Inselele Ekhulayo Yokuguga Kwenani Labantu

Ngo-2040, cishe umuntu oyedwa kwabane eUnited Kingdom uzoba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-65 ubudala, ngokwe-Office for National Statistics. Lokhu kushintshwa kwenani labantu akusona nje isibalo; kumelela ushintsho olukhulu esenzekeni sokuphila kwasedolobheni. Nakuba i-UK isilokhu ilwa nomphakathi wasebekhulile, ukunqwabelana kwabantu abadala emadolobheni anjengeLondon, Manchester, Birmingham, neBristol kuqinisa ukuphuthuma. Izindawo zase-Urbanton kakade sezilwa nokuziphilisa, imfuyo, imfuno yempilo, kanye nokwehlukana kwezenhlalo. Ukucindezela okuvela ku-ak abaphathi bedolobha asebe abadala baphoqelele ukuba baphinde bacabange, izinkonzo, izinkonzo, nomphakathi ovela ezindaweni eziphezulu.

Imiphumela yezomnotho ibaluleke ngokufanayo. Inani labantu asebekhulile lifuna okukhulu kakhulu ezimisweni zokunakekela impilo nezenhlalo, esezingaphansi kwezinkinga. Kodwa futhi liletha iminikelo engathi sína: abantu abaningi asebekhulile abazinikelayo, abanakekela abazukulu, futhi abaqhubeke besebenza ngeminyaka yempesheni kahulumeni edlule. Amameya kumelwe alinganisele izidingo zalokhu kuzala kwenani lamanani nezidingo zezakhamuzi ezisencane, ezisebenzayo, ezakha izimiso ezilungile kuzo zonke izizukulwane.

Ama - starategie Eqiniswa I - UK Mayor

Ukufundiswa Kweminyaka Yokukhula

Izakhiwo zenkathi yesakhiwo zidlula izisekelo ze-offray nezinqola zezandla. Ama-meya anqamula i-UK ahlanganisa izimiso zomklamo womhlaba wonke ezithuthweni zomphakathi, ezithuthi, nemisebenzi yezindlu. ELondon, i-Transport of London isungule amabhasi aphansi, ukufinyelela okukhululekile kweziteshi ze- tubey ezingaphezulu kwama-80% (enamasu ahlele ukufinyelela ku-100%), kanye "Izintwengisele zasebekhulile ezixhumanisa abagibeli eziteshini. I-Manchester ifake ukunqamula okuya ngasemuva ngezikhathi ezinde kakhulu nokunqamula nge-injini.

Indlu ingenye indawo ebucayi. Ngokwesibonelo, iManchester Age-Friendly Home Strategy, ifuna ukuba zonke izenzakalo ezintsha hlanganise amaphesenti amakhaya aklanyelwe "abasebenzisi bezinto eziphansi"/_incane, izilinganiso ezisesilinganisweni esisodwa eduze nama-interlinear nezindawo zokuthutha. Ama-mayar aphinde afake amakhaya akhona kanye nemali yokukhuphula isibhedlela, amagumbi okulala, ezomthofu, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile obungahlola izakhamuzi ukuba zisebenzise imithi. I-Centre ye-Aguteting Greating Before greeve ibhale indlela ezo manani ezinciphisa ngayo ukungeniswa kwesibhedlela nokukhutshwa kwesibhedlela futhi zibambe isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezindawo zokuhlala.

Intuthuko futhi ivelele. ILiverpool idale "amapaki e-odoct" anezihlalo ezinomthunzi, izindlu zangasese zomphakathi, nemithombo yamanzi, eklanyelwe ukukhuthaza abantu asebekhulile ukuba bachithe isikhathi ngaphandle. Izinhlelo zeBristol "Iziteshi zaso sonke" zihlela indawo ebanzi, imigwaqwe, imigwaqo eshelelezi, isuse imfucumfucu yasemgwaneni, nokufakwa kwamabhentshi njalo. Lezinguquko azizuzisi abantu abadala kuphela kodwa futhi zizuzisa nabazali abanemijikelezo, nabantu abakhubazekile, nabo bonke abahamba ngezinyawo noma imijikelezo.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukunakekelwa Kwempilo Nezinkonzo Zomphakathi

