Isingeniso

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto ezizimele (AVs) emikhankasweni yokugada kwesizwe kumelela ukushintshwa kwe-paradigm ekufezeni indima yazo eyingqayizivele. Ukusekela kokubili imisebenzi yempi ehlangene kanye nokusabela okuphuthumayo kwezwe. Njengoba ibutho lezempi lase-U.S. lisheshisa ukwamukela kwazo izimiso ezingenamzabalazo, i-National Guard ima ekusebenziseni lezi ziteshi ukuze ithuthukise imishini, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhlanganisa, ukukhipha izingozi zezokwelapha, nokukhulula kwenhlekelele. Indawo ephansi, umoya, namatilomu ahamba olwandle ithembisa ukunweba ukufinyelela kwayo ezimweni eziyingozi lapho inciphisa ingozi yokusebenza. Nokho, ukuhlangana okugcwele kudinga ukufika kwemisebenzi yobuchwepheshe, isilinganiso, isilinganiso, izingozi, izingozi, izingozi, izingozi, izingozi ze-National Exvition, izinhlelo zezentest production, intuthuko, imboni, imboni, izinhlelo zezentengiselwa yezentengo.

Isifundazwe Samanje Esizibusayo Emsebenzini Wezempi

Ubuchwepheshe bezimoto ezizimele buye badlulela ngalé kokuhlola ukucwaninga kwaba izinkonzo zempi ezilinganiselwe kuzo zonke izikhali zase-U.U.S. i-National Guard, nakuba ingaqali ngaso sonke isikhathi ekutholeni, iye yahlanganyela ezimisweni eziningi zokuhlola nokuzivivinya okuhlangene ukuze ihlole amakhono e-AV. Lemizamo ihlanganisa indawo ebanzi, indiza, nezindawo zasolwandle, ngayinye enezinga eliphezulu nezinga eliphezulu.

Izinhlayiya Zasemhlabeni

Uhlelo lwe-Army’s Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV) − kuhlanganise nokukhanya, ukuxhumana, kanye nokuhluka okukhulu − kuye kwaba umshayeli oyinhloko wenkululeko engaphansi komhlaba. Ugada uye wenza ukuhlola kwakuqala ngezimoto ezincane ezihamba phansi ezingenazimo (UGVs) njenge RS2. (ngokuvamile waziwa ngokuthi “MARS”) ukuvikela futhi i-perimnaices kanye ne-perimeter phakathi nemisebenzi yemisebenzi yemisebenzi yemisebenzi esebenzayo. I-Marine Corps’s Low-paneo-P UGV (L-UGV) ihlolwe futhi yimishini yonjiniyela ukuqhuma noma ukulahlwa kwendlela ecacile. Nakuba manje i-UGVV idinga ukuqondisa okuphawulekayo, intuthuko ekwayakhepheni lokuzivumela ukuba zilandele, futhi igweme ukulawulwa kwabantu.

Izimiso Zomuthi

Izimiso ze-octennaissance (ISR) ziyindawo eqinile kakhulu ezimeleyo egatsheni. Cishe wonke umbuso unamabutho Asemkhosini i-MQ1C Gray Eagle noma i-MQ-9 Umvuni, osetshenziselwa ukuqondisa ukuhlakanipha, ukuqapha, nokuhlasela futhi usebenzise ama-reconnaissance. Amaphiko e-National National National National asebenzisa i-RQ-4 Global Hawk ne MQ-9, ngokuvamile andiza amahlelo abantu aqondiswayo ngokuqondisa kokuqalisa nokululama. Amahlelo amaCurbedcopter, anjenge-Skio X2, athunyelwa yiqembu labagawuli beze inhlekelele. U-Autonomy kulezi zimiso zisho indlela enkulu yokuhlola, ukuthatha indawo ephezulu, ukuthutha, nokuzihambela kwezimoto; icebo leqiniso; ukuhlasela nokuzibamba ngenkampane.

