Isimiso semfundo yaseJapane siye sashintsha kakhulu phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, namaqembu ezombangazwe esebenza njengabashayeli bezimiso abayinhloko. Kusukela ekuBuyiselweni kwe-Meiji phakathi komsebenzi wangemva kwempi kuya ekhulwini lama-21, ukuhlanganisa phakathi kwemibono yezombangazwe nemfundo eziphambili kuye kwaguqula izifundo zezifundo zemfundo, izakhiwo zemali, nokufinyelela imfundo. Ukuqonda indima yamaqembu ezombangazwe kulezinguquko kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela iJapane elingana ngayo isiko nosuku lwanamuhla, ukulingana kwesizwe nokuncintisana kwembulunga yonke, kanye nokulingana nokulingana kwenani eliphezulu.

Isizinda Esingokomlando Sethonya Lezombangazwe Ngemfundo EJapane

Isimiso semfundo sanamuhla saseJapane savela phakathi neMeiji Reconstruct (1868-1912), lapho i-oligarchy ebusayo ifuna ukuhlanganisa isizwe futhi yakha umbuso wanamuhla. Amaqembu ezombangazwe ngomqondo waseNtshonalanga ayengekho, kodwa uhulumeni (owabuswa yiMeiji olgarchs futhi kamuva i-Imperial Diet (ephakathi kwemfundo ngaphansi kwe-1872 Facrative Code of Education. Lesimiso sagcizelela ukwethembeka kumbusi nakumakhono asebenzayo embonini.

Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, umsebenzi we-Association (1945-19952) wahlukanisa isimiso semfundo yesizwe sangaphambi kwempi futhi wasungula izinguquko zentando yeningi ezalandelwa e-United States. I-Libermary Law of Education (1947) neSikolo semfundo semfundo samisa iminyaka engu-9 yemfundo ephoqelelwe, ukufundisa ikhomanisi, kanye namabhodi esikole endawo. Phakathi nale nkathi, amaqembu ezombangazwe aqala ukusungula nokuncintisana nesimiso semfundo sezemfundo. I-Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), eyasungulwa ngokushesha ngo-19555553, yaba ngumbuso oyinhloko, kanti amaqembu aphikisanayokuhlanganisa iSizwanoli sobusoshiyali sobuzwe (JSP) kanye neSifunda-Japanese.

I-LDP's henure-tenure (i-LD) yathathelwa phambili kafushane ngo 1993-19994 nango-2009-2012 .(_12) yavumela ukuba igxilise izindinganiso zayo emfundweni: ubuzwe, umkhiqizo, kanye nokuhleleka komphakathi. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, amaqembu aphikisayo aye athonye isimiso ngemibango kaDiet, ukubusa kwendawo, nokucindezela komphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, iZingalo zezakhamuzi ezithuthukayo zonyaka ka-19994 kanye no-192012 zaphoqelela uhulumeni ukuba andise ukufinyelela imfundo ephakeme futhi athuthukise izimo zothisha.

Izinguquko ezinkulu kuma 1970 nawo 1980, njengokusungulwa kwe Yutori inqubo yemfundo (ebuyiselwe) ehloselwe ukunciphisa ukucindezela kwezemfundo nokuthuthukisa ikhono. Lezi zinguquko zabonisa ukuvumelana okubanzi kwezombangazwe okwakudingeka ukuba iJapane ikwenze ngokudlulela phambili ekukhumbuleni. Nokho, ukuphindela emuva kuma 2000 [1] PDP Prime Minister Korentiumi , futhi iqhube i-Implificia esemthethweni yemfundo, ibonisa ukuvivinywa kwemfundo yemvelo ye-cccleast compration.

Izigaba Ezinkulu Zezombangazwe Nemfundo Yazo

Isimiso saseJapane esinengxenye eziningi sihlanganisa abadlali abambalwa abakhulu, ngamunye onemibono ehlukene yemfundo. Iziteshi zabo zivame ukubonisa imibono ebanzi ngobuzwe, inhlalakahle yezenhlalo, kanye nokuzinika inkululeko engokomnotho.

