Ukuqonda Izincwadi Ezingaxhunyiwe Nendima Yazo Ekukhethweni Kwamazwe

I-Political Action Committee (PACs) iye yaba isici esichazayo sezimali zomkhankaso e-United States. Phakathi kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-PACs, i-PACs engekho oxhumanayo isendaweni ekhethekile: bayizinhlangano ezizimele ezisebenza ngaphandle komjolo, izinhlangano zezombangazwe, inhlangano, noma ukuhlangana kwezisebenzi. Ngokungafani ne-PACs, emiswe futhi ephethwe yinhlangano ethile, engekho ehlangeneyo, i-PACs yakhiwa yiqembu labantu abahlanganyela imigomo efanayo yezombangazwe, futhi icela iminikelo evela emphakathini ukuze isekele imisebenzi yabo. La komiti ilawulwa ngemithetho eyinkimbinkimbi kahulumeni elawulwa yi-Punitor Commission (FC), kanye neminye imiqathango engokomthetho engekho emthethweni ehlelayo nakuqondeni kwezinye izinhlangano ezinhlanganweni ezinhlanganweni zezombangazwe, noma ukukhokha igoqoswe, i-ondleka kahle, i-okanye nemithetho engokomthetho engokomthetho, kuhlanganise nemithetho engokomthetho ongokomthetho ongokomthetho ongokomthetho owenziwayo, i-PaC, kanye neminye egunyaza ingekho, i-pa

Kunoma ubani ohamba ngenkani ukwamukela izimali, ukuqonda ngokucacile lemingcele akuyona into engenziwa ngokuthanda. I-FEC igcina uhlelo olunemisebenzi yokuqinisekisa, futhi ukwephulwa kwemithetho evimbela ukufakwa komnikelo kungaphumela ezijezisweni ezinkulu, ezenzweni zokuqinisekisa umphakathi, kanye nasekulimaleni okudumile. Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, uyokwazi kahle ukuthi abantu abaningi kangakanani namanye amakomiti anganikela kuma-PAC, lawo awenqatshelwa ukupha, kanye nalokho okumelwe akwenze kusebenze kuwo womabili i-PAC kanye nezibophotho zayo.

Yini Amaphaphu Angaxhunyiwe? Incazelo Ephelele

Ngaphansi komthetho kahulumeni wezezimali, i-PAC engaxhunyiwe yikomiti yezombangazwe emukela iminikelo noma yenza izindleko ezingaphezu kuka-R1 000 ngonyaka wekhalenda futhi engagunyaziwe umbhalisa noma i-pali yezombangazwe. Ngokungathi kunjalo, i-PAC engaxhunyiwe ayimiswanga, ayilondolozwa, noma ilawulwa inhlangano yezisebenzi, inhlangano yezentengiselwano, noma nanoma yiliphi elinye iqembu lamalungu elicela iminikelo emalungwini ayo. Lenkululeko iyisici esichazayo se-PAC engaxhunyiwe futhi ihlela imithetho yomnikelo esebenza kuyo.

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe ngezinye izikhathi kubhekiselwa kuwo ngokuthi "ama-PAC azimeleyo" noma "acela i-PACs" obala. Kumele abhalise ne-FEC lapho nje ewela umnyango we-$000 futhi kumele amahele ahlale eveza imibiko echaza ama-risidi nokususa kwawo. Ngokungafani namaPiepul PC, okuyikhomba okuncane okuzimele kwamakomiti, ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe angenza iminikelo eqondile kubameleliji, afanelwe yimingcele ehlukene yomnikelo. Lesici esisenza ukuba abe yithuluzi elinemisebenzi eminingi lokuthembisa kwezombangazwe, nakuba futhi ezibeka epulanini elinamapulani eliqinile.

Izibonelo ezivamile ze-PACs ezingezona ezixhunyiwe zihlanganisa i-PACs ehlelwa yi-appocs e-ishicilelwe yi-(candidate-candidate PCs) (Ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-leadership PACs"' uma isungulwa umbango walowo mkhankaso kodwa ingagunyaziwe yi-omkhankaso wombhalisa), kanye namakomiti ezombangazwe asekelwe kumalungu angahlangene nenhlangano eyodwa noma inyunyana. Izinhlobo zalento ngayinye kumele isebenze phakathi kwemingcele efanayo yomnikelo, nakuba umthombo nohlobo lweminikelo evunyelweyo kungahluka kuye ngokwesakhiwo sekomiti.