Izimiso Zokuhamba Ngemikhumbi

Imikhumbi yangaphandle engaxhunyiwe (USVs) nezimoto zangaphansi kwamanzi (UVs) azivamile kakhulu kugada kodwa zithola imvume. I-Sea Hunter prover-discement UV kanye neManta Ray UUV encane iye yaboniswa ekuqeqesheni okubambisanayo ne-Coast Guard and Navy Reserve, ngokuvamile okuziqeqeshela eduze kwamaqoqo agada. Amanye amazwe anezindunduma ezinkulu zolwandle (umz. Florida, Florida, California) aye azama ngemishini eqinile nezindawo zokuqondisa imikhumbi ezinamagemfekethe ekude phakathi nokusabela kwesiphepho. Indima yeNqanda ecwebeni lemikhumbi yasolwandle ehlala ngaphansi kwemikhumbi eyingozi noma emanzini angcolile.

Izinyathelo Zokuqapha Zesizwe

I-National Guard Bureau (NGB) iye yasungula amangqamuzana amaningana amasha kanye nokubambisana ukuze isheshise ukutholwa kwe-AV. Uhlelo lwe-Army Guard “lokulwa”, uhlelo lwe-Audir Guard Guard’s, imicabango ye-“Active Communing Comment" nezindlela zikahulumeni ezifana ne-Texas“ Inkanyezi Engalawulekiyo” zonke uhlelo lokuhlola i-AV ezimweni ezingokoqobo. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nokuzivivinya [[FLT: 0] i-VINTY] Intelekelelo eqinile [[ [indlela ekhethekile] (impendulo ye-CRN) kanye [FLT] ne-CYG:2] ISQUM, izimoto ezizimele zasetshenziswa ekunikezeni izinto ezingcolisiwe futhi zihambisa izinhlelo ezihlangene zezokuxhumana ezihambisana nezokuhlola.

Izinzuzo Ezingase Zizuze Abaqaphi Besizwe

Izimoto ezizimele zinikeza izinzuzo eziningi ezivumelana nenhlansi ye - Guard, ngokuvamile edinga ukuba umsebenzi usebenze ngokushesha, imishini ehlukahlukene, kanye nezinyawo ezimi kancane.

  • Ukuphepha okungahlaseleka eMbindini we-Hazadeus Environments: Ama-AV angasebenza endaweni ezungezile yamakhemikhali, engokwemvelo, e-radilogic, neyasenyukliya (CBRN) phakathi nezindawo ezishisayo, emfucumfucwini yokuzamazama komhlaba, noma ngaphansi komlilo wesitha (__ngaphandle kokufaka engozini izisebenzi."Phakathi kwemililo ye-2020 ye-California, i-UGV enezikhamera ezishisayo yasetshenziselwa ukudweba imigqa eshisayo futhi yayisa amanzi ezindaweni ezikude, inciphisa ukushiswa komlilo nentuthuko.
  • Ukwandiswa kwempumelelo ye-Logistics kanye ne-Reconnaissance: Izimiso zokuzilawula zingasekela amasosha ahlala isikhathi eside ajikelezayo kanye neminye imisebenzi yokuthutha ngaphandle kokukhathala kwamaqembu. Ekamu yamabutho, amasosha angenamdlandla anganciphisa inani elidingekayo ukuze anqobile ukulondeka. Emasimini, ama-frones azimele anganikeza i-ISR eqhubekayo ezindaweni ezibanzi, aqaphele ushintsho endaweni noma emsebenzini futhi axwayise abahlazi.
  • Ukukhulula amasosha ngemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi: Nakuba izindleko zokuqala ziphakeme, ama-AV anganciphisa izimfuneko zezisebenzi emisebenzini ephindaphindwayo / njenganogada bepereter, ukuhamba kwemithwalo, kanye nendlela yokususa isivinini sezimoto, ukukhulula amasosha ngemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi. Ukunciphisa uphethiloli ngokufaka imoto ngokuyilungisa ngokuyihlela futhi kunciphe isilinganiso semithetho esekelwe ezingeni eliphansi nakho futhi kunikela ekulondolozeni isikhathi eside. Ucwaningo lweNhlangano yeNhlangano yezentengiselwano lulinganisela ukuthi ukuthatha 20% yezimoto ezinamasondo alinganayo okuzingalinganayo kunganciphisa izindleko zokushayela ngenkathi engu-1218% yeminyaka eyishumi.
  • I-Flerability kunye nokungaguquguquki: Amapulatifomu azimele angafakwa ngokushesha ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene(arctic, ugwadule, idolobha, noma imikhumbi-mayela) ngokulungiselela okuncane. Uhlelo lwamagada lusho ukuthi lezi zimiso zingabekwa ngaphambi kwezikhali zikahulumeni futhi zivuselelwe ngokushesha ukuze kuphendulwe inhlekelele, bese zihlanganiswa ngokushelela emithunyweni yombuso ngaphansi kwesihloko 32 noma 10 USC. Ubuchwepheshe be-Swarm bungavumela umqondisi oyedwa ukuba alawule izinto eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, andise amandla eGajimi angenazo izisebenzi ezisebenza ngokwesilinganiso.
  • I-Modental Awarevery e-'Antel's: Izinzwa ze-odat ne-data enamandla e-Al kunganikeza abaqondisi besithombe esivamile sokusebenza esishintshwa ngesikhathi sangempela. Izimoto ezizimele zingasebenza njengama-node ezisebenzisa izinzwa ezihambayo, zihambisane nokwaziswa ngapha kwenethiwe futhi zinciphise amagebe olwazi avame ukuhlasela ukusabela ngenhlekelele.
  • Ilulaza i-Creasurection ku-Human Multers: Ngezinqumo ezizenzekelayo (umzk., ukulandela indlela yokuhamba, ukushintsha isivinini endaweni, ukubuyela lapho kuncishiswe uphethiloli), ama-AV avumela amasosha ukuba agxile ezinqumweni eziphezulu. Lokhu kuyeka ukusebenza kubaluleke kakhulu kugada abaqeshi abahamba ngesitimela abakwazi ukunyakaza futhi bangabhekana nejika eliya eweni lapho kusetshenziswa izimo eziphuthumayo.

