Umsuka Neminyaka Yangemva Kwempi (1945 - 1195)

I-Japanese Social Democratic Party (JSDP) ilandelela umsuka wayo emuva kumphumela osheshayo weMpi Yezwe II. Yamiswa ngoNovemba 1945 ngaphansi kwegama elithi i-Japani Socialist Party , yahlanganisa izinhlangano ezihlukahlukene zangaphambi kwempi nezinhlangano zezisebenzi ezazivinjelwe ngaphansi kombuso wempi. Isigaba sokusungula sabiza idemokhrasi, iJapane enokuthula ngokugcizelela okukhulu amalungelo enhlalakahleni, izinhlelo zezenhlalakahle yezenhlalo, kanye nokuqedwa kwesimiso sombuso wezwe. [1] Inguquko ye-Occuption yaqala ukuma.

Kukhetho luka-1946 oluvamile .ekukhetheni kokuqala ngemva kwempi (ukhetho lokuqala) i-JSP yawina izihlalo 93, yenza ukuba ibe yisigaba sesibili esikhudlwana ngemva kwe-Liberal Party. Leliqembu lahlanganyela okwesikhashana kuhulumeni wenhlangano ngaphansi koNdunankulu uShigera Yoshida kodwa ngokushesha lahlukana ngokungafani kwemibono. iphiko elikhanyayo , liholwa nguNdunankulu Tetsu Katayama (owakhe i-socity yeJapan yakha ikhabethe ikhabethe le-kamelo lokuqala leze ngo 1947,488]), kodwa lithande ukuguquka okusesilinganisweni futhi lisebenza phakathi kweU. [FLT.[FLD:] iphiko] elinxele [FL:] [FLD]] isigaba, ukulwa kwesizwe, nokungathathiwezwe kwesizwe, nokungathathiwezwe.

Ukuhlukana Kwesobunxele Kwesokudla Nokuphakama KweQembu LeMisa LobuSoshiya (1955-1960)

Ngemva kokuhlanganiswa kweLiberal Party neDemocratic Party ngo 1955 ukuze yakhe i-Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), i-JSP yaphendula ngokuhlanganisa amaqembu ayo angakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla abe yiqembu elilodwa. Nokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwaba buthaka. [iqembu le- [FLT]95] Isimemezelo saveza umgomo walo “wenguquko yezenhlalakahle” ngezindlela zephalameya, kodwa iphiko langakwesobunxele layifaka isisekelo se-U.S-Japania Security.

I-1960 i-Anpo] ihola imibhikisho emikhulu yasemgwaqweni ngokuvuselelwa kwesivumelwano sokuphepha sase-U.S.-Japane yaphelelwa amandla. I-conomist of the JSP, iholwa yizibalo ezifana ne-Mosaburō Suzuki ne Saburō Eda, yahola imibhikishosho emikhulu yasemgwaqweni. Iqembu lehluleka ukuvimbela ukuhlukanisa kwesivumelwano, okwaholela ekuhlukahlukani: iphiko lokudlanga ngakwesokudla laphuka ukuze lakhe i-RP [[FLD:2] Democratic Socialist Party [D [DFLT:3]], nakuba i-kwesobunxele sasala kuJSP. Lokhu kwanciphisa ngokuphelele i-JSPP.

Phakathi nawo wonke ama-1960, i-JSP oscillations eqinile kanye ne-Pragmatic traviolist. Yalondoloza ubuhlobo obuqinile nezikhali zenuzi Sōhyō[ ispiration, eyanikeza ukusekela kwenhlangano nezezimali. Iqonga leqembu lagcizelela ukuncishiswa kwempi (i-athonsi yesi-9 soMthetho-sisekelo), ukuphikisa izikhali zenuzi, nokwanda komshuwalensela wezenhlalo. Kodwa kwazama ukudonsa abavoti abasha abasha abasha ngaphaya kwesisekelo sayo, njengoba ukukhula ngokushesha kwezomnotho kwaseJapane kwasusa ukunakekela komphakathi kwezezindaba zekilasi.

Iminyaka yawo - 1970 Nenselele Entsha “Yesobunxele”

Ama 1970 aletha izinselele ezintsha. Ukuvela kwe-New Ekhohlo Izinhlangano ze-New [FLT] `izinto eziguquguqukayo, isayensi yendawo ezungezile, kanye ne-antifietnam War's (izimo ze-JSP zokubuthwa kakhulu nokubekwa indawo. Okwamanje, ukubusa kwe-LDP okude nokuchuma okuvela “esimangalini sezomnotho saQuintshiwe [1] kwenza ukuba izingcingo ze-JSP zibonakale ziphelelwe isikhathi esiqinile sokuguqula izakhiwo.