I - Liberal Democratic Party (LDP)

I-LDP ibeke imfundo phambili ngokomlando njengethuluzi lokuqinisa amandla esizwe nentuthuko kwezomnotho. Izimiso zayo zigcizelela imfundo yokushisekela izwe, ukuphumelela kwemfundo, nokukhetha isikole. Ngokwesibonelo, i-LDP yasekela ukubukezwa kuka-2006 koMthetho wemfundo oyisisekelo, owanezela amalungiselelo "okuthanda isizwe nokuhlonipha isiko namasiko" abagxeki baphikisa lokhu kuveza ukuhlanganiswa kwesizwe okuhlobene nenkathi yangaphambi kwempi.

I-LDP isekela futhi ukuzibusa kwezesikole okwandayo, ukuhlola okusesilinganisweni (njenge-National Academic Accosution), kanye nokunqanda ukuvunyelwa kwemvume yokuvumela izikole zomthetho kanye nokuhileleka komjovo wehlelo lobulungu. Ngaphansi kwesimiso sesibili se-Abe (202-2020), uhulumeni wasungula "I-Sisicle Plan ye-Plorivement of the Education" (2018), ebeka izisulu zemfundo yesiNgisi, i-STEM, kanye nezivumelwano zabafundi eziseduze namaqembu ezezezebhizinisi ($8-Keidandre", kuvame ukuhlanganisa isimiso semfundo yezezezemisebenzi, ukuqeqesha [[FLD:]] kanye nezezezezezezezezezezemboni.

Emfundoni ephakeme, i-LDP iye yaphishekela izinguquko zaseyunivesithi ukuze ithuthukise ukuncintisana kwembulunga yonke, kuhlanganise ne "Prevertive Global University Project" kanye nesiqu se"Sishaya-mthetho sesizwe esinemali ekhuphukile" ngezimali. Lezi zinyathelo zibonisa inkolelo yokuthi izinhlangano eziphezulu zibhebhethekisa ukusungula izinto ezintsha, nakuba ziye zaqinisa ukuhlelwa kwamayunivesithi.

Komeito (Iqembu Likahulumeni Elihlanzekile)

Njengoba i-Komeito ithonya lezemfundo, ikakhulukazi ezindabeni ze-everty nenhlala - kahle. I-Komeito yavela enhlanganweni yamaSoka Gakkai yamaBuddha futhi ngokomlando iye yasekela imfundo yokuthula, amalungelo abantu, kanye nokusekela abafundi abakwelenye indawo.

Komeito uye wakhuthaza ukunwetshwa kwemfundo, imfundo yesikole samahhala, kanye nokuxhaswa kwezimali ezikoleni ezisiza imiphakathi ethola imali ephansi. Futhi isekela imfundo ephelele kubantwana abakhubazekileyo(a indikimba engagcizelelwa kakhulu yi-LDP. Ku-2020, iKomeito ikhuthulelwa ngokuphumelelayo i-"GIGA School Program," enikeza umshini owodwa kumfundi ngamunye futhi ithuthukisa i-Internet excenent ezikoleni zomphakathi. I-techweblown ayigcizelelwa kakhulu yi-LDP. Ku-20202020, i-lobito i-lobs promose instructions of arreast program, enikeza i-" noplogist proviences of proving provingssours of apywooience proving proving symssorrents.

Nakuba uKomeito ehlanganyela ukugxila kwe-LDP ngokwezinga elithile, ithambekele ekulinganiseni izihlongozo ezithatha kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nezinkulumo-mpikiswano ngemfundo yokuziphatha, uKomeito wagcizelela ukuthi lendaba igweme ukufundiswa okucacile kwemibono futhi kunalokho igcizelela ukuthuthuka kobuntu nomthwalo wemfanelo womphakathi.

IQembu Lentando Yeningi Lomthetho - sisekelo (CDP)

I-CDP, iqembu eliyinhloko lokuphikiswa elakhiwa ngo-2017, lizibeka njenge-centrist-hen jock. Emfundoni, i-CDP igcizelela amathuba alinganayo, ukwehla kwemali yokukhokhela, nokuqinisa izikole zomphakathi kunezindlela zobulungu. Iqembu liphikisa ukusungulwa kwemisebenzi yezentengiselwano − njengokuthiwa i-crectors jqq.