Izinselele Nokucabangela

Naphezu kwalezi zinzuzo, kumelwe kuxoxwe ngezithiyo eziningana ngaphambi kokuba izimoto ezizimele zibe ithuluzi elivamile eMkhandlwini Wamabutho Kazwelonke.

Ukubuyiselwa Kobuchwepheshe Ezimweni Ezizungezile Ezihlolisisiwe Neziyinkimbinkimbi

Izimiso ezizimele zincike emninindweni yezinzwa (I-LIDAR, iradar, i-GPS, ne-algoriths yokuya e-apply ukuze ikwazi ukuthatha futhi yenze izinqumo. Ezindaweni ezigcwele i-GPS-densid . njengemihubhe, ngaphansi kogqinsi lwezihlahla, noma ezindaweni ezinezimpi ze-electronic. Lezi zimiso zesimiso zingahluleka. Izimo ezisebenzayo ze-gade zihlanganisa yonke into kusukela ekuvulekeni kogwadule kuya endaweni yasemadolobheni egcwele imfucucucu, ngayinye iveza izinselele ezingavamile. Ngokwesibonelo, iziphepho zesihlabathi zingaphuphuthekisa i-LIDAR, kuyilapho imvula noma inkungu incithane. I-Reliaticing formulation SLAM (ibrationtion officiod proced) imisebe ye-mssss, futhi ihluleka ukubuyisela imoto esimweni esimweni esiphephile lapho incikelelwe i-RC.

Usongo Lokuphepha

Izimoto ezizimele zixhumene kakhulu, zizenze zibe sengozini yokuhlaselwa yizimo ze-inthanethi. Amajaji angaminya ama-application, izithako zolwazi, noma ama-codentiat ombiss ayingozi ukuze athumbe noma akhubaze imoto. Amagada, njengazo zonke izingxenye zezempi, kumelwe aqinisekise ukuthi ama-AV aqinile, ama-data afihliwe, futhi angekho olayini esemthethweni. Umbiko wamashumi amabili222 GAO omthetho wezempi owe-odwa oqokomisa ukuthi uMnyango Wezentengosi (DoD) awukazisekeli ngokugcwele izindinganiso zezesisekelo sezwe i-UGV, futhi eziningi zezentengo ezisetshenziswa kuvivinywe i-Geffel ezingekho ukuhlolwa kwezempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuncitshiswa kwe-galelo lezentengosi ye-'injini yezentellics (g.) kunganezela kulokhu kuveza imibandela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezenteyi ye-injini ye-igest.

