqubo yeSigqeba sokuLungisa iNkqutyana yokuxhasa iprojekthi yokubuyisela, ukuphucula okanye ukufunyanwa kwezinto zikarhulumente wasekuhlaleni, izibonelelo kunye nezixhobo ezixabisa imali engaphezulu kwee-R35 000 kwaye zilindeleke ukuba ziphile iminyaka emihlanu okanye ngaphezulu.

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ugcina uqingqo-mali olululo olucwangcisa ukuveliswa kwezibonelelo ezingundoqo kwiminyaka emininzi. Oku kuvumela ukucwangcisa okungcono kwexesha elide kwaye kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno ezibalulekileyo zezibonelelo ziqwalaselwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kunokuba zilungiswe ngemeko yongxamiseko.

Inkonzo Yamatyala

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni usoloko enikezela ngemiba yemali ukuze kuxhaswe imicimbi emikhulu enjengezikolo ezitsha, izakhiwo zokunyanga amanzi, okanye inkqubela yendlela. Inkonzo yamatyala kwezi ntambo iba yimbopheleleko eqinisekisiweyo kuqingqo-mali lwaminyaka le.

Uthutho kunye nezigcini-mali

Uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lungaquka ukuthunyelwa kwemali eyahlukeneyo neminikelo yokugcina ii-akhawunti. Ukwakha nokugcina iindawo ezigciniweyo zaneleyo kuyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwemali olufanelekileyo, ukulungiselela ukukhusela iindleko okanye iimali ezincinane ezingalindelekanga.

Inkxaso

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ulungelelanisa uqingqo-mali lwakhe lwemali ehlukeneyo, ngamnye unemithombo yengeniso negunya lokusebenzisa imali.

INgxowa-mali yeSebe yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni iquka irhafu yempahla ye-levy, uncedo lukarhulumente, ii-lisithi zasekuhlaleni, kunye nayo yonke imithombo yengeniso, kuquka iinkxaso-mali, ezixhasa intlawulo jikelele.

[[UMTL:0] Imali yengeniso ekhethekileyo ityala lengeniso emiselwe ngokusemthethweni kwiinjongo ezithile, njengengeniso yerhafu yegesi efuneka isetyenziswe ugcino lweendlela.

Imali yokungena isetyenziselwa ukutyala ingeniso neendleko zeenkonzo ze-propritary ezinikezelwa ngurhulumente wasekuhlaleni "ngetyala lokusebenza", elifana namashishini oshishino azimeleyo, namanzi, amanzi amdaka (umthi), inkunkuma eqinileyo (garbage), kunye neenkonzo ze-ambulensi ziyimizekelo eqhelekileyo yemisebenzi yomasipala.

[[UMTL: 0] Imali yeprojekthi yeCapital ityala lobuncwane bemali obusetyenziswa ekufumaneni ikomkhulu okanye kwiiprojekthi zokwakha.

[[UMTL: 0] INgxowa-mali yeNkonzo yeDebt isetyenziselwa ukuphendula ukuqokelelwa koovimba bemali, kunye nokuhlawulwa, kwentloko kunye nomdla kwityala lexesha elide.

Ukulungelelaniswa koHlahlo-mali:

Ulwalamano phakathi kwengeniso nenkcitho lumisela ukuba uqingqo-mali lulungelelene kusini na, lubonisa intsalela, okanye luvelisa intsalela. Uninzi loorhulumente basekuhlaleni kufuneka ngokomthetho ukuba bamkele uqingqo-mali olulungeleleneyo, ithetha ukuba iingeniso ezivelisweyo kufuneka zilingane okanye zidlule inkcitho echaziweyo.

Uhlahlo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali luyenzeka xa iingeniso zigqitha inkcitho, ukuvumela urhulumente ukuba akhe amacandelo agciniweyo okanye intlawulo yemisebenzi yemali ekhoyo ngexesha elinye. Intsilelo yenzeka xa inkcitho igqitha iingeniso, ezisenokufuna ukunyusa iibhaso, ukuhla kwemali, okanye ukwanda kwengeniso.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kunanini na ngaphambili ukuba amagosa emali ajonge uqingqo-mali lwawo ngokukhutheleyo nxamnye nenkongozelo yemali ekhoyo kunye neendleko ezihlawulwayo ukunciphisa ubungozi bentlawulo yonyaka ophela

Inkqubo yoGawulayo woRhulumente wasekuhlaleni

Ukuqonda indlela esungulwa ngayo, esetyenziswa ngayo kunceda abemi bayazi ukuba bafanele bathathe inxaxheba nini na kwizigqibo zoqingqo-mali.

