Isisekelo Sokuthula: Isivumelwano Esihle NgoLwesihlanu Esihambisana Nesimo

I-Good Wesihlanu Agreement, eyasayinwa ngo-10 April 1998 (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-Belfast Agreement), imelela elinye lamadolobhana ezombangazwe abaluleke kakhulu ekupheleni kwekhulu lamashumi amathathu leminyaka obudlova bamahlelo eyaziwa ngokuthi "Izinkinga," ingxabano eyabulala ukuphila kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-3 500 futhi yashiya izibazi ezijulile zezenhlalo nezengqondo eNyakatho-North Ireland. Isivumelwano samisa uhlelo lukahulumeni ohlukene osekelwe ekusebenziseni amandla phakathi kwenyunyana nemiphakathi kwemiphakathi yesizwe, yasungula izimiso zokubambisana kwezinhlangano zenhlangano neRiphabliki ye-Ireland, kanye nezimiso eziqinile zenkululeko yabantu, ukulingana nokuqaphelana.

Ngaphezu kwesivumelwano sezombangazwe, iGood Wear Advement yayiyisivumelwano sempucuko nezenhlalo. Yavuma ukuba ngokomthetho kokubili i-British ne-Irish, iqinisekisa ilungelo lokuzinqumela kubantu base-Northern Ireland, futhi yabeka wonke amaqembu ekusebenziseni okukhethekile izindlela zentando yeningi nezinokuthula zokuxazulula ukungezwani kwezombangazwe. Lencwadi yesisekelo ayizange imane iqede ubudlova; yamisa uhlelo olusha lomphakathi lwamaZwe lwase-Northern Ireland, indlela izakhamuzi eziyozihlela ngayo, indlela ezaziyohlangana ngayo nezinye, nendlela izizukulwane ezizayo ezaziyofundiswa ngayo ngomlando wazo owodwa.

Ukufinyelela kwesivumelwano esimisweni semfundo kwakungenzeki ngengozi. Kusukela ekuklameni kwaso kwakuqala, abaqondisi baqonda ukuthi ukuthula okuhlala njalo kwakudinga okungaphezu kwezinhlangano zezombangazwe: kwadinga ushintsho endleleni intsha eqonda ngayo umphakathi wayo, umlando wayo, nemithwalo yayo yemfanelo njengezakhamuzi. Isivumelwano safuna ngokucacile ukukhuthazwa kokubekezelelana, ukuqondana, kanye nokuhlonipha izinhlobonhlobo zamasiko, izimiso ezazingathola indlela yazo eqinile ezikhonjwe ngayo ezikoleni.

Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela i - Good Wear Agreement eye yathonya ngayo imfundo yomphakathi yangemva kwesikole eNyakatho Ireland engxenyeni yesine edlule, ihlola izimiso zesimiso semfundo, izinto eziza kuqala, nezinselele eziwusizo eziye zavela njengothisha ezisebenza ukwakha umphakathi onokuthula ngaphandle kwekilasi.

Ukusuka Ekuxabaniseni Kuya Ekubhuntshiseni: Umgwaqo Omude Waya Ebuhlotsheni

Ukufakwa okungokomthetho kwe-Good Wesihlanu Agreement enhla nenyakatho ye-Ireland akwenzekanga ngehora lemfundo yomphakathi. Isivumelwano sasayinwa ngo-1998, kodwa ukubukezwa kwezimiso okwakuzovumelana ngokugcwele nezimiso zaso kwaqala phakathi neminyaka eyishumi elandelayo. UMkhandlu we-Northern Ireland weCurriculum, i-Assession and Assessment (CCEA) waqala ukubukeza kabanzi uhlelo lwezifundo ekuqaleni konyaka ka-20000, okwaholela ekusungulweni kwezifundo ezibukezelwe kabusha ngo- 2007 ezagcizelela kakhulu ubuhlali, intuthuko, nokuqondana.

Ngaphambi kwalokhu kubukezwa, izifundo ezikhona zazigxekwe kakhulu ngokuhluleka ukusingatha ukuhlukana kwamahlelo okwasekela lempi. Imfundiso yomlando ikakhulukazi yayiwumthombo wengxabano, nezikole zobuzwe nezinyunyana ngokuvamile ziveza izindaba ezihlukene kakhulu zezenzakalo ezifanayo. Izifundo ezibukeziwe zafuna ukudlula ngalé kwalezi zigaba ngokugxila hhayi ekuncintisaneni okungokomlando kodwa ezimisweni zezentando yeningi i-Good Wear Agreement eyayizisungulile. Imfundo yeCimpic yaba imoto abafundi ababengasoze bafunda ngayo ngenqubo yokuthula kodwa nangamakhono namanani adingekayo ukuze bayisekele.

