Ukuqonda Iziqinisekiso Zamandla Ezinokuvuselelwa Namatyala Ekharbon

Iziqinisekiso zeManzi ezivuselelwayo (REC) kunye nekharbon zizixhobo ezisekelwe emarikeni ezenziwe ukuqhuba inkqubela-phambili yokusingqongileyo. I-REC imela iimpawu zokusingqongileyo zeyure enye yombane enokwenziwa ukusuka kwimvelaphi ehlaziyekayo enjengomoya, ilanga, okanye i-hydro. Xa umatshini wokuhambisa ipetroli uvelisa umbane, ungathengisa zombini umbane ophathekayo kunye neREC enxulunyaniswa nayo. Oku kwahlukana kuvumela abathengi kunye neenkampani ukuba bafumane inzuzo yemekobume yamandla anokubuyiselwa kwakhona nokuba ngaba zidityaniswe ngqo kwigridi ehlaziyekileyo.

Amatyala ekharbon, ngokwahlukileyo, ziimvume ezincinci ezimele ilungelo lokukhupha itoni enye yekharbon dioxide (CO2) okanye inani elilinganayo lenye igesi eshushu. Amatyala akhutshwa ngokukhutshwa ngokuqinisekisa ukuncitshiswa kwemiqathango yokukhutshwa kwegesi ````Imibhobho ye-metha'''''. Izixhobo zikhutshwa ngokunjalo njengokukhutshwa kwemithi, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-methane, okanye ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamandla kumazwe asakhasayo kwaye zinokuthengwa ngezixhobo ezifuna ukuphelisa ukukhutshwa kwawo okungenakuphepheka. Ezi zixhobo zisembini zisembindimeni ye-European Egigiging Sy Systemsss System (EUEUETS) kunye norhwebo lwekhaboni apho amashishini asukela iinjongo zokuzingeniswa.

“ Ukwahlulwa kwee-REC kumbane kunye netyala lekharbon ukusuka kunciphiso oluthe ngqo lwenza indlela ethambileyo yokunyusa utshintsho kuqoqosho olusezantsi.” – [ I-IIIIIIS i-Arhente yoKhuselo lweNkathi yeNkathi yeNtshona Koloni

Imbono YaseIreland Kurhwebo Lwemali Olunokufumaneka Emhlabeni Wonke

Inxaxheba ye-Ireland kwezi marike ikhule ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka elishumi edluleyo. Umthamo ovuselelwayo wamandla elizwe, ingakumbi umoya waselwandle, uye wanda ngokukhawuleza. Ngokutsho kwe- ISATIENAGER Energy Authrity of Ireland (SEAI), amandla omoya ngoku anika malunga nesithathu sombane we-Ireland. Oku kunyuswa kwesizukulwana esitsha kukhokelela kunyuso lweziqinisekiso ze-Rgy of Origin (GOS). [iiphu laseYurophu elilinganayo le-REC. Amafama e-Irish kunye nezifakelo zelanga zifumana i-GOUW, ezinokuvelisa imida ye-EUS.

I-Ireland ikwanendawo eqinileyo kwiimarike zekharbon. Njengelungu le-EU, i-Ireland iphantsi kwe-EU ETS, eyona nkqubo ikhulu yekharbon ethengiswayo ehlabathini. Izakhiwo ze-Ireland, izakhiwo zoshishino, kunye neenqwelo-moya kufuneka zinikezele imali elinganayo nemveliso yazo. Nayiphi na intsalela inokuthengiswa kwintengiso. Ngaphandle kokuthotyelwa, iinkampani kunye namaqumrhu karhulumente ase-Ireland abeke imali kwimisebenzi yokuzinzisa i-develo yoPhuhliso Mechanism kunye neSibonelelo sesithandathu phantsi kwe-Paris Active. Ezi zizinto azithanga nje kuphela ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon ekhoyo kodwa zidla ngokuvelisa iimali ze-carbon ezinokusetyenziswa ukudibana noMdlalo-Intenteli ye-Intelive ye-Irritence ye-Intelligal (NC).