Ucwangciso loqingqo-mali

Inkqubo yokulungiselela uqingqo-mali iqala ngokumiswa kwekhalenda yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, kwaye igosa lohlahlo-mali lisasaza iindlela zoqingqo-mali nemiyalelo kuzo zonke iintloko zesebe lorhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Eli candelo lokuqala liqala kwiinyanga eziliqela ngaphambi kokuba kuqalise unyaka omtsha wonyaka.

Xa kulungiselelwa, iintloko zesebe zifaka izicelo zoqingqo-mali ezisekelwe kwiimfuno ezilindelekileyo neziza kuqala. Igosa loqingqo-mali okanye igosa eliphetheyo lihlola ezi zicelo, liqwalasela iingeniso ezikhoyo, izinto eziphambili zoluntu, kunye neenjongo zenkqubo. Oku kusoloko kubandakanya izigqibo ezinzima ezingezokuqokelela, ukwandisa, okanye ukuphelisa.

Igalelo kunye nempinda zikawonke-wonke

Isigaba sokuqala senkqubo yoqingqo-mali sifuna amaqela karhulumente asekuhlaleni apapashe uqingqo-mali olucetyiweyo, irhafu yerhafu yepropati kunye nomlinganiselo werhafu yempahla kwimali nganye, kwaye iyunithi kufuneka ipapashe ixesha, umhla nendawo ezayo iintlanganiso zikawonke-wonke ezizayo apho kuza kuxutyushwa khona uqingqo-mali.

Xa iqumrhu likarhulumente lifumene imvume yalo kwiBhunga leSithili, libeka ityala likawonke-wonke apho abahlawuleli berhafu banokuya khona ukuze bavakalise iimbono zabo ngoqingqo-mali olucetyiweyo, irhafu yepropati ye-levy nerhafu. La matyala kawonke-wonke ngamathuba abalulekileyo okuthenjiswa kwemibutho yabemi negalelo.

Igalelo elivela kubantu abafaka ityala kuquka abahlawuleli berhafu namanye amaqela anomdla liyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yophuhliso loqingqo-mali olubonisa imilinganiselo yoluntu nezinto eziza kuqala.

Ukuthathelwa ulawulo

Iyunithi kufuneka ilinde iintsuku ezilishumi ize igcine intlanganiso yolwamkelo, apho iyunithi ilwamkela ngokusemthethweni uqingqo-mali, irhafu yepropati kunye nomlinganiselo werhafu yepropati, ekufuneka wenziwe ngoNovemba 1 ngonyaka phambi kokuba uqingqo-mali lusebenze. Iinjongo ezithile kunye neenkqubo zokwamkelwa komsebenzi ziyahluka ngokohlobo lorhulumente wasekuhlaleni.

Iqumrhu lowiso-mthetho (iqumrhu lesixeko, ikomishini yephondo, ibhodi yesikolo, njl.njl.) lihlola uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali olucetyiweyo, lingenza utshintsho, kwaye ekugqibeleni livote ukwamkela uqingqo-mali lokugqibela. Oku kufumana igunya elisemthethweni lokusebenzisa imali kawonke-wonke ngokwesicwangciso soqingqo-mali.

Uhlolo loRhulumente kunye nokuNikwa isatifiketi

Kumaphondo amaninzi, uqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni kufuneka luhlolisiswe luze luvunywe ngabameli bakarhulumente ngaphambi kokuba lusebenze. ISebe Lemali Yorhulumente Wengingqi lijongene nombutho worhulumente wokuqinisekisa ukuba imithetho yoqingqo-mali iyalandelwa, kunye noqingqo-mali, irhafu yempahla, kunye nerhafu yempahla kufuneka ivunyelwe ngaphambi kokuba kuthunyelwe irhafu yerhafu.

Ekupheleni kohlolo, umbutho weli lizwe unika uqingqo-mali, umlinganiselo werhafu yempahla kunye nerhafu yerhafu yempahla ekwigunya elisemthethweni lokuhlawula nerhafu yelo qela likarhulumente, yaye esi siqinisekiso kufuneka sigqitywe ngoFebruwari 15 wonyaka uqingqo-mali luqalisa ukusebenza.

