Ukubalwa kwabantu okungokonyaka kungaphezulu kakhulu; kuyisisekelo sokunikwa kwemali elinganayo nokumelelwa kwentando yeningi. Kubantu basemaphandleni nabezolimo, lapho abantu bevame ukuhlakazeka futhi bencipha khona, ukubalwa kwabantu okuphelele kuvumelana ngokuqondile nokusetshenziswa kwezimali zezikole, izakhiwo zempilo, ukulungiswa kwemigwaqo, ukwanda kwemidanti, nezinkonzo zokulima. Uma le miphakathi ibala imali encitshisiwe, balahlekelwa izigidi zama - dollar emalini kahulumeni ngeminyaka eyishumi elandelayo futhi bangena sengozini yokusetshenziswa kwezombangazwe ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nasezindaweni zokuhlala izitshalo. Ukusekela ngokugcwele kudinga ukuthatha ingxengeno ezindaweni zasemaphandleni nezokulima kudinga ukuqonda izithiyo ezihlukene lemiphakathi nokwethunga, amasu asekelwe ekuthembeni okusekelwe kuhulumeni emali ngeminyaka elishumi ezayo.

Ukuqonda Ukubaluleka Kokuhlanganyela Ezindaweni Ezisemaphandleni AseMelika

I-U.S. Censure Bureau ilinganisela ukuthi cishe eyodwa emakhaya amahlanu asemaphandleni ayizange izifakela ngokwayo ku-202020 Censurection, uma kuqhathaniswa nowodwa ezindaweni eziyishumi zasedolobheni. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi imiphakathi yasemaphandleni neyolimo ihlelwe ngokulandelana ukuba isengozini yokungalingani. Imiphumela: ukusukela ekuxhaseni [FLT:] uHlawulwe lwezentengo yoMxubeko hlelo lwezempilo [[FLT] [FLT] [FOLT] [5],[5] [FT] [FT] [FT], [FT] kanye nodoti: [FFFFUT] [er.[10][10][eggne, [enualst] [f][FFFF], kanye ne-east .[east org:[f]

Ngaphandle kokuxhasa ngokuqondile ngemali, ukwaziswa kokubala kuzisa ukuhlasela kosizo lwenhlekelele, ukuthuthukisa intuthuko yomphakathi, kanye nemizamo yokubalwa kwabantu nge- yesizwe i-Agricultural Statistics Servition. Wonke amapulazi noma izisebenzi ezingabaliwayo zisonta umbono wokuphila kwasemaphandleni. Ngakho, ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanganyela akuyona indlela yokusebenza ye-oralcultaire — kuyindaba yokusinda emadolobheni amaningi amancane nasezindaweni zokulima.

Izinselele Ezibhekene Namazwe Asemaphandleni Nezolimo

Imiphakathi yasemaphandleni neyolimo ibhekene nenqwaba yemingcele eyingqayizivele eyenza ukubala abantu kube nzima kunasemadolobheni noma emadolobheni.

Ukuhlukana Kwezinombolo

I-FLT [FFCC Broadn Deployment Report [[FFFLT:1], amaMelika asemaphandleni angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-14 — acishe abengu- 22% kubantu basemaphandleni — abangakwazi ukufinyelela isilinganiso esiqinile se-crimend ngesivinini somnyango. Uma umshini ohamba ngeselula ukhona, amasubare emisebenzi engekho ngokomthetho ewebhusayithi. Lendlela yokuphendula engaphakathi ekhubazekayo esusa amakhaya athembekile ngaphandle kolwembuya oluthembekile. Abalimi nezakhamuzi zasemaphandleni bathembela ekuxhumaneni nge-maki-tellictop noma ukuxhumana kwe-tellite ehamba kancane, ehamba kancane, noma engathembekiyo ukubala ulwazi. Ngisho noma umshini we-makhalela ukhona, amasuntry adinga ukusabela okungahambi kocingo oluvamile.

