Izimpahla zokuhloba zomkhaya zasebukhosini kanye namatshe ayigugu ayigugu aphakathi kwezinto ezihlonishwa kakhulu emhlabeni, ezihlanganisa amakhulu eminyaka ombuso, amandla, nobuciko. Ngaphandle kwenani lazo elimangalisayo lemali, lezi zingcezu zisebenza njengezixhumene ezingokoqobo zesikhathi esidlule, ezimelela ubukhosi, ubuzwe, nelungelo laphezulu lamakhosi. Kusukela emadayimaneni acwebezelayo eBritish Cord Beth amagugu kuya ekutholweni kwezithombe ezingokomlando zaseFrance neRussia, into ngayinye ilandisa ngendaba yokunqoba, amasiko, kanye nobuciko eqhubeka ikhanga izazi zezezazi, izinkombathi, kanye nomphakathi ngokufanayo.

Umsuka Nokuziphendukela Kwezinto Eziyigugu Zobukhosi Ezingokomlando

Isiko lamatshe ayigugu asebukhosini abhalwa ngaphambi komlando. Lemiphakathi yasendulo enjengeGibithe, iMesophothamiya, neSigodi saseIndus yasebenzisa izinsimbi namatshe ayigugu ukuze abonise isikhundla, igunya elingokwenkolo, namandla empi. OFaro babefaka izintambo zegolide eziyinkimbinkimbi nezibambo, kuyilapho amakhosi aseSumeria ayesebenzisa izinkemba zemikhosi nendonga yendonga ezibekwe ngelapis lazuli. Lezimpawu zokuqala zakha idendeli yenkosi yamuva, lapho ubucwenga nje ubucwebe obusethi obusenziwa nje kodwa inkulumo esemthethweni.

EYurophu ephakathi, kwavela umqondo wamatshe ayigugu ayigugu njengeqoqo lobukhosi bamakhosi. Ngokwesibonelo, uMbuso oNgcwele wamaRoma wahlanganisa i-Imperial Regalia, kuhlanganise ne-Imperial Cord, i-Holy Lance, ne-Imperial Orb. Lezi zinto zasetshenziswa ekuthweseni izibopho futhi zazibhekwa njengezingcwele, ngokuvamile zigcinwe ezindaweni zobufundisi. Amagugu aseBrithani abonakala engokwakhekeni kwawo ekhulwini leshumi nambili leminyaka, nakuba iqoqo lokuqala labhujiswa noma lathengiswa phakathi nenkathi yeMpi Yomphakathi yaseNgilandi ne-Commonety. Ngemva kwenkathi yokubuyiselwa kwezwe ngo-1660, iNkosi uCharles II yayala ukuba kuqaliswe ububusi obusha, obuningi babo abasasetshenziswa nanamuhla.

Ukwanda Kwezinto Ezingokomfanekiso

Izinto ezikhethelwe ubucwebe basebukhosini zazingakhongozeli. Igolide lalifanekisela ilanga, ubuphakade, nokungaphucuki. Isiliva lalimelela inyanga nokuhlanzeka. Amatshe ayigugu ayenezincazelo eziqondile: ama-rubias asho isibindi nenkanuko, amasafire ukuze athole ukuhlakanipha nokuthakazelelwa kwaphezulu, amamamameraldi okunika ithemba nokuvuselelwa, namadayimane ngenxa yokungabi nabuphili namandla. Amatshe ayigugu ayigugu ayevame ukuhlanganisa lamatshe ngamalungiselelo aqondile okuqinisa igunya laphezulu nelenkosi.

Ngenkathi yeNkathi Yenguquko, izinkantolo zasebukhosini kulo lonke elaseYurophu zancintisana ukuze zithole amatshe ayigugu amakhulu kakhulu angavamile. AmaPutukezi, iSpanishi, futhi kamuva imibuso yaseBrithani yaletha amadayimane namatshe ayigugu anemibala ezindaweni zaseNdiya, e-Afrika, nase-South America, andisa ingcebo nezinhlobonhlobo zemigede yamatshe ayigugu. Ikhoh-Noor edumile, ekuqaleni eyathathwa eNdiya, yadlula ngezandla eziningana zasebukhosini ngaphambi kokuba ibe ingxenye ye-British Hulumend Wallowels ngekhulu le-19.

Izinhlobo Zamatshe Ayigugu Asebukhosini Nencazelo Yawo Engokomfanekiso

Izinto zokuhloba zasebukhosini zihlanganisa izinto eziningi, ngayinye eklanyelwe imikhosi nemisebenzi ethile. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kwembula ukuthi izimpawu ezifakwe ohlwini lwenkosi zifakwe ebukhosini.