Izindaba Ezingokomthetho Nezemithetho

Isici esiphikisana kakhulu sokuzimela kwezempi yizihambeli zokwenza izinqumo ezibulalayo. I-DoD Directive 3000.09 (2023 eshintshwe ngo-2023) igunyaza ukuthi izimiso zezikhali ezizimele kumelwe zivumele ukulawulwa komuntu ngezinqumo zesithembiso ngaphandle kokuba kunikwe othile owethulayo. Kube imisebenzi engeyoye-palheal enjengesithuthi, i-reconnaissance, nokungakhishwa kwezokwelapha, igxile ekuzithwaleni isibopho: uma imoto ebophana nemoto engekho emthethweni, ilimaza isikhala sekhala, noma ihluleka ukunikeza usizo phakathi nenhlekelele, enecala, umenzi, umenzi wezomthetho, noma umthuthukisi, umthuthukisi we-AIPrometers, noma umthuthukisi weze-AIProvi, ngaphandle kweminyango yomphakathi, futhi i-umthetho wezelele ezimivini ezimisweni zempini ezingokomthetho. Izikhulu zezindawo eziningi zempi zisemasipala.

Izindleko Nomqondo Onengqondo Wokuthonya

Ukuthola izimoto ezizimele kumane kuyingxenye yezindleko. Ukunakekela kudinga ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe ezimisweni zomthetho, ze-Al, kanye nobunjiniyela be-nethinet − ubuciko obubekwe ukuthi ugada manje abanawo amandla ezinto eziphilayo. Izingxenye zinikeza amaketanga emishini ephambili nemishini elawulayo ehamba phambili. I-Sparent ingaba khona kalula ngemijikelezo yakudala yempi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa i-AVss kwizimiso zomyalo ezikhona nomthetho-onqakele (umz., i-Army’s Mis Mission Syce okanye i-Commonetic Ification) kudinga i-software nezindinganiso ze-data ezisakhemidayo esaqhubeka. Imijikelezo yezeko yezemfundo yezentengo yomthetho, exhomeke kuzo zomthetho wombuso wombuso womthetho-onke, okungahlangane nezimiso ezidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe i-AV.

Ukuthuthuka Kwezobuchwepheshe

Ukuze unqobe lezi zinselele kudingeka ugxilise imali ezinsikeni zobuchwepheshe eziningana eziyinhloko.

Ukuhlakanipha Okusebenzayo Nokufunda Ngomshini

I-AI ingunobangela wokusebenza okuzimele. I-AVs idinga izinhlelo ezithembeke kakhulu ezingahlanganisa indawo ezungezile ehlukahlukene nengakhonziwa njengendawo ezungezile. Ukucwaninga kwamanje, njenge-Autodificial Integionation Center (AI2C) ne-Defective Research Projects Agency (DARPA) izinhlelo ezifana ne-Pinenivance Swarm- licctd Taccts (ING), igxila ekuqiniseni ukufunda nokuhlela imishini ejulile yemizwa nokwakheka kwemizwa. Nokho, izimiso ze-AIAIS ayinawo umqondo ovamile nowolwazi oluvamile abantu abathembela kulo, bezenza zibe yinguquko ezimweni ezidumile. Ugawungazuza ngokushesha ekuzinzeni kwe-AIAIP, ukujw.

Umthetho - sisekelo Oyisici Nowokulinganisela

Ukuqonda kudinga ukuhlanganisa ukwaziswa okuvela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinzwa. I-LIDAR inikeza ibalazwe eliphezulu elilungisa izinzwa 3D kodwa izwela esimweni sezulu; i-radar ingena esimweni sezulu kodwa inesinqumo esiphansi; amakhamera e-EO/IR anikeza umongo kodwa axhomeke ekukhanyeni. I- fusion algorialism kumele ilinganise inzwa ngayinye ngamandla nokubona ukungavumelani okungabonisa ukuhlobana. I-Joint Program Office ye-Boloticics kanye ne-AUniobacture Systems (JPO-RAS) ibilokhu ithuthukisa i-mouse discial ejwayelekile izimpawu ze-sociomsssss, okunganciphisa ukuhlangana kwemicimbiswano-mgoqondo-o-om