Izithiyo Zolimi Nezokufunda

Izindawo zokulima zivame ukuhlanganisa isilinganiso esikhulu sezisebenzi ezifudukayo nezifudukayo, ikakhulukazi emaqenjini anjengesikhanyiso senyama, isithelo, nemifino, nezitshalo ezisohlwini. ISpanishi, izilimi zomdabu (isibonelo, i-Mictec, i-Zapotec, i-Q’eqchi’s), ne-Creoleolec yase-Haiti. Izisebenzi eziningi zinezinga elilinganiselwe lesiNgisi lobuchwepheshe nelemfundo ephansi yemfundo ngezilimi zazo zomdabuzwe. Izindlela zokubalwa kwabantu, imibuzo esemthethweni enikeza ulwazi lomuntu siqu nohulumeni, zingaholela ekubeni zingangeni e-arekhoneni noma ulwazi olungafanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asebe abadala abalimi abakhula ngezindlela zephepha kuphela bangase balwe ngemisebenzi ye-miculcurecracracrac.

Ukwethembana Nokukhathazeka Ngezindaba Zomuntu Siqu

Ukungathembani kukahulumeni kukhulu kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi zasemaphandleni nezezolimo. Kuzisebenzi zasemapulazini ezifudukayo nezingabhaliwe, ukwesaba ukwaziswa okuhlangene nokugcinwa kwezokufuduka (naphezu kwesivikelo esingokomthetho) kungakhubaza. Ezizakhamuzi zasemaphandleni esezinesikhathi eside zikhona, ukungabalelwa ukuthi ungasetshenziswa kanjani ukwaziswa — ekukhokheleni izintela, ekuhloleni intela, noma ekubekeni umthetho wezezolimo — kungakuvimbela ukuhlanganyela. U-2020 no-20 wamashumi amabili abantu babheka ukukhathalela okukhulu ukuvalwa kwezindaba zokufuduka kanye nokungalondeki kwe-inthanethi, okuqeda ukuthemba ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ikakhulukazi. Ngaphandle kwezithunywa ezithenjwayo, lezi zizathu zihlala zingatholi mvume.

Ukuhlukaniswa Kwendawo Nemithombo Yemvelo Elinganiselwe

Izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni zihlala kude namahhovisi eposi, imitapo, noma imitapo yomphakathi. Ezindaweni zokuvuna, izinkathi zokuvuna namahora amaningi okusebenza zingashiya isikhathi esincane semisebenzi yezembuyiselo. Lemigwaqo ingaba yedwa noma ingadluliswa esimweni sezulu esimanzi, futhi ezomphakathi azikho. Ohulumeni bendawo nezinhlangano zomphakathi ezingase ziholele ekutholeni imali ephansi futhi zingabasebenzi kakhulu. Isifunda esisodwa esinemisebenzi yokuvuna noma umfundisi wasemaphandleni singaba necala lamakhulu emakhaya asakazekelenezehlakazekile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imikhankatho yezokusakaza ithelevishini, umsakazo wezokukhangisa — kufinyelela kubantu abambalwa, kanye namaseyili emnyango wendlu engenisa isikhathi esiphansi futhi kubiza isikhathi esiphansi.

Amasu Okusekela Ukuhlanganyela

Ukunqoba lezinselele kudinga indlela esetshenziswa kaningi esetshenziswa izinhlanganisela zendawo, ujwayelana namaqiniso asemhlabeni, futhi wakha ukwethembana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngezansi amasu anwetshiwe anezibonelelo zikakhonkolo nemikhuba emihle kakhulu.

Ukungenela Komphakathi Ezinhlanganweni Zendawo

Ukuphumelela kokuyaluza akuqali nge-Census Bureau; kuqala ngezinhlangano izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni esezizizithembile kakade: ihhovisi lokuhlanganisa isifundazwe, ihholo lendawo, iGrange, isonto, isitolo sokudla, nomnyango womlilo wokuzithandela. Ukubambisana nalezi zinhlangano kwenza ukuba ukwaziswa kokubala kungene ngezindlela ezimisiwe. Ngokwesibonelo, abakhangisi bangafaka amaphuzu okubala emashabhuni abo asemapulazini noma enhlabathini. Izincwadi zingahlanganisa umchazi wokwaziswa okufushane. Iziteshishi zomsakazo womphakathi ezisakaza imibiko yezentengiselwano noma i-oppershiptic zingafaka izimende zenkonzo yomphakathi yezentengo eSpain nasesiNgisi.