Imingcele Yeminikelo Engokomthetho: I - cap Yaminyaka Yonke Engu - R2 500

Isilinganiso esiyinhloko somnikelo osetshenziswayo e-PACCS engekho oxhunyiwe yi-$ $5 000 ngonyaka [ isambatho seminikelo ngayinye. Lo mngcele, omiswe yiBipartisan Champaigment Reformation ka 2002 (BCRA) futhi olungiswe ngokuncishintshwa kwenani elilandelayo leminyaka, usebenza eminikelweni eyenziwa umuntu oyedwa kuyi-PAC eyodwa ngonyaka wekhalenda. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi lena [ isilinganiso : umuntu anganikela ngo-$5 000 (R1,5] kanye no-$5] kuJuni ku-PC. Ingqikithi yekhalenda ayidluliswe ku-R5000.

Isilinganiso somthamo wamadollar angamashumi amahlanu anesihlanu (R1,50 000) siyasebenza kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umnikelo wenziwe ngesheke, ngekhadi lokuthenga ngesikweleti, nge-electron, noma ngemisebenzi engekho, noma ngezinkonzo. Iminikelo yohlobo olululo, kuhlanganise nendawo yehhovisi elinikelwe, izinkonzo zobuchwepheshe, noma izindleko zezenzakalo, kumelwe ibhaliswe ngenani elifanele lemali futhi ilinganiswe ngesilinganiso somnikelo waminyaka yonke. Ngokufanayo, iminikelo eyenziwa ngamakomiti ahlangene anezikweleti noma iboshelwe ngemuva kumelwe ibekwe kumniniyo wokuqala futhi ibalelwe emalini elingana ne-R3 500 (R1,5 000) kulowo owamukelayo wonke owamukelayo.

Akukho mngcele olinganayo wokuthi umuntu anganikela kangakanani kuwo wonke ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe ngonyaka owodwa; isilinganiso sisebenza ku-PAC ngayinye, ngonyaka ngamunye. Ngakho, umuntu anganikela ngokomthetho i-PAC ewuR35 000 kuya kweyishumi ezingaxhunyiwe ngonyaka ofanayo, ingqikithi engu-R250 000 eminikelweni, uma nje kungekho PIC ethola imali engaphezu kuka-R35 000.

Ushintsho Lwamanani Emali Nezinguquko Zesikhathi Esizayo

Umngcele ungaphansi koshintsho olungapheli lwe-dollar 5000 luxhomeke kushintsho olubangelwa ukunyuka kwamandla omnotho. I-FEC ibala isilinganiso somnikelo njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili ngokusekelwe kushintsho lwe-Consumer Price Index. Lokhu kulungisa kulinganiselwe ngokwesilinganiso kodwa kufanele kugcinwe ngokucophelela ochwepheshe abalalelayo. Njenge-2025-2026, isilinganiso somnikelo sihlala singu $5 000 (R1,000) ngonyaka nge-PAC engaxhunyiwe, nakuba lokhu kungalungisa ukukhuphuka kwemijikelezo yesikhathi esizayo. I-FEC imingcele ehlaziywebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni, futhi abagcini bemali yemali kufanele baqinisekise izibalo zamanje ngaphambi kokuba bamukele iminikelo.

Umthombo: Ongeke Banikele

Nakuba isilinganiso saminyaka yonke sama - R2 000 sibusa ukuthi umuntu anganikeza malini, umthetho kahulumeni ubeka futhi imithetho eqinile yokuthi ubani ongase abe nengxenye ePAC engaxhunyiwe. Lemithetho iphoqelelwa kakhulu i - FEC, futhi ukwephulwa komthetho kungaholela ekukhokheleni okungathi sína, ukuncishiswa kweminikelo, ngisho nokukhishwa kwezenzo zobugebengu ezicatshangelweni ezidlulele.