Ama - may angenza ukunakekelwa kwempilo kuthonyelwe ngokubambisana nokubambisana ne-NHS okuhlangene nethemba, iziphathimandla zendawo, nezinhlangano zokuzithandela. I-Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Parneship, isimiso sempilo esihlukene ngaphansi kobubonisi bukaMayor, siye sasungula isibonelo esihlanganisa ukunakekela okuyinhloko, ukunakekela komphakathi, nokuphathiswa kusengaphambili. Ukuxhumanisa iziguli nezinkonzo ezingabalulekile njengamaqembu ensimu, amaqembu ezokudla, noma amakwaya kuboniswe ukunciphisa isizungu nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yempilo yengqondo yabantu abadala.

Ukunakekela kwasekhaya kuhlelwa kabusha ukuze kugxile "kuvuselelwa" isikhathi esifushane, ukusekela okujulile okusiza abantu ukuba baphinde bazitholele inkululeko ngemva kokugula noma ukuhlinzwa, kunokuba banikeze ukuthembela isikhathi eside. EBirmingham, "Hlala Usebenza, Bala Indipendent" uhlelo lunikeza amakilasi okuvimbela, ukuhlola ukuphepha kwasekhaya, kanye nezimiso zontanga, okuphumela ekuncipheni kwesilinganiso samashumi amabili nanhlayo kwabangena esibhedlela phakathi kwalabo abahlanganyela.

Isizungu siwumqedazwe othule phakathi kwezakhamuzi zasemadolobheni akudala. Ama-mayester axhasa izikhungo zomphakathi ezisebenza njengezindawo zomphakathi, ngokuvamile ezihlangene nemitapo yezincwadi noma izikhungo zokuzilibazisa. "Izimo zokuxhumana" uhlelo, ingxenye yeSici sobulolo, i-Mayor Strategy, izisebenzi zokuzithandela ukwenza izingcingo zamasonto onke noma ukuhambela ekhaya kubantu abadala abahlukene, kanye nentuthuko engcono ekwabikweni okuhle. Ngokufanayo, ama-Newcastle "Ageing Well" ahlela imidanso evamile yeti, amaqembu ezincwadi, kanye namaqembu ahamba ngokukhethekile kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-70.

Ukukhuthaza Izinyathelo Zokuhlangana Nesizukulwane

Ukuqeda imingcele phakathi kwabantu abagugile kuyithuluzi elinamandla lokuhlanganisa umphakathi. Amadolobha ama-UK amaningana aye asungula izimiso zokuhlangana ezihlanganisa izizukulwane ezihlanganisa inzuzo. ELeeds, "Inhlangano R" iprojekthi ehlukene nabentsha abasemasha abasengozini yokuzihlukanisa nezenhlalo, lapho abathathe umhlalaphansi befundisa ukuqopha, ukupheka, noma ukutshala ingadi ukuze bathole usizo kwezobuchwepheshe. Lokhu kunciphisa izinkolelo zobudala futhi kunikeza indima ewusizo kubantu abadala.

Icebo le "Adved Lives" lihlangane nabantu abadala abadinga ukusekelwa imikhaya emisha enegumbi elingenalutho, ihlela indlela yokuhlala enciphisa isizungu sabo bobabili abasha futhi inikeza isizukulwane esisencane izindlu ezibizayo. Icebo libiza imali uma liqhathaniswa nokunakekela izikhundla futhi liphumela ekutholeni isilinganiso esiphakeme sokwaneliseka.

ELondon, "Isikhathi neMatalenta" imisa izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezindala ezikoleni njengabasizi abafundayo noma abaluleki bomlando, nentsha esemakhaya okunakekela njengabasizi bemisebenzi. Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthuthuka kwezingane ekufundeni nasekuthembeni, kuyilapho abathatha inxaxheba abadala bebika ukuthi zinomuzwa owengeziwe wenjongo nezimpawu zokucindezeleka.

