Ithonya Elikhulayo Lezenzo Zokwelapha Zangasese Entuthukweni Yomhlaba Wonke

Kuleminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule, ukuphana ngempango kwabantu ngabanye kuye kwakhula kwaba amandla aphawulekayo phakathi kwezindawo zosizo zomhlaba wonke. Abantu abacebile, izisekelo zokusiza, nezinkampani manje bathumela izigidi zezigidi zamaRandi emikhankasweni yokuthuthukisa, izinhlekelele zomphakathi, nezinhlelo zezenhlalo emazweni aphansi naphakathi atholakele. Nakuba usizo lukahulumeni olushiywe abantu bakwamanye amazwe lulokhu luwumgogodla wokuthuthuka kwezizwe zonke, abanikeli bomuntu siqu baletha ijubane, ukuvumelana nezimo, nokuzimisela ukuthatha izingozi lezo izinhlangano zomphakathi ngokuvamile ezingenakuzifanelana nazo. Lolu shintsho luye lwalungisa indlela yokusiza, obeka ngayo izinqumo, nezinhlobo zezixazulu ezihlelwayo.

Isilinganiso esikhulu sokuphana ngesihle ngesihle. Ngokwe- OECD, ukugeleza kokwabantu ngabanye abaphayo kufinyelele cishe ku-R9 000 000 000 ngonyaka ekupheleni kwawo-2010, kanye nezisekelo eziphezulu , njenge-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, iWellcome Trust, ne-Anfasticementmentment Fund yezingane (inani elikhulu). Lelinani alihlanganisi ukusetshenziswa kwemali yenkampani yezenhlala mhlaba, i-diaporamitance, noma i-collard faming, zonke ezisandisa indima ye-intelligement.

Ukuchaza Ukuphana Kwangasese Ngezinga Losizo

Iminikelo yokusiza abantu ngabanye ngokwezimali noma ngezindlela zokuzithandela ibhekisele eminikelweni enikezwa yizinhlangano ezingezona ezohulumeni ezihloselwe ukuthuthukisa inhlalakahle yabantu phesheya. Ngokungafani nosizo lwezenyuselo ezingokomthetho (ODA), olugeleza phakathi kwezinhlangano ze-binametal noma zezindawo eziningi, izinhlangano ezizimele zokusiza abasweleyo zisuka ezisekelweni, ezinhlanganweni, ezinhlanganweni, kubantu abanezimo eziphezulu zenethiwe, ngisho nakunikeza iziteshi. Umehluko oyinhloko yinkululeko ekulawuleni kukahulumeni, onika isilinganiso sokuzama, ukukhokha izimali ngokushesha, nokuxhasa impikiswano noma ukunganaki.

Le ngxenye ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zabadlali. Izakhiwo zemega njenge-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation ezisebenza ngemishini emikhulu kunezimiso zemali zamazwe amaningi. Izakhiwo ezincane zomkhaya kanye nemikhankaso ye-inthanethi enikeza inzuzo, ikakhulukazi uma i-Google.org, zihambisana nokuphana ngolwazi lwezebhizinisi. Abanikeli ngabanye njengoMacKenzie Scott benza izipho ezinkulu, ezingancipheki ezintshweni zotshani. Ngisho nezisekelo ezincane zomkhaya kanye ne-inthane ye-intanethi zenza inzuzo ewusizo, ikakhulukazi uma i-aggle.

Inzuzo yokusiza abantu ngabanye akuyona into entsha, ngakho i-Rockefeller Foundation neFord Foundation iye yasebenza iminyaka eyikhulu ngqa, kodwa izinga layo nokuklanywa kwayo kuye kwakhula ngokuphawulekayo kusukela ngo- 2000.

Indlela Ukunikeza Impatho Yangasese Okuhambisana Ngayo Nosizo Oluvamile

Usizo lwangaphandle lulandela izinto eziza kuqala kwezombangazwe, ludinga izinqubo ezinde zokuvunyelwa, futhi lucindezelwa yimithetho ye-bureaucracy. Ukuphana ngezindlela zomuntu siqu kugcwalisa izikhala ezibucayi ngokuxhasa ngezimali abashayeli bezindiza abaqaphile, kusekela izindawo ezigcwele ukuhlaziywa njengenkulisa noma impilo engokwengqondo, futhi kunikeze ukusabela okusheshayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo. Ngokwesibonelo, phakathi nobhadane lwe-COVID-19, umqedazwelo we-Gates Foundation wathatha ngaphezu koR6,75 000 000 000 000 (R3,75) ekuthuthukiseni ukuxilonga, kanye nezimiso zezempilo eziqinisa kakhulu kunezindlela zikahulumeni zokusebenza.