ICDP iye yacela ukuphakamisa inkathi yemfundo ephoqelelwe ukuba ihlanganise isikole esiphakeme (imfundo ephezulu yebanga eliphakathi 10-12) futhi yenza amayunivesithi omphakathi akhululeke emakhaya aphansi naphakathi. Isekela futhi ukubuyiselwa kokubukezwa kwe-Princial Law of Education ka-2006, iveza ukuthi izinguquko zeLDP zifakelwe ngokwesizwe kakhulu izifundo. Ngaphansi kwesiteji yeCDP', ukugcizelelwa okukhulu kungabekwa emfundweni yokuthula, ekulondolozweni kwendawo ezungezile, nasekucabangeni okugxekayo okuhlangene nezindinganiso eziqhubekayo.

KuDiet, amalungu eCDP avame ukuphakamisa imibuzo mayelana nezimo zokusebenza kothisha, impilo engokwengqondo, nokugcizelela ngokweqile ekuhlolweni okuvamile. Baye bahlongoza umthetho wokunciphisa umsebenzi wesikole oweqisayo nokunciphisa ubukhulu bekilasi (izindlela) ezithinta abafundi abacindezelekile baseJapane.

IQembu LamaKhomanisi LaseJapane (JCP)

I-JCP esekela ushintsho olukhulu lwesimiso semfundo yaseJapane, isibheka njengendawo yokulwa kwesigaba nokuzalana kwezezikhundla. Iqembu liphikisa konke ukuthengiselwa nokusetshenziswa kwezikole, libiza imfundo ekhokhelwayo etholakala obala kusukela esikoleni kuya eyunivesithi.

I-Get JCP ifuna ukuqeda izindleko zokuzisebenzela kuwo wonke amayunivesithi omphakathi, kwandiswa inani lothisha ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lesigaba sabafundi abangama-25 noma abambalwa, futhi kuqedwe "isimiso sesikole" esivumela abazali ukukhetha izikole ngaphandle kwesifunda sabo. I-JCP futhi ikhuthaza imfundo yokuthula esekelwe eSiphakamisweni 9 somthetho-sisekelo futhi iphikise ukufundiswa kweculo lesizwe ("Kingayo")"-fulegi" nefulegi ("Hinomaru") njengemfuneko, ibeka inselele imfundiso engokomthetho kubafundi.

Nakuba i-JCP inezihlalo ezimbalwa zesizwe zeDiet, inethonya elikhulu ngohulumeni abaphethe i-osaka, i-Kyoto, nezinye izindawo zasedolobheni. Abaphathi be-JCP baqala izinhlelo zesikole zamahhala, ukunakekelwa kwabantwana ngemva kwesikole, kanye nezimiso ezintsha ezimelene nezenzo zobudlelwano. I-projekthi yabo ivame ukuphoqelela amaqembu amakhulu ukuba axoxe ngezimiso zokuhle

Nippon Ishin no Kai (Iqembu Lokulungisa Izinkinga LaseJapane)

Isekelwe e-Osaka, iNippon Ishin no Kai no abameleli bokuhlelwa kwesimilo nokulawulwa kwezemfundo. Leliqembu liye laqhubezela ukuqedwa kwamabhodi ezikhulu zemfundo nokunikeza abameli bemeya ukulawula okuqondile kwemali yesikole nezisebenzi. Lomfanekiso .[1] Ukusetshenziswa e-Osaka ngaphansi koMbusi Hirofmi Yoshimura `amaims' ukuze kwandiswe ukulandisa nokuphumelela.

Nipton Ishin no Kai usekela izikhombisi zesikole, ukuhlola kothisha abasekelwe ekusebenzeni, nezinhlelo zokucwilisa ngesiNgisi. Zizilawula ngokwazo njengegunya lokuguqula inguquko ngokumelene "nombuso wezemfundo" weNkonzo yemfundo (MEXT). Izimiso zemfundo zeqembu ziye zavusa impikiswano: izinyunyana zothisha kanye namaqembu aphikisayo aphikisayo aphikisa ukuthi ukulawula kwemeya kuguqula imfundo futhi kululaza ukubusa kwekhono lokuzilawula.

Naphezu kwalokhu kugxeka, impumelelo yeqembu e-Osaka iye yabangela izinhlangano ezifanayo zokuguqula ezinye iziphathimandla, njengo-Aichi no-Fukuoka. Ithonya lazo libonisa ukuthi amaqembu ezombangazwe endawo angenza njengezindawo zokucwaninga ngemfundo.

