Ohulumeni bendawo bayizinga lokubusa okuseduze kakhulu nabantu, futhi izinqumo zabo zithinta ukuphila kwansuku zonke kwamalungu omphakathi ngokuqondile kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Uma kuziwa ekulinganiseni kwabesilisa nabesifazane, indima yeziphathimandla zendawo ayisizi nje kuphela, isekelwe. Kusukela ekutheni amapaki omphakathi akhanyiswe kanjani ekuhleleni izikhungo zezempilo, noma yiziphi izinqumo ezikhona eziqinisa ukuhlukana kwabesilisa nabesifazane noma ukuhlukanisa. Ukuthuthukisa ubulili ezinkonzweni zomphakathi kusho ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izakhamuzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zingowe nhlobo lobulili, zingathola, zingasebenzisa, futhi zizuze ezinkonzweni ezinjengezempilo, imfundo, izindlu, nenhlalakahle yezenhlalo ngesisekelo esilinganayo. Lesi sihloko sihlola imisebenzi ebucayi, izinselele, izinselele, namathuba okuveza umsebenzi womphakathi owenziwa emphakathini.

Ukuchaza Ukubaluleka Kwawo Ezinhlanganweni Zomphakathi

Ukulingana

Nakuba ukulingana kwabobulili obufanayo kuhloselwe ukuphathwa bonke abantu, ubulili buqaphela ukuthi amaqembu ahlukene anezidingo ezihlukene nezingenazinzuzo ezingokomlando. Ekudluliseleni inkonzo yomphakathi, lokhu kuhlukile kubalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukunikeza indlela efanayo yebhasi kuyo yonke indawo kungase kubonakale kulingana, kodwa uma abesifazane nabantu abahlukene ngokwezigaba zobulili bezizwa bengenakulondeka ukuhamba bema ngemva kobumnyama, bakhishwa ngaphandle ngokuphumelelayo. UGender espective mithective ngokusingatha leyo migoqo eqondile ngemithetho eqondile, ngokwezinkokhelo, nangohlelo lwenkonzo.

Okwenza Ohulumeni Bendawo Babaluleke

Amapulani esizwe amisa izinhloso ezinkulu, kodwa ohulumeni bendawo baguqula lezo ukuba zibe yizinhlelo ezisebenzayo. Balawula izimali zezikole, amaphoyisa, amapaki, imitapo, nezinkonzo zomphakathi. Baqasha izisebenzi eziphethe i-odoli ezisebenzelana nezakhamuzi nsuku zonke. Banamandla ayingqayizivele okuqhuba izinqumo zomphakathi ezidinga i-othertures futhi bahileleke ngokuqondile kubantu abakwehlelekile. Lokhu kuvumela ohulumeni bendawo ukuba baphawule ukuthi izibalo zendawo zivame ukulahlekelwa yizinto zokuhlambuluka ezisezini zesikoleni zomphakathi noma ukungabikho kwezindawo zokuhlala ndawonye kwezingane ezisesakhiweni sikamasipala. Ngaphandle kwesenzo sendawo, ubulili buhlala buwumqondo ofinyele kunokuba buphile.

Izindima Eziyinhloko Zohulumeni Bendawo Ekuthuthukeni Kobuhlanga

Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezimiso Zokusetshenziswa Kwesimiso Sezomthetho Nokusetshenziswa Kwezinhlayiya Eziyinhloko

Ohulumeni bendawo bangathatha izimiso ezicacile zokuhlola ubulili eziqondisa yonke imisebenzi kamasipala. Ukuhlela kudinga umnyango ngamunye (kusukela ekuhleleni ukuhlanganisa idolobha ukuya empilweni yomphakathi − ukucabangela indlela umsebenzi wabo othinta ngayo abantu abangabesifazane abahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, umnyango wezohambo wedolobha ungaqhuba ukuphethwa kwezindlela zobulili, ukuthola ukuthi abesifazane basengozini kakhulu yokusebenzisa uhambo olufushane (isitolo, udokotela) kunokuhlela imoto eyodwa. Lokhu kwaziswa kungazisa indlela yokuhlela nokuhlela kangcono. Amadolobha amaningana, kuhlanganise [[FLT:] i-Queto,, bangaba nohambo olusheshayo oluthatha isikhathi esifushane (isikole, i-Filigins, iqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye encane yemali ehlelini.