Abanikela ngasese nabo baphumelela kakhulu ekuxhaseni umsebenzi wokubusa ohulumeni abangase bawugweme. Ukusekela umphakathi wezakhamuzi oqaphe izinhlangano zomphakathi, izinyathelo zokulwa nokonakala, noma izinkonzo zezempilo zokuzala kungaba nozwela lwezombangazwe kubantu abanikelayo kuhulumeni, kodwa izisekelo ezizimele zingangena ngaphandle kwemiphumela yezokuxhumana. Lokhu kwenza intuthuko ezingxabanweni ezingase zingenele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo yangasese ngokuvamile inikeza imithombo eyengeziwe. Izakhiwo zidinga abanikezi ukuba babonise izimali ezihambelanayo, ukuhlangana nabanye abanikelayo, noma ukwakha izithombe zebhizinisi eziqinile. iGatest Foundation[ ngokucacile] izakhiwo ezinikezayo ukuze kuvulwe iminikelo kuhulumeni nasengxenyeni yomuntu, iphinda ithonya lemali yokuqala engaphandle.

Izibonelo Eziphawulekayo Zokuqalisa Kokusiza Ngasese

Indawo igcwele izinto eziphawulekayo ezibonisa amandla okusiza abantu ngasese osizo lwakwamanye amazwe:

  • Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: Isisekelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni, esinesilinganiso esingaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50 (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-50). Ukugxila kwayo empilweni yembulunga yonke(ihlanganisa ukuqedwa kopoliyo, ukuvinjelwa ngumalaleveva, nempilo kamama kanye nengane (i-menda Gates Foundation) iye yasindisa ukuphila kwezigidi ngezimali zokugoma nokucwaninga.
  • Clinton Health Access Initificiative (CAI): owasungulwa owayenguMongameli uBill Clinton, CHAI usebenza nohulumeni emazweni angaphezu kuka-30 ukuze athuthukise ukutholakala kwemithi, aqinise izimiso zezempilo, futhi anciphise inani lezidakamizwa ezidingekile.
  • MacKenzie Scott’s Elepping: Kusukela ngo-2019, uScott uye wanikela ngaphezu koR1 000 000 kuya emakhulwini ezinhlangano, eziningi zigxile ebumpofwini, emalungelweni abesifazane, nasemfundo emiphakathini engakholeki embulungeni yonke. Indlela yakhe yokukholeka esekelwe ekuthembeni iye yanconywa ngokunciphisa umthwalo wokuphatha kwabaniwayo.
  • Ikhokha-Cola Foundation: Ingalo yenkampani ephanayo isekela ukuphatha amanzi, amandla ezomnotho zabesifazane, kanye nokubuyisela izinto ezintsha emazweni amaningi, ngokuvamile i-Coca-Cola esakazayo yendawo.
  • Open Society Foundations: Wasungulwa nguGeorge Soros, lemali yenethiwekhi yomphakathi, amalungelo abantu, nemithombo yezindaba ezimele emhlabeni wonke, egcizelela kakhulu ukubusa kwentando yeningi ekushintsheni amazwe.

Ukulinganisa Imiphumela: Lokho Okufezwa Izenzo Zokwelapha Ezingabodwa

Ngokwesibonelo, i-Carter Center iye yanciphisa iziguli ezisukela ezigidini ezingu-3,5 ngo-1986 kuya ku-13 kuphela ngo-20222, futhi isekela kakhulu i-Diana Foundation kanye nabanye abanikeli abangabodwa. Ngokufanayo, i-Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (Gavi) yaqala ngesivumelwano se-R150 000 000 000 000 se-R280 se-R1, kusukela ku-Gates Foundation futhi kusukela lapho yathola izingane ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-980.

Ngaphandle kwempilo, i-apply ezimele yokuphana isekele amasu amasha ezolimo, iminyango e-microfinence, kanye nokuthola ulwazi lobuchwepheshe. i-One Laptop kumntwana ngamunye (ingaxubene nemiphumela) /ayichaza ngendlela abadlali abazimele abangasunduza ngayo imisebenzi yobuchwepheshe yemfundo ephambili. Muva nje, i-Chan Zuckerberg Initivement iye yafaka amathuluzi okuhlola izifo ze-Al nemfundo yomuntu siqu, ihlose ukufinyelela impumelelo yezimiso zobuchwepheshe eziphezulu zokuthola imali ephansi.