Abaqhubi Abaphambili Bomsebenzi Wentengiso Wase-Ireland

  • Ifreyimu yokulungisa i-EU yoMkhosi: yase-Ireland isebenzisana ne-EU Renonetic Energy Directive (RED II), egunyazisa amaxhoba abophekileyo okusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamandla. IGO sisisixhobo sokuqala sokulandelela nokutshintsha umbane kumacala onke.
  • Umthetho wemo yezulu welizwe: Isenzo se-Cliatentonity kunye neLow Carbon Development (Amendment) UMthetho 2021 uvumela i-Ireland ukuba inciphe kwi-51% kukhupho lwegesi ekhupha igesi eshushu ngo-20202030, kunye no---zero-ze-ngo-2050. Ezi zijongo zibangela imfuneko enkulu yetyala lekharbon kunye ne-REC kuthengiso lwasekhaya.
  • [[NTLA] Ugcino-lwazi lwe-Corporate: Inani elandayo lamashishini ase-Ireland athatha inxaxheba kwi-RE100 (inyathelo lehlabathi lombane eliphinda lavuselelwa kwikhulu lekhulu) kwaye acwangcise amaxhoba asekelwe kwinzululwazi. Ezi zibophelelo ziqhuba ukuthengwa kwenkampani yeGO kunye netyala lekharbon yokuzithandela.
  • Isicelo se-Consumer I- amakhaya ase-Irish kunye namashishini amancinane ngokukhulayo akhetha amaza ombane aluhlaza aphenjelelwa ziiGO, ngokubhekele phaya ukuvuselela intengiso yeREC.

Indlela Imisebenzi ye-REC nekharbon yentengiso yamatyala

Ukuhamba kwiRECs kunye nekharbon eIreland kwenzeka ngamajelo amaninzi. KwiGO, iqonga eliyintloko yindlela yokusebenza ye-European Energy Gradiation System (EECS), elawulwa yi-Association Bodies (AIB). I-GOPS yase-Ireland yi-SEASI, eqhuba iregister apho oomatshini bokuhambisa abagunyazisiweyo banokukhupha khona, bagqithise, baphinde bacime amaGO. Abathengi . //abathengisi, okanye abathengisi-magroa ukuze bahlazisele izibophelelo zombane okanye amaxhoba okuzithandela.

Kwimakethe yekharbon, irejista ye-Ireland ekhutshwayo idityaniswe kwirejista ye-EU ETS esembindini. I-Environal Protectal Protection Agency (EPA) yokujonga uqinisekiso kunye nokuthobela ufakelo lwe-Irish. Ityala lokuzithandela lekharbon litshintshiwe ngaphaya kobali- mali okanye kudlula kwiqonga eliphezulu njenge Verra’s Verrified Carbon Standard (VCS) kunye neGold Standard. Abanye abaphuhlisi bephulo-Ireland baye babhalisa intelo yolungiso lwemiboniso lwe-engile phantsi kwalemiqatha, ityala elibhek'uniza kubathengi benkampani abafuna umgangatho ophezulu.

Izinto Eziphawulekayo Ezisetyenziswa Yikhabhoni Ephakathi YaseIreland

  1. Ukubuyiselwa kobuphethu: Izixhobo ezinyusiweyo zase-Ireland zigcina inani elikhulu lekharbon. Imisebenzi ngu Bord na Móna noCoillete, eqinisekisiweyo phantsi kweKhompeli yePatland, buyisele ukukhupha ipetroli eninzi nokunyusa i-CO2 sequestration.
  2. Iqela leeNkqubo zekharbon: Isebe lezolimo, Ukutya kunye noMane ubaleka iFold Carbon Scheme, ivumela abemi belizwe ukuba bafumane ityala ngokutyala amahlathi abomthonyama. La matyala asetyenziswa kakhulu ekulungiseni amakhaya.
  3. Iprojekthi zezizwe ngezizwe: ii-Irish NGOS kunye neenkampani zifake ingeniso kwimisebenzi yokupheka kwi-Sharan Afrika esezantsi kunye neefama zomoya eIndiya nge-Celean Development Mechanism, zifumana i-Costagist Reducations (CER).

Ucelomngeni Lokulawula Nokuthengisa

Ngaphandle kwenkqubela, urhwebo lwase-Ireland kwiRECs kunye netyala lekharbon lujongene nemiqobo emininzi. Olunye ucelomngeni lukubalwa okuphindwe kabini konciphiso lwemveliso phantsi kwesivumelwano saseParis. Ukuthintela oku, ityala lekharbon phakathi kwamazwe kufuneka lilungiswe kwimisebenzi yesizwe, inkqubo efuna izivumelwano eziqinileyo ze-bodys. Ngoku i-Ireland ixhomekeke kwimithetho ye-EU ngokubanzi kodwa iphuhlisa eyayo isiseko seQumrhu 6.2 ne-6.4.