Inzuzo Yokuhlelwa Kwemali Nokuhlelwa Kohlelo Lokusetshenziswa Kwemali

Izinqumo zokusetshenziswa kwemali kulapho izimiso zezimiso zisebenza khona. Ukuhlelwa kwemali yomphakathi esetshenziswayo kuhlaziya indlela izimali zomphakathi ezithinta ngayo amadoda, abesifazane, nabantu abangezona izigebengu. Ohulumeni bendawo banganika izikhungo zezisulu izikhungo zobudlova basekhaya, izikhungo zokuzikhuculula, iziko lezenhlanzeko eziqeqeshelwa abathengisi besifazane, noma ukunakekelwa kwezingane okuvumela abesifazane abaningi ukuba bahlanganyele emsebenzini. Ngaphandle kokwabiwa ngenhloso, iziphiwo ezihlukene ezikhona ziyoqhubeka noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. Ngokwesibonelo, uma idolobha lichitha imali yalo ezindaweni zemidlalo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amadoda, kuphumelela kakhulu ekunakekeleni ubulili obufanayo. UGender uhlela uhlelo lwezentengo yokuqondisa imithombo yemali ezindaweni zokudlala.

Ukuhlanganyela Komphakathi Nokuhlanganyela Ngokuphelele

Ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe bahlanganise ngokuzikhandla namaqembu abesifazane namadoda ahlukene ezinqubweni zokwenza izinqumo. Lokhu kudlulela ngalé kokuba nehholo elilodwa lasedolobheni ngesikhathi esinzima. Ukuthembisa okuphumelelayo kuhlanganisa:

  • Ukumisa amakomiti okuqondisa ubulili kanye nabameleli bamaqembu ahlukahlukene okuchaza ubulili
  • Isebenzisa izindlela zokuxhumana ezihlukene (izinhlolo-hlolo ze-online, izingxoxo zendlu ngendlu, amaqembu agxila ezikhungweni zomphakathi)
  • Ukunakekela izingane nezinkonzo zokuhumusha emihlanganweni yomphakathi
  • Ukubona lezo zikhundla zobuholi kuhulumeni wendawo kubonisa ukuhlukahluka komphakathi

Lapho abantu abanokuhlangenwe nakho kokungalingani benesihlalo etafuleni, amakhambi avame ukuxazulula izidingo zangempela. Ngokwesibonelo, inqubo yokusebenzisa imali yokuhlukanisa ePorto Alegre, eBrazil, yavumela abesifazane ukuba bahlele izibani emigwaqweni ezindaweni ezingaphephile, bathuthukise ukunyakaza nokuphepha kwabo ngokuqondile.

Ukuhlola, Ukuhlola, Nokulandisa

Ukuze bazi ukuthi imizamo iyasebenza yini, ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe baqoqe futhi bahlaziye ukwaziswa okuhlukaniswa ngokobulili. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukulandelela amazinga okusetshenziswa kwenkonzo, ukuhlola ukwaneliseka, kanye nomphumela wezimpawu ezinjengomazinga emisebenzi ngemva kohlelo lokuqeqesha noma ukwehla kwezenzakalo zobudlova obusekelwe ebulilini. Amabhodi omphakathi nemibiko yaminyaka yonke kungagcina uhulumeni unomthwalo wokulandisa futhi wakhe ukuthembana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ze-pilot kufanele zihlolwe, zilungiswe, futhi zibekwe isilinganiso. Ngaphandle kokuhlelwa kwezimiso eziqinile, ngisho nezimiso ezihlolwa kahle zingahluleka ukufinyelela imigomo yazo.

Izibonelo Zokuthatha Izindawo Eziphumelelayo Emhlabeni Wonke

Ukuqeqeshelwa Abanikazi Benkonzo Yomphakathi

EBarcelona, eSpain, izisebenzi zikamasipala zempilo, ezezenhlalakahle, namaphoyisa zithola ukuqeqeshwa okuphoqelelwe mayelana nobandlululo lwezilili nokuxhumana okungahlanganisiwe. Lokhu kuqeqeshwa kubasiza ukuba baqaphele izimo ezingaqondakali ezingaholela ekuphathweni ngokungafani (ngokwesibonelo), becabanga ukuthi isikhalo sowesifazane esingokomzimba sihlobene nokucindezeleka ngaphandle kokuhlola okufanelekile. Umphumela unikeza zonke izakhamuzi inkonzo ehlonipheke kakhulu, ephumelelayo.

