Table of Contents
Okwenza Izikole Zendawo Zidingeke Ukuze Ube Nempilo Engapheli
Izikole zendawo zinezimo ezikhethekile ekulolongeni imikhuba yempilo yentsha. Izingane zichitha ingxenye enkulu yamahora ezilele esikoleni, zenza lezi zikhungo zibe namandla kakhulu ekuthonyeni ukudla, ukuvivinya umzimba, ukuhluzeka kwengqondo, kanye nendlela yokuphila. Uma izikole zifaka ukuthuthukiswa kwempilo nsuku zonke, zenza okungaphezu kokufundisa — zakha isisekelo semiphakathi enempilo engcono futhi zinciphisa izindleko zempilo ezithatha isikhathi eside.
Izindlela zezempilo eziphumelela kakhulu ezisekelwe esikoleni zidlulela ngalé kwezifundo ezizezemfundo. Zidala indawo lapho ukukhetha okunempilo kulula khona, kusekelwe yizimiso, izakhiwo, namasiko abeka phambili inhlalakahle. Lendlela ebanzi, ngokuvamile ebizwa ngokuthi i-Oll School, Whole Community, i-All Child, iqaphela ukuthi impumelelo yempilo nemfundo ihlobene kakhulu. Abafundi abadla kahle, banyakaza njalo, futhi banomuzwa wokuthi basekelwa ngokomzwelo bakulungele kangcono ukufunda nokuchuma.
Ukubaluleka Kwemfundo Yempilo Esekelwe Esikoleni
Imfundo yezempilo iyisisekelo sanoma isiphi isikole sokuthatha isinyathelo kuqala. Uma sinikezwa ngokuphumelelayo, ihlomisa abafundi ngolwazi, amakhono, nesimo sengqondo okudingeka basenze izinqumo zolwazi ngemizimba yabo, ubuhlobo, kanye namakusasa. CDC Healthy Schools[ uhlaka lugcizelela ukuthi imfundo yezempilo ephambili kufanele ifundiswe ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe, ifaneleke, futhi ikhulume ngezihloko eziningi ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Imfundo Yokudla Enamathelayo
Ukufundisa abafundi ngokudla kudlulela ngalé komklamo wokudla. Imfundo yanamuhla yokondleka isiza izingane ukuba ziqonde ukuthi ukudla kuthinta kanjani amandla, ukugxila, ukukhula, nokubukeka. Imisebenzi yezandla — njengokufunda amalebula, ukulungiselela ukudla okulula, noma ukuvakashela engadini yesikole — yenza izinto eziphathekayo zibe ezingokoqobo. Lapho abafundi befunda ukuhlukanisa ukudla okuphelele nokukhetha okungasetshenziswa kakhulu, bakha amakhono aguqula ngokuqondile ukuba kube imikhuba engcono yokudla ngaphandle kwesikole.
Ubufakazi bubonisa ukuthi imfundo yokudla okunomsoco iphumelela kakhulu uma isebenza ngokungaguquki futhi iqiniswa ezimisweni. Izifundo zekilasi kufanele zihambisane nalokho okunikezwa ekhefini nalokho abafundi abakuzwayo kubaqeshi nabaholi bezinhlelo zangemva kwesikole. Lokhu kusiza izingane ukuba ziveze isigijimi sokuthi ukudla okunempilo akusona isijeziso noma umsebenzi kodwa indlela yokuzizwa kahle nokwenza kahle.
Ukuqaphela Impilo Yengqondo Nokufunda Okungokomzwelo
Imfundo yempilo yengqondo ayiyona into engenziwa ngokuzikhethela ezikoleni. Ukukhula kwenani lokukhathazeka nokucindezeleka phakathi kwentsha kuye kwenza kwaba balulekile ukufundisa ukulawulwa kwemizwelo, ukulawulwa kokucindezeleka, nokuziphatha kokufuna usizo. Izinhlelo ezisekelwe esikoleni ezihlanganisa ingqondo, amasu okubhekana nawo, kanye nokufunda ngokwenhlalo kunikeza abafundi amathuluzi abangawasebenzisa kukho konke ukuphila kwabo.
