Ubandlululo lweminyaka luhlala luphakathi kohlobo oluphikelelayo nolungabikwa kakhulu lobandlululo emsebenzini. Naphezu kwamashumi eminyaka esivikelo esingokomthetho njenge-Age Discrimination in Observation Act (ADEA), ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi izisebenzi ezimbili kwezintathu ezineminyaka engu-45 nangaphezulu zithola umbiko wobandlululo osekelwe obangelwa iminyaka yobudala emsebenzini. Abaqashi abazimisele ukwakha izinhlangano ezilinganayo, ukuqaphela ukuthi lokhu kucwasana kusekuqaleni kokuzivikela. Imininingwane yanamuhla inikeza indlela ehleliwe, esekelwe ekuvulweni kwemibono engokobudala obungamele ukugcinwa ngeminyaka ezindaweni zokuvota, amarekhodi, ukukhushunyaniswa kwemisebenzi, ukukhushunyaniswa kwemisebenzi. Ngokuhlola amandla emininingwane yemininingwane, izinkampani zingasuka ekusolweni kweze ekusolweni kwemininingwane emishayo, ekusungulweni kwezenzoni kwezimiso zobulungisa, ukusungulwa kwezimiso zomthetho zezokuxhumana, ukuhlelwa kwezenzo ezinculo.

Ukuqonda Ubudala Emsebenzini

Ubandlululo lweminyaka [1] olubizwa nangokuthi ukuthatha iminyaka yobudala (_isho ukuthatha i-status, ubandlululo, noma ubandlululo ngabantu abasekelwe enkathini yabo yokulandelana kwezikhathi. Kungabonakala ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: ubudala obucacile, lapho izisebenzi ezindala zikhishwa ngamabomu emathubeni, kanye nokungaqondi kahle ukuthi zinamasu angenangqondo. Izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukukholelwa ukuthi izisebenzi esezikhulile azivumelani nobuchwepheshe obusha, ukuhlanganisa intsha nokusungula izinto ezintsha, noma ukudlulisa abantu abadala abafanelekayo ngenxa “yokungawamukeli kahle" noma“ akufaneleki ngokwesiko.””

Isimiso somthetho esihlobene nobandlululo lobudala sicacile. I-ADEA yenqabela ukucwaswa kwabantu abaneminyaka engu-40 nangaphezulu ekuqasheni, ekukhushulweni, ekukhokheleni, ekuqedeni, nakweminye imisebenzi. Nokho, umthetho awuvikeli kuzo zonke izinqumo ezisekelwe ebudalani; ivimbela kuphela labo abakhetha ubuhlanga. Abaqaphi basiza abaqashi ukuba bahlukanise phakathi kwezinqumo ezingokomthetho zebhizinisi nezindlela ezisikisela ubandlululo.

Izindleko zokungalawuleki kobandlululo lobudala zinkulu. Ngaphandle kokubekwa emadolobheni ngokomthetho `EEOC' izenzo zomthetho zingabangela ukulahlekelwa yizindawo ezibizayo `Ama-companian alahlekelwa ulwazi olubalulekile lwenhlangano, izimo ezihlukene, kanye nokubopha izisebenzi. Izisebenzi ezibona ukuthi ukucwasana ngeminyaka akunakwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ziphumele futhi zingahambi, zikhuphule izindleko eziguquguqukayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu anezigaba ezihlukene ngokulandelanayo ngokulandelana kwezinkinga nokuthuthukisa, okwenza ukuba ukukhula kubangele inzuzo yokuncintisana.