Isibonelo esisetshenziswa kakhulu yile [[FLT: 0] I-Complete Count Makomiti a-Open ekhiwe ngokwezinga lesifundakazi ezizweni eziningi. Ngokuhlanganisa abameleli abavela Farmar Bureaunt[, [[[FLT:]]] [[FLT]]] Amapulazi ase-Melika [[FLT] [[FLT]]] [[FLT]] [izindawo ezingaphandle] [izindawo zomphakathi], la makomiti angadala futhi iqoqo labathuthuki abagqugquzeli abathelekayo abathelekayo. [FFOT:] [FFF],[12][12]

Ulwazi olufinyelelekayo, olukhulunywa ngezilimi eziningi, noluphansi

Ukuhumusha kukodwa akwanele. Izinto zokwakha kumelwe zilungiselelwe izibukeli ezingafundile kakhulu, zisebenzisa ulimi olulula, imifanekiso ecacile, kanye neziqondiso zokubona ezilandelanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ikhasi elilodwa elithi “Indlela yokugcwalisa Ukwenyuka” iziqondiso ngezithombe zenyathelo ngalinye (ukuvula uhlamvu, ukungena ekhophini, ukuphendula umbuzo wokuqala) zingafakwa futhi zifakwe ezikhungweni zomphakathi. Amakhasethi emisindo ngezilimi eziningi angasakazwa emsakazweni wendawo noma adlalwe ngendishi ezindaweni zokuhlangana.

Kubantu abafudukayo abasebenza emapulazini, izinto kufanele zisakazwe ngemitholampilo [[FLT:] engu-A. Imfuyo Izindawo zezindlu zesikhashana, futhi izinhlelo zemfundo [. Imfuyo I-APAPI [[[FLT:]] isungule amathuluzi asebenzayo ekwazini oku-ukufinyelela-inani eliqinile elisebenza njengesibonelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunikeza izisebenzi ezisizayo ezihlala endaweni yomphakathi ukuba ziphile (zinqubo ezihambayo). I-Bureattontonstons [FT] [FLT] [FLT] program: [FFFFFF]

Izikhungo Zosizo Ezihambayo Nezenzakalo Ezingefani

Esikhundleni sokulindela ukuba izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni zihambe ziye endaweni emisiwe, zilethe kubo usizo lwemoto lungathatha izindlela eziningi: iveni ehlome ngamachashaza ashisayo eWi eraFili kanye nezibhebhe ezihambela ipulazi, imfuyo, izikhangiso zesifunda, izindawo zokupaka izimoto zesonto; idesiki lesikhashana elibekwe e Izitolo zokuthengisa [ njalo ngenyanga; noma impelasonto “iCensus Fasta" enkabeni yomphakathi enokudla kwamahhala, ukunakekelwa kwabantwana, kanye nokunye okungasese. Phakathi nokuhlola okuqinile, ukuhambelana kweze. Izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingangenisi.

Lezi zenzakalo kufanele zenzeke phakathi nezikhathi ezihlanganisa izinqubo zokulima — ngemva kokusenga ebusuku, ngesikhathi sobusika, noma ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna. Kubalulekile futhi ukunikeza labo abenqabayo ukuthatha i-intanethi. Ezindaweni eziningi zasemaphandleni, ifomu lephepha elithunyelwa ngesandla ngumakhelwane lithembeke kakhulu kunencwadi ethunyelwe nguhulumeni.