Ubuchwepheshe Obuntengantenga Namakhambi Asemadolobheni Ahlakaniphile

Amameya amaningi asebenzisa izinqubo zobuchwepheshe ukuze asekele ukuphila okuzimele. Kusukela ezilulekweni zocingo ezilula kuya ezinzweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ubuchwepheshe bungasiza abantu abadala ukuba bahlale bephephile futhi bexhumene. KuMilton Keynes, uhlelo lwe "MKSCT" lusebenzisa ukwaziswa okuvela kumathuluzi ahluzekile nasemizini ehlala kuyo ukuqaphelisa uma izinguquko zesimiso somhlala khona . "uphawu lokugula noma lokulahlekelwa yingozi. Loluhlelo luye lwaphumelela kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sokulahlekelwa yingqondo, lubavumela ukuba bahlale ekhaya isikhathi eside.

Ukufakwa kwemishini kuyinto ephambili. Abaxhasi be-maya base-London nase-Manchester baye basekela ukuqeqeshelwa amakhono emishini kubantu abadala, ngokuvamile abathunyelwa ezikhungweni zomphakathi ezinendawo eyodwa eyodwa yomphakathi. I-Free Wi-Fi ezindaweni zomphakathi kanye nezibhebhe ezibhalwe phansi zezisebenzi eziphezulu eziphezulu ezithola imali ephansi zisiza ekuhlukaniseni i-menu. Nokho, ukuvikelwa kwemininingwane ye-ocryc nokwaziswa kusalokhu kukhathazekile, futhi omeya-meya kumelwe baqinisekise ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile bamadolobha busetshenziswa ngokwezimiso zokukhanya kanye nokukhetha okungacunu.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo Zokuziphatha Okuphumelelayo Kwasemadolobheni

IManchester: Idolobha ElineNkathi Yokukhula Elinobungane

IManchester ibizwe ngokuthi i - World Health Organization (WHO) Idolobha Lembulunga Yonke Leminyaka kusukela ngo-2013. Icebo ledolobha lihlanganisa izindawo eziyisikhombisa: izindawo zangaphandle, ezokuhamba, izindlu, ukuhlanganyela komphakathi, inhlonipho nokuhlangana, ukuhlanganyela komphakathi, nezinkonzo zezempilo. Impumelelo enkulu yisimiso sobuzwe se-Neighbourth, esisungule ama-orm endaweni lapho izakhamuzi ezindala zithonya khona ngokuqondile ekuchitheni amapaki, izikhumulo zebhasi, nezimboni zezempilo ezindaweni zazo.

Indlela kaManchester yobudala iveze imiphumela engenakulungiseka: ukuvalelwa kwabantu abaphuthumayo esibhedlela abangaphezu kuka-65 kwehla ngo-18% phakathi kuka-2015 no-2019, nenani lezakhamuzi ezindala ezibika impilo enhle noma engcono kakhulu lakhula phakathi nenkathi efanayo. Leli dolobha lasungula futhi "Ibhizinisi Lezentengiselwano", likhuthaza izitolo nezinkonzo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso ezinjengezinhlu zemali ezinkulu, izingeniso ezifinyelelekayo, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwezisebenzi ekuqapheleni ukuphamba ukuphamba.

IBristol: Isimiso Esinengosi Esisondela Ekugugeni

I-Bristol yaqala icebo layo ngo-2016 "Ageing Well Bristol", igxila ezinsikeni ezintathu: ukuzimela, ukuxhumeka, nethonya. Idolobha laxhasa uhlelo lwe-'Wease Consicience Constritive" olusekelwe ekuhlinzweni kwe GP, olusebenza neziguli esezikhulile ukuze zenze amalungiselelo okuzisebenzela nokusebenza kwazo. Lokhu kuye kwanciphisa ukuhambela okuphindaphindwayo kwe-GP kweziguli ezingaphezu kuka-65 ngo-2% emikhubeni yokuhlanganyela.

I-Bristol futhi iqale amasu "Gurrend Lives" asungulela abantu abadala abakhubazekile ekufundeni noma abaphazamisekile ingqondo, abakwaziyo ukuhlala emakhaya emikhayani kunokuba bahlaliswe abantu abahlala khona. I-"Golden Age" yaleli dolobha inikeza uhambo lwamabhasi olukhululekile futhi ingena ngokulahliwe ezikhungweni zokuzilibazisa ze-mikhandlu zezakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-60, ukukhuthaza ukunyakaza nokuhlanganyela komphakathi. Intuthuko ephawulekayo yi-"Bristol Dementaction Alliance," eqeqesha amabhizinisi amancane, amabhange, namabhuloni ezinwele ukuze asize abathengi ngokulahlekelwa inkumbulo kangcono.