Imiqhele Nezikhotha

Umqhele uyisibonelo esiyinhloko sobukhosi. Kusukela kowesisindo, imiqhele evalweyo egqokwayo ekugcotshweni kwemiqhele elula esetshenziswa emadilini kahulumeni, umklamo ngamunye ubonisa indima yenkosi. I-Imperial State Corne in the UK, iqukethe amatshe ayigugu angaphezu kuka-3 000, kuhlanganise nedayimane II ne-Stuart Saphire. Ngokungafani, amaCorones, ayimiqhele emincane egqokwa amakhosi namakhosikazi, ngokuvamile ebonakala esezikhundleni zenkosi.

Izindophi Nezitsha Zommbila

Indonga yobukhosi imelela amandla enkosi okubusa nokukhipha ubulungisa. Ngokwesiko laseBrithani, iScepter kaMbusi neSiphambano iphethe idayimane I, idayimane elikhulu elisikwe emhlabeni. I-orb, imbulunga ebhekene nesiphambano, ifanekisela ukubusa kwenkosi ngaphansi kwegunya lobuKristu. Zombili lezi zinto zinikezwa phakathi nomkhosi wokubekwa kwesikhundla.

Amaring Namabhandethi

Izinsika zekhorali, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “izindandatho zesizwe,” zibekwa emnweni wenkosi ukuze zibonise isivumelwano sayo nombuso. INdlovukazi uConsort’s Ring ifanekisela indima yakhe. Amatshe abusayo, njenge-Armillae ebukhosini baseBrithani, amelela ubuqotho nokuhlakanipha, okuthathwe ezimbanjeni zempi zasendulo.

AmaTiara Ne - Diadems

AmaTiara aphakathi kwezinto eziyigugu ezibonakala kakhulu zasebukhosini namuhla, ezigqokwa emikhosini yakusihlwa kahulumeni, ama-gala, nemishado. Zavela emabhandeni asendulo amaGreki nasemajahweni omqhele wamaRoma. Idayimane Diamond e-George IV, eyagqokwa iNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth II izikhathi eziningi, izici ze-rose, amakhakhakhasi, nama-shamick ukuze afanekisele i-United Kingdom. Ama-Tiararock avame ukuba nezakhi ezingaphucuthi, avumele ukuba agqokwe njengemigede noma amabhulosi.

Ama - necklacles, Ama - brooches, Namaciji

Imigexo yamakhosi, njengeNdlovukazi uMary’s Fringe Necklace, ivame ukusinda ngamatshe amakhulu ayigugu futhi idluliswa ezizukulwaneni. Ibhuroka lisebenza kokubili njengohlobisi nophawu lokuhlobisa; eminingi inezithombe noma ama - locket amalungu omkhaya. Ama - earring, ngokuvamile afana nama - tiara noma imigexo, abukeka kahle. i-Cambridge Diana ka-Kanotara, eyagqokwa nguPrinces Diana futhi kamuva ngu-Kate Mobacton, iyisibonelo esidumile se-tiara ehlotshiswe amadle.

Amagugu Omqhele Odumile Emhlabeni Wonke

Izizwe eziningana zilondoloza amaqoqo adumile amatshe ayigugu omqhele emhlabeni, ngalinye elinencazelo ehlukile nokubaluleka kwempucuko. Ngezansi kunezibonelo ezivelele kakhulu.

Amagugu Omqhele WoMbuso Ohlangene

Ibekwe eWallown House eTower of the London, i-British Forces Ilebrals iyaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Iqoqo lihlanganisa i-Imperial State Cord, egqokwa ukuvuleka kwezwe lePhalamende, neSt Edward’s Cord, esetshenziswa kuphela ngesikhathi sokuthweswa umqhele. i-Chosalm’s Orb, iSclear, ne-Scopelters, futhi i-oral eqophelweni lokuhloba. Izivakashi zingabona amadayimane amakhulu aseCullin, iKoh-Noorday (i-orday'smes's's's pronings) kanye ne-Blall’s Rurban (icelrel), i-as, nakuba inani lawomlando likhulu. Imininingwane yayo ingabangwa kakhulu. [R.]