Uhlelo lwezifundo lwango 2007 lwaqala "Indawo Ezungezile Nendawo Yezakhamuzi Zembulunga Yonke" njengengxenye engokomthetho yabo bonke abafundi abaneminyaka engu-11 kuya kwengu-16. Lendaba yadwetshwa ngokucacile ngesivumelwano seNhlalo Entle yeSivumelwano seSihlanu esilungile njengesimiso sokuqonda izinhlelo zezombangazwe, amalungelo abantu, kanye nobuhlobo bomphakathi. Inkathi yayibalulekile: ngo- 2007, i-Northern Ireland yayisibone cishe iminyaka eyishumi yokuthula okulinganiselwe, futhi isizukulwane sabafundi sasingenankumbulo eqondile yeminyaka emibi kakhulu yezinkinga. Isivumelwano manje singasiphatha njengesisekelo somlilo onciphilekayo kodwa njengesisekelo sokuhleleka kwezombangazwe okuqinile.

Izingxenye Zesivumelwano Esihle SangoLwesihlanu Emfundweni Yesibili

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe - Good Wear Agreement ibe yimfundo yomphakathi kwakhiwe ngamaqembu amathathu ahlukene kodwa ahlangene abonisa isakhiwo sesivumelwano: izinhlangano zezombangazwe kanye nokuphatha amandla, amalungelo abantu nokulingana, kanye nokubuyisana kanye nokuhlanganisa.

Isigqebhezana 1: Izakhiwo Zezombangazwe Nokukhanyisa Ngamandla

Isivumelwano samisa uhulumeni oncishisiwe we-Northern Ireland onendlela eyingqayizivele yokulawula amandla edinga ukuvunyelwana kwe-pharn-communism. I-Northern Ireland Assembly isebenza ngesimiso semvume efanayo noma isibalo esiqinile, iqinisekisa ukuthi akukho qembu elihlangeneyo noma izinhlangano zesizwe ezingabusa ukumiswa kwesinqumo sezombangazwe. Lelilungiselelo lingenye yezici ezivelele kakhulu zesivumelwano nesihloko esiyinhloko semfundo yezesizwe.

Abafundi bafunda ngemicu emithathu yesimiso somthetho wesivumelwano: Strand 1 ihlanganisa izinhlangano zezombangazwe zangaphakathi ze-Northern Ireland; iStrand 2 ikhuluma ngokubambisana kweNyakatho-South i-North-Indust Council; futhi iStrand 3 isebenzelana ne-Mpuma-West nobuhlobo obuphakathi kwe-British-Irish Council kanye ne-British-Irish Intergatence. Ukuqonda lamalungiselelo adinga abafundi ukuba bancintisane ngemibuzo eyinkimbinkimbi yobukhosi, izimpawu, nentando yentando yentando yeningi. Bahlola indlela isivumelwano esibuyisa ngayo izinkanuko zenyunyana (othanda ukuba i-Northern Ireland ihlale iyingxenye ye-United Kingdom) kanye nebutho lesizwe (efuna ukuba i-Ireland ihlanganiswe) ngokusungula lezo zikhundlalo zombili.

Ukuhlobana 2: Amalungelo Abantu Nokulingana

I-Good Wearth Agreement yabeka amalungelo abantu nokulingana esikhungweni sesivumelwano esisha sezombangazwe. Saholela ekusungulweni kweKhomishane yaMalungelo Obuntu yaseNyakatho Ireland neKhomishane Yezentengiselwano yaseNyakatho Ireland, futhi saphoqelela uhulumeni ukuba afake i-European Convention on Human Rights emthethweni wesizwe. Lezi zibopho zifundiswa njengezici eziyisisekelo zemfundo yezesizwe, futhi abafundi bahlola indlela isivumelwano esaguqula ngayo indawo engokomthetho nesenhlangano ukuze kuvikelwe amalungelo abantu.