UHlahlo loMsebenzi woMsebenzi weNkqubo

Inkqubo yoqingqo-mali ayipheli ngokusetyenziswa koqingqo-mali; endaweni yoko, uqingqo-mali luxwebhu olumele lujongwe. Kuwo wonke unyaka wemali, amagosa emali afumana iingeniso zokwenene neenkcitho ezichasene noqingqo-mali, achaze ukuguquguquka koqingqo-mali nokwenza uhlengahlengiso njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Iingxelo zemali ezithe zathelekiswa neziphumo zemali ezikhoyo kunye noqingqo-mali. Ezi ngxelo zinceda ekuboneni iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangoko, ezifana nemali encinane okanye amasebe athe afikelela imali eninzi.

Ukuqonda Amaxwebhu Oqingqo-mali

Uqingqo - mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni lunokuba luncwadi olunzima, kodwa ukuqonda amacandelo ambalwa abalulekileyo kunokukunceda usebenzise la maxwebhu uze ufumane inkcazelo ebaluleke kakhulu kuwe.

Isishwankathelo Sohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali

Amaxwebhu amaninzi oqingqo-mali aqala ngesishwankathelo okanye ngoqingqo-mali olunika ushwankathelo lohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali, abalaselise utshintsho olungundoqo kunyaka ophelileyo, achaze nezigqibo ezingundoqo eziboniswe kuqingqo-mali. Le yindlela efikelelekayo yoqingqo-mali kubafundi ngokubanzi.

Uqikelelo lwengeniso

Icandelo lengeniso libonisa iimali eziqingqiweyo zonyaka ozayo kunye nezinga okanye eziqikelelwayo ezisuka kwiminyaka edlulileyo ukuze kuthelekiswe iirhafu, iindleko, iintlawulo, nezinye imithombo.

Le ngeniso kufuneka iqingqwe ngokwendlela elungeleleneyo kunye noomasipala akufunekanga bathathe nje into ekhoyo yonyaka ophelileyo kwaye bayisebenzise, njengokuba iinguqu kwizoqoqosho jikelele zinokuchaphazela loo mlinganiselo.

Iinkcukacha zeNkcitho

Icandelo lenkcitho liyayiyeka inkcitho yesebe, inkqubo, okanye umsebenzi. Isenokumisela imali echithwayo ngodidi (ii-personnel, inkxaso, izixhobo, njl.njl.). Eli candelo libonisa indlela oovimba ababelwe ngayo ukunqumla imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo karhulumente.

Imilinganiselo yokusebenza

Uqingqo-mali lwanamhlanje luquka amanyathelo okusebenza adibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwemali neziphumo. La manyathelo ancedayo ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo: "Sifumana ntoni ngemali yethu?" Lungaquka imiba efana nolwaphulo-mthetho, iimeko zendlela, uvavanyo lwabafundi, okanye irejista yolwaneliseko.

Iingxaki Zoqingqo - mali Eziqhelekileyo

Ukuqonda ezi ngxaki kunceda abemi baluqonde ucelomngeni lokusebenzisa imali kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemali.

Ingeniso

Ezinye iindleko zoqingqo-mali zasekuhlaleni zixhomekeke kakhulu kwiingeniso ezinokuncitshiswa ngenxa yeengxaki zemali ezifana nerhafu, uncedo lukarhulumente kunye nerhafu yasekuhlaleni efumaneka emanzini, kumachiza okuthoba amanzi nezokuzonwabisa. Le -SCL yenza kube nzima ukuxela kwangaphambili iingeniso ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ikhokelele ekuqingqeni iimali ezincinane.

Amarisithi asekuhlaleni, ngelixesha li-9% kuphela emali epheleleyo, ahlukile ebuntwini bawo, kodwa oku kuwenza abe yeyona mvelaphi yengeniso engaziwayo.

Iindleko Ezinyukayo

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ujongene neendleko ezinyukayo zabasebenzi (ingakumbi iinshorensi yempilo nempesheni), izinto eziluncedo, ipetroli, nezinto zokwakha.

Izintlu eziHlanganisiweyo

Urhulumente norhulumente maxa wambi ufuna oorhulumente basekuhlaleni ukuba banikele iinkonzo ezithile okanye bafikelele imilinganiselo ethile ngaphandle kokunikela ngemali eyaneleyo.