Amagugu Omqhele WaseFrance

Amagugu omqhele aseFrance asakazwa kakhulu ngemva kokuwa kombuso wamakhosi. Amaningi athengiswa entengiselwano ngo-1885, kodwa ezinye izingcezu zemifanekiso ziyasinda. UMnumzane we-Louis XV, wenziwa ukuze athweswe isigqebhezana sakhe ngo-1722, manje use-Louvre. IRegent Daymond, itshe eliyigugu eliyi- 140-carat elitholakele eNdiya, lafakwa emqheleni futhi kamuva lasetshenziswa egodleni likaNapoleon. I-FOLD YaseFrance ihlanganisa futhi i-Sancy Diamond ne Hope Diamond (manje kuyi-Smithlamian). Namuhla, izinto ezimbalwa kuphela ezisele eqoqweni yomphakathi yaseFrance, eziboniswe e-Louvrence naseMusée de Artys. [Flm:]

I - Imperial Regalia YaseRussia

I-alfasia yaseRussia, esetshenziswa ama-Tsars, ihlanganisa i-Monomakh’s Cap(a-uboya obunoboya obunemigerho yegolide yekhulu le-13 noma le-14(ne-Great Imperial Corne, yenzelwe uCatherine Omkhulu ngo1762. Lo mqhele uhlanganisa amadayimane angu-4,936 ne-pinel enkulu ebomvu. I-OrlovDiamond, kanye ingxenye yentonga ye-Catherine Great, manje iseNkongoze yeDiamond yeKremlin. Ngemva kweNguquko yeRussia, izingcezu eziningi zathengiswa nguhulumeni waseSoviet, kodwa iNgxobo yeDamond eyigugu kakhulu emhlabeni. [[FLT: 0] [Exlore iqoqo leNqokotho yeDamond ye-Damond [FF1]]

Ezinye Iqoqo Eliphawulekayo

Umqhele Wobukhosi Wase - Iran

Amagugu omqhele we-Iran, agcinwe eCentral Bank of Iran eTehran, ahlanganisa iDarya-i-Noor dayimane (elinye lamadayimane amakhulu kunawo wonke obubomvu) neKini Cord yamakhosi aseQajar. Lezi zingcezu zasetshenziswa amakhulu eminyaka futhi manje ziyigugu lesizwe. iBank yaseIran inikeza ukwaziswa ngefekitha yeNational Yeyers .

Amagugu Omqhele WaseSweden

Izakhiwo zobukhosi zaseSweden zihlanganisa noMqhele ka - Eric XIV, owawenziwa ngo - 1561, nemiqhele eminingana yombuso eyasetshenziswa ekuthweseni izintambo kwaze kwaba ngo - 1907.

Amagugu Omqhele WaseSpain

Umqhele osetshenziswa ekuthwesweni kuka - Alfonso XII (manje ogcinwe eRoyal Palace of Madrid) awuyona imiqhele eshabalaliswe emlilweni. IJoyas de la Corona (Amagugu AseCrown) ihlanganisa iTiara yeNdlovukazi eyenziwe ngegolide nedayimane laseSpain.

Ukulondolozwa, Ukuboniswa, Nokusetshenziswa Kwanamuhla Kwamatshe Ayigugu

Namuhla, amagugu amaningi ayigugu agcinwe eminyuziyamu elondekile noma emagumbini angaphansi, anakekelwa ngokucophelela amaqembu ezindawo zokuhlola izakhiwo. Amagugu e-British Force Inscher aqashelwa njalo eTower of London, lapho izigidi zezivakashi ziwabheka khona unyaka ngamunye. IJewels House ilawula umswakama, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokukhanyisa ukuze ivikele amatshe ayigugu nezinsimbi ekungcolisweni. Ukuhlanza nokuhlola njalo kwenziwa yi-Cord Ilebraler, indawo ebekwe uMark Appleyard.

Naphezu kwesikhundla sawo emnyuziyamu, izinto eziningi zisasetshenziswa ngokwemikhosi. I-Imperial State Cord igqokwa minyaka yonke eSikhungweni sombuso sePhalamende. AmaTiara namabhuloho abolelwa amalungu omkhaya wasebukhosini ukuze kwenziwe idili nemishado. Lendima ehlangene, qhaza elingokomlando, njengoba izakhiwo ezingokomlando kanye nezimpawu eziphilayo zilinganiswa ngokucophelela. I-Reprojectives ngezinye izikhathi zenzelwe ukunciphisa imishadoo.

Izimpikiswano Nezimpikiswano Ezingokwesayensi

Ukuqinisekiswa kwamagugu amaningi ayigugu kuye kwavusa izimpikiswano ngokuphangwa kwempi, ukufuduswa kwezwe, nefa lempucuko. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Koh-i-Noor daydim iye yathathwa eNdiya, iPakistan, i-Afghanistan, ne-Iran, nakuba ihlala eBritish Cordhals. Ngokufanayo, amadayimane aseNdiya nase-Afrika aye athathwa njengempango yempi noma intela. Amanye amamnyuziyamu aqale ukuxoxa ngalezindaba ngokucwaninga okuqinisekisiwe futhi, ngokwezimo ezingavamile, izivumelwano zokubuyisana. Ingxoxo engokokuziphatha iyaqhubeka, ukwenezela ububanzi bokwazisa lezi zinto.