Ukwakha Ukwethemba Ngezithunywa Ezifanelekayo

Ukuthemba kuyimali yemikhankaso yokubala abantu emaphandleni aseMelika. Izithunywa eziphumelela kakhulu akuzona iziphathi-mabhunusi noma abezombangazwe kodwa abantu bendawo: ummeleli wesifunda oye wasiza abalimi amashumi eminyaka, umfundisi owabhapathiza abantwana babo, umakhelwane naye osebenza izinkomo ezincane. Ukuqeqesha laba bantu ukuba baphendule imibuzo evamile mayelana nezindaba zomuntu siqu (umzz., “Ukwaziswa kwakho kuyimfihlo ngaphansi kweSihlomo 13, ne-Census Bureauau akwabelana nayo nayiphi enye i-arhente, kuhlanganise ne-ICE noma i-IRS” kubalulekile.

Ubuhlobo ne-[QUET:0] iminyango ye- kanye ne-[FLT] hospitals [ futhi kungasetshenziswa ngoba ibonwa njengengathathi hlangothi, izinkonzo ezibalulekile. Ngokufanayo, [[[FLT]] imishado yezemali [ kanye [[FLT] nezinhlangano [[FTYM]] i-FY:7] zingakha ukuthembana phakathi kwamandla onyaka nemisebenzi yemisebenzi ehlala njalo. Imiphakathi yamazwe, ehambisana nohlelo oluvamile [FLT] [FLT:] [F:9] kanye nezinhlangano zezindawo ezizincebo] [FFFT] [10] [FFY] [FFY] [12] inikeza izinkonzo eziwusizo]

Indima Yabafundisi Nabaholi Bomphakathi

Izikole nabaholi bendawo bayizindawo ezingokwemvelo zokukhushulelwa ekubaleni abantu.

Ekilasini

Othisha bangahlela izifundo zokubalwa kwezifundo zezenhlalo, zezibalo, nezezolimo. Ngokwesibonelo, ikilasi lesikole esiphakeme elifundela ukubala lingahlaziya indlela ukwaziswa okuthinta ngayo ukwanda kwenani lezifundo SDA] imingcele yesifunda sokuboleka imali [ noma umshuwalense wemali [[[FLTLT:]]. Abafundi abasebasha bangahlanganyela ngayo ekuhlolweni kwezifundo zokubala. Othisha bangathumela ekhaya izikhwama zokwaziswa ezichaza ukuthi kungani izindaba zokubalwa kwabantu esikoleni zikhokhelwa ngemali — ngaleyondlela bafinyeza abazali abangangayinaki imvilo yemali kahulumeni. Phakathi ne 2020 Creages, eminye izifunda ezisetshenziswa kuyi-ikhilogodi ukuze badlulise izifundo zokubala nokubala abantu nezinkozo zemikhaya ezindaweni eziphelele.

Abaholi Bomphakathi Njengobahleli

Ama-maya amadolobha amancane, amakhomishane esifundazwe, kanye nabaholi bamaqeqeba enkonzo yendawo (Kiwanis, Rotary, Lions) bangahlanganisa imihlangano yehholo lasedolobheni noma bahlele imizamo yokubiza wonke amavoti abhalisiwe ngocingo esifundeni. Bangawabiza amahhovisi abo ngokuthi “iziteshi zokuqeda.” Isenzo esilula esinamandla siwukuba umahluleli wesifunda asayine isimeya noma umbusi esimemezela ukuthi“ Census End of Month Froup” futhi bakhuthaze zonke izakhamuzi ukuba ziphendule ngosuku oluthile. Ngemiphakathi yezolimo, abaholi bangaxhumanisa ukudluliswa kwezenzakalo ezikhona: zihlanganisa ibhulo-'[FLD:] [FLT1], [FFFFFFF], [FFFFF:] noma]

Ukuhlanganyela Okusekelwe Ukholo

Amasonto nezinhlangano zokholo zinethonya ngokukhethekile ezindaweni zasemaphandleni. Abefundisi bangamemezela phakathi nezinkonzo, bahlanganisa izithasiselo zokubalwa kwabantu ezisemibhalweni, kanye nomninikhaya “amaSonto” lapho izisebenzi zokuzithandela zisiza khona abangenisi ngemva kokukhulekela. Izinhlangano zenkolo zingahlanganisa lo mzamo emiphakathini ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise namaSulumane, amaHindu, noma amaBuddha angase abe namalungu ezolimo.