Izifundo zihlola amalungiselelo akhethekile amalungelo abantu, kuhlanganise nokuvuma kwesivumelwano ilungelo lokubamba nokuveza kokubili i-British ne-Irish, ilungelo lokuphishekela ushintsho lomthetho-sisekelo ngezindlela zokuthula nezobudemokhrasi, kanye nokuzimisela ukuphathwa ngendlela efanayo kuyo yonke imiphakathi. Abafundi bahlola izimo zangempela lapho izimiso zamalungelo abantu ziye zasetshenziswa khona eNyakatho Ireland, kusukela ekuguqukeni kwamaphoyisa kuya ekuhlalweni kwezindawo zokuhlala, futhi bacabangele indlela amalungelo abantu aqhubeka ngayo ekwakheni izimpikiswano zesimiso. Imfundiso yalo mucu igcizelela ukuthi amalungelo abantu awazona izimiso ezithathelwana kodwa amathuluzi awusizo okusingatha izingxabano zezenhlalo nezezombangazwe.

Isihe 3: Ukubuyisana Nokuhlanganyela

Isivumelwano saqaphela ukuthi izinhlangano zezombangazwe zizodwa azinakuqeda ukuhlukana okujulile kwezenhlalo okwadalwa yiminyaka engamashumi amathathu yengxabano. Kwadingeka ukuba kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuthuthukisa ukubuyisana nokuqondana phakathi kwemiphakathi, kuhlanganise nokusekela imfundo ehlangeneyo kanye nokuhlangana. Lomkhawulo wesivumelwano ubenethonya elikhulu ekulolongeni indlela yokuthuthukisa imfundo yomphakathi.

Abafundi bahlola umqondo wokutholana, beqaphela ukuthi i-Northern Ireland inamasiko ahlukahlukene akhona wonke amasiko asemthethweni. Izifundo zikhuthaza abafundi ukuba badlule ngalé kokucabanga okubili − umthathi-buswano, umProthestani kanye nobuKatolika (ne-Prothestanis), futhi baqaphele ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwe-Northern Ireland Archivemmental. Bahlola indlela isivumelwano esakhela ngayo indawo labo ababonakali njengeBrithani noma i-Ireland kuphela, kuhlanganise nenani elikhulayo labantu ababiza ngokuthi i-Northern Ireland. Lomcul.

Izindlela Zokufundisa Umlando Oqaphile

Ukufundisa nge-Good Wear Agreement kudinga ikhono elikhulu lokuthatha izenzakalo ezikhuluma ngalo akuwona umlando okude; abafundi abaningi banamalungu omkhaya athinteke ngokuqondile yizinkinga, futhi ukuhlukana kwezombangazwe isivumelwano esibhekiswe kuso sisekhona emiphakathini enqamula i-Northern Ireland. Othisha kumelwe basebenzise indawo eyinkimbinkimbi ngokomzwelo nezombangazwe, balinganisele isidingo sokunemba okuyiqiniso kanye nokuqonda okuhlukene kwemibono nokuhlangenwe nakho.

Ukwakheka kwe-Pedagogy

Othisha baye basungula izindlela zokufundisa ngokuhlukumeza imizwelo ngokufundisa ngempi kanye nenqubo yokuthula. Lezizindlela ziyaqaphela ukuthi abafundi bangase babe nokuhlangenwe nakho kobudlova bomuntu siqu noma bomkhaya okubumba ukuthembisana kwabo ngezinto. Othisha baqeqeshelwe ukwakha indawo yasekilasini lapho abafundi bezizwa bephephile ukuxoxa ngezindaba ezibucayi, ukugwema ukuguqula abafundi ngokuveza noma ngokucindezelayo, nokunikeza ukusekela okufanele kubafundi abathintekayo ngokomzwelo. Le ngxenye ye-padgogogi iqaphela ukuthi ifa lezinkinga aliyona into ecatshangelwayo kodwa likhona, nokuthi imfundo yezakhamuzi ephumelelayo kumelwe ikhulume kokubili ukuzwa nokuthinta izinga lokufunda.

Ukufunda okusekelwe ekuxoxisaneni

Imfundo ye-Civic eNyakatho Ireland igcizelela ukuxoxisana ngempikiswano. Ezindabeni, abafundi bazimisele ukunqoba izimpikiswano nokuvikela izikhundla. Ekuxoxisaneni, abafundi bazama ukuqonda imibono ehlukene futhi bathole isisekelo esifanayo. Izifundo zikhuthaza abafundi ukuba basebenzise ukulalelisisa, babuze imibuzo ecacisa imibono yabo ngaphandle kokulahla eyabanye. Lamakhono ahlobene ngokucacile nezimiso ze-Good Wear Act, edinga amaqembu anemibono ejulile nesemthethweni ukuze bathole izindlela zokuxhumana nokubambisana.

