Indima Yezimali Zase - Australia Ekuhwebeni Izakhiwo Zesizwe

Imisebenzi yokuhlela izakhiwo − kusukela kumaphasishi aphezulu anezintambo eziqinile kuya ekwandeni okukhulu komgwaqo omkhulu wemigwaqo emikhulu . I-Australian Treasurence ihlala esikhungweni salebhizinisi, ifaka imishini yezimali ebangela ukuba amapulani abe yiqiniso. Ngokulawula isimiso semithetho yezwe, ukuhlanganisa izimali ze-Commonfealth, nokubambisana okungalingani nezindawo kanye nengxenye yangasese, i-Othernary iqinisekisa ukuthi i-rangey nentuthuko yezezimali ezibalulekile ziyasebenza futhi zikhona esikhathini eside.

Ngaphansi kwe- i-Australian Treasury’s[[FLT]] i-pulture, ukuxhasa imali yezezimali eziyisisekelo akuyona nje indaba yokubhala i-cheques. Kuhilela ukuhlaziya okunzima okuhlanganisa izindleko, ukuhlolwa kwezingozi, nokuhlela ngezindawo eziza kuqala kwezomnotho. I-Othermeter isebenza ngesandla-iglove ngezinhlangano zokuhambisa i-Infrastrust e-Australia kanye nohulumeni ukuba benze imisebenzi ehlela impumelelo engokwezomnotho, ithuthukise ukuxhumana, futhi isekele ukukhula kwenani labantu. Lesibonelo esibambisanayo siveze umshini wokuguqula inguquko enziwayo e-Australia, umsebenzi, nokuhamba.

Umlando Nokuziphendukela Kwemvelo Okuhlelekile

Indlela yokusebenzisa izimali eziyisisekelo ye-Australia iye yashintsha kakhulu kusukela enkathini yangemva kwempi. Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20 leminyaka, iCommonweal yayithembele kakhulu ezivumelwaneni eziqondile, ngokuvamile ezihlangene nezindawo ezithile. Indima yeNdawo yezimali ngokuyinhloko yayiyiyo yomgcinisango, ukubukeza nokususa izimali ngaphansi kwezezimali zezwe Lond Transport Network [ izinhlelo. Nokho, phakathi namashumi amabili eminyaka adlule, i-Moneral iye yamukela indima ehleliwe, ehambisana nenkokhelwano. Manje iholela emklamweni wemiklamo yezimali ekhuthaza ukuzuza ukutshala imali emphakathini, ikakhulukazi ngokubambisana komphakathi (PP) nangemali ebolekisa imali yomphakathi.

Lokhu kushintsha kubonisa kokubili ukucindezela kwemali yasekhaya kanye nomkhuba ongcono kakhulu wembulunga yonke. Ukuzimisela kweTreasurery ukwamukela amathuluzi amasha ngokwezimali − njenge- National Rail Corporation ne I-Infraublicational Finasting Unit [[[[FLLT:3]] ivule i-Australia ukuba ikwazi ukuhambisa umsebenzi ngokushesha ngisho nangezikhathi ze-fiscal transctive. Isibonelo, i-Inland Rail project, i-roboy, i-Melbournew ne-Brisbane, izinzuzo ezisuka kwinhlanganiseni ye-Commowealthropries, imiphikizano, nokubophela kwezentengo ebhalwe ngeziqondiso zezezezezimali. Ukubolo okuhambisana nokukhokha intela kuye kwavumela ukuba intela ekhukhwezwayo ezindaweni ezithene kakhulu phakathi kwezindawo zomphakathi.

Isihluthulelo Sokusebenzisa Imishini ERail Nentuthuko Yomgwaqo

I - Australian Treasure evumelana nezimiso zezimali ezivumelana nesilinganiso, isilinganiso esiyingozi, nenzuzo yomphakathi yomsebenzi ngamunye. Ukuqonda la mathuluzi kubalulekile ukuze kuqondwe indlela isisekelo sezwe esisekelwa ngayo ngokwezimali.