Ukuvimbela Ukusetshenziswa Kabi Kwezindlela Ezisetshenziswa Kakhulu
Izikole zisemqoka ekuvimbeleni ukusebenzisa kabi izidakamizwa. Izinhlelo ezisekelwe ebufakazini eziqala esikoleni sabaqalayo futhi ziqhubeke zisesikoleni esiphakeme zingabambezela inkathi yokuqala yokusetshenziswa futhi zinciphise amathuba okuluthwa. Imfundo yokuvimbela okuphumelelayo igxile ekwakheni amakhono okwenqaba, ekuqondeni ukucindezela kontanga, nokufunda ngemiphumela yangempela yento esetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni ubuchopho.
Izindlela zokuxhumana — njengezenzakalo ezidlala indima, ukuhlaziya izigijimi zezindaba nokuzwa izikhulumi ezikhulumayo ezilulamayo — zizwakala kakhulu kunezifundo ezithintile.
Ukusebenza Ngokomzimba Nezinhlelo Zezemidlalo
Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo kubalulekile empilweni engokomzimba nasengqondweni yabantwana. Izikole zisesimweni esinamandla sokulungiselela amathuba okuhamba ahlelekile asiza abafundi ukuba bahlangabezane nemizuzu engu-60 yomsebenzi wansuku zonke. SHEAPE America [[ izindinganiso zezwe ziveza ukuthi imfundo engokomzimba ifanele ibonakale kanjani kuwo wonke amabanga amabanga amancane, igcizelela ukuthuthuka kolwazi, ulwazi olufanele, nomthwalo wemfanelo womuntu siqu.
Amakilasi Emfundo Engokomzimba
Imfundo ephakeme engokomzimba (PE) cishe ingaphezu kokudlala isondo noma ibhola. Ifundisa abafundi amakhono ayisisekelo okuhamba, imiqondo yomzimba, kanye nokubaluleka kokuvivinya umzimba ukuphila konke. Izinhlelo ze-PE zihlanganisa imisebenzi ehlukahlukene ekhanga isithakazelo namakhono ahlukahlukene, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umfundi ngamunye angathola okuthile akujabulelayo.
Futhi imfundo engokomzimba inikeza izifundo ezibalulekile ngokubambisana, ukusebenza ngemidlalo, nomgomo.
Imidlalo Nezindawo Zokuzijabulisa Ezingekho Ngemva Kwesikole
Imidlalo yangemva kwesikole kanye namaqedl. Imidlalo yeqembu engokwesiko enjengebhola lomnqakiswano inikeza amandla, ukusebenzelana kwenhliziyo nokuhlangana phakathi kwabantu. Kodwa izikole zinganikeza izindlela ezimbalwa zokuncintisana — ukugijima ama-albun, ama-yoga, amaqembu okudansa, noma amaqembu okuqwala izinyawo — lokho kukhanga abafundi abangakhangwa yimidlalo yakudala.
Ingxenye engokwenhlalo yemidlalo yangemva kwesikole iyisici esiyinhloko ekuthembiseni abafundi. Ukuba yingxenye yeqembu kwakha ukuba yilungu, ukulandisa, nokuzimela. Kubafundi abaningi, ubuhlobo obakhelwe kwezemidlalo buba yisizathu sokuhlala behlangene nesikole sonke. Izikole ezifaka phambili ukufakwa kwemidlalo futhi zinikeze amaphuzu amaningi zibona izinga eliphakeme lokuhlanganyela nokuthinta impilo.
Izikhathi Zokusabela Okunethonya
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izingane ezinekhefu elivamile azinaso ikhefu lekilasi kuphela — liyithuba elibalulekile lokudlala ngokomzimba.
Izinhlelo zesikhashana ezakhelwe, njengalezo eziphakanyiswe kuHeod Kids, zingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingane ziyasebenza kunokuba zihlale emaceleni. Ama-monitor okuqeqesha ukukhuthaza ukudlala okugcwele nokuxazulula izingxabano zigcina ukugxila kokuhamba nokuzijabulisa. Okulula njengokudwetshwa kwezindawo zemidlalo emnyama noma ukuboleka kungandisa amazinga omsebenzi ngokuphawulekayo.
