Isisekelo Sokuhlanganyela Ngokwentando Yeningi

Imfundo ye-pic isebenza njengetshe elilawula idemokrasi esebenzayo, ihlomisela izakhamuzi ulwazi namakhono adingekayo ukuze zingenele ngokunenzuzo enqubweni yokuvota. Ihamba ngaphandle kwempoqo elula yokuthuthukisa ukuqonda okujulile ngendlela uhulumeni asebenza ngayo, kungani kuhileleke izinto, nendlela izenzo ngazinye ezithonya ngayo imiphumela. Ngokugxilisa umuzwa wemisebenzi yomphakathi kusukela ebuntwaneni, imiphakathi ingathuthukisa ulwazi oluthe xaxa, ukuvota, nokumelana nezenzo.

Ekujuleni kwayo, imfundo yomphakathi iphathelene nokuthola amandla. Iguqula izibukeli ezingenzi lutho zibe abahlanganyeli abakhuthele abangahlola ngokugxeka abazobhapathizwa, izinqubo, nemiyalezo yemithombo yezindaba. Lokhu kuqonda okuyisisekelo kubaluleke kakhulu enkathini yokugcwala kolwazi nokuhlukana kwezombangazwe, lapho izakhamuzi kumelwe zisebenzise izimpikiswano eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zihlukanise iqiniso nemfundo eqanjiwe. Ngaphandle kwemfundo yomphakathi eqinile, inhloso yentando yeningi yokuzisiza umphakathi ihlala inzima.

Okwenza Imfundo Ehambisana Nezigaba Ibaluleke Kakhulu Manje Kunanini Ngaphambili

Ukubaluleka kwemfundo yomphakathi kudlulela ngalé kosuku lokhetho. Kwakha inhloko - dolobha yezenhlalo edingekayo ukuze imiphakathi ixazulule izinkinga ndawonye futhi igcine abaholi benecala. Ukucwaninga kuveza ngokungaguquki ukuthi abantu abathola imfundo ephambili yomphakathi basengozini kakhulu yokuvota, bokuzithandela, bathintana nezikhulu zomphakathi, futhi bahileleke kwezinye izinhlobo zemisebenzi yezombangazwe neyomphakathi. Lokhu kuqinisa izinhlangano zentando yeningi kuzo zonke izinga.

Imfundo ye-CBIVI inikeza ikhambi elibucayi ngokufundisa ukufunda nokubhala, ukukhuthaza ukukhulumisana okunenhlonipho phakathi kobufakazi obuyiqiniso, futhi igcizelela ukubaluleka kobufakazi obuyiqiniso. Lapho izakhamuzi ziqonda amalungelo azo namalungelo abanye, zihlonyiselwa kangcono ukuvikela izindinganiso zentando yeningi nokumelana nokuthambekela kobushiqela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo yomphakathi inendima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukulingana. Imiphakathi ebekwe ngokweziphakamiso eziphansi kakhulu iye yangahlangani nezokuthatha isinyathelo esiphelele ezimisweni zentando yeningi. Izinhlelo zemfundo zomphakathi ezihloselwe ukuthatha izithuba zingasiza ekuvaleni amagebe ngokunikeza ulwazi nokuqiniseka okudingekayo ekuqondiseni izimfuneko zokubhaliswa, ekuhloleni indawo esemthethweni, nesimiso sezombangazwe esibanzi. Lokhu kunika zonke izakhamuzi amandla, kungakhathaliseki isizinda, ukuba zizwa amazwi azo.

Imiphumela yezomnotho futhi inamandla. Ama-socience anamazinga aphakeme ezivumelwano zomphakathi athambekele ekubeni nohulumeni abasabela kakhulu, ukonakala okuphansi, nezinkonzo zomphakathi ezingcono. Abavoti abanolwazi bathambekele kakhulu ekusekeleni izimiso ezithuthukisa ukuchuma isikhathi eside kunenzuzo ethatha isikhathi esifushane. Ngalendlela, imfundo yomphakathi ayiyona nje into eyimfuneko kodwa inzuzo empilweni yesizwe.

Ukunciphisana okujulile phakathi kwemfundo yomphakathi nempilo yentando yeningi, imithombo evela ezinhlanganweni ezinjenge- Isikhungo semfundo ye-CBICO kanye ne- International Institute for Educational Planning[ inikeza ukucwaninga okunzulu nezisekelo.