Enye imbambano yi-EU ETS amaxabiso atshintshile ngokuphawulekayo, ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-CRL10 ngetoni ngo-2017 ukuya ngaphezulu kwe----CR100 ngo-2023. Oku kungaqiniseki kwenza izigqibo zotyalo-mali ezinde zexesha elide zibe nzima kwiifemu zase-Ireland. Ngokufanayo, amaxabiso okuhamba aye ehla kwiminyaka yakutshanje ngenxa yokunyuka kakhulu kwe-Nordic hydroware, inciphisa ihlombelo longezelelweyo kwisizukulwana esitsha eIreland.

Ukongezelela, uqinisekiso kunye nolwandiso lubalulekile kukholo lwekharbon. Abanye abahlalutyi bathi imisebenzi ethile yokusebenza ayikudlulisi unciphiso lokwenene, oluqinisekisiweyo. Udumo lwe-Ireland njengombaleki wentengiso okhanyayo luxhomekeke ekunamatheleni ngokungqongqo kwimigangatho. IKhomishini ye-Eupanean ivelise utshintsho ukuze yomeleze i-EU ETS, iquka isigaba sokuphuma kwenkululeko kunye nokuveliswa kwe-carbon Boul Confice Mechanis (CAM), eza kuchaphazela ukuthengiseka kwe-Ireland kwizinto zekharbon-infensity.

Ukoyisa Imiqobo Yokufumana Imali Kwicandelo Lasekhaya LaseIreland

Imali enikwa ikharbon yekhaya ayifumaneki. Nangona imisebenzi yokulungisa ipertland kunye neyokutyala amahlathi ivelisa ityala, umthamo wayo awunele ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yesizwe. Urhulumente uhlola ukudalwa komrhumo wetyala lekharbon yesizwe kunye nenkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwekharbon ukuqokelela umhlaba wekharbon kwilizwe lokulima. Ukuba kuphumelele, oku kungavula umthombo omtsha wetyala kumashishini ase-Ireland.

Kwicala leREC, ukuxhomekeka komoya kudala iingxaki. Ukugqithisa komoya ngexesha loxinzelelo oluphantsi maxa wambi kukhokelela ekuncitshisweni, apho ii-turbine zivalwayo kwaye zisenokulahleka. Ukudityaniswa kwe-grid kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kubalulekile ekuthinteleni ixabiso elipheleleyo lemeko-bume yoovimba bomoya base-Ireland. I-Celt Interconnectoror ecwangciselwe eFransi inceda ekunikezeleni umlinganiselo olungeleleneyo kwaye inyuse ukuthengwa kwama-Irish GO.

Impembelelo Yezoqoqosho Yokutyala EIreland

Urhwebo ngeeREC kunye neemali zokuthenga ngekharbon zinika iingenelo ezithe ngqo zezoqoqosho. Icandelo elinokuhlaziywa lamandla lisebenzisa abantu abangaphezu kwama-20 000 eIreland, kwaye ingeniso efumaneka kurhwebo lweGOO yongeza umsinga wengeniso yesibini yomoya kunye nabasebenzi belanga. Le ngeniso yongezelelekileyo iphucula ukusebenziseka kwemali kwimisebenzi, inciphisa ixabiso lemali eliziintloko-mali kwaye inceda ukuveliswa kwemali okuthe kra phambili.

Kubathengisi betyala lekharbon, ingakumbi abaphathi-mali belizwe, le marike inika indlela yokulungisa ukugcinwa kwemekobume. Umlimi otyala amahlathi omda awumiyo angafumana ityala lekharbon elixabisa amakhulu aliqela ee-yuro ngonyaka, ingeniso yefama eninzi. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba imakethe yekharbon ekhuliswe kakuhle ingafakela kwi-R20 500-miriyoni ngonyaka kuqoqosho lwe-Irish ngonyaka ngo-2030.