Nokho, ithonya aliqiniseki. Abagxeki bakhomba ukuhluleka kwemisebenzi, njenge-PlayPumps International, efaka amaphampu amanzi aphindwe kabili ngokuphindwe kabili ezindaweni zase-Afrika. Naphezu kwezinhloso ezinhle, amaphampu amaningi aphuka ngokushesha ngenxa yokuklanywa kabi nokunganakekelwa. Abanikeli bomuntu, abathambekele ekubekeleni ithemba elingcono futhi abalinganiselwe ngokungabikho kokulandisa kwentando yeningi, bangafaka izimali ezixazululweni ezingaqiniseki ukuthi imithombo yemfucumfucu.

Ukugxekwa Nezinselele Zokulandisa

Ukuphana ngasese ngosizo lwangaphandle akunampikiswano. Ukugxeka okukhulu yisimo sokungalingani kwamandla: idlanzana labacebi nabasebenzi beminikelo abacebile kanye namalungu abo, ngokunokwenzeka kungabi nakuhlobana nezindawo abasebenzela kuzo, zenza ukuba kubekwe kuqala izigidi zezigidi zamaRandi. Lokhu kungaqondisa impilo yembulunga yonke kanye nentuthuko ezimpikiswaneni ezihlobana nesithakazelo esiba khona abanikeli, njengezifo ezithathelwanayo noma ubuchwepheshe obusakhelwa phambili, kuyilapho bedebeseza izinkinga zokwakha ezijulile njengobulungisa bentela, ukukhulula izikweletu, noma ukuthuthukisa isimo sezulu.

Ukubona bhabha kwelinye icala kungelinye iphuzu elibuthakathaka. Nakuba usizo lukahulumeni lungaphansi kokuqondisa, ukuhlola, nokuhlola iphalamende, izisekelo ezizimele ziqondiswe kakhulu. Akudingeki ukuba zithulule imibiko yazo yokuhlola, ukwenza iziqondiso, noma imiphumela yemisebenzi ekhokhelwayo. Lokhu kungabikho kokuziphendulela komphakathi kuphakamisa imibuzo ngokuthi izithakazelo zikabani ezikhonzwa ngempela. Njengoba [[FLT: 0] iPhilanthroppy Australia[ iphawula iziqondiso zayo zamakhasimu, ukufakwa kokukhanyisa okukhulu kuthola imvume yokutholwa, kodwa ukugcinwa kuhlala kungalingani.

Enye into ekhathazayo ukuthi ukuphana ngedwa kungalulaza ukuba nendawo. Uma izisekelo ezinkulu zixhasa izinhlelo ezithile zempilo ngokuqondile, zingadlula ohulumeni bendawo nomphakathi womphakathi, zidala izimiso ezihambelanayo ezingagcini ngokwezimali. Igama elithi “i-liventrop-computer" liye lasetshenziselwa ukuchaza izimo lapho abanikeli abacebile befaka izixazululo eziphezulu ngaphandle kokulalela amazwi endawo. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Gates Foundation’s inbiologistology iveza ukugxekwa okumelene nokusetshenziswa kwe-agroeccodeticology okusekela isayensi yesayensi yezolimo.

Ikhorporatey iphakamisa izingxabano zesithakazelo. Amakhampani anjenge-Coca-Cola noma i-Nestlé axhasa impilo yomphakathi nemisebenzi yendawo ezungezile kuyilapho egxekwa ngokukhiqiza iziphuzo ezinoshukela noma ukupakisha indle. Abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi lokhu kungabangela idumela lenkampani lokuhlanza ngaphandle kokulungisa umonakalo oyinhloko.

Indima Yokwaziswa Nokuhlolwa

Ukuze kuxoxwe izindleko zokulandisa, izinhlangano eziningi zokusiza abasweleyo ziye zasebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuqinile nokucushwa. Ukuhlola okungalawuleki, ukucubungula izindleko, nokubambisana kokufunda nezinhlangano zezemfundo sekuvamile manje. I-Sates Foundation, ngokwesibonelo, inyathelisa imibiko enikeza imininingwane futhi ihlola imibiko etholakala kuyiwebhusayithi yayo, futhi ikhipha izimali zeNhlangano yezempilo ye-Exter for Health Metrics and Exasion (IHME) ukuze ilandelele imiphumela yempilo yembulunga yonke.