Izingxenye Zemfundo Yesiko Ephumelelayo

Isimiso semfundo yomphakathi ebanzi kumelwe sixazulule izindawo eziningana ezihlangene. Lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zakhe ukuqonda kobuzwe okungaphezu kolwazi olucatshangelwayo ukuze kusetshenziswe ukusebenza.

Ulwazi Ngezakhiwo Zikahulumeni Nemisebenzi

Abafundi kumelwe baqonde indlela uhulumeni wabo ohlelwe ngayo, kusukela emabhodini esikole nasemikhandlwini yamadolobha kuya kuhulumeni wezwe namagatsha ombuso. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ulwazi ngokuhlukanisa imibuso, ukuhlola nokulinganisela, uhulumeni, kanye nokubusa komthetho. Ngaphandle kwalolulwazi lwesisekelo, izakhamuzi azinakuhlola ukuthi uhulumeni wazo wenza kahle kangakanani noma usekela ushintsho ngokuphumelelayo kangakanani.

Inqubo Emangalisayo Ngokuningiliziwe

Lokhu kudlulela ngalé kokwenza amavota ahlanganise imithetho yokubhalisa, ngokuyinhloko nokhetho oluvamile, indima ye-Electoral College (e-U.S.), izimali zomkhankaso, ukuvuselelwa, nezinqubo zokuhlola. Ukuqonda indlela amavota ahunyushelwa ngayo amele ukumelelwa kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezisemthethweni. Amakhono awusizo njengokuthola izindawo zokuvota, ukuqonda amakhetho angaphambili, nokuqinisekisa isikhundla sokuvota futhi ukuvota kufanele kufundiswe.

Amalungelo Nemithwalo Yemfanelo Yobusakhazi

Nakuba abaningi befunda ngamalungelo ayisisekelo eSivumelwaneni samalungelo, imfundo yomphakathi kumelwe ibhekane nemithwalo yemfanelo ehambisana nalawo malungelo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umsebenzi wokukhokha izintela, ukukhokha izintela, ukulalela imithetho, nokuhlanganyela enqubweni yentando yeningi. Ukuqonda okuvuthiwe ilungelo lobuzwe kuyaqaphela ukuthi amalungelo awaphelele futhi kumelwe alinganiswe ngokuhle okuvamile. Ukuxoxa ngokungalaleli komphakathi nendima yokuvukela edemokrati nakho kungahlanganiswa lapha.

Ukufunda Nokucabanga Okubucayi Kwemithombo Yezindaba

Kulenkathi yezokusebenza kwemishini, ikhono lokuhlola imithombo yokwaziswa liyikhono eliyisisekelo lomphakathi. Abafundi kufanele bafunde indlela yokuhlukanisa ubandlululo, ukuqinisekisa amaqiniso, ukuhlukanisa izindaba nombono, nokuqaphela inkulumo - ze noma imikhankaso yokuguqula izinombolo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa izimpawu zemithetho, amagumbi okuvolontiya, nezisusa zemali ezingemva kwamapulatifomu ezenhlalo. Izinhlelo ezinjenge-News Literacy Project [[FLT: 1] inikeza abafundisi imithombo emihle kakhulu.

Izehlakalo zamanje kanye nohlelo lwezwe langempela

Imfundo ye-pic ayinakuhlukaniswa nezenzakalo zamanje. Abafundi kufanele bahileleke ezindabeni zendawo, zesizwe, nezembulunga yonke, bahlaziye indlela izimiso zikahulumeni ezithinta ngayo ukuphila kwabo nemiphakathi yabo. Lokhu kungafinyelelwa ngezimpikiswano ezihleliwe, imfaniso, nezifundo ezisekelwe kumsebenzi. Ukuhlanganisa izifundo zasekilasini ezikhona ezimpikiswaneni zangempela kwenza ukwaziswa kubaluleke futhi kukhumbuleke.

Ukuqonda Izigaba Zezombangazwe Namaqembu Anesithakazelo

Imfundo elinganiselwe yomphakathi ichaza indima yamaqembu ezombangazwe, amaqembu enzalo, kanye nemithombo yezindaba ekulolongeni isimiso somphakathi. Abafundi kufanele baqonde imibono ngaphandle kokucindezelwa ukuba babe nombono othile. Kufanele futhi bafunde indlela yokuhlanganyela emaqenjini aphezulu, emaqenjini, nasemikhankasweni yokudla izigebengu uma bekhetha.