Indima Yezazi Zokwaziswa Ekutholeni Iminyaka Yokuphila

Imininingwane ihlanganisa ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane ehleliwe, ukuhlaziywa, nokuchazwa kwemininingwane yomsebenzi ukuze kubonwe izindlela, ukuthambekela, kanye nokungaqondi. Uma isetshenziswa ekutholeni ukucwasana kobudala, iguqula ingxoxo isuka emibonweni esekelwe kuyo ithole ubufakazi obuqondile. Izihloko zesayensi zingaveza umehluko ongase uphuthe izingqapheli zabantu, ikakhulukazi uma ubandlululo lusebenza ezingeni elithile kunasezenzo zobandlululo.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukubikezela ukuthi kungalawula ubandlululo ngaphambi kokuba kulimaze izisebenzi. Ngokulingisa amathuba okuqasha, ukukhushulelwa, noma ukuqedwa kweqembu leminyaka yobudala, abaqashi bangaphawula izigaba ze-HR ezisemzimbeni lapho izinhlobonhlobo zinkulu khona. Ama-prescriptic analytic athatha isinyathelo esingaphezulu, atusa ukungenela okuqondile ukuze kulungiswe lezozinto ezihlukene. Ngokuhlanganisa, lamathuluzi agunyaza abaholi be-HR ukuba balawule izinhlobonhlobo zeminyaka yabo kunokuba baphendule izikhalo.

Isinyathelo sokuqala kunoma yisiphi isiphi isinyathelo sokuhlola ukuchaza ukuthi kuyini ubandlululo. Emkhakheni wezomthetho, izinkolelo ezimbili ziyasebenza: ukwahlulela ngokuhlukana (ukucwasana ngenhloso) kanye nethonya elihlukanisayo (izenzo ezithinta iqembu elivikelwe ngokungenakuqhathaniswa, kungakhathaliseki injongo). I-data alylytics inamandla kakhulu ekuqapheleni ithonya elihlukile, njengoba ingahlukanisa imiphumela yezimiso ezithile noma izimpawu ezithile (ezifana nemfuneko yezinga elithile lokufunda ekholiji phakathi kwesigaba esithile sesikhathi."""izisebenzi ezindala ezikwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto.

Imithombo Yokwaziswa Okuyinhloko Yokuhlolwa Kweminyaka Yokukhula Kwezinsukwana

Ukuthola ubandlululo lweminyaka kuya ngokuthola ukwaziswa okuningi nokunembile. Amakhasi kufanele athathe imisuka eminingi ukuze akhe umbono ophelele:

Isimiso sokuhlola esicacile (ATS)

Amapulatifomu e-ATS athatha ukwaziswa okuningiliziwe mayelana nomfundi ngamunye, kuhlanganise nosuku lokusebenza, izimfuneko, izenzo zokujoyina, kanye nengxoxo imiphumela. Ngokuhlaziya indlela ubudala obuvumelana ngayo nokuqhubekeka kwe-firenet (ukusukela ekuqashweni) ekunikezeni i-(-screenss) abasebenzi bangabona uma abantu abadala behlolwa ngokungenakulinganiswa emasangweni athile. Ngokwesibonelo, uma abantu abadala abacelayo bethola isilinganiso esiphansi ngokuhlola okungaqiniseki ukuthi umsebenzi uyasebenza, lokho kuhlola kungangcoliswa ukuthatheka kobandlululo.

Ukukhokhela Nokuthola Imali

Imininingwane yokuthengiswa, ehlanganisa iholo eliyisisekelo, amabhonasi, nokukhushulwa, kufanele ihlolwe ngeqembu lobudala (elihlelwe ngamabhande anjenge 20-29, 30249, 40_49, 50859, 60+). Izinga lokungachazeki ngezici ezingokomthetho ezinjengokuthatha isilinganiso somsebenzi, noma izinga lomsebenzi lingabonisa ukucwasana ngenkokhelo yobudala.

Izimiso Zokubukeza Umsebenzi

Izibalo zokusebenza zivame ukuba nezici ezibonisa ukucwasana kwenani. Ukuhlola ukusakazeka kwezibalo ngeminyaka kungaveza ukuthi izisebenzi esezikhulile zithola isilinganiso esiphansi ngokuqhubekayo noma zithola isilinganiso esiphansi, ngisho nalapho zilawula izilinganiso eziziphethe kahle. Ngokufanayo, ulimi olusetshenziswa ekuhloleni okubhaliwe olufana “no-ergative,”“ ukuphumelela kakhulu,” noma “ukungathintwa” kungafinyelelwa emikhubeni ehlobene nolimi oluvamile (NLP).