Nokho ukuhlola kukodwa akwanele. Izindlela zobuPhilanthropopia kumelwe ziklanywe ngemibono ecacile yoshintsho, ukubika okusobala, kanye nezinqubo zokunikeza imiphumela evela kwabazuzayo. Ezinye izisekelo ziye zaqala ukuzama ukwenza iziphakamiso zokunikeza, lapho abameleli bomphakathi behlala khona ekwenzeni iziphakamiso. Umkhuba kaMacKenzie Scott wokunikeza ngokungenamingcele, ukunikeza iminyaka eminingi kubonisa ukuqaphela okukhulayo ukuthi ukwethembana okusekelwe ekusekeleni inzuzo kungaba ngcono kunemisebenzi elawulwa ngokuqinile.

Impatho Yangasese Nemigomo Eqhubekayo

I-United Nations’s Sustainable Development Zomgomo (SDGs), eyamukelwa ngo-2015, inikeza uhlelo oluvamile lwentuthuko yembulunga yonke. Igebe lezezimali elilinganiselwa ku-SDG(amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-80) ngonyaka lingenakugcwaliswa ngosizo lukahulumeni kuphela. I-Hulumeni philanthropy ibhekwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yekhambi, ikakhulukazi ku-SDG 3 (Ubungcono nenhlala-ntle), SDG 4 (Imfundo) ne-SDG 13 (Isenzo esinezeluleko).

Izimiso eziningana zokusiza abantu zivumelane namasu azo ne-SDG. I-SDG Philanthropy Platform, ehlanganiswe yi-United Nations Development Programme ne Foundation Center, isiza izisekelo ukuba zixhumanise umsebenzi wazo nemigomo yembulunga yonke. I-Rockefefeller Foundation’s “100 Ressient Cities, nakuba kusukela iphetha, yanikeza isibonelo senhlokodolobha yezempano ehlangene nezokulungisa izakhiwo zamadolobha esathuthuka.

Kodwa ukuvumelana ne-SDGs akuqondile njalo. I-Philanthropist ingafuna imigomo efanelana nezithakazelo zabo kunokusingatha izimpikiswano ezinzima kakhulu zesimiso sohlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-SDGs igcizelela ubuni besizwe, obungaphikisana nohlobo lwempepho oluzimele lokuphana. Ukufinyelela ubuhlobo beqiniso kudinga izisekelo zokulalela kakhulu ohulumeni nemiphakathi yendawo, nokusekela ukuqoqwa kwemicebo yasekhaya kunokuba kwakhiwe ukuncikelelwa kobuni bangaphandle okuhlala njalo.

Imikhuba Yesikhathi Esizayo: Lapho Kuphokophele Ukupha Kwangasese

Indima yokuphana ngasese ekusizeni kwamanye amazwe cishe izoqhubeka ikhula. Inani lamabhiliyoni emhlabeni wonke liyanda, njengoba likhula nengcebo ebekwa izisekelo. Ukuthembisa kokunikela, okwaqalwa nguWarren Buffett noBill Gates, manje kuhlanganisa izimemezelo ezingaphezu kuka-200 ezizimisele ukunikela okungenani ingxenye yengcebo yazo. Uma lezi zifungo zigcwalisekile, amakhulu ezigidi zezigidi zamadollar angage angageleza ekwakhekeni kwamashumi eminyaka azayo.

Ubuchwepheshe nokwaziswa kubuye kunikeze i-Allanthropic. Izindawo zokufaka izimali ezisekelwe kumapulatifomu zivumela ukulandelelana kwemali ebhalwe ngale kusukela kumniniyo kuya kumniniyo. Izindawo zomphakathi ezingenisa amapulatifomu njenge Global Giving ne GoFoundMe zivumela izigidi zabanikelayo ukuba basekele imisebenzi yendawo esathuthuka. Ukunikela ngezimali kufaka imali . /a lapho inhloko zomnotho zifuna khona kokubili ukubuyiselwa ngokwezimali nemiphumela engokwenhlalo", kufiphaza umugqa phakathi kosizo nombango, kuthembisa ukuletha isijeziso sezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano ethuthukiswayo.