Umphumela Wezinguquko Zezemfundo Zezombangazwe

Izinhlangano zezombangazwe − kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zishintsha ngokhetho lwesizwe, izingxoxo ezihlangene, noma izimpikiswano zendawo — ziwushintsha ngokuqondile umkhakha wenguquko yemfundo eJapane.

Ukushintsha Kukahulumeni Ngo - 2009 Nemiphumela Yawo

I-DPJ Party yeDmocratic of Japan (DPJ) yathatha umbuso ngo-2009, yaphela iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu yokubusa kwe-LDP okungaphulwanga. I-DPJ yathembisa ukuthatha ezinye izinhlelo zemfundo eziphakathi kwabantu. Yasungula inqubo yemfundo "Abantwana Bokuqala", eyanwetshwa ngemva kokunakekela kwesikole, yanikeza imfundo yasezikoleni zamahhala, futhi yandisa ukuxhasa kwezemfundo ekhethekile. Nokho, i-DPJ's tenure yayisithatha isikhathi esifushane, futhi izinhlelo zayo eziningi zalinganiswa ngemva kokuba i-LDP ibuyele ebukhosini ngo-2012. Isenzakalo sibonisa indlela ukhetho lwemfundo ephakeme engaphazamisa ngayo ukuhlelwa kwemfundo yezikhathi ezinde.

Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinguquko Ngaphansi Kohulumeni Be - LDP

Phakathi nawonyaka ka-20000 nakabili phakathi nawo-2010, i-LDP yathuthukisa uhlelo lokuhlelwa kwemfundo, yadlulisela igunya kuhulumeni bendawo kuMnyango wemfundo. Unyaka ka-2007 wabuyiselwa kuhulumeni wezemfundo ophakathi kwe-Local Education Law wavumela ukuba amabhodi emfundo kamasipala emfundo amise ezawo siqu amakilasi kwezinye izihloko, aqasha futhi akhiphe izintambo zokukhipha imali, futhi ahlele izimali zokuhlela imali ngokunye. Lenguquko yaqhutshwa ngokwengxenye ngokuzimisela kwe-LDP' kuhulumeni ophakathi futhi ngokwengxenye ngokucindezelwa abaholi abaholi bendawo kuhlanganisa nalabo abavela eNippon ahin noKai.

Amaqembu aphikisayo axwayisa ngokuthi ukuhlaziywa kombuso kungandisa ukuhluka kwezindawo, njengoba omasipala abacebile bengakhanga othisha nemithombo engcono. Ngempela, ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ukuthi amagebe emiphumeleni yemfundo phakathi kwezindawo zasemadolobheni nasemaphandleni aye anda kusukela kulolu shintsho. Lobu bunzima phakathi kokuzimela ngokwendawo nokulingana kwesizwe buseyimpikiswano engokwezombangazwe.

Imfundo Yokuziphatha Njengendawo Yempi Yezombangazwe

Zimbalwa izimpikiswano eziye zaba nezingxabano njengokubuyiselwa kwemfundo yokuziphatha njengesihloko esisesingeni ngo-2018. I-LDP yaqhubela ushintsho ukuze igxilise ubuhle bokushisekela izwe nomphakathi, kuyilapho amaqembu aphikisayo ayekugxeka njengokubuyela ekufundiseni kwangaphambi kwempi. I-JCP neCDP yahlela ukubhikisha futhi yakhipha ezinye iziqondiso zokuziphatha ezigxile elungelweni lomuntu nasezweni lonke.

Umphumela waba ukuhlehla: uMnyango Wemfundo waveza izifundo zesizwe zemfundo yokuziphatha kodwa wavumela izikole ukuba zivumelane nemisebenzi. Manje izincwadi zihlanganisa izifundo ngezihloko ezifana nokulingana kwabesilisa, izimiso zendawo ezungezile, kanye nokulungiselela inhlekelele (______________ukuveza okufakiweyo eziqenjini eziningi. Noma kunjalo, amalungu e-LDP abambelele ekushisekeleni izwe ngendlela eqinile, kuyilapho akhuthaza ukunakwa okwengeziwe kwe-LGBTQ+ izihloko nezimiso zezinhlanga.