Ukuxhumana Nomyalo Kunokulawula

Izimoto ezizimele zidinga ukuncishiswa kwe-telemetrin kanye nokushintshwa kwe-odokisi. I-gade isebenza endaweni lapho imibhoshongo yamangqamuzana ingase inciphe (impendulo ye-distaster) noma ngaphansi kokuhlaselwa (i-combat). Amakhambi ahlanganisa i-ad hoc mesh yemistism ye-software echazwe ngokusemthethweni, ukuxhumana kwezigungu ze-injini, kanye nokwaziswa kobuchwepheshe kuxhumene ne-Integractal Networket (ITN) kanye ne-ARight Force Ed Edroad Diviced Division (ABMS) kwakha imishini yokuxhumana nabantu nezitejini. Kuyinhloso igalelo “enziwe nge-manncnc - manncling" lapho i-implient'engation ilawula khona i-temply trading, ngisho ne-med syst syst systems.

Ukulawula, Izimiso Zokuziphatha, Nokuzivumelanisa

Ukusetshenziswa kwemithetho kahulumeni, kahulumeni, neyamazwe ngamazwe kumisa indlela i-Agader engamisa ngayo izimoto ezizimele. I-DoD igcizelela ukuthi izimiso ezilungisiwe ze-D zimelwe ziklanyelwe ukuvumela ukuphatha kwabantu izenzo ezibulalayo. Kugada, lokhu kusho ukuthi noma imuphi u-AV ohlome ngezikhali uyofuna ukuvunyelwa ngokuqondile yizo zombili izikhulu zikahulumeni (ngemisebenzi yasekhaya) noNobhala we-Defense (ngemisebenzi kazwelonke). Emisebenzi yasekhaya, Posse Comitus imingcele evimbela impi ekubopheni umthetho, kodwa izimiso zokuqapha zinganyusa ukukhathazeka okuqhubekayo uma zisetshenziswa ukuze kumiswe ngaphandle kwemvume. I-National Guard Bureaulterbuorniault (iiiiiiie) isebenza ngemithetho ecacile yemithetho ye-AV) eMnyango wombuso weze.

Ukucabangela kwezizwe zonke kuyasebenza futhi lapho amaqembu aqashayo ethunyelwa phesheya. Izimiso ezizimele kumelwe zivumelane noMthetho we-Admid Conflict, odinga umehluko phakathi kwamasosha nezakhamuzi, ukulingana ekuhlaseleni, nokulandisa komphathi. Ukungabikho kwesimo esingokomthetho esicacile sabadlali abazimele (hayi “izikhali,”” kodwa hhayi ngempela“izikhali” ezibangela ishwa”. Izizwe eziningana zihlanganisa iChina, iRussia, ne-Israel `as' ziveza izimiso ezifanayo, ziphakamisa ingozi yokusebenzisa izikhali ezizimele. I-U.S. i-U. i-S. isekeliye yakwazi ukuphatha i-projective ephethe izivumelwano zezizwe ezihlangene, kodwa izivumelwano ezibophekayo azikho.

Indlela Engaphambili

Uma ibheka phambili, i - National Guard cishe iyobona izimoto ezizimele ziguquka zisuka ezikhungweni zempi ziyosetshenziswa emahhovisi ezikhali eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo.

Ukuhlelwa kwamaqembu okungalinganiswanga

Isimiso esiseduze nesikhathi sokugxila kulokhu kuhlanganiswa kwezimiso ezizimele ngemishini yabantu. Ngokwesibonelo, imoto ehamba ngenhlabathi ezimele ingahamba nodwendwe oluhamba ngezinyawo, inikeza amehlo engeziwe (izinsika) futhi ithwele izinto, kuyilapho umholi ongumuntu enza zonke izinqumo zobuchwepheshe. Uhlelo lwe-Mannered Fighting Vehicle (OMFV), nakuba libambezele, likhomba emotweni yesikhathi esizayo elwisana nemoto engasebenza noma engenalo iqembu. Ngokunokwenzeka iQasha lizomukela izinhlelo ezifanayo zeStryker ne Bradley, kusukela ngemishini ye-partless ne-area.