Ukwakha Indawo Esekelayo
Ukuthuthukiswa kwempilo kuphumelela kakhulu uma indawo yesikole ngokwayo isekela ukukhetha okunempilo. Lokhu kusho ukuhlela izimiso, izakhiwo, nempucuko ukwenza kube nokungalungi kahle kunokuba kube yikho okungajwayelekile. Indawo esekelayo ithumela umyalezo ongaguquguquki ophathelene nempilo, ngisho nalapho kungekho sifundo esifundiswayo.
Ukudla Okunomsoco Nezindwangu
Izinhlelo zokudla zasesikoleni zingenye yezindlela eziqondiswe kakhulu izikole ezithonya ngazo impilo yabafundi. ISimiso seSikole saseLunch neSikole iSimiso sokuFaka eSikoleni sinikeza izigidi zezingane ukudla nsuku zonke, ngokuvamile sihlangabezana nengxenye enkulu yezidingo zokondleka. Izikole ezidlula izimfuneko zikahulumeni ngokunikeza izithelo ezisha nemifino, ukudla okuphelele, namaprotheni angenamafutha abeka indinganiso yokuthi ipuleti linjani.
Kubalulekile ngokufanayo nokudla kwesikole okuncintisanayo — izinto ezithengiswa ngemishini yokuthengisa, izitolo zesikole, noma phakathi nokuqoqa izimpahla. I-policies elinganisela iziphuzo ezinoshukela kanye ne-calorie ephezulu, ukudla okulula okuphansi kwakha indawo lapho kukhetha okunempilo kuphela. Ezinye izikole ziye zakwazi ukusungula amasaladi, izinhlelo zepulazi eziya kufunda isikole, kanye nezenzakalo zokunambitheka ezenza izindlela ezinomsocolo zithakazelisa futhi zikhange.
Izindawo Zokudlala Eziphephile Nezindawo Ezingokoqobo
Izingane zidinga izindawo eziphephile, ezinamagumbi anele ukuze zisebenze. Imishini yokudlala iqophelo elifanele ukukhula, ukulungisa kahle, nokufinyelela kubafundi abakhubazekile. Izikole kufanele zicabangele futhi isimo samasimu, izinkantolo, kanye nezindlela abafundi abazisebenzisayo ukuze bathathe i-PE, ikhefu, nangemva kwesikole.
Ukuphepha kudlulela ngalé kwemishini. Ukuqondisa ngokwanele, imithetho ecacile yokudlala, nokunakekela izindawo zokuvimbela ukulimala konke kuyingxenye yokwenza indawo lapho ukuvivinya umzimba kukhuthazwa khona kunokuba kube yimingcele.
Imithombo Yempilo Yengqondo Nezimiso Ezisekelayo
Abeluleki bezikole, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, nezisebenzi zezenhlalakahle benza indima ebalulekile ekuboneni abafundi abashikashikanayo futhi ababaxhumanise ngokunakekela okufanele. Izikole ezinezimiso ezinamandla zempilo yengqondo zibona izinkinga zokuziphatha, ukuba khona kwabantu abaningi, nemiphumela ethuthukisiwe yezemfundo.
Ngaphandle kokwelulekwa komuntu ngamunye, izinhlelo zesikole ezikhuthaza isimo sezulu esihle sesikole — njengokuvuselela imikhuba yobulungisa, imikhankaso emelene nokuhlasela, kanye namaqembu ontanga okusekela — zakha isiko lapho abafundi bezizwa belondekile futhi bebalulekile. Uma abafundi bezizwa bexhunyiwe esikoleni, bathambekele kakhulu ekutholeni ukuziphatha okunempilo futhi bangangeni sengozini yokuhileleka kweyingozi.
Ukuhlanganyela Komphakathi Nomkhaya
Imikhuba abantwana abayifundayo esikoleni kumelwe iqiniswe ekhaya nasemphakathini ukuze benze ushintsho oluhlala njalo. Ukuhlanganyela kwemikhaya nabangane bomphakathi kuthuthukisa ukufinyelela kwezinhlelo zempilo zesikole futhi kwakhe iqoqo lokusekela zonke izingane.