Iimfuno Zesiseko

Uluntu oluninzi lujamelene nokugcinwa okuthe rhoqo nezibonelelo ezaluphalayo. Iindlela, iibhulorho, iinkqubo zamanzi nezakhiwo zikawonke wonke zifuna utyalo-mali oluqhubekayo, kodwa ezi ntswelo zisoloko zikhuphisana neemfuno zeenkonzo zangoku.

Uxinezeleko Lwemali

IFiscal Uxinzelelo Loxinzelelo Lwengqondo yinkqubo yokufanisa imiba ngokunengqiqo kunye nokusombulula uqingqo-mali.

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni basenokujamelana neemali ezincinane zoqingqo-mali ngenxa yenkcitho encitshisiweyo kuhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwangoku, kwaye iibhodi ezilawulayo zifanele ziqwalasele ukulungelelanisa uqingqo-mali lwangoku ukuze kuncitshiswe iintsilelo ezinokwenzeka zokusebenza.

Indlela Yokubandakanyeka Kwinkqubo Yakho Yoqingqo - mali Lwasekuhlaleni

Ukuba nenxaxheba kubemi kubalulekile ukuze ulawulo lwasekuhlaleni lukwazi ukuphendula. Zininzi iindlela onokusebenzisa ngazo uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ungoobani nobuchule okanye ixesha elikhoyo.

Yiya Kwiindlebe Zesidlangalala

Uqingqo-mali lukawonke wonke lulungiselelwe ngokukhethekileyo ukulungiselela igalelo lommi. Ezi ntlanganiso zinika amathuba okubuza imibuzo, ukuchaza izinto ezixhalabisayo, nokwabelana ngezinto zakho eziza kuqala namagosa anyuliweyo.

Hlola uludwe loqingqo - mali kusengaphambili ukuba kunokwenzeka, uze unikele ingqalelo kwimibandela ebalulekileyo kuwe nakuluntu ohlala kulo.

Amaxwebhu oHlahlo-mali

Ngoku oorhulumente abaninzi bashicilela amaxwebhu abo oqingqo - mali kwi - Internet, nto leyo eyenza ukuba afumaneke kumntu osebenzisa i - Internet.

Khangela iziphumo kwixesha elidlulileyo----IIinjongo zemali ziyanda ngelinye ixesha? Ingaba ingeniso ihambisana nenkcitho? Ingaba igcinekile? Ezi ndlela zingabonisa ulwazi olubalulekileyo ngempilo nezinto eziza kuqala kuluntu lwakho.

Qhagamshelana Nabameli Bakho

Musa ukulinda ukuba kuchotshelwe uwonke-wonke ukuze kwabelane ngeembono zakho. Xhumana namalungu ebhunga lesixeko sakho, ookhomishinari bengingqi, okanye amalungu ebhodi yesikolo ngqo. I-imeyili, umnxeba, neentlanganiso ze-operason, zonke zinokuba ziindlela ezisebenzayo zokunxibelelana ngezinto eziza kuqala neengxaki zakho.

Ngenela iiKomiti zoMbutho

Oorhulumente abaninzi basekuhlaleni baneekomiti zokufundisa abahlali ezinikela ingcebiso ngokuphathelele ezona zinto zibalulekileyo, iinkqubo ezithile okanye ukujonga iinkalo ezithile zemisebenzi karhulumente. Ukusebenza kwezi komiti kunokukunika ulwazi olunzulu ngemibandela yoqingqo-mali kuze kukunike indima engqalileyo ekulungiseni izigqibo.

Hlala Unolwazi

Landela inkcazo yeendaba yasekuhlaleni yemiba yoqingqo-mali, yiya kwibhunga okanye kwintlanganiso zebhodi (kwanokuba uqingqo-mali alukho kucwangciso), kwaye utyikitye ukuze uhlaziyiwe i-imeyili evela kurhulumente wakho. Okukhona uqonda ngakumbi ngeengxaki eziqhubekayo kunye neengxaki, kokukhona unokuba nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kwiingxubusho zoqingqo-mali.

Lungisa Nabanye

Ukusebenza nabamelwane, imibutho yasekuhlaleni, okanye amaqela okuphatha abantu kunokukhulisa ilizwi lakho kwaye kwandise impembelelo yakho. Inyathelo lokuhlanganisa lidla ngokuphumelela ngakumbi kunemigudu yomntu ngamnye yokuphembelela ezona zinto zibalulekileyo kuqingqo-mali.