Ukuthambekela Nezinselele Zanamuhla

Izimpikiswano zemfundo yamaJapane zincishiswe kakhulu. kunezine ezisobala: imfundo yokuziphatha, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe, ukuswelakala kwezizwe zonke, nothisha.

Imfundo Yokuziphatha Nendlela Abantu Abayibheka Ngayo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe ōkuta njengesifundo sonyaka ka-2018 kwakuyinguquko ephawulekayo. I-LDP ikubona njengethuba lokuhlakulela "umoya weJapani" nokuhlonipha igunya. Iqembu liye lasekela ukuculwa kwe-iphoqelelo kweculo lesizwe nokuphakamisa ifulegi emikhosini yesikole, okusuziwe kakade kodwa okuphikisanayo. Ngokungafani, iCDP ne-JCP iphikisa ukuthi imfundo yokuziphatha kufanele igcizelele izindinganiso zendawo yonke kanye nokucabanga okugxeka [Brookings Suzitiontion]).

Lempi ibuye iphinde ibuye njalo, ikakhulukazi lapho abezombangazwe abadla ngoludala behlongoza ukuba abafundi bakhothame ukuze bathathe izithombe zombusi noma bafunde i-Imperial Rescript on Education. Izihlongozo ezinjalo zivotelwa kuyiDiet kodwa zibonisa izigwebo ezihlala njalo zezombangazwe ezishiyekile kunezwe.

Ubuchwepheshe Emakilasini

Isifo se-COVOVAD-19 esisheshayo sokutholwa kwabafundi ngemishini ezikoleni, kodwa iJapane isalokhu ihamba emuva emazweni amaningi e-OECD ekuhlanganisa i-Edech. I-LDP ne-Komeito ngokubambisana yasekela i-GIGA School Program, isakaza amathuluzi kubo bonke abafundi besikole somphakathi kanye nokuthola i-Internet. Nokho, i-LDP ithambekele ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe ukuze ithuthukise izinga lezifundo zokuhlolwa kanye nempumelelo yokulawula, kuyilapho i-CDP ne-JCP igcizelela isidingo sokuqeqesha abafundisi nge-digictage pedagogy futhi iqinisekisa ukufinyelela okusemthethweni kwemikhaya ethola imali ephansi.

I-Nippon Ishin no Kai isekela ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa "noma isiphi isikhathi, noma kuphi" ukufunda, kuhlanganise namakilasi e-inthanethi nezincwadi zobuchwepheshe, njengengxenye yokususa ugesi omkhulu. Okwamanje, i-JCP iye yaxwayisa ukuthi ukuthembela okukhulu kumasiteji emishini kungathuthukisa imfundo futhi kwandise ukuqapha kwabafundi.

Ukuguqula Izizwe Nemfundo YesiNgisi

Isimiso semfundo saseJapane sekuyisikhathi eside sigxekwa ngenxa yokungavumelani. Amaqembu ezombangazwe avumelana ngokubaluleka kokuguqula umhlaba kodwa ahlukane ngezindlela. I-LDP ithuthukisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokushintshana futhi yandisa inani lezifundo zesiNgisi emayunivesithi. Ngaphansi kwe-Abe, uhulumeni wabeka isisulu sabafundi abangu-300,000 emhlabeni wonke ngo-202020(a isisulu esingahlangani, kodwa impoqo iyaqhubeka.

I CDP igcizelela ukushintshela kwe-panel: ifuna ukuba abafundi abaningi baseJapane bafunde kwamanye amazwe futhi bafunde akwamanye amazwe othisha ezikoleni zomphakathi. Nokho, i-JCP iphikisa ngokuthi ukuqashwa kwezizwe ngezizwe akufanele kuthathelwe izindleko zemfundo yezinhlanga eJapane, iphawula ukuthi izakhamuzi eziningi zakwamanye amazwe (ikakhulukazi zaseChina, Korea, nase Brazil) zibhekene nobandlululo. Iqembu liye lasikisela ukuba kulwe ukucwasana kwezizwe ezisemuva kuzo zonke izikole.