Amasu Aphumelelayo Okufeza Imisebenzi

Ukuthuthukisa imfundo yomphakathi kudinga umzamo wenhloso ngamazinga amaningi, kusukela ekuklanyweni kwezifundo kuya ekuhlanganeni komphakathi.

Ukufuduka Kwemfundo Yesibalo Ngalé Kwesimiso Somthetho

Kunokuba zivuselele izikhulu zikahulumeni ukuba zingene ezifundweni zezentengiselwano eyodwa, izikole zingafaka izihloko zomphakathi emlandweni, ezincwadini, ngokwezomnotho, ngisho nasezifundweni zesayensi. Ngokwesibonelo, isifundo somlando nge-Civil Rights Movement singahlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwamasu okubhikisha namalungelo okuvota. Isigaba sezezomnotho singahlola indlela isimiso sentela esibonisa ngayo izindinganiso zomphakathi. Le ndlela yokujeza igcizelela umqondo wokuthi ukuba izakhamuzi zibalulekile kuzo zonke izici zokuphila.

Inqubo Esekelwe Kuyinqubo Nemfundo Ebalulekile

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwezandla kunamandla kakhulu kunezifundo. Izikole zingahlela okhetho lokugcona, ukulingwa okuhlekisayo, ukulingiswa kwemithetho, nezinhlelo zezezimo zeZizwe Ezihlangene. Imisebenzi yokufundisa umsebenzi ehlanganisa abafundi nezinhlangano zomphakathi ibenza babone ithonya lesenzo somphakathi. Lokhu okuhlangenwe nakho kwakha amakhono ngokubambisana, ngokukhuluma emphakathini, nangokulungisa inkinga kuyilapho kuthuthukisa umuzwa wenhlangano.

Ukusebenzisa Ubuchwepheshe Nezinqubo Zobuchwepheshe

Ubuchwepheshe bungandisa amathuba okuthola imfundo yomphakathi futhi buvule amathuba okuxoxa. Othisha bangasebenzisa amapulatifomu asebenza kuyi-iCPIC, anikeza amapulatifomu ahambisana nezifundo, noma basebenzise izimpikiswano ze-intanethi ngokusebenzisa i-software ye-intanethi. Imithombo yezokuxhumana ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya ukukhangisa kwezombangazwe, izimemezelo zokufuna ukuthatha imikhondo, futhi ihlanganyele nezikhulu ezikhethiwe. Nokho, kubalulekile ukufundisa abafundi ukusebenzisa la mathuluzi ngendlela efanele nokuqaphela izihibetho zabo.

Umphakathi Nemikhumbi - sisekelo

Izikole akumelwe zisebenze ngokuzihlukanisa. Ukubambisana nezikhulu zokhetho, izinhlangano ezingazuzi nzuzo, kanye nezinhlangano zikahulumeni kunganikeza abafundi ulwazi olungolwazi nokuhlangenwe nakho okungokoqobo kwezwe. Izikhulumi ezimenyiwe, uhambo lwasemadolobheni noma e-papitol kahulumeni, kanye nemishini yokuvota eqhutshelwa ezikoleni amasu aphumelelayo. Lokhu kubambisana kusiza abafundi ukuba babone izakhamuzi zisebenza phakathi kwemiphakathi yabo.

Ukukhuthaza Ukukhuluma Kwentsha Nokubhalisa Ngaphambi Kokuba Ubhalise

Izifundazwe eziningi zivumela abantu abaneminyaka engu-16 nangu-17 ubudala ukuba bavote ukuze babhaliswe ngokuzenzekelayo uma beneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, izikole zingasiza ekubhaliseni futhi zinikeze ukwaziswa mayelana nomshini wokubhalisa wangaphambi kokuba ubhalise, ukuvota kwasekuqaleni, nokuhlola indawo yokubhalisa. Ukugubha okuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kokuvota ngokuqaphela isikole emhlabeni wonke kungazenza zikwazi ukuthatha isinyathelo futhi zithuthukise imikhuba emihle.

Ukubhekana Nezinselele Eziyinhloko

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwayo, imfundo yomphakathi ibhekene nezithiyo ezinkulu okumelwe ziqashelwe futhi zehliswe.