Ukuthuthukisa Nemininingwane Yokuthuthuka Kwemisebenzi

Ukulandelela amazinga okukhushulwa, isikhathi sokukhushulwa, namazinga omthwalo wemfanelo onyaka kusiza ekuboneni uphahla lwengilazi lwezisebenzi esezikhulile. Uma iqembu labaphathi benkampani lingaphansi kuka - 50 ngokumangalisayo naphezu kwezisebenzi ezihlanganisa abantu abadala, abafanelekayo, uphayiphi wokuthutha ungakhetha.

Ukuhlola Ukudla Okungenayo Emsebenzini

Imininingwane ehlanganisa abantu abadala ephuma ezingxoxweni zokuxoxa nakuhlolwa kwezivumelwano ingabamba imibono yezisebenzi ezineminyaka yobudala. Imibuzo ephathelene nenhlonipho, amathuba okukhula, nokungaguquguquki kufanele ihlolwe yiqembu labakhulile.

Imisebenzi Nemisebenzi Yokuzigcina Usemzimbeni

Imininingwane ephathelene nokungabi khona kwemisebenzi, umkhiqizo, nokungacabangi ngeminyaka ingaveza ukuthi izisebenzi esezikhulile ziyaxoshwa yini ngenxa yokukhishwa kwemisebenzi eyakhayo (ukwenza izimo zingabekezeleleki). Izinga eliphakeme lokuncipha kwezisebenzi esezikhulile, ikakhulukazi ekuhleleni intuthuko, kugunyaza uphenyo.

Izindlela Zokuhlola Nemishini Yokuthola Iminyaka

Uma seliqoqiwe, abaqashi badinga izindlela eziqinile zokukhipha izimpawu ezinengqondo. Amasu amaningana okubala nemishini avumelana kakhulu nokuhlaziya ubandlululo lobudala:

Ukuhlaziya Okungalingani

Indlela elula iwukubala amazinga okukhetha, amazinga okukhushulwa, nesilinganiso sembuyiselo ngeqembu leminyaka. Uma kuqhathaniswa lamanani asebenzisa umthetho we-fiths (indinganiso yesiqondiso se-EEOC) ingalawula igalelo eliyingozi. Ngokwesibonelo, uma izinga lokunyuselwa kwezisebenzi ezingaphezulu kuka-50 lingaphansi kuka-80% wezinga lezisebenzi ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-40, inhlangano ingaba nomphumela ohlukile. Nokho, lomthetho uyithuluzi lokuhlola, hhayi isilinganiso esiphelele; ukuhlola kwezibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kuyadingeka njalo.

Ukulingisa I - elvet

Ukuhlolwa kokubuyela emuva okuningi kuvumela abaqashi ukuba bahlukanise imiphumela yobudala emiphumeleni kuyilapho belawula ezinye izici ezifanele njengolwazi, imfundo, ukusebenza, nendima yomsebenzi. Uma ubudala bulokhu buyisiqinisekiso esiphawulekayo ngemva kokulawula lezi zimo eziguquguqukayo, kungase kubonise ubandlululo. Ngokwesibonelo, umklami obikezela iholo elibuyayo angabonisa ukuhluleka okungathandeki kokuthola iholo elingaphezu kuka-50, esikisela ukuthi izisebenzi esezikhulile zihola imali engaphansi kweyontanga enezingalo nemisebenzi efanayo.

Ukufunda Imishini (Ihlathi Elivamile, Ukukhula Okuqhubekayo)

Ama-algorith aqhubekele phambili omshini angathola ubudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi, obungalingani nobubanzi obungaphuthelwa kalula. Kungasetshenziswa futhi ukwakha “izilinganiso” ezibonisa izimpawu ezinamandla kakhulu zemiphumela engalungile. Nokho, abaqashi kumelwe baqaphele ukugwema amasampuli alingisa ubandlululo olukhona − isici esaziwa njenge-algorictics. Ubuchwepheshe njengomshini wokufunda ngokutshekela kungasiza ekunciphiseni lengozi.