Iminikelo Eqondile Nokusetshenziswa Kwemali

Inqubo elula kakhulu impoqo inikeza ohulumeni bezwe noma iziphathimandla zeprojekthi. Imali ngayinye yemali kahulumeni ihlela izivumelwano ezithile zemisebenzi eza kuqala ngaphansi kwezinhlelo ezifana ne-National Partiveality Advements ne I-Infacteractment Program Uhlelo lwezezimali]. Izazi zemali zihlaziya lezi zihlongozo ngokumelene nezibalo ezizuzisayo, inzuzo yesilinganiso, inzuzo, intuthuko yokuphepha. Ngokwesibonelo, [FLT][FLT][FLT][FLT][FLT] Up Relectiveserveation Program[F:][FLD]].[FLD] [5]

Ubudlelwane bomphakathi (PPP)

I-PPPs isiyitshe eliyitshena lezimali zezezimali zase-Australia. Izimali zinikeza uhlelo lwesimiso sezezimali (ihlanganisa i-PPPal Policy State []] eqinisekisa inani lemali, ukudluliswa kwemali, ukudluliswa, nokubonakala. Emgwaqweni ovamile we-PPPPP, imiklamo yezezimali, isebenza, futhi igcine impahla eyigugu engaphezulu kwe-25-35 yeminyaka, kuyilapho uhulumeni enza izindleko zezikhathi ezithile noma inzuzo ngezindleko noma ukukhokha. i-CPTP [FLT] i-oct:3] i-meterm'eters , ne-octives synet [FFFoct:]'erlet] e-meternerleactive [fFFFFoctal] evelele evelele ephakeme.]

Ubuchwepheshe be-PPPP busezimalini ezikhanga izindleko zokuncintisana lapho kuvikelwa abakhokhi bentela ezintengantengweni. Ivame ukubukeza iziqondiso zemali kanye nokukhipha izikebhe zokuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye yomuntu siqu isengozini yangempela kunokuba imane isuse izindleko ezihlelwayo ezibhakabhakeni zesikhathi esizayo.

Amaphakethe Asemqoka Namabhande Okusekela Izakhiwo

Emikhankasweni enezinzuzo ezinkulu zezomnotho kodwa ethatha isikhathi eside, cishe njengendlela engcono yesifunda engakhokha imali ebolekiswayo nge- yase-Australia Nyakatho Ifrastructive Faciality (NAIFF) noma [[FLT]] i-Gracte Energy Energy Energy Genetic Corporation (CEFC). Lemali eboletwayo ithwala inzalo engaphansi kwezinga lentengiso zezentengiselwano, inciphisa umthwalo wezimali emikhampalweni yemisebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isekela ukuvalwa kwezibophotho zezentengo zeze yezemisebenzi, okuvumela ukuba imali enkulu nezimali zezezemisebenzi ephansi, eziphansi kakhulu.

Ababhakishi Abakhokhelwayo Nezimali Zokuncintisana

I-Treasurer futhi inikeza izinhlelo zokuncintisana ngokwezimali lapho imibuso ifuna khona izivumelwano ezisekelwe ekuhlelekeni komsebenzi. Umthetho Osheshayo-Track Program kanye ne-[FLT]Urban Congesition Fund [ iyizibonelo lapho izinhlelo ze-oralstings ezibonisa umklamo omusha, ukuthathiswa kwezemboni yendawo, nokulondolozwa kwendawo. Lokhu kukhuthaza ukulungiselela izindaba zebhizinisi eziqinile nokusheshisa imishini yezemisebenzi yezentengiselwano.

Imisebenzi Emikhulu Yerail Nemigwaqo: ISigelekeqe Sezimali

Ngezansi kunezibonelo eziyinhloko ezihlanganisa umzila nojantshi, ezibonisa indlela izinqumo ezisekelwe ekuxhaseni imali eziphumela ngayo emiphumeleni esobala.

I - inland Rail (IMelbourne Eya EBrisbane)

E-land Rail imelela enye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yezentengiselwano zempahla ezweni − i-a1,700 yebanga elihloselwe ukuthutha impahla emgwaqweni ngesitimela futhi inciphise izikhathi zokuhamba phakathi kwamadolobha amabili amakhulu ase-Australia. I-Othermeter iye yenza imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-9 zemali eqondile, isekelwe ngeminikelo yezentengiselwano neyamazwe. Ukuhlolwa kwezentengiselwano yezentengiselwano, kuholwa izazi zezezimali zezezimali zezezimali zezezimali, kuqokonyiswe izindleko ezincishiwe ze-raliv, incishishishiselwano yecarbon ngesilinganiso se-injini yempahla, nokuncishiswa kwezindawo. Ukwe njalo nge-[FLT] ukuphathwa kwezentengiselwano ye-FiFonactal Agement Agement (IPLAN)[FLA:1] kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Ralill ehleliwe ngokomthetho.