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuvela njengendawo eyinhloko. Izakhiwo ezinjenge-Bezos Earth Fund (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-49) kanye ne-Bloomberg Philanthropels zithela imithombo yamandla avuselelwayo, ikhabhoni esuswayo, nemisebenzi yokuzivuselela e-Global South. I-ofisi yezezimali ingathatha izikhundla zokuqala ze-oglosthropy nezimali ezibekwa phambili ohulumeni futhi baxoshe inhloko bhile.

Nokho, le mikhuba iletha izingozi. Izisebenzi zobupfilozi zingasebenzisa ithonya elinamandla kakhulu ezimisweni zembulunga yonke, njengoba kubonakala ezimpikiswaneni eziseduze nezinhlangothini ze-CHOVID zemijovo esemthethweni ye-CHOVAD, lapho i-Sates Foundation yamelana khona ne-IP ekuthatheni i-IP. Ukubekwa kwamandla ezandleni ezimbalwa cishe ezihloselwe kahle, cishe kanye nezihlonze eziqhubekayo ezihlaziywa umphakathi, izintatheli, kanye nemiphakathi ethintekile.

Ukutuswa Kokunciphisa Ithonya Elihle

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukuphana ngasese kuthuthukisa usizo lwakwamanye amazwe kunokuba kululaze, kufanele kwenziwe imikhuba eminingana engcono kakhulu:

  • [ Sebenzisa umholi wendawo: Imali yezinhlangano ezigxilile zendawo futhi uzinike amandla okwenza izinqumo ngokuklanywa nokusetshenziswa kohlelo. Gwema ukuthatha i-parachuse kuchwepheshe bangaphandle ngaphandle kokufakwa komphakathi.
  • ukwandisa ukukhanya: ngokuphandle kunikeza ukwaziswa, ukuhlola, kanye nezizathu ezingokwezimali. Isekela ukutholakala okuvulekile kokucwaninga nokuhlola okuthinta.
  • Ukuhlanganiswa nohulumeni nosizo oluningi: Aluvumelani namasu entuthuko yesizwe kanye namapulani embulunga yonke njenge-SDGs. Sebenzisa inhloko- dolobha yephilantropic ukugcwalisa izikhala, hhayi ukulingisa imizamo kahulumeni.
  • Ingozi ye-embrace nokwehluleka: iNgxowa-mali ethembisa kodwa engagunyazi, futhi ihlanganyele izifundo zemisebenzi ehlulekile ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwensimu oluhlangeneyo.
  • Hlala uthobekile futhi ulalele: Gwema isifiso sokufuna “zinciphe” izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinezixazululo eziphezulu. Vikelani ekulaleleni uhambo, izinqubo zokwenza okuzenzakalelayo, kanye nokulawula.

Isiphetho

Ukuphana ngasese kuye kwaguqula imvelo yangaphandle, iletha inhlokomfa entsha, izindlela ezintsha, nokuzimisela ukuxazulula izinkinga ezigxilile. Uma kusetshenziswa ngokuhlakanipha, kungasheshisa intuthuko empilweni, emfundweni, empungeni, nasekuzikhuthazeni kwesimo sezulu. Kodwa amandla ayo adinga umthwalo. Ngaphandle kokubonana, ukulandisa, nokuba nobuhlobo obuqotho nemiphakathi, ukuphana ngezindlela ezihlukene, izingozi zokuphinda amaphutha okukhula okuphezulu, noma okubi kakhulu, ukuqinisa ithonya lokugxila ekusebenziseni izandla ezingagunyaziwe.

Ukungenela komusa okuphumelela kakhulu yilezo ezilalela kakhulu kunezaziswe, ezifaka izimali ekwakheni isikhundla sendawo kunokuba zihambisane nezimiso, futhi lezo zibambelele ekuhlolweni okufanayo ezifuna abanye. Njengoba ingxenye iqhubeka ikhula, inselele ayikhona ukuthi impatho yangasese ingafeza indima yini ekusizeni kwamanye amazwe, kodwa ukuthi ingaqinisekisa kanjani ukuthi leyondima iyasebenza futhi ingokokuziphatha. Ngokuhlanganisa ukushesha kwenhloko - dolobha yomuntu siqu nokuhlakanipha kokubusa komphakathi kanye nezwi lemiphakathi esebenzayo, uphilithano lwe-phathropy lungagcwalisa isithembiso sayo njengomngane wangempela esenzekalweni emhlabeni wonke.