Imisebenzi, Imidlalo Yezempilo, Nezenzakalo Zomkhaya
Izikole zingahlanganisa izenzakalo eziletha ukwaziswa kwempilo ngokuqondile emikhayeni. Izehlo zempilo ezihlolwa mahhala, imiboniso yokudla okunomsoco, nezikhungo zokuvivinya umzimba zenza ukufunda ukuhlanganisa futhi kujabulise. Izikole zemisebenzi ekhuluma ngokupheka okunempilo komngane, ukusebenzisa isikhathi sethelevishini, noma ukuxoxa nezingane ngezindaba ezinzima kuhlomisela abazali amathuluzi asebenzayo.
Lezi zenzakalo zakha futhi umphakathi. Uma imikhaya ibona eminye imikhaya ihlanganyela, kuyenza ibe nesimilo esingcono futhi kubangele ukulandisa komphakathi. Izikole ezinikeza ukunakekelwa kwabantwana noma ukuhlelwa kwezenzakalo ngezikhathi eziningi zandisa amathuba okuthola imikhaya esebenzayo. Umgomo ukwenza imfundo yempilo ibe isibopho kunokuba inikezwe igunya.
Ukuhileleka Komzali Emithethweni Yezempilo Yasesikoleni
Abazali kufanele babe nesihlalo lapho kusungulwa izinqubo zezempilo zasesikoleni. Amakomiti ezokuhle ahlanganisa abameleli bomzali aqinisekisa ukuthi izimiso ziveza izidingo namaqiniso omphakathi.
Izikole ezifuna abazali ukuba bavume ukuthi abazali bayasabela futhi zikhulume ngokucacile ngezindlela zempilo zokwakha ukwethembana nokuthenga. Uma abazali beqonda izizathu ezibangela isimiso esithile — njengokuvinjelwa kwezindlela zokuzalwa ezinoshukela noma imfuneko yezinsuku zokuzalwa — basengozini kakhulu yokuwusekela ekhaya. Ukukhulumisana njalo ngamaphephabhuku, imithombo yezokuxhumana, nemihlangano yesikole kugcina ukuthuthukisa impilo kusobala futhi kuhambisana.
Izinselele Namathuba
Ukuthuthukisa impilo ezikoleni kunezithiyo. Ukuqoqa imali, ukulinganisela kwemali, nokusekela umphakathi ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene konke kungadala izithiyo. Nokho, ukuqaphela lezi zinselele kuveza namathuba okusungula nokubambisana.
Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Kwemali Nokulinganiselwa Kwamagugu
Izikole eziningi zisebenzisa imali enele eyenza kube nzima ukuqasha ochwepheshe bezempilo, ukulondoloza imidlalo, noma ukuqoqa izinhlelo zokondleka. Izikole ezisemiphakathini engatholi mithombo ephambili zingabhekana nezinselele ezinkulu, kuhlanganise nokungalondeki kokudla nokungatholakali kahle kwempilo.
Amakhambi angasiza. Izinhlangano zomphakathi neminyango yezempilo yendawo, izibhedlela, nezinhlangano ezingazuzi nzuzo zingaletha izikole zobuchwepheshe nempahla ngezindleko eziphansi. Izinhlelo zezinhlangano ezigxile kwezempilo yabantwana zingasekela izinyathelo eziqondile. Izikole zingasekela nezisebenzi zokuzithandela zomphakathi, kuhlanganise nabazali nochwepheshe bezempilo bendawo, ukuze zithuthukise izinga lazo ngaphandle kokucindezela izindleko.
Ukucindezela Kwesikhathi Nezingqinamba Zesikhathi
Lapho abaphathi bezwa ukucindezela kokuba banikeze imfundo engcono, i - PE, ikhefu nezifundo zempilo ngokuvamile kusuke kuncishisiwe.
Ithuba lisekuhleleni impilo njengengxenye ekwandiseni impumelelo yezemfundo kunokuncintisana isikhathi. Ukucwaninga njalo kubonisa ukuthi abafundi abakhuthele emzimbeni benza kangcono lapho behlola, baba khona kangcono, futhi babonisa izinkinga ezimbalwa zokuziphatha. Izikole ezivikela isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezempilo azidebeseli izifundiswa zezempilo — ziyazisekela. Ukuthuthukisa imiqondo yezempilo ezifundweni zezibalo, isayensi, nobuciko bolimi kungenye indlela yokuthuthukisa ulwazi lwempilo ngaphandle kokwenezela esimisweni.
