Isingeniso: Indima Yokuqulwa Kwezindaba Zomphakathi Ekulungwini Kweziqu Nezindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Ukuqulwa kwamacala e-Congress kusebenza njengesisekelo sobuphathi bemithetho eUnited States, kunikeza abenzi bomthetho indlela engokomthetho yokuhlola, ukuphikisana, nesimiso sokulungisa ukugcizelela izindaba zesizwe. Endaweni yokuzimela nokuzimela kweze-inthanetiki, lezi zindlebe ziye zaba bucayi kakhulu njengokusongela okushintshashintshayo nokulinganisela. Zinikeza umphakathi i-memone lapho izikhulu zikahulumeni, abaholi bezindawo ezizimele, ochwepheshe bezemfundo, nabasekeli bezemfundo, bangangabuzwa ngaphansi kwesifungo, baveze umbhalo ozisa kokubili imithetho nokuqonda komphakathi. Izindlebe azigcini nje zibambe imingcele eqinile kodwa futhi zikhanyisa imingcele yemithetho ekhona nemikhuba, ziqondise intuthuko ewusizo endleleni isizwe esivikela ngayo izinhlangano zezindawo zaso, izimo eziyinhloko, izihloko ezivelele, izinselele, izinselele, nalezi zinselele ezithintayo ezisemthethweni eziphambili.

Ukubaluleka Kokuqulwa Kwamacala Ezindawo Zomphakathi Ukuze Kuqashelwe Futhi Kuqashelwe

Icala le-Congress ngokuyisisekelo liphathelene nokuqondisa nokulandisa. IKhomishane inikeza iKhomishane amandla okuhlola izindaba zomphakathi, futhi ukuzwa kuyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokuqoqa ukwaziswa nokubuza ofakazi. Kuyi-inthaneti nokungahlolelwa zindaba zomuntu siqu, lokhu kufeza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile.

Ukuhlola Uhulumeni Nezenzo Zamahlelo

Izazi zivumela abashaya imithetho ukuba bahlole izenzo zezinhlangano zikahulumeni ezinjenge-Department of Homeland Security, i-Federal Bureau of Investigation, i-Cybersecurity and Inslactive Security Agency, ne-Federal Traclare Commission. Bangahlola ukuthi lezi zinkampani ziyakwazi yini ukumisa imithetho ekhona, ukumisa izimali ngokufanelekile, nokuhlela ukusabela ezigijijijekeni zezehlakaniphi. Okubaluleke ngokufanayo, ukuzwa kuletha izinkampani ezizimele , imboni ezinkulu zezobuchwepheshe, imishini elawulayo, kanye nabasebenzi bezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezentengiselwano. Izikhulu ziyangabaza ukuhluleka, futhi lokhu kuphoqelele izinkampani ukuba zithuthukise, futhi zibungame, zibukele izimpawu ezibukele, ezibukele izikhulu zeze ngokumelene nokuvinja.

Ukukhanyisa Umphakathi Nokubonisa Ithemba

Izindlebe zivame ukuvuleka emphakathini futhi zisakazwa, ngokuvamile zidonsa ukunakekela okuphawulekayo kwemithombo yezindaba. Lokhu kwaziswa kufundisa izakhamuzi ngezinkinga ze-inthanethi nokungaqiniseki kwezindaba zomuntu siqu, ukudambisa imiqondo yobuchwepheshe nokuqokomisa izingozi zangempela zezwe. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho abenzi bomthetho bebuza imibuzo eqondile ngokuthi inkampani iqoqa kanjani, isebenzisa kanjani, futhi ivikela imininingwane, uzuza umfanekiso ocacile wemisebenzi ehilelekile. Ukubona bhasisa futhi kwakha ukwethemba noma ukuhluleka kwesimiso, kwenza abameleli babo abakhethiwe bagcine icala lokulandela imithetho esebenzayo. Umlando odalwe ngezindlebe − `istranscriptics, izinkulumo zobufakazi, futhi ufaka ubufakazi obubalulekile kubacwaningi, intatheli.