Ngo- 1972, i-JSP yagijima eqophelweni “lokuthula, ukubusa ngentando yeningi, kanye nesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni” kodwa yabhekana nesithiyo esikhulu sokukhetha, yawela ezihlalweni eziyi 118 eNdlu yabameleli. Iqembu lasabela ngokwamukela “ Ukuthula okuBalekayo” [ icebo, elisekela ukungagunyazi nokungagunyazi kweSivumelwano sokhuseleko. Nokho, phakathi kwe-linye i-liqualioism phakathi kwe- i-“Iqembu elisha lamanje” laqhubeka lithatha amandla alo.

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970, i-JSP yayimi nge-operant, iphethe cishe u-15-20% wevoti. I-LDP yandisa ukubusa kwayo, kuyilapho iQembu lobuKhomanisi laseJapane (JCP) lakhipha amavoti athile adonsa ngakwesobunxele nesibonelo senhlangano esiqeqesheke kakhudlwana. Ukungakwazi kwe-JSP ukuchaza enye indlela ecacile yokukhula kwenqubo ye-LDP yaholela ekuvuthweni isikhathi eside.

Ngawo - 1980: Ukuncipha Nokufuna Indlela Entsha

Iminyaka yango-1980 yayiyishumi leminyaka lenhlekelele ekhona ye-JSDP (leliqembu lagcina igama elithi JSP kwaze kwaba ngo-1996). Ukuwohloka kwe-LDP okungokwesiko kwanda ngaphansi kweMinisterister Yasuhiro Nakasone, okunezinguquko ze-Profethi zesizwe zaseJapan National Railways, ukuhlelwa kwe-temmaters organ , kwabekwa esisekelweni se-JSP. Ukuwohloka kweSoviet Union okwaqhubeka kugxekwa kwesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni wezwe lonke, kuyilapho i-JSP kubonakale kuvela kakhulu enqubeni ye-JCP.

Ngo-1986, i-JSP yanqotshwa kakhulu ngemva kwempi, yawina izihlalo ezingu-86 kuphela. Isimo saleliqembu esingokwesiko sokulwa nenuzi, esimelene nempi sathintana nabavoti abambalwa, futhi ukuphikisana kwayo nomthetho-sisekelo we-U.S.-Japane kwabonakala kungenangqondo emongweni weminyaka yokugcina yeMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ukuphelelwa ithemba kwaholela [kukuhlupha okungu kwe-“Isimemezelo Esisha” ngo-1988, lapho iqembu lamukela ngokomthetho iSivumelo sokhuseleko kanye neMikhosi Ye-Uzime-Dense njengomthetho-Mthethweni we-sisekelo (we-Grome).

Ukhetho lwango 1989 oluthi Upper House lwanikeza ibala lethemba: i-JSP yawina izihlalo ezingu-44, ilahla ukonakala kwe-LDP (ihlazo le-Recruit) nentela ehlongozwayo. Nokho, ukunqoba kwathatha isikhathi esifushane. isikhulumi saleliqembu sahlala sifiphele, futhi asikwazanga ukuzuza ngobuthakathaka besikhashana be-LDP.

Ngo - 1990: Ezombangazwe Ezingokwenkolo, Ukunqoba, Nokubuyiselwa Kwazo

Ukhetho luka-1993 lwaba yinkathi yenguquko enkulu. Ukuhlukana kwe-LDP, kuhlangene nentukuthelo yomphakathi ngenxa yokonakala, kwaholela ekwakhekeni kukahulumeni we-ongewona i-LDP. I-JSP yahlanganyela ekhabetheni elinezigaba eziyisikhombisa elaliholwa nguPrime Minister Morihiro Hosokawa (weQembu Elisha LaseJapane). Ithonya layo lalilinganiselwe okokuqala eminyakeni engu-38, i-LDP yayivela emandleni asemthethweni (hnjP) kodwa i-JSP yayingumngane oyedwa kuphela, futhi ithonya layo lalilinganiselwe.

Isivumelwano sawa ngo-1994 lapho i-LDP ibuyela embusweni ngengxenye ye-JSP. Lokhu kwaholela ekubeni kube nokubambisana okuyinqaba: LDP-JSP-New Partigan Sakigake umnion ngaphansi kweNgqongqoshenkulu uTomiichi Murayama, owaba undunankulu wezobupolitiki kusukela eKatama. Murayama wenza izinqumo ezingokomlando: wayenza ngokwesiko [ waze angenele eJapane empikweni yesikhathi sempi yeminyaka yeminyaka ye-ah[[FLT] [FLT] [FLT] 3] [ivoct:3] (iMipanognotel] ka 1995), waqaphela uSuperse-Fema njenge-RGenecratic. Isivumelwano esiphakathi se-U. Le sivumelwano sahlukene sihamba i-se-se-se-se-se-seya.