Ubuchwepheshe Obusheshayo Nemikhumbi Esebenzelanayo

Ngisho nasezindaweni ezinezigebengu ezilinganiselwe, ubuchwepheshe bungasiza uma busetshenziswa ngendlela efanelekile. Imikhankaso yokuthumela imiyalezo ingafinyelela izakhamuzi ngama-cellphone ayisisekelo. Izingcingo zocingo eziqoshiwe ezinemiyalezo eqoshiwe evela egameni lendawo elithenjwayo (umz., i-heaffriff noma umlimi ovelele) ingaqhuba impendulo. Imishini ephethe izinkampani [[FLT:] izinkampani zeze-am'ekhomphyutha] [[FLT:] [FFFF]] [FFF:]] AFFFF] Intectivemont [ence] [FFF] [5] [5] [ectern] amahhovisi ekhulukazi] anganikeza izingcingozelo ezingenisweni zesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa i-FTTY:[5] Inteciogtionsss.[FFFFOT] Intectiontionssssssss.[octives Ukuhlola i-octive

Izixwayiso Zemithetho Zoshintsho Oluhlala Njalo

Imikhankaso yesikhashana ayanele. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhlanganyela ngokugcwele ekubaleni abantu esikhathini esizayo, kudingeka izinguquko zokwakha:

  • Lungisa imibuzo: Ukubeka indawo yobalo olufushane, olucacile ngemibuzo emincane eqondakala kalula ngamanani okwazi ukufunda.
  • Izimali ezandisiwe zokukhipha amaphandle: UKhomishane kufanele wabele imali enikezelwe kumaKomiti aMaphakathi aComplete uCount kanye namahhovisi okunwebisa kunokuba kuncike ezikhungweni ezimbalwa ezisendaweni eseduze.
  • Ukufinyelela kolimi oluhlanganisayo: Kudingeka iziqondiso zephepha kanye nokuhumusha nge-inthanethi ngezilimi ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwezisebenzi zezolimo, kuhlanganise nezilimi zendabuko.
  • qinisa izivikelo zangasese: izivikelo eziqinile ezingokomthetho ezivimbela ukwabelana ngemininingwane, futhi zisakaze lezisivikelo ngonya emithonjeni yasemaphandleni.
  • Izinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini: Ibonelela iminyaka eminingi kumaphandle angekho nzuzo nakumaqembu ukuze akhe isisekelo sobalo lwabantu ngaphandle kokuqala ngokukkala njalo eshumini leminyaka.

Isiphetho

Ukusekela imiphakathi yasemaphandleni neyolimo ekuthatheni iqhaza lokubala abantu akuwona umsebenzi olinganayo. Kudinga ukuqonda okujulile ngezimo zendawo — ukuhlukanisa ngokwezinombolo, imingcele yolimi, indawo, ukungathembani kombuso, nokungathembani kwezizukulwane nohulumeni. Ngokufaka amasu asekelwe ezinhlanganweni ezithenjwayo, ukunikeza izinto ezitholakalayo nezixubene, ukunikeza usizo ngokuqondile lapho abantu behlala khona nomsebenzi, futhi sinika abafundisi nabaholi bomphakathi amandla okuthatha igebe lokuhlanganyela. Zonke izakhamuzi zasemaphandleni ezingahlali ziphuthelwa ithuba lokuthola izimali ezifanele, ukumelela, nokubonakala. Ngokubambisana, singenza ukuba le miphakathi ikwazi ukunikeza usizo ngokuqondile lapho abantu behlala khona futhi besebenza khona, okubalulekile kakhulu ekunikezeni ukudla nasemaphandleni asemaphandleni ezakhamuzini — singabalwa futhi sisebenze ngokugcwele.