Ukwakha Isisekelo Sokubekwa Kwemithetho

Ukwaziswa okuqoqiwe phakathi nokuqulwa kwecala kukwazisa ngokuqondile ukuhlelwa nokuthuthukiswa komthetho. Abenzi bomthetho basebenzisa ubufakazi ukuze baphawule izinkinga, bahlole ukuphumelela kwemithetho yamanje, futhi banikeze imithetho emisha. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuzwa ngokuphulwa kokwaziswa kuye kwaholela ezikweletini ezidinga izinkampani ukuba zazise abathengi ngokushesha kakhulu, kuyilapho ukuzwa ngokufihlwa kwendlela yokubhala ngokufihlwa kuye kwavusa izimpikiswano ngokulinganisela ukulondeka nokufihla imfihlo. Ngaphandle kobufakazi obuningiliziwe, obufushadiwe, umthetho ubungasekelwe ekwazisweni okungathembekile kakhulu, ukunciphisa amathuba awo okuba ngokuphumelelayo nokungalindelekile imiphumela.

Izihloko Eziyinhloko Ezikhulunywa Ngezindaba Ezingezona Eziyimfihlo

Izindaba ze - Congress zihlanganisa izihloko eziningi ezisezingeni elibanzi lokungavikeleki kwe - Internet nezindaba eziyimfihlo.

Ukusongela Kwezwe: Ukuhlasela Kwesizwe, IHacktivivism, Nezinto Zokusiza

Enye yezihloko ezivame kakhulu ukuhlasela imvelo nezinga lokungalingani kwe-inthanethi. Abenzi bomthetho bahlola izinsongo zabadlali besizwe, njengalabo abahlangene neRussia, iChina, i-North Korea, ne-Iran. Ukuzwa ngezenzakalo ezifana ne-SolarWindss ephukayo noma ukuhlaselwa kwe-Cholley Humpeline fartures ngendlela abasebenza ngayo abadlala nge-inthambi, ukuthi yiziphi izimo abazisebenzisayo, nokuthi yimiphi imiphumela ewukuvikela izwe nokuzinzisa kwezomnotho. OFakazi bavame ukuzwa izinhlangano zezobuhlakani noma i-itersecureasensityss (indels) ngokuningi kuchaza ukuhlasela kwemijahosholo, izindlela eziphindiselayo, izindlela, namacebo asetshenziswa abaphindiwe. Ubufakazi busiza ukuqondwa kobuphi nakashelelezi obuphambili bempikiswa yizisulu.

Imfihlo Yezinombolo: Iqoqo Lemininingwane, Imvume Namalungelo Omsebenzisi

Izindlebe zomuntu siqu zemishini zihlola indlela imininingwane eqoqwa ngayo, egcinwa ngayo, ehlanganyelwayo, futhi efakwa ngayo. Okugxilwa kakhulu yizifektha zezobuchwepheshe ezinkulu ezincike eqoqweni lemininingwane ebanzi yokukhangisa okudayiswayo. Abenzi bomthetho bayabuza ukuthi izinhlangano zithola kanjani imvume, ukuthi yimuphi ukwaziswa ezikuqoqayo, ukuthi ziwuhlanganyela namuphi, nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani. Ukuphikisana okunjengalokhu okuhamba phambili kwesithathu kokulandelela, ukuqaphela ubuso, nokusebenzisa ulwazi lomuntu siqu lwesinqumo somthetho wezomthetho wokukhangisa. Lokhu kuvame ukuholela ezingxoxweni ngesidingo se-mfunda-mphingo yomthetho kahulumeni we-omgaqo, i-mgaqo, i-mgano ye-mgaqondo ye-mgamgamgamgamco, i-yodwa, i-okanye ne-yodwa i-mendlogobonstries producessss.