Izinhlelo Nemikhumbi Emisha
Naphezu kwezinselele, izikole eziningi zithola izindlela zokuthuthukisa impilo. Izingadi zesikole ezinikeza indawo yokudlela imikhiqizo emisha ngokuphindwa kabili njengamakilasi angaphandle esayensi nemfundo enomsoco. Ukuhamba ngamabhasi esikole nezitimela zamabhayisekili kukhuthaza ukuthutha okukhuthele kuyilapho kwakhiwa umphakathi. Amaklabhu ezempilo ashukumisa abafundi anika intsha ithuba lokuthatha izinyathelo ezingcono futhi akhulise ithonya lontanga endleleni eyakhayo.
Izinhlangano zomphakathi zingaletha uhlelo olukhethekile ezikoleni ezingazitholi iziqu ezingaphakathi. I-YMCA ngemva kwezinhlelo zesikole, imishini exhasa insimu, kanye nezinhlangano zemidlalo ezixhaswe yizo zonke zihlanganisa konke ezinganikezwa izikole. I-altivince yeSizukulwana Sempilo [ inikeza imithombo nokuqashelwa kwezikole ezisebenzisa inqubo yezempilo esekelwe ebufakazini, zakhe isakhiwo sentuthuko eqhubekayo.
Ukulinganisa Umphumela
Ukuze zisekele imizamo yokuthuthukisa impilo, izikole zidinga ukulandelela imiphumela yazo. Imishini ingahlanganisa ukuhlola ukuqina kwabafundi, ukuthatha igalelo kwezemidlalo nangemva kwesikole, izindlela zokudla okudliwayo, nokuhlolwa kwempilo engcono yabafundi. Izikole ezihlola lezizimpawu zingabona ukuthi yini esebenzayo, yenza ukulungisa, futhi yenza isimo sokutshala imali okuqhubekayo.
Imiphumela yempilo futhi isiza izikole ukuba zixhumane nababheki beminyango. Uma isikole singabonisa ukuthi uhlelo olusha lokuvivinya umzimba lunciphisa iziyalezo zokuqeqesha noma ukuthi imfundo yokudla ukudla yandisa izithelo nemifino, yakha ukusekela ukuze kunwetshwe lezo zinhlelo. Ukuxoxa ngezindaba zempumelelo emabhodini esikole, kubazali, nabezindaba zendawo kuphakamisa isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwempilo futhi kuhehe imithombo eyengeziwe yezokudla.
Ukwakha Ikusasa Elinempilo
Ngokuhlanganisa imfundo yezempilo, imisebenzi engokomzimba, izindawo ezisekelanayo, nokuzibopha komphakathi emikhankasweni yazo yansuku zonke, izikole zingakha izimo zokuba abafundi bakhe imikhuba ehlala njalo ekuphileni kwabo.
Inzuzo yokutshala imali inhlobo. Abafundi ababa nemikhuba enempilo ebuntwaneni abanamathuba amancane okuba nesifo esingamahlalakhona esinjengesisisindo, isifo sikashukela, nesenhliziyo lapho sebebadala. Basengozini enkulu yokuphumelela kahle ezifundweni, ukuya esikoleni njalo, futhi babe nemiphumela emihle yempilo yengqondo. Izinzuzo zidlulela emikhayeni yabo, emiphakathini nasemiphakathini nasendleleni yokunakekela impilo iyonke.
Izikole ezibeka impilo kuqala azigcini nje ngokufundisa amaqiniso — ziveza indlela yokuphila. Uma abafundi bebona ukuthi isikole sabo siyakwazisa ukuhlala kahle kwabo, bafaka lowo myalezo ngaphakathi. Ikhefi elinobuhle lapho ingane ngayinye ithola khona indlela yokuhamba, ikilasi lapho kuxoxwa khona ngokukhululekile ngempilo yengqondo — lezi ziyizindawo lapho kwakhiwa khona ukuphila okunempilo.