Imfundo esekelwe ekuxoxisana ibaluleke kakhulu eMhlabeni we-Ireland ngoba abafundi abaningi bafunda izikole ezikodwa emphakathini (owamaKatolika noma oweProthestani). Izifundo zikhuthaza imisebenzi enqamule i-commony nezindawo ezivumela abafundi ukuba bahlanganyele ngokuqondile nontanga abanezizinda ezihlukene. Izinhlangano ezinjengeCorrymeela Community ne Ulster’s UNESCO Centre zisungule imithombo nezinhlelo zokusekela lezi zinyathelo, zisiza abafundi ukuba bakhe ubuhlobo phakathi kwezehlukaniso.

Ukucabanga Okubucayi Nemibono Ehlukahlukene

Abafundi bahlaziya imithombo eyinhloko etholakala enqubweni yokuthula, kuhlanganise nezinkulumo zabantu abavelele abanjengoJohn Hume, uDavid Trimble, noGeorge Mitchell, behlola indlela abadlali abahlukahlukene abasungula ngayo le mpi nenqubo yokuthula ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Lendlela ebucayi idlulela e-Good Wear Agreement ngokwayo. Nakuba isivumelwano sifundiswa njengencwadi eyisisekelo ye-interern Ireland yangaleso sikhathi, abafundi bakhuthazwa ukuba bahlole ukulinganiselwa kwayo kanye nokugxekwa okuye kwabekwa kuyo. Bahlola izimpikiswano zokuthi isivumelwano siye sahluleka ukubhekana nokungalingani okuyisisekelo kwezenhlalo nokwezomnotho okwabangela lempi, noma ukuthi iye yadala isimiso sezombangazwe esingakhubazeka ngenxa yokwehlukana komphakathi. Lokhu kusizwa kusiza abafundi ukuba bahlakulele ukuqonda okunolwazi nokungaqondani kunokuba bathuthukise ukungalingani kwezeki kwezentethe nezomnotho okwabangela izingxabano, noma ukuthi siye sadala isimiso sezombangazwe esingakhubazeka ngokwehlukana komphakathi.

Izinhloko Eziyinhloko Ziyavumelana Ngale nqubo

Izindlela eziningana zokuzivumelanisa nemithetho zisebenza njalo ezifundweni zemfundo yomphakathi, ngasinye sihlobene ngokuqondile nezindinganiso nezimiso zeSivumelwano Esihle SangoLwesihlanu.

Ukuthula Nokubuyisana

Isihloko sokuthula nokubuyisana sigcwele kuzo zonke izifundo. Abafundi bahlola izimo ezenza ukuthula kube nokwenzeka, izingxoxo ezaveza isivumelwano, nomsebenzi oqhubekayo odingekayo ukuze sisekelwe. Bahlola izindima zobuholi bezombangazwe, umphakathi womphakathi, kanye nezingxoxo zezizwe ngenqubo yokuthula. Izifundo ziveza ukuthula hhayi njengesimo esikhona kodwa njengenqubo eqhubekayo edinga umzamo oqhubekayo kuwo wonke amalungu omphakathi.

Abafundi bahlola futhi ubuhlobo phakathi kokuthula nobulungisa, uma kucatshangelwa ukuthi amalungiselelo esivumelwano sokukhulula nokungashushisi amacala athile abangela ukuhweba okulungile phakathi kokuthula nokulandisa. Lezingxoxo ziphakathi kwenselele enkulu kuhlelo lwezifundo, zidinga abafundi ukuba bangene ezinkingeni eziqotho ezingokokuziphatha eziqhubeka zihlukanisa umbono eNyakatho Ireland.