Ngo-1996, leliqembu laliguqula ngokomthetho igama lalo laba yi- Sacial Democratic Party (SDP), noma ngesiJapane, SAKAI MINshuTō[. I-rebranding ihloselwe ukuphawula ukuqala kabusha njengeqembu lentando yeningi, hhayi i-socialism. Kodwa igama lishintsha ukuncipha kuphela. Kukhetho lwangonyaka ka-19969, i-SDP yawina izihlalo ezingu-15 nje kuphela, futhi amalungu ayo amaningi asele kuyi-DPJ.

Ngo - 2000: Iqembu Elincane Eline - Niche Esobala

Kuwo wonke ama 2000, i-SDP (okubhekiselwa kuyo ngokuvamile njenge-JSDP ngesiNgisi) yazinza njengendima njengeqembu elincane kodwa elibalulekile. Indawo yalo yokusibhekisa kakhulu e i-pacifism[ (ukufaka ukuhlanganyela kwe-Iraq Iráq nencazelo yeSiphakamiso 9), [[FLT:] amalungelo abantu (ikakhulukazi impikiswano enjengencindibilikayo yenuzi, i-LGT, nelungelo le-ocentine), [FLT:] [[FLT]] [FLT], kanye [FLT], kanye [FFFT]

Umholi waleliqembu ovelele kakhulu kulenkathi kwakungu-Mizuho Fukushima, owahola i-JSDP kusukela ngo- 2003 kuqhubeke. Ngaphansi kwe-Fukushima, leliqembu lakha izivumelwano ne-DPJ, futhi ngo-2009, u-JSDP wahlangana nohulumeni we-DPJ ohlangeneyo ngemva kwesinqumo se-DPJ sokunqoba i-LDPP. Fukushima wamiswa njengeNgqolo yeSizwe se-Consumfont ne-Fod Satety, futhi iqembu laba nezigqebheko eziningana. Kodwa, i-JDP yamelana kakhulu nesinqumo se-DP'uP'ie-o. i-PP ku-Mornmon-P (ikhulu Lase-Pno) limiswe njengeNkathi ye-Chooka, futhi i-PS.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, i-JSDP iye yaqhubeka iphikisa, futhi inhlanhla yamavota yaqhubeka incipha. Kukhetho oluvamile lwango-2012, yawina izihlalo ezimbili kuphela eNdlu yabameleli (iziqu zamagama) ezizehlelayo. Ingxenye yaleli qembu yehhotela yehlela cishe ku-0,7% ezweni lonke.

Intuthuko Yamuva: Ngo - 2010 Kuze Kufike Manje

I-2010 yahlola ukusebenza kwe-JSDP. Ukwanda kwe-DPJ (futhi kamuva abameleli bayo njenge-Constitutional Democratic Party yaseJapan, CDPJ) kwashiya indawo encane yeqembu lezentando yeningi elizimele eliseceleni kwesobunxele senhlangano yentando yeningi. I-JSDP yazama ukuzihlukanisa ngokulwela amandla enuzi abangelwa yi-anti ebangela inhlekelele ye-Fukushima Daichichichi, ikhuthaza inguquko yemithetho-mfakstoms, futhi isekela “indeli yesimiso sokuvikela abantu bezizwe”. Nokho leliqembu lahlala liyimoto yeqembu elincane labashisekeli abazinikele kanye nezihlakani.

Ngo-2020, ngemva kochungechunge lwemibukiso ephansi, uMizuho Fukushima wawa njengomholi weqembu futhi walandelwa [u- uSeiji Mataichi, owayeyisikhulu senyunyana yezohwebo. Indlu yeqembu yabameli yabasebenzi incane ngokufanayo: ngo-2025, kodwa ukunyakaza akukunqandanga ukuncipha. Kukhetho oluvamile lwangu-2021, i-JSDP yawina isihlalo esisodwa nje kuphela (isihlalo se-Fukushima). Indlu yeqembu loMkhandlu yomphakathi yababendlu yeKhali iphethe indawo ephezulu.

Namuhla, i-JSDP ilondoloza iqembu elincane kodwa elinamandla labasekeli, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabantu abadala abathuthukayo nezakhamuzi zase-Okinawa, lapho isikhulumi salo esimelene nokwehluleka sizwakala khona. Iye yasekela futhi izindaba ezinjengokulingana kwabesilisa nokubukezwa komthetho “wokulandelana kwemithetho” ukuze ivumele ababusi besifazane. Nokho, izama ukuheha abavoti abasha, abanganaki noma abathambekele ku-populist abathwele amanani afanele afanele noma ku-CDPJ no-JCP.