Izinhlangano Nezisebenzi

I-PAC engaxhunyiwe ngokuvamile yenqatshelwe ukwamukela iminikelo evela ezinhlanganweni zezemisebenzi ngokuqondile. Lokhu kunqatshelwa kusuka ekuvinjelweni kukahulumeni okuthatha isikhathi eside enkampanini nasemhlanganweni wezimali ezisetshenziswayo ngokuphathelene nokhetho lukahulumeni. Nokho, izinhlangano nezinyunyana zingamisa futhi zisebenzise ezazo siqu ezihlangene, ezingase zivume iminikelo yokuzithandela evela kubaphathi benkampani, izisebenzi, noma amalungu. Labo abahlangene banganikela kuma-PAC, ngaphansi kwemingcele ehlukene yomnikelo. Kodwa i-PAC engase ingavumi ukukhokha i-e - akhawunti ekhethekile ephuma emalini yomnikelo yenkampani.

Lomehluko uvame ukungaqondwa. I-PAC engaxhunyiwe ingamukela iminikelo evela e-PAC exhunyiwe yinkampani, uma nje i-PAC exhunywe ne-FEC kanye nomnikelo wehlela phakathi kwemingcele yomnikelo ohlangeneyo we-PAC. Umnikelo ohlangene we-PAC umelene no-PC' $5000 (R150) ngonyaka. Nokho, uma i-PAC exhunyiwe kumelwe iqinisekise ukuthi izimali ezihlangene ze-PAC zisuka eminikelweni evunyelweyo yokuzithandela, hhayi ezinhlamvwini zemali yenkampani yokukhokhisa imali.

Izizwe Zakwamanye Amazwe

Ngaphansi komthetho wamazwe angu-52 e-U.S. . ngo-1961, amazwe akwamanye amazwe anqatshelwe ngokuqinile ukwenza noma yimuphi umnikelo noma umnikelo ngokuphathelene nokhetho lukahulumeni, uhulumeni, noma lwezwe e-United States. Lokhu kwenqatshelwa kudlulela eminikelweni e-PACs engaxhunyiwe. Izizwe zakwamanye amazwe zihlanganisa ohulumeni bakwamanye amazwe, amaqembu ezombangazwe, izinkampani ezihlelwe ngaphansi komthetho wakwamanye amazwe, nabantu abangekho ngaphansi kwezakhamuzi zase-U. Imithetho engokomthetho iwumthetho ophelele futhi ayiphathi mngceleni. Ngisho nomnikelo omncane wesizwe wangaphandle awuvunyelwe ngokomthetho futhi kumelwe ubuyiselwe ngokushesha ekutholweni.

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe kudingeka acele bonke abanikeleyo ukuba babe nesabelo sabo noma indawo yokuhlala engokomthetho futhi alondoloze imibiko ebonisa ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezinengqondo zokugwema iminikelo yakwamanye amazwe. I-FEC ikhiphe izinyathelo eziningi zokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-PACs isebenza ngokumelene nama-PAC ezihlulekile ukuwahlola ngokwanele, kuhlanganise nezenzakalo lapho abantu bakwamanye amazwe banikela khona ngokusebenzisa ama-media noma amakheli ase-U.S.

Amalungu Kahulumeni Ozimele

Abantu ngabanye noma ama-authority afunana noma enza isivumelwano sikahulumeni kahulumeni awenqatshelwe ukwenza iminikelo kunoma yiliphi ikomiti yezombangazwe, kuhlanganise nama-PAC angaxhunyiwe. Lokhu kunqatshelwa kusebenza kumnikazi ngokwawo, izikhulu zakhe, ne-PAC yakhe uma uma uma uma umakhi emunye. Iminikelo yezendlu zikahulumeni kumelwe yenqatshwe futhi ibuyiselwe kumniniyo uma seyamukelwe kakade.

Eminye Imithombo Esobala

Eminye imingcele yeminikelo eyenziwa egameni lomunye umuntu (u-"umnikelo wasemanzini"), iminikelo evela kubantwana (nakuba umthetho unqabele ukukhipha okuncane), futhi iminikelo yokugembula noma yokugembula iyaqhubeka kwezinye izindawo. I-PAC engaxhunyiwe kufanele isebenzise izinqubo eziqinile zokuqinisekisa ukuvumelana nayo yonke imithombo enqatshelwayo.