Ukuhlanganyela Ezicini Zokuhlukanisa Nokuhlukahluka Kwamasiko

I-Good Wearth Agreement yaqaphela ukuthi "ukuzalwa kwabo bonke abantu base-Northern Ireland kulungile ukuzibonakalisa futhi bamukeleke njenge-Irish noma iBrithani, noma kokubili" lokhu kuqaphela kunemiphumela emikhulu yendlela imfundo yomphakathi esingatha ngayo imibuzo ephathelene ne-. Izifundo zifundisa ukuthi ukuzazi akuwona umdlalo we-zero-sum: ukuba iBrithani ayikuphikisani nobu-Irish, futhi ukuba um-Ireland akubuphikisi ubuNgilandi. Abafundi bahlola indlela isivumelwano esakha ngayo indawo ye-omthola-omsm, kusukela elungiselelweni lobuninikazi obuhlangene obuhlangeneyo kuya ekuqapheleni kokubili i-Irish kanye ne-ulster Scots.

Lesi sihloko sidlulela ngalé kwesimiso sobuhlanga esingokwesiko esihlanganisa ubunye obubodwa ukucabangela ezinye izici zobunye nokuhlukahlukahluka. Abafundi bahlola indlela i-Northern Ireland eye yahluka kakhulu ngayo ngokufuduka, nezindawo ezikhulayo ezivela ePoland, eLithuania, eChina, nakwamanye amazwe. Bacabangela indlela izimiso ze-Good Wear Aguement /ressss of thecentificide ths, ispect, intest, namalungelo abantu kulemiphakathi entsha kanye nendlela okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Northern Ireland okungasiza ngayo ukufinyelela kwayo ekutholeni izinhlanga.

Ukufunda Nokubhala Kwezombangazwe Nokuba Izakhamuzi Ezikhuthele

Abafundi bafunda ngenqubo nangemisebenzi yeSishaya - mthetho nohulumeni wezwe. Bahlola inqubo yokushaya umthetho, indima yamakomiti, nezindlela zokuxhumana nomphakathi.

Ukuba isakhamuzi kuyisihluthulelo. Abafundi bakhuthazwa ukuba bahlanganyele emikhandlwini yesikole, emisha, nasemikhankasweni yomphakathi ebanika okuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo kokwenza izinqumo zentando yeningi. Izifundo zihlobanisa le sabelo esinentshiseko ngokuqondile nombono we-demokrati yentando yeningi ye-livent ye-Frever Accounting lapho izakhamuzi zinecala lokulungisa umphakathi wazo. Abafundi bacabangela indlela ezingase zinikele ngayo ekwakheni i-interronet, ehlangeneyo, nechumayo eNyakatho Ireland ekuphileni nasemiphakathini yabo.

Amalungelo Abantu Nobulungisa Bezenhlalo

Imfundo yamalungelo abantu ihlanganiswa phakathi kwazo zonke izifundo zemfundo yomphakathi. AbaFundi bafunda i - Universal Declaration of Human Rights, i - European Convention on Human Rights, kanye namalungiselelo akhethekile amalungelo abantu eSivumelwano SangoLwesihlanu esilungile. Bahlola indlela amalungelo abantu aye asetshenziswa ngayo ezindabeni ezingokoqobo eNyakatho Ireland, kusukela kumthetho wamaphoyisa nowezigebengu kuya ekutholeni indawo yokuhlala nasemsebenzini.

Izifundo zibuye ziphendule imibuzo ebanzi yobulungisa bezenhlalo, kuhlanganise nokungalingani kwezomnotho, ukungatholi imfundo, nokukwazi ukungena ezinkonzweni zomphakathi. Abafundi bacabangela indlela isibopho se-Good Wesihlanu Isivumelwano sokulingana esidlulela ngayo ngalé kokulingana okungokomthetho ukusingatha ukulingana okungokomthetho kokwakha okukhona kulempi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola (ukuhlobana okuhlangeneyo: ] amaphepha ezimiso zobudlelwane zezimiso zomphakathi [])) indlela inqubo yomphakathi engakhuthaza ngayo ukuhlanganiswa nobandlululo nokusingatha ifa lobandlululo.

Umphumela Olinganayo: Abafundi Nenhlangano

Ukushintsha ithonya lemfundo yomphakathi kubafundi nasemphakathini, kodwa ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi lezi zifundo ziye zaba nengxenye ekushintsheni okukhulu kwezimo zengqondo nokuziphatha.