Iqembu Lamanje Liyashintsha Futhi Liyazicabangela

Indawo yesikhulumi esingokomthetho samanje se - JSDP, ehlelwe muva nje ngo - 2021, igxile kulokhu:

  • I-Pacif:[ inamathela kakhulu esigqebhekweni 9, ukuphikisa ukubukezwa komthetho- sisekelo okungavumela amabutho aphelele ezempi, nenkambiso yangaphandle esekelwe ekungalawulini nakukuxhumana.
  • [ Ubulungisa obungokwesiko: obunwetshiwe inetha lokuphepha kwezenhlalo, intela eqhubekekayo, kanye nokuqiniswa kwamalungelo ezisebenzi (kuhlanganise nokusekela ukuhlanganiswa kwezisebenzi ezingezona izifunda).
  • I-'FNT': Ukushintshwa okusheshayo kokuvuselelwa kwamandla, ukuphuma kwamandla enuzi, kanye nezinyathelo eziqinile zokuthatha isinyathelo sokusebenza kwesimo sezulu.
  • [ Amalungelo abantu: Ukuqashelwa komshado oxubile, imithetho emelene nobandlululo, nokusekela amalungelo abomdabu.
  • Ubumbano: lufuna ukuvalwa nokususwa kwezakhiwo ze-U.S. eOkinawa Prefecture.

Ukusebenza Kwama - ector Nethemba Lesikhathi Esizayo

Ithebula elingezansi lifingqa i - JSDP (nendawo eyandulelayo) i - JSP (i - trow’s) lapho kukhethwa khona iHood yamuva:

[[UMTL:0] Note: Okulandelayo isifushaniso esilula.[[UMTL:1]

  • [[UMTL:0]19996: izihlalo ezingu-15 (ngaphansi kwegama SDP)
  • 2000:[ izihlalo ezingu-19
  • [[UMTL:0]2003:[ izihlalo eziyisithupha
  • [[UMTL:0]2005:[ izihlalo eziyisikhombisa
  • 2009:[ izihlalo eziyisikhombisa (i-DPJ-okedmm)
  • [[UMTL:0]2012:[ izihlalo ezimbili
  • 2014:[ izihlalo ezimbili
  • 2017:[ izihlalo ezimbili
  • [[UMTH:0] 2021:[ Isihlalo 1

Njengoba ingaphansi kwe-1% yevoti yesizwe, i-JSDP manje isiyi-gundane. Inethonya elingalingani nobukhulu bayo kuphela ngenxa yendaba yayo esendaweni ephezulu (kakhulu i-Okinawa) nendima yayo ekumelaneni ne-athomu elilwa ne-athomu ne-atting. Isigaba somphakathi sixhomeke ekuhlanganeni okuhlangene namanye amaqembu aphikisayo. Ngo-2022, i-JDP yakha isivumelwano sokubambisana esikhululekile neCDPJCP kanye nokhetho lwe-uptrust House, isiza ummeleli wayo ukuba azuze isihlalo esimeleni somgadi.

Ukuma Kwamanje Nombono Wesikhathi Esizayo

Namuhla i-JSDP iyinto encane kodwa ehlala njalo kwezombangazwe zamaJapane. Isebenza njengendawo yokukhomba impoqo nentando yeningi yezenhlalo eyabangela kuqala inkathi yangemva kwempi yangamuva. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kweqembu kubonisa indaba ebanzi yembulunga yonke sobunxele: kusukela ekuhambeleni kweqembu lembulunga yonke kuya ekukhetheni umshini owenziwe udebeseleliseke eqenjini le-advocacy. Nakuba lingasabekezi usongo olungathi sína ekulawuleni kwe-LDP, i-JSDP ihlala ingundeli elingokomfanekiso labo bobabili abavoti benqaba i-Conservative nemibono yePopulist. Ikusasa layo lisekumele ukuba liqhubeke limele i-procedism nendima yeqembu lobuphilist.

Nokho, ishumi leminyaka elizayo liyoba elinzima. Ngaphandle kokuba i-JSDP ihlanganise umbono osebenzayo owenziwe phakathi kwe CDPJ, nokuphakama kwamandla amasha njengeReiwa Shinsengumi (okuyimithetho elandelanayo) usongela ukuqeda leliqembu ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokuba i-JSDP ikwazi ukuchaza umbono owengeziwe kodwa osebenzayo ohambisana nesizukulwane esisha esihamba phambili esizungeze i-CDPJ, ukuncishiswa kwe-Okiana, noma ukulawulwa kwesimiso sokubusa sezomnotho (i-Reiwa Shinse sysengumi) kungaphela emilandweni yezezombangazwe yaseJapane. I-Dmocratic Party i-Doctic Party ehlala ikhona manje, kodwa ukusinda kwayo kuqinisekisiwe kakhulu.