Uqheliselo oluhle kuHlahlo-mali loRhulumente

Ngoxa uqingqo - mali lungafani ngaphaya kolawulo, imigaqo ethile nezenzo ezithile zigqalwa ngokubanzi njengezikhuthaza ulawulo lwezandi kunye nolawulo oluphumelelayo.

Isicwangciso seMali seXesha elide

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ujonga ngaphaya komjikelo woqingqo-mali wonyaka ukuze aphucule izicwangciso zemali ezithatha iminyaka emininzi. Ezi zicwangciso zinika ingeniso nenkcitho kwiminyaka eliqela kwixesha elizayo, zinceda ukuchaza iingxaki ezivelayo kunye namathuba aneleyo angaphambili okuzilungisa ngokuqhubekayo.

Ukuceba ixesha elide kubalulekile kakhulu kuqingqo-mali lwemali olumandundu, ulawulo lwamatyala, nokulungisa ukungalingani koqingqo-mali lwesakhiwo okungasayi kucaca kuqingqo-mali lweminyaka enye.

Izixhobo Ezaneleyo

Ukugcina izixhenxe zemali ezaneleyo kunye nezigcini zemali zibalulekile ukuze kuzinziswe imali. Izixhobo zinika ukhuseleko kwiindleko ezingalindelekanga, iimali ezincinane, okanye iingozi. Zikwaphucula ireyithi yemali yokuboleka, enokunciphisa iindleko zokuboleka.

Iingcali zezemali zincomela ukuba oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bagcine imali egciniweyo elingana ubuncinane neenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zenkcitho, nangona umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo ungafani ngokusekelwe kuzinzo lwengeniso nezinye izinto.

Uqikelelo lwengeniso oluzinzileyo

Iinkqubo zoqingqo-mali ezifunekayo ukuze kuphetshwe iintsilelo. Ukulinganisela kakhulu ingeniso kunokukhokelela ekunciphiseni uqingqo-mali kunye nokufuna ukusikwa konyaka ophakathi, okuphazamisayo nokudla ngokuba buhlungu.

Oorhulumente abaninzi abanobuchule bokuvelisa isandi basebenzisa iingcamango eziqhelekileyo xa bechaza ingeniso, besakha ngokhuseleko oluncedayo ukuze baqinisekise ukuba banokunikela imali yabo kwiimbopheleleko zoqingqo-mali kwanokuba iimeko zezoqoqosho ziyawohloka.

Ulawulo lwemisebenzi

Ukunxulumanisa izigqibo zoqingqo-mali kwiziphumo zomsebenzi kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuhlawula imali kuvelisa iziphumo. Uqingqo-mali lwemisebenzi lubandakanya ukubeka usukelo olucacileyo, ukulinganisa inkqubela kusukelo, nokusebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lokwenza umsebenzi ukuchaza izigqibo zoqingqo-mali.

Le ndlela itshintsha ingqalelo ukusuka kwi "Sichitha malini?" ukuya kwi "Sifumana ntoni ngemali yethu?" Ikhuthaza ukuphendula kwaye inceda ukuphawula amathuba okuphucula ubuchule nokusebenza.

Ukubonakala ngokucacileyo nonxibelelwano

Iingxelo ezicacileyo ezifumanekayo zoqingqo-mali nonxibelelwano olufumanekayo nabemi zibangela ukuba bathembeke yaye zibangela ukuba babe nenxaxheba.

Uhlaziyo aluquki nje kuphela ukupapasha amaxwebhu, kodwa lukwacacisa izigqibo zoqingqo - mali, ukulungiselela imeko - bume yeenguqu, nokukwenza kube lula ngabemi ukufumana inkcazelo abayifunayo.

Ukujongwa nokuxelelwa rhoqo

Ukusebenzisa uqingqo-mali kusekuqalekeni. Ulawulo lwemali olunempumelelo lufuna ukujongwa okuqhubekayo kweziphumo zokwenene xa kuthelekiswa noqingqo-mali, ukunikela ingxelo rhoqo kumagosa anyuliweyo nakuluntu, kunye nenyathelo elifanelekileyo lokulungisa xa kuvela iingxaki.