Ubungcweti Obuyikho Bezinto Eziyigugu Zasebukhosini

Ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokuhloba zasebukhosini ngokomlando kuye kwahlanganisa abakhandi begolide abaphambili, abaqongelela amatshe ayigugu, nabanamanamelller. Phakathi neNkathi yeNkathi yeNkathi Yempucuko, uBenvenuto Cellini wasebenzela opapa namakhosi. Ngekhulu le-19, indlu kaGarrard (manje uGarrard uCo.) yasebenza njengesikhulu sikaHulumeni weMeyilarethary kubukhosi baseBrithani. Imithetho yanamuhla, njengeyabaphathi beNdlovukazi, isafuna izindinganiso eziphakeme kakhulu. I-techniques njengepavé, i-pald, i-fillengree, ne-cophicop iyaqhubeka isetshenziswa, ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa namathuluzi anamuhla anembile.

Ingxenye ngayinye yemigexo eyigugu eyigugu eyigugu ivame ukwakhiwa ngezakhi ezikwazi ukuhlanganisa izinto ukuze ivumelane nezimo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Imperial State Corner, inezinsika ezihlukene ezingasuswa ukuze zisetshenziswe lula. Inqubo yokuklama yayihlanganisa ubunjiniyela obuyinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imiqhele ilinganiselwe futhi iboshelwe imikhosi yamahora amaningana.

Ukuqoqa Nokutshala Izimpahla Ebukhosini Okuphenduphendukayo

Nakuba amagugu omqhele wokuqala engabizi futhi engadluli, imakethe yokuhloba okuthathelwe izakhiwo eziphefumulelwe izakhiwo, izakhiwo zezindlu zezindlu zezindlu zenkosi, kanye nezingumale engokomlando zenza itshe. Izindlu zokuhlobisa njenge-Christie's ne Sotheby's ziqhubeka zichuma. Izindlu ezidayiswa kaningi ngokugcinwa kwemidwebo yamakhosi, ngokuvamile zigunyaza izigidi. Ngokwesibonelo, iqoqo lemigebengu yemigebengu yeWindsor elithatha ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 (R350 000) ngo-1992. Abaqoqi bezincwadi bahlola umlando wengxenye ngayinye, umniniyo wokuqala, nokubukeka kwayo emifanekisweni nezithombe. Nokho, abathengi kumelwe baqaphele ukuveza nokuphakamisa imikhiqizo; isiqinisekiso esinjengobaseRoyal Colley Trust.

Kulabo abanesithakazelo sokufunda okwengeziwe ngomlando wobukhosi obuyigugu, i-Royal Coocting Trust inikeza imilando eningiliziwe yezinto zonke eziqoqwe eBrithani, kuhlanganise nezithombe eziphezulu ezivunyelelwe nemisebenzi eqinisekisiweyo. Victoria kanye no-Albert Museum [ ilondoloza futhi iqoqo lemigede elibalulekile elinamakhulu ambalwa eminyaka.

Ukubaluleka Kwamagugu Ombuso Ngosiko Nangokombangazwe Namuhla

Kulelikhulu lama-21, amagugu ayigugu asalokhu enezimpawu ezinamandla. Anendawo eqinile, aheha ukuvakasha, futhi asebenza njengezikhumbuzo ezibonwayo zomlando wesizwe,(-) futhi zombili ziwudumo nobuhlungu. Amamonarcha asekhona, njenge-United Kingdom, Sweden, neJapane, i-apia ihlanganisa umbusi wamanje nohlu lozalo oluhlehle. Kulawo angaphambili ama-monarchy anjengeFrance neRussia, izingxenyana ezisasele ziveza kokubili ukuvuka nokuxwayiswa ngempumelelo yamandla.

Umphakathi uthanda izinto zokuhloba zasebukhosini ubonise ukuthi amaphepha, izincwadi, nezindaba zomphakathi ezigxile kulendaba zinezizigidi zabalandeli. Imibukiso eveza amagugu obukhosi, njenge “Itshe Eliyigugu nobuhle beSikhungo Sobukhosi” eliboniswa eminyuziyamu eminingana, lidonsa izixuku ezinkulu. Lokhu kugcizelela ukuhlobana okujulile kwabantu nezinto ezimelela igunya, ubuhle, nomlando wephakethe elilodwa, elicwebezelayo.

Ukuqonda umlando nokubaluleka kwemigexo eyigugu yomkhaya wasebukhosini namatshe ayigugu ayigugu kuthuthukisa ukwazisa kwethu ngamasiko ezinto ezibonakalayo nezinhlangano ezabumba izwe lanamuhla.