Izikhungo Zabesifazane Nendawo Yokuyeka Ukusekela Amahub

Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo baye bamisa izikhungo ezihlanganisa izinkonzo eziningi zabesifazane, kuhlanganise nosizo olungokomthetho, ukunikeza iseluleko, ukuqeqesha umsebenzi, nokunakekela izingane. Centros de Atención Integral para Mujeres zinikeza ukusekela okubanzi futhi zinconyelwe ngokubika ubudlova basekhaya nokuthuthukisa inkululeko engokomnotho yabesifazane.

Ukuhlela Amadolobha Nezindawo Eziphephile Zomphakathi

IVienna, e-Austria, iyisibonelo sokuphayona sokuhlela idolobha elinonya kakhulu. Idolobha laqhuba ukuhamba ngezinyawo nabesifazane namantombazane ukuze libone izindawo lapho babezizwa bengalondekile khona − izibani ezimxinwa, izibani ezingaphansi, izicathulo ezicashile. Izimpawu zazihlanganisa imigwaqwe ebanzi, amabhentshi omphakathi, kanye nokukhanyisa okukhanyisa indlela phambili kunokudlula nje umgwaqo. Lendlela, ebizwa ngokuthi “ukuhlelwa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni,” iye yaphindaphindwa emadolobheni anjenge [[FLT:] Cocamba, Bolivia, neNew Delhilm, lapho izindlu zangasese ezithuthukile nezindawo zokukhanyisa imigwaqo, iyanda khona imisebenzi yabesifazane yokuhamba nokwezomnotho.

Ukuvimbela Ubudlova Obusekelwe Esizweni

Ohulumeni bendawo basemaqenjini aphambili okuvimbela nokusabela ebudloveni obusekelwe ebulilini. Okuthatha isinyathelo kuhlanganisa:

  • Ukusebenza imigqa yosizo engu - 24/7 nezindawo zokukhosela eziphuthumayo
  • Ukuqeqesha amaphoyisa namajaji ezinqubweni ezitholakele ezingozini
  • Umkhankaso womphakathi wokuxwayisa ngobudlova basekhaya nokuhlukunyezwa emigwaqweni
  • Ukumisa “idolobha eliphephile” uhlelo olusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe (isib., ama-apps ahambayo ukuze kuvikelwe isikhathi sangempela)

EKigali, eRwanda, amaphoyisa omphakathi aye ahlanganiswa namadeski abesifazane kuzo zonke iziteshi, kuqinisekisa ukuthi abasindile bathola ukusekelwa okuyimfihlo. Ukusabela okunjalo okuyimfihlo ngokuvamile kuphumelela kakhulu kunezindawo ezishisayo zesizwe ngoba kuhilela izinhlangano ezijwayelene nazo nezikhathi ezimfushane zokusabela.

Izinselele Ohulumeni Bendawo Ababhekene Nazo

Izindlela Zokushintsha Kwempucuko

Ngisho noma kunezimiso ezingcono kakhulu, izimiso ezijulile zamasiko zingalulaza ukufezeka. Izikhulu zendawo zingase zibe nemibono engokwesiko ngendima yobulili, noma amalungu omphakathi angaphikisa izinyathelo ezizibheka njengezisongela izikhulu ezimisiwe. Ukunqoba kudinga imfundo eqinile, ingxoxo nabaholi benkolo nomphakathi, kanye nokusekela okubonakalayo kwezibalo zendawo eziphezulu njengomameya noma abasunguli bemikhandlu. Ukushintsha akuvamile ukwenzeka ngokushesha; kudinga ukubekezela nokuphikelela.

Ukulinganisela Kwengcebo Nokuncintisana Okuza Kuqala

Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo basebenzisa izimali eziqinile, ikakhulukazi emazweni angenayo noma emadolobheni amancane. Ukuthatha izinyathelo zokulinganisela kungabhekwa njengokungakhetheki kunemithwalo yemfanelo eyisisekelo uma imali imfisha. Nokho, lokhu kuwumnotho ongamanga. Ukuhlola kuye kwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiwe ukuthi ukutshala imali ngokwenani labesilisa nabesifazane kuletha imbuyiselo ephakeme . Ngokuthi wonke amadollar asetshenziselwa imisebenzi yamadoda, imiphakathi ibona ithuthuka kwezomnotho, imiphumela yempilo, kanye nokuzinza kwezenhlalo. Ohulumeni bendawo bangafuna ubuhlobo nezinhlangano zosizo ezingezinzuzo, noma izinhlangano zosizo zomhlaba ezizimele ukuze bathathe izinyathelo eziphambili. Ukusebenzisa izimali ezikhona, njengokusetshenziswa kwezakhiwo ezisetshenziswa phansi kwabesifazane, futhi ezincishisiwe ezingeni ezithene.