Kufuneka kufumaneke iingxelo zemali zenyanga okanye ezinesiqingatha kwaye zichane ngokucacileyo naziphi na iimfuno ezibalulekileyo ezisuka kuqingqo-mali, kunye neengcaciso kunye neempendulo ezicetyiweyo.

Ulwalamano Phakathi Koqingqo-mali Lwasekuhlaleni Nolwaseburhulumenteni

Uqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni alukho qha. Lunxulumene kakhulu noqingqo-mali nolawulo lwesizwe nemigaqo-nkqubo. Ukuqonda olu lwalamano kubalulekile ekuqondeni umongo opheleleyo wezigqibo zoqingqo-mali zasekuhlaleni.

Ingeniso yelizwe neyasekuhlaleni kufuneka ziqwalaselwe kunye njengoko zixhomekeke kwiimeko, kwaye izindlu zowiso-mthetho zikarhulumente zifeza indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukwenziwa kweengeniso zombini zelizwe nezoluntu.

Urhulumente uphembelela uqingqo-mali lwengingqi ngeendlela ezininzi. Bamisela imiqathango yerhafu ekhokelwayo yaye badla ngokubeka imiqathango kwirhafu okanye kwingeniso. Banika oorhulumente basekuhlaleni inkxaso-mali ngeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo. Bagunyazisa iinkonzo okanye imigangatho ethile oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abamele bahlangabezane nayo. Balawula iinkalo ezininzi zemisebenzi karhulumente wasekuhlaleni, kuquka iinkqubo zoqingqo-mali.

Iinguqu kuqingqo-mali lwezorhulumente zinokuba neziphumo eziphambili kwimali yasekuhlaleni. Xa amazwana ejongene neengxaki zoqingqo-mali, anokunciphisa uncedo koorhulumente basekuhlaleni, atshintshe iindleko afikelele kumgangatho wasekuhlaleni, okanye abeke imiqathango emitsha, ebangela iingxaki zoqingqo-mali lwasekuhlaleni.

Ukunyamekela Ngokukhethekileyo Iintlobo Ezahlukileyo Zoorhulumente Basekuhlaleni

Ngoxa imigaqo esisiseko yoqingqo - mali isebenza kuzo zonke oorhulumente basekuhlaleni, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithetho elawulayo zijamelana nocelomngeni olukhethekileyo yaye zisebenza phantsi kwemithetho eyahlukahlukeneyo.

Izithili zeSikolo

Kwisithili sesikolo, umphathi udla ngokumiswa liqumrhu njengegosa loqingqo-mali kwaye unembopheleleko yokuphuhlisa uqingqo-mali lwaminyaka le. Endaweni yequmrhu lemfundo lokuvumela uqingqo-mali, abemi besithili bamele bavumele uqingqo-mali lwesikolo kwimimandla emininzi.

Izikolo zisoloko zijongene neengcinezelo ezithile zoqingqo-mali ngenxa yokwanda kwentsebenziswano, imiyalelo ekhethekileyo yemfundo, iimfuno zeziko, kunye neendleko zabasebenzi. Iindleko zemfundo zixhaswe kakhulu ngurhulumente, zidala umahluko obalulekileyo kwimithombo ekhoyo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo.

Ii-Colories

Imimandla ephambili inikela umxube weenkonzo, eminye igunyaziswa lirhulumente (njengeenkundla, iintolongo, neenkonzo zoluntu) kunye nezinye ezizimiseleyo. Uqingqo-mali lweziko ludla ngokuquka ukusetyenziswa okubalulekileyo kwempilo neenkonzo zabantu, ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke, kunye nolawulo.

Kwamanye amazwe, ubalo lunegunya elilinganiselweyo lokunika ingeniso kwaye luxhomekeke kakhulu kuncedo lukarhulumente. Kwezinye, luneemfuno ezininzi zokuzilawula nemithombo yengeniso eyahlukeneyo.

Izixeko Nezixeko

UMasipala ugxininisa kwiinkonzo ezifana nokukhusela amapolisa nomlilo, izitrato, iindlela, iipaki, izinto zokuzihlaziya, nezinto eziluncedo.

Ezinye izixeko zisebenzisa iinkqubo ezibanzi zamashishini (amanzi, amachiza amdaka, umbane, njl.njl.) ezisebenza njengamashishini, nezingenisa ingeniso evela kubantu abawasebenzisayo ezihlawulisayo iindleko zenkonzo. Le misebenzi yezoshishino idla ngokuqingqwa ngokwahlukeneyo kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente jikelele.