Ukuhlelwa Kolimi Olungokwemvelo (NLP)

I-NLP amathuluzi angahlaziya umbhalo ngokuhlola indlela yokwenza umsebenzi, izimpawu zengxoxo, kanye nomphathi we-parence yolimi oluhlobene nobudala. Amagama afana “omncane,”“ omusha,” noma “ongafinyeleli” nothi “ongalingani kahle” angalinganiswa futhi ahlotshaniswe ngemiphumela. Ukuhlola kungathola ukuthi izisebenzi ezindala zithola amazwi aphambene noma asekela kakhulu.

Ukubona Nokushaya Indiva

Amathuluzi afana ne-Tableau, Power BI, noma i-Awaker avumela amaqembu e-HR ukuba adale amabhodi ahlanganisanayo alandelela ama-milling ahlobene nobudala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukubona izimo zengqondo − njengegebe elikhulayo emagatsheni okunyusela phakathi kwamaqembu obudala − kwenza kube lula ukudlulisela ukuqonda ebuholini futhi kuqalise isenzo sokulungisa.

Izinselele Nokucabangela Okufanele

Nakuba imininingwane inikeza amandla amakhulu, ukusebenza kwayo ekuboneni ukuthi umuntu usekhulile kunezingqinamba. Abaqashi kumelwe basebenzise izihibe ezingokomthetho, ezingokokuziphatha, nezizobuchwepheshe ngokucophelela.

Ukufihla Imininingwane Yakho Nokungakutholi

Ukuqoqa ukwaziswa kobudala kuphakamisa ukukhathazeka kobuso besikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma kuhlanganiswa nezinye izikhombi. Ngaphansi kwezimiso ezinjenge GDPR ne CCPA, izisebenzi zinamalungelo phezu kokwaziswa kwazo. Umkhuba ongcono kakhulu uwukuyi-aggregate digitage ememond (umz., 20/29, 30939, 40249, 50-59,60,60 (60) ukuvimbela ukuhlaziywa kabusha. Ukwaziswa okungagunyaziwe kufanele kusetshenziswe ekuhlolweni kokuthambekela, futhi ukufinyelela kulinganiselwe ezisebenzini ezigunyaziwe iHRRAlytics.

Isampula Lobukhulu Namandla Okubala

Izisebenzi ezisezinhlanganweni ezincane zingathola iziphetho ezinokwethenjelwa. Iqophelo lokubuyela emuva elinezisebenzi ezindala eziyishumi kuphela lingaveza imiphumela ekhohlisayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukuhlanganisa ukwaziswa eminyakeni eminingi noma ukuhlanganisa amabhentshi emboni kungathuthukisa ukusebenza.

Izinguquko Eziyisisekelo

Ukuqamba akukona ukuphoqelela. Ukuthola ukuthi izisebenzi esezikhulile zihola imali encane kungase kuhoxiswe yizici ezifanele njengokuma kwengxenye yesikhathi, indima ehlukene yomsebenzi, noma iminyaka kuze kube umhlala-phansi. Izinga lokuhlaziya lixhomeke ekutheni ukunenzuzo ekhona. Ukungatholakali kokwaziswa okuphathelene nomsebenzi ophukile, izinga lemfundo, noma ukuyinkimbinkimbi emsebenzini kungaba nemiphumela. Abaqashi kufanele baqonde ngokulinganiselwa kwemifanekiso yabo futhi bagweme ukufinyelela iziphetho eziqinisekile emninimeni engaphelele.

Imithetho Yomthetho Nobulungisa

Uma imininingwane engokomlando ibonisa ukucwasana kwangesikhathi esidlule, imishini eqeqeshelwe ukukhomba ingaqhubekisela phambili lolo bandlululo. Ngokwesibonelo, isifanekiso esibikezela “ikhono elikhulu” ngokubheka ukukhushulwa kwezisebenzi ezindala esikhathini esidlule ngenxa yokuthi zazingakhushulelwa kakhulu ngokomlando. Ama-technique afana nokungalingani kwemingcele, ukugcinwa kwemiphumela ehlukene, futhi ukuqondisa komuntu kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe amathuluzi okusebenza ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinkinga ezihloselwe zona.