Ukungaqapheli Nokwaziswa

Ngaphandle kokwaziswa okufanele, akunakwazi ukuthi izikhala zikuphi. Ohulumeni abaningi bendawo abaqoqi ukwaziswa okungalingani nabesifazane noma abanakho ikhono lokukuhlaziya. Izisebenzi eziqeqesha ukufundwa kokwaziswa okuyisisekelo nokusebenzisa amathuluzi aphansi amanani (umz., amafomu e-Google okuhlola umphakathi) angaqala ukugcwalisa leligebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzelana namayunivesithi endawo ukuqhuba izinhlelo zokucwaninga kunganikeza ukuqonda okubalulekile ngezindleko eziphansi.

Ukuhlukahluka Kwayo

U-Gender equity kumelwe acabangele ukuhlanganiswa kwe-CPF-(mscreation), isigaba, ukukhubazeka, indlela yobulili, ukufuduka, nezinye. Isimiso esisebenzela abesifazane abahlala phakathi kwesigaba esiphakathi singahluleka ukukhonza abesifazane abaxhunyiwe noma abesifazane bomdabu basemaphandleni. Ohulumeni bendawo kumelwe bathathe i-lens yokuvula imigwaqo, bahlole amaqoqo ahlukene futhi balungise izinkonzo ngokuvumelana. Lokhu kudinga ukuthobeka ukuvuma ukuthi zonke izindlela zokungena ezifaneleke kakhulu azifaneleki futhi bazimisele ukufunda emiphakathini ngokwayo.

Amathuba Okuvuselela Nokukhangisa

Ukusebenzelana Nomphakathi Wase - Academia

Izinhlangano ezingezona ezohulumeni (NGOs) ngokuvamile zinolwazi olujulile nokwethenjwa okukhona emiphakathini elinganiselwe. Ohulumeni bendawo bangavumelana nazo ukuze zinikeze izinkonzo noma izinhlelo ezihambisanayo. Izinhlangano zamalungelo abesifazane, ikakhulukazi, zinganikeza ukuqeqeshwa okudingekile nezisetshenziswa ezinikeza impendulo. Izimo ezingahleleki zinganikeza ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola nokusekela ukucwaninga. Ngokwesibonelo, ubuhlobo phakathi kweDolobha laseKapa Town kanye neYunivesithi yaseCape Town baveza ukulandelelana okubanzi kwezokuthutha komphakathi okuholela ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha okuqinile.

Ubuchwepheshe Obunezinkinga Bokuthwala Inkonzo Engcono

Amathuluzi emishini angasiza ohulumeni bendawo ukuba bafinyelele abantu abaningi futhi baqhubekele phambili. Ama-apples angavumela izakhamuzi ukuba zibike izindawo ezingaphephile noma izinkonzo zokucela ngaphandle kolwazi. Ama-operate ahlela uhlelo lokuhlela imali engahlukanisa zingandisa ukuthembisana, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezakhamuzi ezisencane. Izimiso zokwaziswa ze-GOCP zingabala izenzakalo zobudlova noma izikhala zokuthola imvume ngesikhathi sangempela, zisize abahleli ukuba bafake iziteshi ezise-tejiji. Nokho, izixazululo zemishini kumelwe ziklanywe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-mafoni noma i-internet.

Izindawo Zokunyathelisa Nezokuqondisa Imithetho Ezisekela Isenzo Sasendaweni

Ohulumeni bezwe bangavumela ukusungulwa kwezindawo ngokunikeza izimvume ezingokomthetho, imifula exhasa imali, nosizo lobuchwepheshe. Ngokwesibonelo, iSichibiyelo soMthetho-sisekelo sase-195 se-Indiya sigcine izihlalo eziyi-3% emikhandlwini yabesifazane, sandisa ngokuphawulekayo ukuma kwabo nethonya lenkambiso. Ngokufanayo, Sustabled Development Profement Profective Migomo (SD 5)[FLD:1] inikeza uhlelo lwembulunga yonke ohulumeni bendawo abangayisebenzisa ukubeka izisulu nentuthuko ye-partment. Uma imithetho yesizwe ihambisana namaqiniso endawo, amathuba okuthola imiphumela.