Abathengi betyala lekharbon nabo bayangenelwa. Iinkampani ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe zisebenza e-Ireland `njenge-Google, Facebook, nePfector' `nethi-zero''. Ngokuthenga iityala zekharbon ezikumgangatho ophezulu wase-Ireland, zingalungisa iindlela zazo zemozulu ngeziphumo zengingqi zasekuhlaleni, zixhasa imisebenzi yoluntu kunye nonyuso lwendalo.

Iinqanawa zorhwebo nezorhwebo

Urhwebo lwe-Ireland lokuthenga imekobume ludityaniswe kakhulu nentengiso yaseYurophu. Ama-EU Alungu kufuneka anike ingxelo yamandla awo anokuphinda asebenze ngeGOS, kwaye i-Ireland ithumela intsalela yeGOU kumazwe anjenge-Netherlands ne-Jamani, afuna amandla atshayo ngaphezu koncedo lwamakhaya. Olu rhwebo lwemida enqamlezayo lunceda iindleko ezilinganayo kwii-EU.

Kwimarike yekharbon, i-Ireland iseke intsebenziswano ekhoyo namazwe afana neKenya kunye neColombia phantsi kwe Isenzo somsebenzi weClimate kunye nemekobume ezinxulumeneyo. Ezi misebenzi yomanyano ifuna ukuphuhlisa iGatya 6-complications ebangela ukunconywa kwamazwe akhoyo kunye nabathengi base-Ireland. Umzekelo, iprojekthi yakutshanje yenqwelo-moya eKenya isasaza abapheki abafanelekileyo, inciphisa amahlathi kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni emnyama. Ityala lithengwa ziinkampani zalapha e-Ireland ukuze zinciphise ukukhutshwa komfako lwamandla kwimisebenzi yazo.

I-Ireland ikwanenxaxheba kwi-International Carbon Action Partnership (ICAP), isebenzisana ngezenzo ezingcono nezinye iindawo ezilawula ikharbon. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba abarhwebi kunye nabalawuli base-Ireland bahlala behambisana nenkqubo yekharbon elawula umhlaba wonke.

Ubuchule kunye nezikhuseli zamanani

Iblockchain kunye neeregistrings zamanani ziguqula iREC kunye nekharbon yokurhweba ngetyala. I-Ireland ifumana i-eterch ekhulayo ecocekileyo equka isiqalo setyala lekharbon kunye neqonga lokuqinisekisa ngezolwazi oluzenzekelayo kusetyenziswa intengiso yemiboniso ye-tellite kunye ne-IoT. I-SEADI iqhuba iregister yeGO esasazwa ngamanani isebenzisa ubugcisa obukhokelayo ukunciphisa ukubala kabini nokuphucula ukukhanya.

Isicelo seKhomishini yaseYurophu sesiqinisekiso esinye se-EU jikelele sokususwa kwekharbon siya kuchaphazela ne-Ireland. Ukuba ithe yasetyenziswa, ingavumela abalimi namahlathi ase-Ireland ukuba benze ‘ ityala lokulima i-carbon ngokusebenzisa isampula yomhlaba yamanani kunye nogcino-lwazi lokujikeleza kwezityalo. Ezi zikweleta zingadityaniswa netyala lekharbon yesithethe kwaye zithengiselwe kwiqonga elidityanisiweyo.

“ Uqikelelo lunika indlela yokufumana amanzi angakumbi nokuthembana kwiimarike zokusingqongileyo. I-Ireland ibekwe kwindawo entle ukuba ibe yinkokeli kweli sithuba inikwe icandelo lethu lobugcisa eliphambili kunye nokusingqongileyo okuxhasayo.” – [ LESEA umlawuli weMarikethi ye-Energy [[[FLT]]]

Ikamva Lorhwebo LwaseIreland OlukwiRECs Namatyala Ekharbon

Ukukhangela phambili ku-2030 nangaphaya, izicwangciso ezininzi ziza kubumba indima ye-Ireland. Okokuqala, iEU ETS izakuba nentsebenziswano engakumbi xa i-odolo ibekwa ngaphandle kwaye amacandelo afana noshishino lwaselwandle angena phantsi kwenkqubo. Iinkampani zase-Ireland eziye zasebenzisa ubugcisa bokudambisa izakuba nentsalela eninzi yokuthengisa, ukuvelisa ingeniso. Ngokuhlukileyo, ezo zisele zinokujamelana neendleko ezinyukayo.