Ukushaya Imithetho Nomthetho: Imithetho Yobuciko Yokulwa Ne - Cybercrime

Ukuzwa kuyisigaba lapho kuphikiswana khona futhi kulungiswe umthetho. AmaKomiti acabangela izikweleti ezisingatha zonke izimfuneko zesaziso ezidibeneyo ukunikeza iziyalezo zezindinganiso zokuphepha ezisemzimbeni obucayi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Cybererasecurity and Instudial Security Act ka-2018 ka-2018 yalolongwa ngokuzwa okuningi kuhlola isakhiwo neziphathimandla zenhlangano. Ngokufanayo, ukusunduzwa komthetho wemfihlo kuqondiswe ngokuzwa okuqhathanisa izinqubo ze-tekthi ezisemgangathweni kahulumeni nokuhlola imithwalo yokulalela. Ababenzi bemithetho basebenzisa lezi zinqubo zofakazi ekuhloleni imiphumela ewusizo yezimiso ezihlongohlolwayo, kuhlanganise nezindleko ezilindelekile, izindleko zokuqinisekisa, kanye nemiphumele emabhizinisi amancane.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Yamahlelo Yangasese: Imikhuba Yokulondeka, Ukubonisana, Nenkohliso

Esinye isihloko esiyinhloko siwumthwalo wezinkampani ezizimele wokuvikela ukwaziswa nezimiso ezizilawulayo. Ukuzwa ngokuvamile kugxila ekutheni izinkampani zenza ngokwanele yini ukuze zivikele izinxoxo zazo, zambule ngokushesha, futhi zisebenzise izilinganiso ezinjengokuvulwa kwemisho eyimfihlo kanye nezici eziningi eziqinisekisayo. Abenzi bomthetho bangase baphikisane futhi ngomqondo wokungavikeleki okungokomthetho okumelwe kubekwe icala lokuphazanyiswa okungavinjelwa. OFakazi abasemaqenjini ezimbonini ngokuvamile baphikisana ngezindinganiso zokuzithandela nokwaziswa okuhlanganyela, kuyilapho abathengi becindezela izimfuneko ezingokomthetho nezijeziso eziqinile zokunganaki. Lokhu kugcizelela ukungezwa phakathi kokuthuthukisa inguquko nokuqinisekisa isivikelo esifanelekile kubathengi kanye nezindawo ezigxekayo.

Izibonelo Eziphawulekayo Zezindaba Zomphakathi

Izindlebe eziningi eziphezulu ziye zathonya inkulumo yeningi nezimiso ngokubheka ukungalondeki kweze-inthanethi nakuyimfihlo ngobuchwepheshe. Ukuhlola lezi zibonelo kubonisa amandla nethonya lalezo zenzakalo.

ISigele Sango - 2018 Silalela Izindaba Zomphakathi Nezomuntu Siqu

Mhlawumbe akukho ukuzwa okuthakazelelwa umphakathi ngaphezu kwekhambi elihlangene leSigele uJudicary neCommerce Committee, lapho kwafaka khona isaziso se-Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg. Icala lalandela izambulo ngoCambridge Analytica, inkampani yezombangazwe eyathola ukwaziswa okungafanelekile kubantu abasebenzisa iFacebook. Emahoreni amaningana, abaphethe babuza uZuckerberg ngemisebenzi, imvume yomsebenzisi, ukukhangisa kwezombangazwe, kanye nenkampani i-&x27; umthwalo wemfanelo wokuvikela ulwazi lomsebenzisi. Ukulalela kwabuswa kwabe kuphila izigidi zabantu futhi kwaveza isikhathi esinemininingwane ekhethekile, kuhlanganise noZuckerberg &ent27; iziphetho ziphinda ukuthi iqembu lakhe liyolandelana ngezimpendulo ezibhalwe phansi ngemibuzo yobuchwepheshe. Nakuba ukulalela kungaphumele ngokushesha embusweni, kwanikela icala lemali ezindaweni zomphakathi futhi kuveza imvume yokuzibodwa. Izingxoxo zokuxhumana zomphakathi zifaka futhi zihoswe nakuhlela izingxoxo zezindaba ezisobala.