Ukuthweswa Umsebenzi Kathisha Nokwethakwa

Ukuswelakala okungapheli kothisha, okubangelwa amaholo aphansi nokucindezeleka okukhulu, kusongela izinga lemfundo. Bonke abahilelekile bayavuma ukuthi kunenkinga, kodwa amakhambi abo ahlongozwayo aweqi kakhulu. I-LDP inikeza izivumelwano zothisha, inikeza amabhonasi, futhi yenza imisebenzi yokuphatha ibe lula ngobuchwepheshe. ICDP ne-JCP ifuna imali ekhuphukayo, isilinganiso esincane sesigaba, kanye nemingcele yeqembu eliphethe ngemva kwesikole.

I-JCP futhi ihlongoze isimemezelo sesizwe se-"indlala yothisha" sokuqondisa ukusetshenziswa kwemali yomphakathi nokunciphisa izimfuneko ezivamile zokuhlola, ezibekwa icala ngokusebenza ngokweqile. Ngokuphambene, uNippon Ishin no Kaii ufuna ukusungula isimiso seholo esisekelwe ekukhokheleni esikhokhelwa abafundi esikhokhelwa abafundi ngemiphumela [1]isicelo sokumelana kwemishado yothisha ngamandla.

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: Ukushintsha Kwezombangazwe Nemfundo

Izwe laseJapane liyanda ngokwezombangazwe, futhi imfundo izohlala isendaweni yempi. Ukubusa kwe-LDP kubekelwe inselele amaqembu amasha njenge CDP neNippon Ihin no Kai, ukunikeza imibono ehlukile. Ukuncipha kwenani lezingane ezingaphansi kweshumi nanhlanu kunciphe kufike ku 11.7% yabantu abangaphansi kwenani.

Enye indawo yesivumelwano se-bipartis isho ukutshala imali emfundweni nasekunakekeleni kwabantwana bakudala (ECEC). Wonke amaqembu asekela isikole esikhululekile sabaneminyaka emithathu kuya kwemihlanu ubudala, inkambiso eyase imisiwe ngo-2019. Nokho, ukungavumelani kuya kuqhubeka ukuthi uhlelwe yini ohlwini lwezingane ezisakhulayo, nokuthi kufanele yini uvumele ngasese ukuba kube yizimbonisi zenzuzo.

Enye impikiswano ephakamayo ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlakanipha kokwenziwa (AI) emfundweni. I-LDP ibheka kahle ekusebenziseni i-Al ukuze ikwazi ukufunda futhi inciphise amaphepha othisha, kuyilapho izinxulumani ezisolisayo zikhathazekile ngemfihlo yokwaziswa nangokulahlekelwa ukusebenzelana kwabantu. I-2024 AI Strategy yemfundo ihlanganisa zombili izakhi, kodwa ukusetshenziswa kuyoxhomeka ekuqondiseni kweqembu elilawula uDet.

Isiphetho

Amaqembu ezombangazwe eJapane aye adlala futhi aqhubeka efeza indima ewujuqu ekulolongeni indlela yemfundo. Kusukela ekugxileni kwenkathi yeMeiji kuya ekushintsheni kwezentando yeningi kwangemva kwempi, nakusukela ekulawuleni kwe-LDP kwamashumi eminyaka kuya ekulawuleni kweqembu elihlukene, ukushintshwa kombuso ngakunye kushiye uphawu lwawo kulokho futhi indlela izingane zaseJapane ezikufunda ngayo. Intshiseko ye-LDP igcizelela ubuzwe, iKomeito igxile ekutheni i-ctive, i-CDP isibopho semfundo yomphakathi, i-CDP's syndrobactarianism ye-jective egnationalism, ne-JCPP i-In Ishin ayikho imibono ehloniphekayo ephambili yesikhathi esizayo.

Kubafundisi nabenzi bezimiso, ukuqaphela la mathonya ahlukanisayo kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuhamba ngezinyawo − futhi isimiso sokushintsha okungadingeka silinganisele isiko nokushintsha izinto zembulunga yonke. Izimpikiswano eziqhubekayo ngemfundo yokuziphatha, ezobuchwepheshe, inzuzo yezizwe zonke, nezenhlalakahle yothisha ziyochaza imfundo yaseJapane amashumi eminyaka ezayo. Ukuqonda amabutho ezombangazwe angemva kwawo akuyona nje imfundo yemfundo; kubalulekile kunoma ubani ofuna ukuthatha isinyathelo ekulolongeni isizukulwane esilandelayo sezakhamuzi zaseJapane.