Bruce Umgwaqo Ophakeme Uthuthukisa Uhlelo

I-Bruce Highway, i-arterial ehlanganisa iBrisbane ne-Cairns, iye yathola ukutshala imali okuqhubekayo ngaphansi kobudlelwane obudala phakathi koHulumeni weCommonwealth noweQueensland. Izimali zinikezela cishe izigidi ezingu-R95 ngonyaka ngaphansi kweminyaka engu-15, isibopho samaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-20. Ukuxhasa imali kuhlelwa njengenhlanganisela yemali enikezwayo kanye nemali esekelwe ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha nokukhushulelwa. Indima yeNdawo yezimali ihlanganisa ukugada, ukuhlanganisa ukusebenza kwesakhiwo, kanye nezindawo ezihlelwa ngokusabela ekuvuleni izinto ezizakhelwe phambili njengesikhukhula nokwanda kwabantu ezindaweni ezise-SuneseCoushine Coast Coast.

Izifundo Zerail Ezisheshayo Nokuhlela

Nakuba ingeke yakhiwe, i-Mooral ixhase izifundo eziningi zokuhlola ukuhlangana kwe-Brisbane, Sydney, Canberra, ne Melbourne. Lokhu kuhlola “‘ okubiza izindleko ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 [R950], ukuphumelela kwezomnotho, kanye nemishini exhasa imali esukela kumsebenzisi kuya ezibophweni ezibambene nohulumeni. Ukuhlola kwezemali kuyazisa i- i-SELE HEAISTIL AUTY[[, yakhiwa ngo-2022], futhi yabekwa njenge-accounter yesikhathi esizayo yokusebenzisa imali eshicile kakhulu. Nakuba ukwakha ixhomeke ekuhleleni imali egcwele ezinhleni nasemfundweni yezombangazwe, umsebenzi we-Cal ugcina ukukhetha kuphila lapho kuhamba izwe.

Imisebenzi Emikhulu Yomgwaqo: INyakatho Connex NeWest Connex

Emizileni yezakhiwo yasedolobheni, amaPPP abusa. I-PPP i-Cyrônix eSydney Sydney @a i-9 km yasemhubheni wamakhilomitha(i-imali) yaxhaswa ngemali nge-PPPP eyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3, lapho indima yeNdawo ehilela ukuhlelwa kwezakhiwo, ukuvunyelwa kwemali ebekelwe izindleko, nokugada izimali zemali ezikhokhwayo. Ngokufanayo, i-West Connex, enye yemisebenzi emikhulu yase-Australia enezindleko ezinkulu zemali ezilinganiselwa ku-R1,8 000 000 000 000 000 (R3,8 000 000 000 000 000), ukukhokha), nokungamelelwa kwemali yemali yentela.

Izindawo Ezinemisebe Nezokuthutha

Izimali futhi zikhona eBrisbane kodwa zinamandla, njenge- Armdale eSydney Rail Upgrade kanye Cross River Rail eBrisbane. I-cross. I-Cross River Rail, i-all-mfort yocingo olumba amakhilomitha angu-10 nesiteshibhisi esisha, ithathe u-R1, ngokuqinisekisa icala lezebhizinisi nenani elibiza imali eshicilelweyo. Lemisebenzi ibonakalisa ukunaka kwe-Mongosi yeze-Briston kusenzeka kokubili idolobha ne-equatton, iqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zokuxhasa izimali zisiza ukunqanda umsebenzi wezentengo ezindaweni ezinkulu.

Ithonya Lezimali Nezenhlalo Lokusekela Izimali

Isimiso sezimali esisetshenziswa yi - Australian Treasurer asisona isiphetho ngokwaso; siyithuluzi lokufinyelela izinjongo ezinkulu zezomnotho nezezenhlalo.

Ukusetshenziswa Kwemisebenzi Nokusetshenziswa Kwezemboni Endaweni

Umsebenzi omkhulu ngamunye udala izinkulungwane zemisebenzi yokwakha kanye nezinye izindima ezingaqondile ekunikezeleni amaketanga. I-Moole idinga imisebenzi yokuhlanganisa Imisebenzi yezemboni yendawo ehlangeneyo Udwebo lwezemishini , iqaphela ukuthi ipesenti lezivumelwano liya emabhizinisini ase-Australia. Ngokwesibonelo, iprojekthi yase-Inland Rail ilindeleke ukuba isekele isilinganiso semisebenzi engu-2,400 ngonyaka phakathi nokwakhiwa, ngokuthanda okukhulu izinto ezithathwe ezimbonini zensimbi nasemikhiqini yokhonkolo yase-Australia. Imboni yezentengiselwano engoko isikisela ukuthi isamba ngasinye esithengwayo sezigidi eziyizigidi eziyinkulungwane ezingu-R1 000 (R1 000) semali engenisa isikhathi esiphelele esilingana nezomnotho.