Izimo Zengqondo Zabafundi Nesivumelwano

Ukuhlola okwenziwa abacwaningi eYunivesithi yase-Queen's Belfast naseYunivesithi yase-Ulster kuye kwathola ukuthi abafundi abahlanganyela ezinhlelweni zemfundo yomphakathi bathambekele kakhulu ekuboniseni ukusekela izinhlangano zentando yeningi, bazimisele kakhulu ukungenela ukuxoxa ngezokuxhumana okunqamulene, futhi bazimisele kakhulu ekutholeni izinqumo ezinokuthula zemibono engobezombangazwe. Ukuhlolwa kwemininingwane (ingqungquthela: iCentre for Peace Eduast Education Research[) kubonisa ukuthi abantu abancane baseNyakatho ye-Irland cishe abangenwa yizi ne-Irland ngokunokwenzeka abangenwa kakhulu ukuba bazi izizukulwane ezindala kakhulu ukuba bazibone njengeBrithani noma i-Ireland, futhi cishe kakhulu ukuqaphela ngokuthi i-Norish yasenyakatho noma i-Ireland.

Izifundo nazo ziye zahlotshaniswa nokuhlanganiswa okukhuliswe kwezombangazwe. Intsha yase-Northern Ireland ihlanganyela okhethweni, ijoyina amaqembu ezombangazwe, futhi ihileleke ekuthatheni izivumelwano zezombangazwe ngamazinga alingana noma aphakeme kunawo kwezinye izingxenye ze-United Kingdom. I-Northern Ireland Youth Assembly, eyasungulwa ngo-2021, inikeza intsha indlela ehleliwe yokuhlanganyela ekwenzeni izinqumo zezombangazwe, ibonisa ukugcizelela kwezifundo ngezakhamuzi ezikhuthele.

Ukubambisana Kwezenhlalo Nobudlelwane Bomphakathi

Ithonya lemfundo yomphakathi ngokubambisana kwezenhlalo kunzima ukulinganiswa, kodwa kunezimpawu eziqondile. Isilinganiso sabafundi abafunda ezikoleni ezihlangene siye sakhula kancane kusukela eSivumelwano sangoLwesihlanu esilungile, nakuba imfundo ehlangeneyo isalokhu iyilungiselelo elincane. Izinhlelo zokuxhumana ezisekelana ezisekelwe yizifundo zezifundo ziye zaboniswa ukunciphisa ubandlululo nokuzimisela ukuzihlanganisa nabantu abanezizinda ezihlukene.

Nokho, izinselele zikhona. Ukuhlelwa kwezindlu, imfundo, nokuphila komphakathi kuyaqhubeka ezingxenyeni eziningi zeNyakatho Ireland, futhi ifa lezinkinga liyaqhubeka lilolonga ubudlelwane bomphakathi ngezindlela eziyinkimbinkimbi. Imfundo ye-COVIC ayinakuzixazulula lezi zinkinga iyodwa, kodwa inikeza isisekelo esibalulekile semizamo eqhubekayo yokwakha umphakathi owodwa. Izifundo zihlomisela abafundi ulwazi, amakhono, nezindinganiso ezidinga ukuzenza bahlangane ngokuthuthukisa futhi balahle amahlelo abhebhethelela lengxabano.

Izinselele Nezimo Ezibucayi

Naphezu kokuphumelela kwayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwe - Good Wear Agreement ukuba ibe imfundo yomphakathi kuye kwabhekana nezinselele ezinkulu nezimpikiswano.

Izinzwa Nenkumbulo Engokwezombangazwe

Othisha kumelwe bathathe izingxabano ezijulile zezombangazwe lapho befundisa ngezinkinga nangeSivumelwano seGood Wear. Abanye abagxeki baphikisa ngokuthi lezi zifundo zinikeza uhlelo olungathandeki lwengxabano, zifihla ubudlova nokuhlupheka ngenxa yesigijimi sokubuyisana esingazizwa siphoqelekile noma singathandeki. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezifundo lunikeza ukunakekela okunganele emibonweni yezisulu nabasindi, noma ukuthi luhluleka ukusingatha umsebenzi oqhubekayo wobudlova wamaqembu amaRepublic aphikisayo.

Kukhona futhi ukucindezela kwezombangazwe okuvela kokubili embangeni yobuhlanga neyobuzwe. Abanye abagxeki bezinyunyana baphikisa ngokuthi uhlelo lugcizelela kakhulu isilinganiso saso sonke lesi sivumelwano noma lunikeza imibono yobuzwe ngozwela. Abanye abagxeki besizwe baphikisa ngokuthi uhlelo lwezifundo luhluleka ukusingatha indima yezwe laseBrithani kulempi noma izimpikiswano eziqhubekayo zokucwasa izikhundla eziphikisanayo kuyilapho begcina ukuzimisela kwabo kobungcweti ekulinganiseni, ukunemba, futhi kufundisa okuphelele.