Okwesibini, iimarike zekharbon zokuzithandela kulindeleke ukuba zikhule ngokukhawuleza, ziqhutywa ngumgcini-mali kunye noxinzelelo lwabathengi.IMatathorce on Spasages Voluntary Carbony Market ivelisa intengiso elingana nama-50 ezigidi zezigidi zee-50 (R34,000 zezigidi ngowama - 2030).

Okwesithathu, ukwanda komoya ohamba elunxwemeni lwase-Ireland − ukuthwala u 5 GW ngo-2030. Imisebenzi yomoya odadayo elunxwemeni lwe-Atlantiki ithembisa ngokukhethekileyo ngenxa yokuba isebenza ngesantya somoya esiphezulu kwaye ivelisa amandla angaguqukiyo. IGO esuka kwezi misebenzi izakudityaniswa nokuveliswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza, idala iimarike ezintsha zesiqinisekiso esitsha ngaphaya kombane.

Noko ke, iingxaki zisekho. I-Ireland kufuneka iqinisekise ukuba inkcazo yemozulu yayo ihambelana nemithetho yezizwe ngezizwe ukuphepha ukubotshwa kwetyala eliphindwe kabini. Urhulumente uphuhlisa ubuchule besizwe bentengiso yekharbon ukusingatha ezi zikhephe, negalelo elisuka kwiBhunga lokuTshintshisa Imozulu. Ukujongana noluntu kuyaqhubeka, kwaye iphepha lokugqibela elimhlophe lilindelekile ekupheleni kowama-2025.

Icebiso laBathathi-nxaxheba

  • I-Invest kuBunjani: Bobabini abathengisi kunye nabathengisi kufuneka bancome ngaphambi kokuba bahlangabezane nemilinganiselo eqaphelekayo efana nomgangatho wegolide, Verra VCS, okanye ikhabhoni entsha ye-EU. Umngcipheko wokuhlamba i-Greyitha ungonakalisa udumo lwengingqi.
  • [[UMTL:0] Ugcino-lwazi lwetyala: Sebenzisa amanani MRV (Ingxelo, kunye nokukhutshwa kwetyala) izixhobo ukunyusa ukuthembeka kwetyala. Oku kuyimfuneko kakhulu kumhlaba wekharbon kunye neeprojekthi ezisekelwe kwindalo.
  • I-EU kunye ne-Irish iyakwazi ukujika. Ii-freed kufuneka zibe nenxaxheba ekucebiseni kwaye zilungiselele imithetho eqinileyo eyongezelelweyo, ehlala ixesha elide, kunye nokuvuza.
  • Iyenza icace ngokwejiyografi:[ Ngexesha iimarike zeEU zilawula, Inqaku lesi-6 lezivumelwano ngaphandle kweYurophu ukukhusela ityala elinxulumene namaxabiso asezantsi aseYurophu.

Isiphelo: Ingenelo Efanelekileyo YaseIreland

Urhwebo lwe-Ireland lwezatifiketi zamandla ezivuselelwayo kunye nezibonda zekharbon ziyinxalenye encinci kodwa ebalulekileyo yomgudu wemozulu yesizwe. Eli lizwe lingenelwa kwintabalala yemithombo yemozulu ehlaziyekayo, kwimisebenzi enzima yezopolitiko, kunye nokudityaniswa okunzulu neyona marike yekharbon intabalala entsonkothileyo yehlabathi. Njengoko imfuneko yehlabathi lonke yeempawu zokusingqongileyo zikhula, i-Ireland inethuba lokuba lizikhundla lokutyala eliphezulu, linyuse igama layo njengeqabane elithembekileyo nelinentengiso olunentengiso.

Ishumi leminyaka elizayo liza kuvavanya ukuba i-Ireland ingayinyusa kusini na intengo yayo yetyala lo gama ilondoloza ubunjani obufunwa ngabathengi. Impumelelo iya kufuna ukuba kuqhubekeke utyalo-mali kubuchule obutsha, imisebenzi emitsha yokwakha umhlaba, kunye nezibonelelo zamanani. Ukuba ezi ziqwenga ziyaphelelwa, urhwebo lwase-Ireland kwii-RECs kunye nekharbon azizukuncedanga kuphela ukuhlangabezana nemozulu kodwa zibonelela iinzuzo ezihlala zihleliyo zezoqoqosho nemekobume yemveli kwizizukulwana ezizayo.