ISigele Sama - 2021 Silalela Ukuhlasela Kwelanga

NgoFebruary 2021, iSigele Semintentente (iKomiti ye-Company ye-SolarWinds) yaqunga indlebe enikeza ukuhlasela okulandelanayo, enye yemikhankaso eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu nefinyelela kude kakhulu yezobuchwepheshe ebhekiswe ebuntwini baseRussia. OFakazi bahlanganisa nowangaphambili i-Solards CEO Kevin Thompson kanye nabaqondisi be-Cebenston be-Fireye (manje i-Trellix). Izindlebe zadabukwa indlela abahlaseli abafaka ngayo ikhowudi enobukhali eyingozi ekuhlaziyeni i-computernels ' i-O i-software, i-Orion, i-ocekn, kuhlanganise nezinhlangano eziningi zikahulumeni. I-Lears yacindezela ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso ze-sosha yomthetho wobuchwepheshe kusetshenziswa i-Pindenegner, i-Punicercer, i-ocersethi ye-ocerv.

Ukulalela I - Equifax Memorial

I-Equifax CEO Richard Smith yaveza ukuphuka kokwaziswa komuntu siqu ngo-2017. Kuhlanganise izinombolo ze-Social Security, izinsuku zokuzalwa, namakheli (eyezigidi ezingu - 147). Ekuphenduleni, amakomiti amakomiti ama-buthorion amaningi alalela lapho kwakunemiphumela lapho owayengu-Equifax CEO Richard Smith afaka khona. Abenzi bezomthetho baveza ukucasuka kwenkampani i-' ukuhluleka ukuvala i-sockedsfective eyaziwayo, ukuthatha kwayo kancane ekuphuleni i-ephule, nomzamo wayo wokuqala ukumangalela abathengi ukugada i-jajiswa kwemali ngenxa yokungasithengi. Ukuzwa kwabantu kwabangela ukuhoxa kwemiphumela engcono ye-Cexquie, njengoba ama-sentarest alandisa izindaba ze-Exfells abika. I-Equie. I-Evine i-A i-A i-Svivorse isebenzisa i-mondsssss ekhorison athembekile ukuze isebenzise inguquko kakhulu

Umphumela Wezendlebe Zezishaya - mthetho Ezisemkhankasweni Wemithetho Nenqubo

Ithonya lezindlebe zomphakathi lidlulela ngalé kwegumbi lokuzwa.

Ukuphambuka Kwemithetho Nesenzo Sokuqondisa

Izindlebe zinikeza isisekelo esisobala semithetho emisha. I-Cybersecurity and Inspiracture Security Act of 2018, eyaphakamisa i-CISIA yaya enkampanini ezimeleyo, yatshelwa ngokuzwa okuningi okwahlola isidingo senhlangano kahulumeni eqinile yezokuvikela i-intanethi. Ngokufanayo, izikweletu ezihlukahlukene ezikhuluma ngezokuvikela izinto, ukuphula ulwazi, nokuthola i-inthaneti lokuzigcina nokuthuthukisa kwe-inthaneti kuye kwabekwa futhi kwathuthukiswa ngobufakazi. Izindlebe zibuye zithonye iziqondiso zezikhulu zezezezomthetho nezokushaya izinhlangano. Ngokwesibonelo, ubufakazi obuphathelene nezikhala ezibonisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-injini yokuhlasela nge-inthaneti zaholela kuyi-Cyber Infidenting for Critical Infracracture Act nezenzo zokulandelana. Ngisho nalapho imithetho yokulalela, ukuthuthukisa kwezephula kwezezindaba zezezombangazwe kungakhuthaza ukuthuthukisa kwezezezentengiselwa noma ukubusa kwezente.