Ingozi Engokomthetho Nokubona Ingaphandle

Ezinye izinhlangano ziyanqikaza ukuhlaziya ukucwasana ngenxa yokuthola ubufakazi bobandlululo kungabangela ukukhokhwa ngokomthetho. Nokho, ukuphenywa kwezincwadi ngokuvamile kubhekwa kahle izinkantolo nabaphathi, njengoba kubonisa ukholo oluhle. Izinkampani kufanele zithintane neseluleko esingokomthetho lapho zihlela izinhlelo futhi zicabangela ukusebenzisa ilungelo elifanele lommeli lokuthola ukwaziswa okudinga ukuthatheka. Ukuveza kahle ukuthi imininingwane iqoqwa kanjani nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ukwakha ukwethemba izisebenzi futhi kunciphisa nokumelana nazo.

Ushintsho Lokwaziswa Olusekelwe Ku - Insights

Ukuthola ukuthambekela kobudala kubaluleke kakhulu uma kuholela esinyatheloni esinenjongo.

Zichaze Ngokuhloniphekile Izincazelo Nokubaluleka Komsebenzi

Uma umniningwane ubonisa ukuthi abantu abadala bacwengisiswa ngokungalinganisi amagama athile abalulekile noma izimfuneko (umz., “abathweswa iziqu,”“ abavela khona,” “abangalingani neminyaka emihlanu”), guqula lezozincazelo. Susa amasu azimele mayelana neminyaka bese ugxila emakhonweni adingekayo ukuze uphumelele. UJobe ufaka izigxilo ezigcizelela “ukungathandi,” noma “imibono emisha,” noma“ amasiko amadala” angavimbela ngokunganaki.

Yenza Izingxoxo Ezivamile

Izingxoxo ezingaqeqeshiwe zithambekele ekukhetheni ubudala. Imininingwane ingabona ukuthi yiziphi izinombolo ezihlolwayo ngokungafani ngeminyaka futhi ikhiphe izinqumo zabo ukuze zibukezwe. Ukugcwalisa izingxoxo ezihlelwe kahle, nezimiso zomsebenzi kunciphisa ithonya lezibalo ezivamile. Abaphathi abaqeqeshayo ababhekene nokungalingani futhi basebenzise izibukezo ezicashile (lapho izimpawu zeminyaka zisuswa) kungandisa izinga lokudlala.

Ukuphathwa Kwemisebenzi Okusha Okungasetshenziswa

Uma ukubukeza umsebenzi kwembula ukuhlukahluka kobudala obuhlobene, cabangela ukwamukela inqubo yokuhlukanisa lapho abaphathi bevuna khona izilinganiso ze-libregist ekomitini. Ukusebenzisa ama-metric asemthethweni (izinombolo, amazinga okuqeda umsebenzi, ukufezeka kwezinhlelo zabathengi) ngokwesilinganiso sokwaziswa kunganciphisa ubandlululo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa namathuba okuthuthuka kufinyeleleka ngokulinganayo ezisebenzini zabo bonke ubudala, nokuthi ukufundisa izinhlelo kuhlanganisa izisebenzi ezisezincane nezikhulile ukuze zizwane.

Ukuhlaselwa Nokuthuthwa

Imininingwane ingaveza ukuthi leli shende linemibono ephambene ngabasebasha abacela ukukhokhelwa ngenxa yokuthi lapho imisebenzi ifakwa khona (Ihambisana, amabhodi omsebenzi aseyunivesithi) noma indlela okubhalwe ngayo. Ukudayiswa kwemisebenzi ukuze kuhlanganiswe izinhlangano ezigxile ezizisebenzini ezinolwazi, njengebhodi lemisebenzi ye-AARP noma izinhlangano zezemboni. Hlolani izinto zokukhangisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ziveza ukwahlukahluka kobuda futhi zigwema imifanekiso eveza kuphela intsha.