Imingcele Yeminye AmaKomiti Ezombangazwe

Ama-PAC angathola futhi iminikelo evela kwamanye amakomiti ezombangazwe abhalisiwe, kuhlanganise namanye ama-PAC, axhunywe kuma-PAC, amakomiti afuna ukuxhumana, namakomiti eqembu. Umnikelo ngamunye ohlangene ungaphansi kwemingcele yawo:

  • Ezinye i-PACs ezingaxhunyiwe: I-PAC engaxhumene inganikela ku-$5 000 ngonyaka kwenye i-PAC engaxhunyiwe. Lesilinganiso sisebenza ngokwehlukile kumngcele womnikelo ngamunye.
  • [ I-PACS exhunyanisiwe (izimali ezihlukene ezihlukene): I-paC exhunyiwe noma i-accom enganikela u-R2,50 ngonyaka ku-PAC engaxhunyaniswanga.
  • Ikomiti yomkhankaso eyinhloko: ikomiti yomkhankaso eyinhloko inganikela ku $2,000 kukhetho olungekho-mxhumanisi. Lesilinganiso sisebenza kukhetho ngalunye (oluvamile, noma olukhethekile) kunangonyaka.
  • Isimo namakomiti eqembu lendawo: Lawa anganikela ku-R150 ngonyaka ku-PAC engaxhunyiwe, nakuba umthetho kahulumeni ungabeka imingcele eyengeziwe.
  • amakomiti enhlangano yesizwe:[ Akukho mingcele eqondile eminikelweni evela kumakomiti eqembu lesizwe kuya kuma-PAC angaxhunyiwe, nakuba iminikelo enjalo iyivela kancane futhi kumelwe ibikwe.

Lemingcele ehlangene iklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukuvinjelwa kwemingcele yomnikelo ngamunye ngokusebenzisa amakomiti angabameleli. Ngokwesibonelo, umnini-gazi angase anganikeli u-R350 000 e-PAC ehlangeneyo ngenjongo yokuba leyo mali idlulisele i-PAC e-PAC engekho exhunyiwe, ngaphandle uma i-PAC ehlangeneyo ithatha isahlulelo esizimele futhi umnikelo uhlala phakathi komkhawulo waminyaka yonke wamakomiti.

Imingcele Yengxenye ehambisana ne - expicunt Expictive

Enye yemithombo evame kakhulu yokudideka emthetho wezezimali wezezimali wezezimali umthetho wezezimali wezezimali umehluko phakathi kweminikelo nezindleko ezizimele. I-PAC engaxhunyiwe ingazenza izindleko ezizimele ezingenakulinganiswa ukusekela noma ukulwa nohulumeni, uma nje lezo zindleko zizimele ngempela futhi zingahlangani nanoma imuphi umbhanqwana. Lomehluko waqiniswa ngesinqumo seNkantolo Ephakeme Citisanns United v.FEC[2010] nesinqumo senkantolo ephansi ezalandela.

Nokho, imingcele yomnikelo okuxoxwa ngayo kulesi sihloko isebenza kakhulu ku- u-receipt yohlangothi lwemisebenzi ye-PAC engaxhunyiwe. Iqiniso lokuthi i-PAC engahlangene ne-intshinga engakhokhi ngokungenamkhawulo ingathinta isilinganiso semali engangomali engatholwa yi-$5 000 (R1,5 000) kulowo muntu onikelayo. Ngamanye amazwi, umniniyo akakwazi ukuhlehlisa isilinganiso somnikelo ngokunikeza i-PAC enkulu enjongweni yemali ezimele. Umnikelo womniniyo ubo awukhucushwe ngo $5 000 (R1,5 000) ngonyaka, ngisho noma i-PAC ihlose ukusebenzisa leyo mali ngokuzibodwa kuleyo mali ekhokhwawayo engekhona iminikelo eqondile.

Leli phuzu libalulekile ekuthobeleni: i-PAC engaxhunyiwe ehlanganyela kuyo kokubili iminikelo eqondile nezindleko ezizimele kumelwe ilandele ngokucophelela ama-lisithi ayo futhi akumelwe yamukele iminikelo edlula imingcele engokomthetho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imali izosetshenziswa kanjani. Isilinganiso somnikelo siyisithiyo esingaphandle kwe-lijini, hhayi isithiyo esingekho celeni kwezindleko.