Ukuqeqeshwa Kwabafundisi Nokuqiniseka

Othisha abaningi babika ukuthi bazizwa bengakulungele ukufundisa ngezinkathazo nangeSivumelwano semfundo sangoLwesihlanu. Izinhlelo zokufundisa zokuqala azizange zilungiselele ngokwanele ngaso sonke isikhathi abafundisi ngezinselele zokufundisa umlando othile obucayi emphakathini ohlukene phakathi. Othisha bangase bangabe bentula ukuqiniseka ngolwazi lwabo siqu lwenkathi, bangase bangaqiniseki ngendlela yokusingatha ukusabela okungokomzwelo kwabafundi, noma bangase besabe ukukhononda okuvela kubazali noma kubabusi besikole.

Izinhlelo zentuthuko zochwepheshe ziye zasungulwa ukuze zixazulule lezindawo, kuhlanganise nokuqeqeshwa yizinhlangano ezinjenge-Nerve Centre ne-Irish Peace Centres. Nokho, ukuhlanganyela ezimisweni ezinjalo kuvame ukuba ngokuzithandela, futhi othisha abaningi balinganiselwe ekutholeni ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile okuzosekela ukufundisa okuphumelelayo kwale mininingwane. ICCEA inikeza abafundisi imithombo nesiqondiso, kodwa izinga lokusungula izinto liyahlukahluka kakhulu ezikoleni.

Ukuhlolwa Nokulandisa

Imfundo ye-pic iyimfuneko engokomthetho emfunweni wezifundo zase-Northern Ireland, kodwa ithathwa kancane ngokwemithetho kunezihloko ezinjengesiNgisi noma izibalo. Lokhu kungaholela ekuncishisweni ezikoleni, ikakhulukazi uma kunengcindezi yokugxila ekuhlolweni kwezinye izifundo. Abanye othisha babika ukuthi imfundo yomphakathi ithola isikhathi esinganele futhi ukubaluleka kwayo akuqashelwa ngokugcwele abaholi besikole.

Kukhona futhi imibuzo mayelana nendlela yokuhlola imiphumela yemfundo yomphakathi. Kulula kakhulu ukuhlola ulwazi lwabafundi lwezimo zezombangazwe noma ngamalungelo abantu. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlola ukuzinikela kwabo ezindinganisweni zentando yeningi, ukuzimisela kwabo ukuhileleka ngemibono ehlukile, noma ikhono labo lokunikela ekuxazululeni izingxabano ngokuthula. Lena yimiphumela ebaluleke kakhulu kodwa bamelana nokulinganisa okulula.

Imibono Eqhathaniswayo: INyakatho Ireland Ngokwendawo Esemhlabeni Wonke

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwe-Northern Ireland kokuhlanganisa isivumelwano sokuthula nemfundo yomphakathi kunikeza izifundo kweminye imiphakathi evela ezingxabanweni. Izimiso zemfundo eNingizimu Afrika, eRwanda, eBosnia naseHerzegovina, nase Colombia ziye zabhekana nezinselele ezifanayo, futhi kune misebenzi yokuphana kwezizwe zonke yemibono nemikhuba kubafundisi bokuthula.

Ukuhluka kwendlela yase-Irish eNyakatho kugcizelelwa ukuvumelana kokuthula ngokwako njengesimiso esiyinhloko sokuhlela imfundo yomphakathi. Kunokuba kufundiswe ukuba isakhamuzi ngezindlela ezingabonakali, uhlelo lwezifundo lusekelwe eqenjini elithile lezombangazwe abafundi abangahlanganyela kulo ngezindlela eziqinile. Isivumelwano asivezwa njengekhambi eliphelele kodwa njengesimiso esidingidwa esibonisa amaqiniso omphakathi ohlukene futhi sinikeza izindlela zokuxazulula izingxabano eziqhubekayo.