Izindlela Zokuthola Imali Nengcindezi Yokucwaninga

Izikole eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezingahlolwanga, zintula imithombo yezifundo zomphakathi ezinikezelwe noma imisebenzi yemfundo engcono. Ukucindezela okuvamile kuvame ukuphazamisa izifundo zezenhlalo ukuze kuvunywe ukufunda nokubhala kanye nezibalo. Amakhambi ahlanganisa ukuhlanganisa umphakathi ezifundweni ezikhona, imithombo yezemfundo ye-inthanethi ekhululekile, nokufuna ukunikezwa izinkonzo ezisekelweni zemfundo zomphakathi. Ukufundela isifunda nakuhulumeni nakho kuyadingeka ekuhleleni izifunda zezwe.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezombangazwe Nempikiswano

Ukufundisa ngezindaba zamanje zezombangazwe kungaba nempikiswano, ikakhulukazi uma abazali noma abaphathi benemibono enamandla ehlukanisayo. Othisha kumelwe balawule lokhu kucindezeleka ngokugxila enqubweni nasekhonweni kunasekugxileni. Ukugcizelela ukucabanga okugxekayo, ukuhlolwa kobufakazi, nengxoxo yenhlonipho kuvumela abafundi ukuba bafinyelele iziphetho zabo siqu. Izimiso zesigodi ezicacile ezisekela inkululeko yemfundo kanye nokufundiswa kwezindaba eziphikisanayo kungavikela othisha.

Ukunganaki Kwabafundi Nokungahambisani

Intsha eningi inomuzwa wokuthi ezombangazwe azinamsebenzi ekuphileni kwayo noma ukuthi ukuhlanganyela kwayo ngeke kuyenze mahluko. Ukunqoba lokhu kudinga ukuba abantu bendawo bazenze abantu. Ukuhlanganisa izindaba zendawo – njengokusekela imali yesikole, ukuvikela umphakathi, noma izimiso zendawo ezungezile – okuhlangenwe nakho kwansuku zonke kwabafundi kungavusa isithakazelo. Ukubonisa izibonelo ezicacile zentsha eshisekela izinguquko, njengabafundi baseParkland noma isimo sezulu sobusha, nakho kungaba nethonya.

Izinselele Zokwaziswa Okungeyikho Nezobuchwepheshe

Ukwanda kokwaziswa okunganembile kuyi-inthanethi kusongela ngokuqondile ukuba yizakhamuzi ezinolwazi. Imfundo ye-Civic kumelwe ifundise ngokucacile amasu okuqinisekisa izisholo, ukuqaphela imithombo yezindaba elawulayo, nokuqonda amapulatifomu avusa intukuthelo. Lesi akusona isifundo esisodwa kodwa ikhono eliqhubekayo elidinga ukwenziwa. Izinhlangano ezisebenzelanayo ezisebenza ngokufunda imithombo yezindaba zinganikeza imithombo yemali esetshenziswayo yamanje.

Ukuntuleka Kokuntuleka Okungaguquguquki Ezindaweni Nezifunda

E-United States, izimfuneko zemfundo yomphakathi ziyahlukahluka ngokwesifundazwe ngasinye. Ezinye izifundazwe ziyala unyaka ogcwele womphakathi, kuyilapho ezinye zinezimfuneko ezimbalwa. Imizamo enjenge CivX] Manje ihlangene[ umgomo wokuhlela nokuphakamisa imfundo yesizwe ezweni lonke, kodwa intuthuko ayilingani. Izisusa ze-Federal nesilinganiso sombuso zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi umfundi ngamunye uthola imfundo engcono kakhulu.

Ukulinganisa Umphumela Wemfundo Yesibalo

Ukuze kuthethelelwe izinhlelo zokutshala imali nokucwengisisa, kubalulekile ukulinganisela imiphumela. Ukuhlola okungokwesiko ulwazi lomphakathi, njenge-National Assessment of Educational Progress in State, kunikeza ukwaziswa okuyisisekelo kodwa kungakhomba ukuthembisana okujule kakhulu. Izibalo ezinenjongo kakhulu zihlanganisa amazinga amavoti phakathi kwentsha, ukuhlanganyela enkonzweni yomphakathi, nekhono lokuxoxa ngezindaba zezombangazwe. Izikole futhi zihlola abafundi ukuba bahlole umuzwa wabo wokuphumelela kwezombangazwe nesithakazelo.