Izidibi ezizodwa

Isithili esikhethekileyo sisungulwe ukulungiselela iinkonzo ezithile ezifana nokubonelela ngamanzi, ukukhusela umlilo, amathala eencwadi, okanye iipaki. Zinemisebenzi emixinwa kunye noqingqo-mali oluqwalaselweyo. Isithili esikhethekileyo silawulwa ziibhodi ezimiselweyo kwaye singafumana ingqalelo kawonke-wonke kunorhulumente abanenjongo jikelele, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ulongamelo lwabemi lube lubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo.

Ubugcisa neMicimbi yoHlahlo-mali yaNgoku

Ubugcisa butshintsha indlela oorhulumente basekuhlaleni abalungiselela, abakhoyo nabayisebenzisa ngayo imali yabo.

Iiwebhsayithi ezincedisanayo zivumela abantu bafumane inkcazelo yoqingqo-mali, bathelekise ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kumasebe okanye ixesha, baze baqonde indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo ii - R2.

Ezinye iindawo zizama ukudibanisa uqingqo-mali, apho abahlali bagqiba ngqo indlela yokwabelana ngeemeko zoqingqo-mali ngeenkqubo zedemokhrasi. Iiplatfomu zobugcisa zibangela ezi nyathelo zilungelelene ngokukwenza kube lula kumanani amakhulu abantu ukuqwalasela ukhetho, ukuxubusha izinto eziza kuqala, nokuvota kwizicelo.

Izakhelo zogcino-lwazi eziphandayo zenza uqingqo-mali nenkcazelo yemali efumaneka kwiifomati ezibhalwe ngomatshini, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abaphandi, intatheli, kunye neingcali zobugcisa boluntu zihlolisise izimali zikarhulumente zize zenze izixhobo ezikhuthaza ukuba kubekho ukubonakala nokuphendula.

Khawukhangele Kwikamva: Ucelomngeni Namathuba Azayo

Oorhulumente basekuhlaleni bajamelana neengxaki ezinkulu zemali kwiminyaka ezayo, kodwa bakwafumana amathuba okuphucula indlela abayisebenzisa ngayo imali baze baphucule nemiphumo yayo.

Iinguqu Zomfanekiso

Uluntu olukhulileyo kuluntu oluninzi luza kwandisa imfuneko yeenkonzo ezithile ngeli xesha lunciphisa isiseko serhafu.

Ukutshintsha Kwemozulu Nokuzinzisa

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kudala iingcinezelo ezintsha zoqingqo-mali ezinyukayo ngenxa yeendleko zolwamkelo lwentlekele nokuchacha, imfuneko yogcino-mali oluzinzileyo, kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho kwimithombo yengeniso. Uluntu olucinga phambili luqalisa ukucinga ngemozulu kucwangciso lwalo lwemali lwexesha elide.

Indleko zepensile kunye nezonyango

Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni ujongene neembopheleleko ezikhulayo zeempesheni zabaqeshwa kunye nonyango lwempilo oluthatha umhlala-phantsi. La matyala athabatha ixesha elide angathabatha izahlulo ezingakumbi zoqingqo-mali kwaye afuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo nocwangciso.

Ukungaqiniseki Ngezoqoqosho

Ukungaqiniseki kwezoqoqosho nokungaqiniseki kwenza ukuba ukuxelwa kusengaphambili kwengeniso kube lucelomngeni ngakumbi yaye kwandisa ukubaluleka kokugcina izinto ezigciniweyo ezaneleyo nezixhobo zoqingqo-mali ezibhetyebhetye.

Ukubuyiselwa kwiNkonzo

Ubugcisa kunye nendlela ezintsha zokuhambisa iinkonzo zinika amathuba okuphucula ubuchule kunye nokusebenza. Uqingqo-mali olukrelekrele lubandakanya ukuveliswa kohlalo olunokunciphisa iindleko zexesha elide okanye ukuphucula iziphumo, nokuba zifuna utyalo-mali lwangaphambili.