Izindawo Zokulwa Nemisebenzi Esakazwayo

Ukuxoxisana kwezindawo ezincane zokuzimela ezisebenza ngendlela ehlangeneyo. Ngokusabela kwenhlekelele, inqwaba yama-drones angadweba indawo enkulu yabasindi noma anikeze imiholo emincane (umz., ukudlulisa, izibhebhe zokuhlanza amanzi) emiphakathini ehlukanisiwe. Ekulweni, izikhukhula zinganqoba izikhungo zokuzivikela komoya zempi noma ukuziphatha okushayelwe inhlekelele. I-DARPA’S NHLOMVU nohlelo lweNdlwano lweNdlwane lwe-URCURC, kanye nohlelo lwe-Ultley - Urlective Syle Sirming Technology (LCUST) lubonise ukuziphatha okuyisisekelo. Isimo somgawulo wabali we-gawugawunga singaba lungawenziwe ukuba lulawule imicimbi, njengoba zidinga ukuhlelwa kwemisebenzi emikhulu kodwa imishini.

Ukusabela Enhlekeleleni Nosizo Olungabantu

Izimoto ezizimele zingaguqula umsebenzi obonakalayo kakhulu woMgaqo-majoni: ukusabela kwasekhaya okuphuthumayo. Ngemva kweziphepho, izikebhe ezizimele zingahlola izingqimba zebhuloho nemfucumfucu ezindaweni ezihamba emanzini. Phakathi nemisele yemlilo, izimoto ezizimele zingabangela ukusha komlilo noma zihambise izinto ezisetshenziswa abacimi bomlilo ezindaweni eziphakeme. Ekuzama komhlaba, i-UGVs enekhamera nezinzwa zokuzwa zingathola izisulu ngaphansi kwemfucumfucu ngaphandle kokufaka engozini amaqembu afuna imfucumfucu. I-gade kulemisebenzi i-gadelela imfuno emfuno eqinile, izimiso ze-Ocloficity ezingahlanganiswa ngokushesha nemisebenzi ye-FEMA ne-ocerty.

Ukuhlanganiswa nomyalo ne Control okuhlangene

Izingxabano zesikhathi esizayo zidinga ukuhlangana okungenamsoco emoyeni, emhlabeni, olwandle, emkhathini, nase-website. Izimoto ezizimeleyo zizosebenza njengama-node kuMyalo noLawulo lwe-Joint All hontswook (DADC2), zihlanganyela futhi zithole umsebenzi ovela kuma-echelon aphezulu. Ugada kumelwe aqinisekise ukuthi ama-AV azo ayahambelana ne-JADC2 asemthethweni obalulekile kodwa adingekile ukugwema “i-topipedid” izimiso ezingakwazi ukuxhumana nomayela nemisebenzi engaphezulu. Ukuvivinya okufana [[#:0] nokuphathwa kweNyakatho kanye ne UGUMGUMKSWEK] uGWELO NOKWEZI]

Isiphetho

Ikusasa lezimoto ezizimele emsebenzini we-National Guard lithembisa futhi liyinkimbinkimbi. Lezi zimiso zingasindisa ukuphila, zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle, futhi zandise amakhono oMgada ekulweni nasenhlekeleleni. Kodwa uma ziqaphela ukuthi ikusasa elikhona liyodinga ukugcinwa kobuqotho obuqinile, i-commusting, izimiso zezimiso zezimiso, nokuqeqeshelwa izisebenzi. Agade kumelwe futhi asebenzise indawo esemthethweni ehlukene futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ahlale ngokubambisana ngokubambisana nezindawo ezihlangene. Ngokufunda ngokuhlola kwamanje nangokuthuthukisa ubuhlobo obuqinile ne-academia, imboni, nemisebenzi esebenzayo, i-National Guard ingazimela ngokwayo njengomholi ekutholeni i-techology ephethe i-ogalo. Njengoba usongo lwendawo ezungezile nezindawo ezisebenzelayo ziyo, ukuvuleka, izimoto ezidingekayo, kanye nezinkonzo ezisemgangayo, ezisekhulwini lama-21.