Ukubika Nokubambisana

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe kudingeka abhalise ne-FEC kanye namafayela imibiko yezikhathi ezithile yokuthi yonke imininingwane efunyenweyo nezindleko ezenziwe. Lemibiko igcinwe ku-FEC Form 3X futhi idluliswa nge-25 noma nyanga zonke, kuye ngesisekelo sokukhetha okubhaliwe kwe-PAC. Imibiko kumelwe ihlanganise igama, ikheli, umsebenzi, nomqashi wanoma ubani onikela ngaphezu kuka-R3,000 ngonyaka wekhalenda, kanye nonyaka nenani lomnikelo ngamunye.

Ikhompathiswa ihlanganisa ukugcinwa kweminye imitapo. Abagcini bezimali banomthwalo wemfanelo ngokomuntu siqu wokuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke iminikelo ivunyelwe ngokomthetho, isekelwe ngokufanele, futhi ibekwe phakathi kwemingcele esebenzayo. Lo msebenzi uhlanganisa ukuqhuba inkuthalo efunekayo yokuqinisekisa izinga lesizwe lezakhamuzi, ukuhlola ukuthi iminikelo evela kwamanye amakomiti iphakathi kwemingcele ephakathi kwe-inter komiti. I-FEC inikeza isiqondiso esiningi ngokusemthethweni, futhi ama-PAC amaningi agcina iseluleko esingokomthetho noma izimeluleki zokukhomba izimfuneko zokufaka imibiko.

Iminikelo Neminikelo

Uma i-PAC engaxhunyiwe ithola umnikelo owedlula isilinganiso esingokomthetho, uvela emthonjeni onqatshelwe, noma ungekho, i-PAC kumelwe ifake umnikelo kumniniyo phakathi kwe-frame yesikhathi esicaciwe. Kwezinye izimo, i-PAC ingaphinda ikhiphe umnikelo owenziwa ngokuhlangene abantu ababili (njengombhangqwana oshadile) kumnikeli ofanele. Izimiso ze-FEFC ezibusa izikhala kanye neminikelo ziningiliziwe, futhi isinyathelo sokulungisa sibalulekile ekugwemeni ukugcinwa komthetho.

Isigwebo Sokuphula Imithetho

I-FEC inegunya elikhulu lokuhlola ukuphulwa kwemingcele yeminikelo nemithetho enqatshelwayo. Isigwebo singahlanganisa izinhlawulo zomphakathi, iziyalo, nokungahleleki kweminikelo engekho emthethweni. Ezimweni ezihilela ukuphulwa ngamabomu noma ukwazi ukwamukela iminikelo eyenqatshelwe, i-FEC ingayibhekisa kuMnyango wezezimali ukuze ulwele ukuqulwa kwecala. Izijeziso zobugebengu zingahlanganisa ukukhokhwa nokuboshwa iminyaka emihlanu.

I-FEC ikhipha nezenzo zokugcinwa kwamaphoyisa kuwebhusayithi yayo, inikeza umlando womphakathi wokwephulwa nezijeziso. Ku-PACs, ukwamukelwa komnikelo okungahlangeneyo okuvela emthonjeni owenqatshelwe kungaphumela ekuhlawulweni okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma i-PAC ihluleka ukugcina izinqubo ezifanele zokuhlola iminikelo. Ukuhlola nokuqeqesha izisebenzi ze-PAC njalo kuyatuswa kakhulu.

Isiqondiso Esiwusizo Kwabanikazi Nabaphangi

Kubantu ngabanye abanikela ngeminikelo, isihluthulelo sicacile: Unganikela amadollar angu-5 000 ngonyaka kunoma i-PAC eyodwa engaxhunyiwe, futhi unganikela ngama-PAC amaningi angaxhunyiwe ngendlela ofisa ngayo phakathi kwemali ekhona. Nokho, kumelwe uqinisekise ukuthi iminikelo yakho ivela emthonjeni ovunyelwe (umzekelo, imali yakho, hhayi izimali zenkampani noma zemali yangaphandle).