Ucwaningo oluthatha isikhathi eside lubonise ukuthi imfundo ephakeme yomphakathi ingandisa umvoti ngamaphuzu afinyelela ku-10 futhi inciphise igebe lokuhlanganyela phakathi kwamaqembu ezenhlalo nezomnotho. Lokhu kuhlola kugcizelela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuba kungenele ekuhlolweni. Ekuhloleni kabanzi imiphumela yemfundo yomphakathi, i- Council ye-Social Studies ye-National Councial for the Social Studies [[FLT:]]] inikeza imithombo ewusizo.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo Nezibonelo Zezwe

Ukuhlola izimiso zemfundo yomphakathi eziphumelelayo ezivela emhlabeni wonke kunezifundo ezingalungiswa endaweni yakini.

IFinland: Inqubo Yokuvubukula

IFinland ihlanganisa imfundo yomphakathi kuzo zonke izifundo zayo, igcizelela ukucabanga okugxekayo, ukubusa ngentando yeningi, nesabelo sezwe esisebenzayo. Abafundi bahlanganyela emikhandlwini yesikole nasemisebenzini yomphakathi kusukela besebancane. Indlela ibekwa phakathi kwabafundi futhi ixhunyelelwe ezimpikiswaneni zezwe langempela, okuphumela ekuvoteleni okukhulu nasekuthembeni uhulumeni.

ECanada: Isimiso Sabafundi Somsebenzi

Uhlelo lwabafundi baseCanada iVote lunezinqumo ezifanayo ezikoleni phakathi nokhetho lukahulumeni, lwesifunda, nomasipala. Abafundi bafunda ngomagazini nangabafundi, bese bephonsa amavolo akhangiswe futhi asakazwe kanye nemiphumela engokoqobo. Uhlelo luye lwaboniswa ukwandisa amavoti entsha nezingxoxo zomkhaya ngezombangazwe.

E - United States: Ama - iCicops Nezenzo

Isekelwe yiJaji leNkantolo Ephakeme uSandra Day O'Connor, ama-iCicof anikeza imidlalo ye-inthanethi yamahhala kanye namasu wesifundo esihlanganisa wonke amagatsha kahulumeni nenqubo yokukhetha. Izinhlelo ze-CPICOP, njengalezo ezilawulwa yi-General Citizen, zinika abafundi amandla okubona indaba yomphakathi, ukuyihlola, nokuthatha isinyathelo esiqinile sokuyidingida. Zombili izihlolo zisho ukuqamba ngekhanda.

Ukubheka Phambili: Ikusasa Lemfundo Yesibalo

Isidingo semfundo eqinile yomphakathi siyokhula kuphela njengoba ubuchwepheshe bushintsha futhi imiphakathi ihlukahluka kakhulu. Izinhlelo zesikhathi esizayo kumelwe zizivumelanise nezindlela ezintsha zokuhlanganyela kwezombangazwe, njenge-millivatism ne-internet communiction communist. Kumelwe futhi zibhekane nezinga lembulunga yonke lezakhamuzi, kuhlanganise nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, amalungelo abantu emhlabeni wonke, kanye nokufuduka kwemiphakathi. Ezweni elihlangene, imfundo yomphakathi ayinakuphela emingceleni yezwe.

Ukuhlakanipha kokwenziwa kunikeza amathuba nezinsongo. Kungasetshenziselwa ukwenza okuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu nokulingisa izimo zezombangazwe eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa futhi kusiza ukusakazeka kwama-ifim namasu anezimo ezizihambelayo. Ukufundisa abafundi ukuba babe abathengi abagxekayo bezinto eziqukethe i-AI. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo yomphakathi kufanele ikhuthaze abafundi ukuba bacabangele izimpawu ezingokokuziphatha ze-Al enkambisweni yombuso nomphakathi.

Okokugcina, imfundo yomphakathi kumelwe ishintshele ekuboniseni amazwi nokuhlangenwe nakho kwazo zonke izakhamuzi. Ukulandisa okungokwesiko kuye kwagxila emibonweni eminingi. Imfundo yezakhamuzi eziphelele ivuma iminikelo yamaqembu ahlulwe ngokwezigaba, umlando wokulwela amalungelo, nomsebenzi oqhubekayo wokulwela ubulungisa. Lokhu akuzuzisi ukuqonda kuphela kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa umuzwa wokuba phakathi kwabafundi abanezizinda ezihlukene.

Ngokutshala imfundo ebanzi, ehlanganisayo nelinganayo, singakha ikusasa lapho isakhamuzi ngasinye sizimisele khona ukuhlanganyela ngokunenjongo enqubweni yentando yeningi.