Ukulandisa Nokuholayo

Kuhlanganise ukuhlukahluka kweminyaka yezibalo ekubukezeni ukuhola kuthumela uphawu olucacile lokuthi inkampani inezindinganiso zokufakwa. Uma i-alytics ibonisa igebe elingapheli, kubeke abaphathi ukuba balandise amaqembu ahlukene phakathi kweminyaka. Amabhonasi noma izinketho zokuthuthukisa ukuhlukana okunciphileyo, njengoba nje izinkampani zikwenza ngezindlela zobulili nezinhlanga.

Izinzuzo Zesu Eliyi - DEI

Abaqashi abafaka imali ekwazini ukuze bathole futhi babhekane nobandlululo lweminyaka bazuza kakhulu ngaphezu kokuvunyelwa umthetho:

  • Ingozi engokomthetho enqanyuliwe:[ Ukuthola nokulungisa igalelo elihlukanisayo kungavimbela amacala e-EOC kanye nokumangalela okubizayo, kugcine izigidi ezindaweni zokuhlala nasenkokhelweni engokomthetho.
  • [ iqula elinamathalenta:[ Ngokususa izithiyo ezisekelwe obudala, izinkampani zikhanga futhi zigcine uhlu olubanzi lwezisebenzi ezinekhono, kuhlanganise nochwepheshe abanolwazi olunzulu nezimiso.
  • Izisebenzi ezikhokhiwe zikhohliswa ukukhokha kanye nokuthembisa: izisebenzi ezisebuntwaneni bazizwa zaziswa uma zibona izinqubo ezilungile zisekelwa ukwaziswa. Ukuqondwa kobulungisa kukhuthaza ukwethembeka, umkhiqizo, nomzamo ocatshangelwe kahle.
  • Ukusungulwa kwenqubo yenyanga kanye nokuxazulula inkinga: amaqembu ahlukene enkathi aletha okuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukene kanye nombono, kuholela emakhambini ekhono nasemathubeni angcono. Ukucwaninga kubonisa ukuthi amaqembu ahlanganisa iminyaka yobudala adlula amaqembu asebenza ngokulinganayo ngemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi.
  • Ukuvumelana okungcono nenani labantu: Njengoba iminyaka yenani labantu nokuswelakala kwemisebenzi kuya kuba kubi, izinhlangano eziphatha izisebenzi esezikhulile ziyoba nenzuzo encintisanayo ezimaketheni zezisebenzi.
  • idumela lohlobo lohlobo lwePositive:[ libonakala gca, ukuzimisela kokwaziswa-ukufakwa kobudala kwakha ukwethemba amakhasimende, abanikazi, nomphakathi obanzi, ukwandisa izimali zenkampani.
  • Ushintsho olukhulu kakhulu kubuchwepheshe beHR: Ukuphayona kwenkathi yobuphayona kumisa ubandlululo lwe-analytics njengenhlangano ye-HR data, iheha ithalenta eliphezulu futhi ithuthukisa impucuko eqhubekayo.

Isiphetho

Ubandlululo lweminyaka luyithonya elingabonakali kodwa elibhubhisayo ezindaweni eziningi. Imishini yemininingwane inikeza i-lensi enamandla, enenjongo yokubona ukuthambekela okungazenzisi. Ngokuqoqa nokuhlaziya ukuqashwa, imbuyiselo, ukukhushulelwa, ukusebenza, nokuphuma kokwaziswa, abaqashi bangakhomba ukuthi ukukhula kobudala kusebenzaphi futhi bathathe isinyathelo sokulungisa. Lenqubo idinga ukunakekela okucophelelayo ekufihleni imfihlo, ukuqina kwezibalo, nokucabangela okungokokuziphatha okungabonwayo okungakhokhwazwa, kodwa imivuzo encishisiwe engokomthetho, izisebenzi ezibophene kakhulu, nempucuko yeqiniso ye-e - medial", ikhona enkathini engcono, ewuhlobo, ewumthetho, ewumthetho, ewumthetho, ewuhluzenayo, futhi engenisa imicimbi yeze, ukucwasana kweminyaka elishumi. I-data yenze inzuzo, iveza inzuzo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhulu, isikhulu.