Isiphazamiso sedolobha ne Mystery

Ohulumeni bendawo akudingeki baphinde bavuselele isondo. Amanethi anjenge-International Association of Public Transport (UITP) noma i-C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group Group asebenza ngezindlela ezinabantu abesilisa nabesifazane abahlanganyela imisebenzi engcono kakhulu. Abathathi-mandla bangahlanganyela ezixhunyiweni zontanga, izingqungquthela ze-webina, ukuze bafunde kwezinye izindawo eziphumelelayo. Idolobha elincane lingathola futhi lizivumelanise namasu akhona aqala edolobheni elikhulu elinezinga elifanayo, ukulondoloza isikhathi nokugwema izingingi.

Ukwakha Ikusasa Eliphelele: Ibalazwe Elihlelekile Lomgwaqo Lohulumeni Bendawo

Ukuze kufinyelelwe ukulingana okubalulekile kwabesilisa nezicathulo zomphakathi, ohulumeni bendawo kufanele bathathe indlela emisiwe:

  1. Commit no-Asses: Izombangazwe zilondekile ziyokwengamela phezulu, bese ziphatha ukubheka okuqinile kwezesilisa nabesifazane ezinkonzweni, izimiso, kanye nezindawo ezizokwabiwa.
  2. Icebo:[ Yakha iqembu elihlukene, iphethe ukuhlola okuhlanganisayo, futhi ithuthukise uhlelo olucacile lwezenzo ngezikhombe ezingcono, izikhombi zesikhathi, neminyango enomthwalo wemfanelo.
  3. Ukugcwalisa noHlelo lwemali: Hlanganisa ukuxhasa okunikezelwe kwezindlela ezithatha indawo yokuqala, ukuqeqesha bonke izisebenzi ukuba bazwe ubulili, nokumisa izimiso zokulandisa njengesikhulu sobulili obubodwa noma ikomiti.
  4. Umenzi, i-Evaluate, kanye nokuguquguquka: qoqa ukwaziswa okuhlungwa njalo, kunyathelise imibiko yentuthuko, futhi kulungise amasu asekelwe ekuqondiseni nasekushintsheni izidingo.
  5. [[NT.0] Ukungavumelani nokulinganisa: Ubulili obuhlangene kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezivamile, ukwenza izinhlelo eziphumelelayo, nokusekela izimiso zesizwe ezisekelayo nezimali zesikhathi eside.

Okusebenzayo enhloko - dolobha ecebile yaseYurophu kungase kudingeke ushintshe okuthile esifundeni sasemaphandleni sase - Afrika. Isihluthulelo siwukuqala, ukuthatha, futhi ugcine amazwi athinta kakhulu zonke izinqumo.

Isiphetho

Ohulumeni bendawo banamandla amakhulu okuhlela okuhlangenwe nakho kwansuku zonke kobulili − noma ukuhlanganisa. Ngokuthuthukisa ngamabomu, ukuqoqa izimali, ukubopha izimali, nokugada okuqhubekayo, bangaguqula izinkonzo zomphakathi zibe izisekelo zokufakwa nokulunga. Izinselele ezinjengokumelana namasiko, izimali ezilinganiselwe, kodwa izikhala zemininingwane zingokoqobo, kodwa azikho ezingenakunqotshwa. Ngokuhlanganisa izivumelwano, ukusungula, kanye nokuzimisela ukuhlukanisa izimpahla, iziphathimandla zendawo zingadala imiphakathi lapho ubulili bungabe bukhona khona ukuthi ubani ozophumelela. Uhambo lude, kodwa zonke iziteshishiso zonke izinhlelo zohlelo lokuqeqesha, futhi zonke izimali ezihlelwayo ziletha umbono oweqiniso. Kuyisikhathi sokuba bonke ohulumeni bendawo bathathe isinyathelo esiyinhloko, hhayi njengesemcimbikweni wokubusa kodwa njengesibopho esiyinhloko sokubusa.