Ku-PAC, umthwalo wokulalela unzima kakhulu. I-PAC kumele iqinisekise ukuthi iziphi iminikelo kanye nokukwazi ukunikeza, ilandelela iminikelo eqoqiwe, futhi ibone imibiko efike ngesikhathi neyokwaziswa okunembile. I-FEC inikeza imithombo ye-inthanethi, kuhlanganise "iMapu ye-Umthetho wezezimali" nencwadi "IMapaingimpign, enikeza isiqondiso esiningiliziwe emikhawulweni yomnikelo kanye nokubika izibophozo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana nommeli wezentengo yemali ekhona kungasiza ekugwemeni amaphutha abizayo.

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe kufanele futhi aqaphele imingcele yomnikelo wezinga eliphansi likahulumeni uma ehlanganyela emsebenzini wokhetho lwezwe noma lwendawo. Nakuba umthetho kahulumeni ubusa iminikelo yokhetho lukahulumeni, amazwe amaningi abeka imingcele yeminikelo yawo nemithombo kuma-PC ahlanganyela ezinhlangani zikahulumeni nezendawo. I-PAC engahlangene nemithetho eminingi esebenzayo, engase ihluke kakhulu emikhawulweni engokomthetho kahulumeni nesendaweni.

Intuthuko Yamuva Nemikhuba Yesikhathi Esizayo

I-pacs esemthethweni ye-PACs engaxhunyiwe isalokhu inamandla. Imibono yamuva nje ye-FEC ikhulume ngezihloko ezinjengokusetshenziswa kobukhoma kweminikelo (ngokubodwa evunyelwe ngemithetho yokulinganisela) ukwamukela iminikelo ngemishini ye-Forformation, kanye nokuphatha iminikelo evela ku-LLCs kanye nokubambisana. I-FEC futhi inikeze isiqondiso phakathi komdlalo phakathi kwemikhawulo yomnikelo kanye namakomiti axhasanayo, okungabangela ukuba ukunikezelwa kweminikelo e-PACs eningi.

Iziphakamiso zomthetho zokulungisa i-Federal Evolution Campaign Act zisungulwa cishe kunoma yiliphi i-Congress, nakuba izinguquko ezinkulu beziyivelakancane. Ezinye iziphakamiso zingaphakamisa noma zisuse isilinganiso samaR150 000 eminikelweni yama-PAC angezona ezixhumene, kuyilapho ezinye zingabeka imingcele eyengeziwe emalini emnyama nasembulweni. Abaqondisi-mthetho kufanele bazibhekisise ngokuseduze lezi zenzakalo, njengoba ushintsho kumthetho lungaba nemiphumela emikhulu yezinhlelo zokuqoqa imali kanye nezinhlelo zokuyidlulisa.

Isiphetho

Ama-PAC angaxhunyiwe afeza indima ebalulekile esimisweni sezombangazwe saseMelika ngokuvumela amaqembu abantu ukuba ahlanganise ingcebo yawo ukuze athonye ukhetho nenkambiso yomphakathi. Imingcele engokomthetho yeminikelo kula maqembu e-PAC iklanyelwe ukulinganisela umgomo wokuhlanganyela okukhulu kwezombangazwe nesidingo sokuvimbela ukonakala nokuqinisekisa ukuba sobala. Isilinganiso somnikelo waminyaka yonke samaRandi angu-5 500 kumuntu ngamunye, sihlangene nemithetho eqinile yeminikelo evela ezinhlanganweni, ezinyunyana, nakwezizwe zakwamanye amazwe, sakha umnyombo wesimiso sokuqondisa.

Ukuhambisana nalemingcele kudinga ukuqapha, ukugcina amarekhodi anembile, nokuyiqonda kahle imithetho ye-FEC. Bobabili abanikeleyo no-PAC bayazuza ngokuhlala benolwazi ngemingcele yamanje, izinhlelo zokuhlela isikhathi, kanye nomthetho wokuphoqelela. Ngokunamathela emingceleni yomnikelo nokubika izimfuneko, ama-PAC angasebenza ngokuphumelelayo futhi angene ngaphakathi kwemingcele yomthetho, okunengxenye esimisweni sezezimali esibonisayo nenesibopho.

Ukuze ufunde futhi uqondise i-projekthi ye-FEC ku-website ye- www.fec.gov, i-Federal Ecompution Campaigment njengokwakhiwe kabusha, kanye nemibono egunyaziwe ekhishwe yi-FEC. I-Congregational Research Service ikhipha futhi imibiko evamile yomthetho wezezimali onikeza umongo nohlolweyo.