Oovimba Bokufunda Okungakumbi

Ukuba ufuna ukulwenza nzulu uqingqo - mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni, kukho oovimba abaninzi:

I- I-GOSA lezeMali iNika iNtlanganiso yezeMali [GO)] (GFOA) inika ubuncwane obuninzi kwiindlela zoqingqo-mali ezingcono, kuquka inkqubo yabo ekwi-Award ebhatalayo eqaphele ukufaneleka koqingqo-mali lukarhulumente. Yiya kwi-webhttps /wwww.gfoa.org ukwenzela iimpapasho, izixhobo, kunye nemizekelo yamaxwebhu oqingqo-mali exabiso aphezulu.

Izehlo zeMali zelizwe lonke/iManyano yoLawulo lweLinge lika- [I-ICMA] inika oovimba abajolise ngqo kulawulo lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni, kuquka uqingqo-mali kunye nolawulo lwemali. Iwebhttps [//wwww.icma.org iquka amanqaku, iintlanganiso, kunye namathuba obugcisa.

iqumrhu lakho likamasipala okanye umanyano lwemibutho lunganikezela ngoovimba abalungelelaniswa nemithetho nezenzo ezithile zikarhulumente wakho. Le mibutho isoloko inikela uqeqesho, iimpapasho, kunye noncedo lobugcisa kurhulumente wasekuhlaleni kwaye inokuba yimithombo exabisekileyo yolwazi kubemi ngokufanayo.

Uninzi lwamaziko ophando afunda imali yemali karhulumente wasekuhlaleni kwaye lupapashe iingxelo ezifikelelekayo kunye neenkcazo. Jonga ubuncwane kwizikolo zemigaqo karhulumente, iinkqubo zezifundo zasezidolophini, kunye namaqumrhu ophando lukarhulumente.

ii-website zikarhulumente zalapha ngokwazo zingowona mthombo uphambili wolwazi. Uninzi loorhulumente basekuhlaleni ngoku lupapasha amaxwebhu oqingqo-mali, iingxelo zemali, kunye nezinye iinkcukacha zemali kwi-intanethi. Qala ngesixeko sakho, ingingqi, okanye i-website yesithili ye-website ye-d

Isiphelo

Uqingqo-mali lwemali lwengingqi yakho lungaphezulu kakhulu kunexwebhu lwemali olungenayo, ```'' lubonisa imilinganiselo yoluntu, isicwangciso sekamva, nesixhobo sokuphendula ityala. Ukuqonda indlela uqingqo-mali lwengingqi olusebenza ngayo kukunika amandla okuba nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo kubomi bentlalo-ntle, ugcine amagosa anyuliweyo ephendule, kwaye uncede ekulungiseni ikamva lengingqi yakho.

Nangona amaxwebhu oqingqo-mali esenokubonakala entsonkothileyo kwaye esoyikisa, iingcamango ezisisiseko zifumaneka kuye nabani na ozimisele ukuchitha ixesha elincinane nomgudu. Akuyomfuneko ukuba ube yingcaphephe yemali ukuze uqonde imithombo engundoqo yengeniso, ukuchitha izinto eziza kuqala, kunye nokungangeni maxabiso okubonakala kuqingqo-mali lwengingqi yakho.

Izigqibo ezenziwa kuqingqo-mali lwengingqi zichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla ngeendlela ezininzi, ukusuka kwizikolo nakwindlela ukuya kukhuseleko lwasekuhlaleni nakucoceko lwamanzi akho. Ngokubandakanyeka kwinkqubo yoqingqo-mali, unokukunceda uqinisekise ukuba ezi zigqibo zibonakalisa iimfuno nezinto eziza kuqala kuluntu lwakho.

Enoba uya kwinkundla kawonke wonke, uhlola amaxwebhu oqingqo-mali kwi-intanethi, qhagamshelana nabameli bakho abanyuliweyo, okanye uhlale wazi ngemibandela yezorhwebo yasekuhlaleni, imicimbi yakho yokuthabatha inxaxheba. Ulawulo lwedemokhrasi lusebenza kakuhle xa abantu bexelelwe, bebophelelekile yaye bezimisele ukuphendula urhulumente wabo.

Zinike ixesha lokufunda ngoqingqo-mali lukarhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Buza imibuzo. Yabelana ngezinto eziza kuqala. Bandakanyeka kuzo. Uluntu lwakho luza komelela ngakumbi ngenxa yalo, kwaye uza kuyiqonda ngokunzulu indlela urhulumente wasekuhlaleni asebenza ngayo nendlela onokwenza ngayo umahluko kwindlu yangasemva yendlu yakho.