Okuhlangenwe nakho kwase-Ireland eNyakatho kuqokomisa futhi ukubaluleka kokuzinza kwezindawo. Ukunqandwa kwe-Northern Ireland Assembly phakathi kuka-2017 no-2020 kwaletha izinselele ezinkulu emfundweni kahulumeni, njengoba abafundi babefunda ngezinhlangano zezombangazwe ezingasebenzi. Othisha kwadingeka baphendule imibuzo yokuthi kungani amalungiselelo okulawula amandla aphukile nokuthi lokhu kwakusho ukuthini ngekusasa lenqubo yokuthula. Lezi zinselele zagcizelela ukugcizelela kwemfundo kokuthula okuqhubekayo nokungasheshi, kodwa futhi bavivinya ukuthembela kwabafundi esimisweni sezombangazwe.

Indlela Engaphambili: Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo Zemfundo Yesibalo

Njengoba i-Northern Ireland isondela isikhumbuzo seminyaka engu-30 se-Good Wear Agreement, imfundo yomphakathi iyaqhubeka ishintsha. Isizukulwane sabafundi manje ezikoleni asinayo inkumbulo eqondile yezinkathazo nokuhlobana okulinganiselwe nempi. Lokhu kunikeza kokubili amathuba nezinselele. Kwesinye isandla, laba bafundi abavinjezelwa kakhulu ukuhlukana kwamahlelo esikhathini esidlule futhi bangase bavuleleke kakhulu ekucabangeni izindlela ezintsha zokuzicabangela ngokuqondene nomphakathi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izingozi ziba ukuphikisana kuba yizisulu futhi kungabi khona okungaqondakali, balahlekelwe amandla okuthintana nangokokuziphatha kwabafundi.

Abathuthukisi be-currum basebenzela ukuvuselela imfundo yomphakathi yalendaba entsha. Kugcizelelwa kakhulu ukuhlanganisa izifundo zenqubo yokuthula nezindaba zamanje ezinjengokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukungalingani kwembulunga yonke, nobuzwe be-mini. Izimiso zokuxoxa, ukuhlonipha ukwahlukahlukana, kanye nokuzibophezela kumalungelo abantu asekela i-Good Wear Revenment zichazwa njengezisebenza ezinkingeni eziningi zezenhlalakahle, hhayi nje esimweni esithile sezombangazwe saseNyakatho Ireland.

Kukhona futhi ukunaka okwengeziwe emikhankasweni yezinkinga engakaxazululwa. UMthetho wase-Northern Ireland Inkathazo (Iziphepho Nempindela) 2023 uye waveza izimpikiswano ezintsha ngendlela okufanele kuxoxwe ngayo esikhathini esidlule, futhi imfundo yomphakathi kumelwe ilungiselele abafundi ukuba bahlanganyele kulempikiswano enikezwayo nenobuqili. Izifundo (ingqungquthela ehlangeneyo: iCCEA yemfundo yezesizwe [)) ayinakukwazi ukugwema imibuzo enzima ngeqiniso, ubulungisa, nenkumbulo eqhubeka ihlukanisa umphakathi wase-Northern Ireland.

I-Good Wentrever Agreement isalokhu iyisisekelo sohlelo lwezombangazwe lwaseNyakatho Ireland nephuzu eliyinhloko lokufundisa kwayo umphakathi. Izifundo eziye zashukumisa akukhona ukudluliselwa kwamaqiniso okungathathi hlangothi kodwa ukungenela ngamabomu ekwakheni umphakathi onokuthula, ogcwele, nowentando yeningi. Ibonisa ukuqonda kwalesivumelwano ukuthi ukuthula akukona nje ukungabikho kobudlova kodwa ukuba khona kwezinhlangano ezilungile, ubuhlobo obunenhlonipho, nezakhamuzi ezikhuthele ezizinikele ekuthuthukiseni okuhle okukodwa.

Njengoba i-Northern Ireland ihlola izinselele zekhulu lama-20 lokuqala, kusukela ekuhlolweni kwe-Brexit kuya ekushintsheni kwenani labantu bayo, imfundo yomphakathi esekelwe eSivumelwaneni saseGood Wesihlanu iyaqhubeka ifeza indima ebalulekile ekulungiseleleni intsha ukuze ithole imithwalo yayo yemfanelo njengezakhamuzi. Umbono wesivumelwano womphakathi lapho umehluko uhlonishwa khona ngokuthula, futhi zonke izakhamuzi zingahlanganyela ngokugcwele ekuphileni kwentando yeningi, ihlala iyisifiso okumelwe isizukulwane ngasinye sifunde ukuphishekela inkathi entsha.