ILiverpool: Ukubhekana Nempilo Elinganayo

ILiverpool inezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lesifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela phakathi kwabantu abadala e-UK, kanye nobumpofu obukhulu. Idolobha "Izinga-langa eliphambili" lihlela ukuhlasela ukungafani kwezempilo ngokungenela okusekelwe emphakathini. "Izinqubo zokuzivivinya ezingaphezulu kwama-50" zinikeza amakilasi okuzivivinya okukhululekile noma okuphansi ezikhungweni zomphakathi, amapaki, ngisho namahholo e-bingo, ukunciphisa imingcele enjengezindleko, ezokuthutha, nezindawo zokuvivinya umzimba ezesabekayo.

Liverpool wafaka futhi kakhulu umklamo wobungane obudidayo phakathi kwendawo yomphakathi, kuhlanganise nokusayinwa okucacile, i-octrameters ehlukene nombala, kanye nezindawo ezithulile emitatsheni yezincwadi nasemnyuziyamu. Umphumela uye waba ukwehla kwekhulu elinamashumi amabili% kwamathuba okungena esibhedlela esigwenywe iziguli ezindala eminyakeni emine edlule. I-"Ageing Better" i-angline, ingxenye yesimiso sezwe i-Big Lottery Fund, isekela imisebenzi engaphezu kwengu-30 yotshani kusukela ekusekeleni ontanga kuya ekwayayayweni.

Izinselele Nezithiyo Ababhekana Nazo

Naphezu kwale mpumelelo, amameya abhekana nezithiyo ezinkulu. Imali iwumnqakiswa oyinhloko. Imikhandlu yaseNgilandi naseWales iye yabona ukulinganiselwa kwemali yawo eyisisekelo kulinganiselwa ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwa 25 kusukela ngo-2010 ngokwezimo ezingokoqobo, kuyilapho isidingo sokunakekelwa kwabantu abadala siye senyuka kakhulu. Izindlela eziningi zobungane zincike ezivumelwaneni zesikhashana noma ezixhaswa abashayeli bezindiza, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlela isikhathi eside. Izikhulu zezemali ezisekela ukuxhasa ukuxhaswa kwemali emalini ephakathi, kuhlanganise nenkongongongoze "yobuhlobo obunikezelwe".

Enye inselele ukuhlanganisa izinhlangano eziningi nemingcele yendawo. Izidingo zabantu abadala aziyihloniphi imingcele yokuphatha: isakhamuzi singahlala kwelinye igodi kodwa sihambele edolobheni ukuze sinakekele impilo, sithenge, noma sivakashele imikhaya. Amagundane asezindaweni zegunya ezihlangene, njenge-Greater Manchester ne-West Midlands, angathatha iqhaza lawo elibalulekile ekuqhubeni phambili ukuhlangana kwenkonzo enqamulenayo, kodwa ukumelana nemikhandlu yendawo ye-NHS kusenento ejwayelekile.

I-societalism iyisithiyo esicashile kodwa esiphikelelayo. Izinqubo eziningi nezinkonzo zisaklanywe zinomsebenzisi osemusha okwaziyo, okwaziyo ukuzenzela. Ukushintsha lengqondo kudinga imfundo yomphakathi eqhubekayo nobuholi phezulu. Abaqhakazisi abasekela umklamo wobungane bathumela uphawu olunamandla, kodwa ushintsho lwesimiso luthatha iminyaka.

Ekugcineni, inkinga yezindlu ithinta abantu asebekhulile kakhulu. Imikhaya esemisha ivame ukuncintisana ngamakhaya antulayo anezidleke, kuyilapho amadala "amasaka angenalutho" engase agcinwe emakhaya amakhulu kakhulu noma angakufanelekeli izidingo zawo. Kusweleka kwezindlu zokuhlala ezibizayo, ezifinyelelekayo zomhlalaphansi. Ama - Mayer afuna izindlu ezingcono kodwa abhekene nokuphikisa kwe-NIMBY kanye nezindleko zokwakha ezikhuphukayo. Ezindaweni eziphambili zezindawo zezindawo zezindawo zokuhlala abantu abadala, lapho izakhamuzi zihlala khona kanye nokuphila komphakathi, kuhlala kungavamile e-UK.

Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo Nokuhlanganisa Izinto Eziza Kuqala

Ukubheka phambili, izenzakalo eziningana ziyohlela indlela imeya esingatha ngayo abantu abagugile. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kungenye: ukushisa okukhulu nezikhukhula kulimaza abantu abadala ngokungenakulinganiswa. Amadolobha anjengeLondon aqala ukusabela ngamalungiselelo athile okuhambela ekhaya, izindawo zokupholisa, kanye nokulungisa ithunzi. Imisebenzi yokukhanyisa iziqhingi enciphisa ukushisa futhi yenza izindawo ezimnandi kubantu abadala abahlala edolobheni ukuba bazijabulele.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwempilo nokunakekelwa kwezenhlalo kuzokhula. i-Health and Care Act 2022 eNgilandi imisa izimiso zokunakekela ezihlangene (ICS) ezihlanganisa i-NHS kanye nabaholi bakahulumeni bendawo. Abahlali bebhodi le-ICS bangacindezela imali yempilo esekelwe emphakathini evimbela ukucinana nokusekela umphakathi kubantu abadala, kunokuba banakekele isibhedlela esibizayo.

Ukusungulwa kwemishini kuzakushesha, kodwa kumele kuhambisane nabasizi abasebenza nge-ecty. Abaqaphi bezwi, ukuhlola impilo ekude, kanye namapulatifomu omphakathi anikeza amathuba amakhulu, kodwa ama-Maya kumelwe aqinisekise ukuthi akekho osele. Abanye, njengoMayor wase West Yorkshire, baye basungula "imisebenzi ehlangeneyo efakwayo" ikakhulukazi ezakhamuzini ezindala, ukusakaza imishini nokunikeza ukusekela okuqhubekayo.

Ukuhlangana kwezizwe kuzakuhlala kuqinile kwezombangazwe. Njengoba abasebasha babhekene nezindawo ezingenazinzuzo namathuba amancane omsebenzi, abanye bayayizonda imali echithwa umphakathi ezizukulwaneni zakudala. Ama - Mayer kumelwe ahlele izimiso zobungane njengawusizo kubo bonke: imigwaqo efinyelelekayo isiza abazali abanezinhlangothi eziqinile nabantu abakhubazekile; ukutshala izimali zokunakekela abantu kudala kudala imisebenzi; izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa izinhlangano zakha imiphakathi eqinile. INgxoxoxo yeNkosi iphikisa ukuthi amadolobha anokuhlala ndawonye angcono nje kuwo wonke umuntu.

Isiphetho

Imeya ye-UK ibonisa ukuthi ukuhola edolobheni kungathuthukisa ukuphila kwezakhamuzi esezikhulile ngokuphumelelayo. Kusukela ezindaweni zomphakathi zaseManchester kuya ezinhlanganweni zezenhlalo ezigunyaza iBristol, kusukela ezinhlanganweni zempilo zaseLiverpool kuya ezimisweni ze-mini ebanzi ze-Liverpool, lezi zinyathelo zibonisa ukuthi kungenzeka uma izombangazwe zihlangana nezinhlangano zomphakathi. Izinselele zokuhlukanisa imali, ukuswelakala kwezindlu, kanye nokuthatha izintambo ezijulile zeminyaka engaphambili, zingokoqobo, kodwa azinakwehluleka.

Impumelelo yalamacebo ekugcineni ixhomeke ekubekeni imali egciniwe, ekuxhumeni kanye nokuzimisela ukulalela abantu abadala ngokwabo. Ababheki ukuguga babheka njengomthwalo kunoma yiliphi ithuba, futhi bahlobanisa ukukhula kwabo nabo bonke abantu abahlala emadolobheni baklanywe ukuba babe yizici zombuso wamadolobha ezisebenza kuzo zonke izizukulwane. Uhlanga olufuna ukuba idolobha elinobuhlobo kakhulu eUK lilungele ukuwina wonke umuntu obiza lezi zindawo zasedolobheni ngokuthi ikhaya.[[[FLT:] [FLT] [FLD:] [FLD:] ukuze uqhubeke ufunda, bona i-WHOLD [F:] .[FLD] .[FLD] .[FF]