Ukushayela Icala Nemikhuba Emihle Kakhulu

Ukuhlolwa komphakathi kwecala kungaphoqelela izinkampani ukuba zishintshe imisebenzi yazo. Uma abaphathi befuna ukuhlala phambi kweSishaya-mthetho futhi baphendule imibuzo enzima ngaphansi kwesifungo, kudala izisusa ezinamandla zokusingatha ukulondeka nezindaba zomuntu siqu ngokuqhubekayo. Ngemva kokuzwa kwe-Facebook, ngokwesibonelo, inkampani yasebenzisa izimiso eziqinile zokulawula ukutholakala kwemininingwane, yandisa uhlelo lwayo lwezembuyiselo, futhi yafaka imishini yokulungisa izinto zomuntu siqu ngendlela eqinile. Ikhono lokulalela i-Equifax lashukumisela inkampani ukuba isebenzise ukubukisa ukuhola kwayo nokuzilawula kwayo futhi ifake kakhulu ezinqubweni zayo ezindleleni zayo zokuzingela indleko. Kwezinye izimo, ukuzwa kuholela ekutholeni izakhiwo noma izinhlangano ezilawula izivumelwano, njengoba usongo lwezenzo zomthetho lukhuthaza ukuba kube nezindlela zokuhlola inqubo yokwelapha.

Ukwanda Kokuqapha Komphakathi Nokushintsha Ingxoxo Yezombangazwe

Izindlebe ziwumzila oyinhloko wokufundisa umphakathi. Uma ukuzwa kwezindaba eziphezulu kuqashelwa nge-teography, izigidi zezibukeli zifunda ngezindaba ezingase zingazinaki. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuzwa kwe-Facebook ka-2018, kwandisa kakhulu ukuqashelwa komphakathi ngemisebenzi yokwaziswa yezomuntu siqu nomqondo wokukhangisa okuhloselwe. Kwabangela ukuba kube nezihloko zezindaba ezingenakubalwa, izicubu zemibono, nezingxoxo zezezenhlalo, kucindezele abakhi bomthetho ukuba benze okuthile. Ukuqaphela komphakathi, ngokulandelayo, ithonya lomvoti futhi lingaguqula indawo yezombangazwe, kwenza ukuba kube yimfihlo nokuphepha okwengeziwe kokhetho. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kungadala isimo lapho umthetho obanzi ungaba yinto evumelanayo ngokomthetho wezentengo mayelana nezombangazwe.

Izinselele Nokulinganiselwa Kwezindlebe Zomphakathi

Naphezu kokubaluleka kwazo, ukuqulwa kwamacala eqembu kubhekana nezinselele ezinkulu ezinganciphisa ukuphumelela kwawo ekubhekaneni nokusongelwa kobudoda nokungavikeleki kwamanani.

Ukungavumelani Kwezombangazwe Nesiyaluyalu Sezigaba

Ukungaguquguquki kwezindaba zomthetho nezindaba zomuntu siqu akunakugonyelwa ekuhlukaniseni. Abenzi bomthetho bangaphikisana ngendima efanelekile kahulumeni, isilinganiso somthetho, nokulinganisela phakathi kwenhlalayenza nenkululeko yomphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuzwa ngokuvulwa kwemibhalo ebhalwe phansi ngokuvamile kuhlukahluka phakathi kwemikhakha yokugcinwa komthetho kanye nokuvulwa kwemibhalo eyimfihlo. Ukungavumelani kungaholela ekuzweni okuncintisanayo ekumisweni okumele kube yizikhundla ezinkulu zezombangazwe kunokuba kuphenyelwe, futhi kungavimbela ukumiswa kwemithetho enengqondo ngisho nalapho ukuzwa kwezindaba zezombangazwe zanamuhla kuveza izinkinga ezicacile.

Ikhono Lobuchwepheshe Elilinganiselwe Phakathi Kwabenzi Bomthetho

Amalungu amaningi e-Congress awanazo izingcweti zobuchwepheshe ezijulile ekungaqinisekini i-inthanethi naku-octronic special. Lokhu kungaphumela ekubeni kube nemibuzo ephunyukile, ephazamisa kakhulu izindaba eziyinkimbinkimbi, noma ehlulekayo ukuphenya imininingwane ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe. OFakazi bangasebenzisa lezindawo ukuze bagweme ukulandisa noma basuse ingxoxo ezihlokweni ezingathandeki. Nakuba amakomiti ngokuvamile athembele kochwepheshe bezisebenzi nakubantu abangaphandle kwezisebenzi abasebenza ngemishini, ukujula kolwazi phakathi kwezikhulu ezikhethiwe kuyahluka kakhulu. Lokhu kunciphisa amandla ezindlebe ekuvezeni izihloko eziqondile, ezihlelwe kahle.