Ukukhiqiza Kuzuza Ngenxa Yokwehla Kwezinhloso

Izimiso ezingcono zomgwaqo nesitimela zinciphisa izikhathi zokuhamba, izindleko eziphansi zempahla, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nemisebenzi. Ukuhlolwa kweTreasue e- uHighway Upgrade kwathola ukuthi ukugcinwa kwesikhathi kungalingana nenani lemali eliyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-R3 (R1 000) enani lemali yemali ekhona manje. Izinzuzo ezifanayo zisebenza emikhankambini yesitimela yasedolobheni lapho ukuminyana okuncishiselwe kuyo kuphumela emahoreni anciphile, ekusebenziseni amafutha aphansi, nasekuthuthukiseni izinga lomoya. Izindleko zemali ezibizayo zihlanganisa ngokucacile lemivuzo yezenhlalo, iqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo zokuxhasa inzuzo yezentengo yezentengo.

Ukuhlangana Kwesifunda Nokubambisana Kwezenhlalo

Imisebenzi yokwakha i-Fracturactive inkimbini enkulu yezenhlalo, ikakhulukazi yemiphakathi ekude nesifunda. I-Money’s Treasurence ye-Australia iNgxowa yeNguquko yesifunda ye- kanye no-[FLT] Ukwakha izifunda Ezingcono Imali [[[[FLT]] izakhiwo ezinikeza izimali ngokukhethekile ekufezeni imisebenzi yokuzihlukanisa. Njengesibonelo, ukuthuthukisa [[FLT:] i-Earbacky [ [1] [1] [1] Iphasishishini lomgwaqo esuka eWintonton e-Queenslandsland eWestern Australia] ukuya e-Australia . Iqinisekisa ukuthi imisebenzi enjalo ihlangana nemisebenzi ehambisana nenzuzo yezentengo engokwezentengo.

Izinselele Nokucabangela Okufanele

Naphezu kwempumelelo yayo, iNondyebo ibhekene nezinselele eziphikelelayo zokusekela isisekelo sezimali. Ukunqanda lemingcele kubalulekile ekuqondeni izimpikiswano zamanje.

Izimo Zokusetshenziswa Kwemali Nezikweletu

Isikweleti senetha lase-Australia siye sakhula kakhulu ngokulandela izinyathelo ze-COVID-19, sifaka ukucindezela ekusetshenzisweni kwezakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo. I-Othermeter kumele ilinganisele isidingo semisebenzi emisha nesidingo sokulondoloza i-fiscal ethembekile. Lokhu kucindezeleka kuye kwaholela ekusebenziseni izimali ngokuphindwe kaningi, ukuncishiselwa kakhulu kwePPPP, nokusunduzwa kwemisebenzi eletha inzuzo yasekuqaleni yezezomnotho. I-International Report [ iqokomisa njalo ukuthi inzuzo esetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuba i-pane i-fiscal place, okusho ukuthi ezinye iziphano ziqiniswa noma zincishisiwe.

Ukuhlanganyela Kwendawo Ezungezile Nomphakathi

Imisebenzi yezesisekelo yanamuhla ibhekene nokuhlolwa okukhulu kwemiphumela yendawo ezungezile nokuhlola umphakathi. I-Mooral idinga abaxhasi bemisebenzi yokuqhuba i-Evironmental Impacts (EIS) futhi ihileleke ekuhloleni umphakathi. Nokho, isikhathi nezindleko zale nqubo zingabambezela umsebenzi wokuqala futhi ziqale futhi zifake imali ekhutshiwe. I-Union yemali ihlola izindlela zokuthola imvume ngaphandle kokuyekethisa izindinganiso, njengokuthatha [[FLT:] imiklamo eqinile [ yemisebenzi yokubaluleka kwesizwe. Ukulinganisela ngesivinini nezimiso zokuphatha indawo ezungezile kuhlala kuyinselele yenqubo eqhubekayo.

Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesivumelwano Sikahulumeni

Ukusekela izinqumo ngokuvamile kuhilela izingxoxo eziyinkimbinkimbi phakathi kohulumeni be-Commonwealth nohulumeni, ngamunye onezinto zakhe eziza kuqala nezilandelanayo zezombangazwe. I-Money isebenza njengomlamuleli, isebenzisa amandla ayo angokwezimali ukukhuthaza amazwe ukuba amukele izindinganiso zesizwe. Ngokwesibonelo, i-Rail Act PlanT Plan [ inyathelo le-National eliyi-Mooldspital] liyinyathelo elithathwa ngokuqhubekayo ekulimazeni izindinganiso zezimiso ze-ralite, inciphiso enciphisweni yemicikilisho. Nokho, ukuhluleka kokwenza ukubambisana kungaholela ekubekeni ngaphansi kwempahla ephansi noma ukulibala, njengoba kubonakala kwezinye izingozi lapho zingabekiwe kahle. Inkampani ilungisa izivumelwano zayo ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubusa.

Izigwebo Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuvuselelwa, Ukuzinza, Nombhobho Oshintshayo

Ibheka phambili, i - Australian Treasury ivumelanisa imiklamo yayo esekela imali ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuneko zobuchwepheshe, isimo sezulu, nokushintsha kwenani labantu.

Ukuhlelwa Kohlaza Okuluhlaza Nembobo

I-Moondre ihlola ngokuqhubekayo imisebenzi ngelens yemigomo yenetha lase-Australia. I-Raillectriation, i-carbon ephansi esetshenziswayo ekwakheni umgwaqo, futhi izimiso zokuthutha zomphakathi ezihlangeneyo zithola isisindo esikhulu ekuhloleni imali. [ i-National Conconficiation Fund[ kanye ne [FLT:] i-Relitancingfaniclicity Facial [ imathuluzi amashantime amisha amashadi okusekela inzuzo ezinto eziluhlaza. Isibonelo, [[FLT:] [[FLT]] STY Metrolsercessioner [FLD]] [FFLD]] umugqa we-Wester Serventier [FFFFFFoct:]]]]

Ubuchwepheshe Nokushintsha Kwezinqubo Zamanani

Izakhiwo ezihlakaniphile − njengezimiso zokuthutha ezihlakaniphile, ukuhlinza okuzenzekelayo, nokuzilungisa ngokungaphambili kuphumelela ukuphumelela kokuzigcina. Impahla isekela abashayeli be-'FLT:0] abaxhunyiwe [ ubuchwepheshe bemisebenzi emikhulu, ukuvumela ukudambisa imfucumfucu nokuphathwa kwempahla engcono. Izakhiwo zesikhathi esizayo zingadinga imisebenzi yokubonisa ukuvuthwa kwemisebe ye-athomu njengesimo sokuvunyelwa.

Ukwandisa Umbhobho Oyindilinga

I-pane yezesisekelo ye-Moota yeminyaka eyishumi, evuselelwe emalini yokuhlela ehlangene, manje ihlanganisa i-R22 biliyoni [R1] yezigidi zezigidi zezigidi [R1] ekutshaleni. Imisebenzi elandelayo ihlanganisa i- Ijubane elikhulu i-Rail Phase 1 (Sydney ukuya e-Newcastle)[, ukunyuselwa kakhulu ku-[[FLT] u-National Wetworky [[FLD]] [[FLT:]] [FLT] [3], kanye ne-Brisbane entsha eSun Coast Railgrade [[FLT] ngaphandle kwenterst.[FLD].[FFLD] [FFLD] [7] [indect:], lapho kukhuphulwa khona iziteshici ezingaphezulu]

Isiphetho

Ukuhileleka kwe-Eslyn yezimali ekuxhaseni imisebenzi yezezisekelo zezwe enjengesitimela nemigwaqo kujulile futhi kuphumele phambili. Ngokuxubana okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezipho, iPPPP, imali ebolekiwe, nokuncintisana kwezimali, kuye kwenza ukuba kwakhiwe impahla eshintshayo eshukumisa ukukhula kwezomnotho, ukuhlanganisa imiphakathi, nokuthuthukisa izinga lokuphila. Nakuba izinselele zokusetshenziswa kwemali, ukuphatha indawo ezungezile, kanye nokubambisana kwemithetho ehlangene kuqhubekela phambili, iNdawo yezimali zayo ukuze ihlangabezane nezimfuno zezwe elishintshayo. Njengoba i-Australia iqala egatsheni elilandelayo lezentengosi yezentengo yemali yezemali, imboni yemali yezwe iyakuhlala ikhona ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi wonke amanani emalini ukuze kuzuze umphakathi.

Ukuze uthole ukwaziswa okwengeziwe ngohlelo lwezesisekelo se-Australian Treasurer, vakashela i-PPPl line ye-[FLT] ye-PPP kanye [[FLT] ukwakhiwa kwe-Australia[.