Usongo Lwe - cyber Olusheshayo

I-Cyber usongo luqala ngokushesha kunenqubo yokushaya umthetho. Ngesikhathi kuhlelwa ukuzwa, usongo oluthile noma ukuchayeka okuhlolwe kungase kuphelelwe isikhathi. Izwi lohlobo oluthile lwesihlengo lingaqala nje ngaphambi kokuba abahlaseli bashintshele ezindleleni ezintsha. Lokhu kushesha kusho ukuthi ukuzwa kugxile ezigabeni zangaphambili kunokubheka izingozi ezivelayo. Ikhalenda lomthetho lihamba kancane, futhi isikhathi esidingekayo sokudweba, impikiswano, nokudlulisa isibhamu kungaba iminyaka, lapho usongo lwezwe lungashintsha khona ngokuphawulekayo. Nakuba ukuzwa kungenza umehluko, abakwazi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhambisana nesivinini sokushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe.

Ukulinganiselwa Nokulandelwa

Izindlebe zona ngokwazo azinawo amandla okuphoqelela. Zingaphoxa ofakazi futhi zidalule ukuziphatha okubi, kodwa azifaki mithetho noma zishintshe. Ithonya langempela livela ekubekeni umthetho olandelayo, ukuqondisa, noma isenzo somuntu siqu. Uma uMkhandlu uhluleka ukwenza ngemva kokuzwa, umphumela wawo ungaphelela ekuthumbeni umphakathi. Ezinye izindlebe ziveza izikhathi eziphawulekayo eziphelayo ngaphandle kwemiphumela eqinisekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphula ukwaziswa okuningi kuveza izihloko kodwa akuholeli emthethweni wasese kahulumeni obanzi ngenxa yokufa kwezombangazwe. Ngaphandle kokulandela, ukuzwa kungazizwa njengomjikelezo wentukuthelo ophindaphindekayo ngaphandle kwenguquko.

Isiphetho: Ukubaluleka Okuhlala Njalo Kwezindaba Zomphakathi

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, ukuzwa kwemithetho kuseyithuluzi elibalulekile ezweni i' ukugcinwa kweze-inthanethi kanye nezindawo zobumfihlo. Kunikeza isisekelo esiyingqayizivele sokulandisa, ukubonakala, nemfundo okungekho enye inhlangano engasiphinda iphinde izenze. Ngokubuza ngofakazi, abenzi bomthetho bangadalula izindlela ezingcono kakhulu, baqaphele futhi bakhe indaba yomthetho. Umlando womphakathi owenziwe ngezindlebe nezindawo zobumfihlo usebenza njengesisekelo sentuthuko yenqubo eqhubekayo yenqubo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isenzo sokuphatha izimpawu zokuzwa emphakathini kanye nezokuthuthukisa ibhizinisi ukuthi i-inthaneti nemfihlo kubaluleke kakhulu, ukuvikela kwezwe nokulawula kwezemfihlo, ukuthuthukisa kwemigomo, ukusekela kwezentengoso ye-omfa yomphakathi, kungaqinisa ukuvikela nokusekela inguquko engokobusweni kwezesayensinikazi elivamile, njengoba ukusekela kwezehlakala nokusekela kwezehlakalo oluqinile kwezehlakalo, ukusekela kwezelelwa kwezethu lezethu lezelelo eliphansi, nokusekela kweze, ukusekela kweze, njengoba ukusekela kweze

Ukuze ufunde ngokuqhubekayo ezindlebeni ezithile kanye nezimiso ezihlobene nazo, cabangela ukubukeza C-SPAN yobufakazi be-2018 Zuckerberg , i-Senate Committee Intelligence Committee elalelayo ehlaselayo [, kanye nokuhlolwa [[FLT:] FTC [kubhekiselwa ku-Equifax[FLT]].