Isingeniso: Isizathu Sokuqonda Intela Okubalulekile

Unyaka ngamunye, izigidi zabantu namabhizinisi zilawula ukuthobela intela okuyinkimbinkimbi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumfundi othola isheke lakho lokuqala lentela, intethelelo ekhululekile, noma umnini-mabhizinisi omncane, oqaphela izisekelo zentela zibalulekile ukuze uqinise izimali nokuthobela umthetho. Intela iyakukuhlomisela ukukhokhela izinkonzo zomphakathi ezikhokhelwayo ezibucayi mayelana nentela. ("kusukela emigwaqweni nasezikoleni zokunakekela intela) kuya empilweni nakuvikeleni yombuso) kodwa futhi bamelela isibopho esibalulekile sezimali. Ukungakhokhi intela yakho kungaholela ekujezisisweni, inzalo, noma ngisho nenkathazo engokomthetho. Lesiqondiso esibanzi sizokuhlomisela ulwazi lwesisekelo sokuqonda izibopho zakho zentela, unciphise intela ngezindlela ezingokomthetho, futhi ugweme imigibe ekhokhwasweni evamile.

Iyini Intela Futhi Kungani Siyikhokha?

Ngamafuphi, intela iyiminikelo yezimali ephoqelelwe uhulumeni ayibeka kubantu ngabanye, ezinkampanini, nasezintweni. Iwumthombo oyinhloko wenzuzo ohulumeni abakwazi ukunikeza izimpahla zomphakathi nezinkonzo. Ngaphandle kwentela, izakhiwo nezinkonzo esithembele kuzo nsuku zonke. Izindawo eziyinhloko ezixhaswa ngemali yentela zihlanganisa:

  • Izimiso zemfundo – kusukela ezikoleni zomphakathi kuya ezikoleni eziphakeme
  • Izinkonzo zokwelapha – kuhlanganise nezinhlelo zomphakathi zomshuwalense wempilo
  • Ukuphepha komphakathi — amaphoyisa, iminyango yomlilo, nokusabela ngokuphuthumayo
  • Imishini yokuhamba - neka — imigwaqo emikhulu, amabhuloho, izithuthi zomphakathi, nezikhumulo zezindiza
  • Isivikelo nokulondeka kwesizwe
  • Amanetha okuphepha omphakathi – izinzuzo zokungasebenzi, usizo lokudla, nokulondeka Komphakathi

Intela ingakhokhwa emazingeni kahulumeni, kazwelonke, nawendawo, futhi imithetho eqondile iyahluka kuye ngokuthi uhlalaphi noma usebenzaphi. Ukuqonda injongo [[FLT: 0] yentela [ kukusiza ukuba uqaphele ukuthi kungani ukuthobela kungeyona nje isibopho esingokomthetho kodwa umnikelo ongokomthetho.

Izinhlobo Zentela Ungahlangana Nazo

Nansi indlela ejwayelekile ongathola ngayo umnini webhizinisi noma umuntu ngamunye.

Intela

Intela ehlawulwayo intela ehholo ehholo lisuka emsebenzini, emsebenzini, ekusebenzeni, ekutshaleni izimali, nakwezinye imithombo. E-United States, isimiso sentela yeholo kahulumeni sithuthuka, okusho ukuthi iholo eliphezulu likhokhwa ngesilinganiso esiphakeme. Izifunda eziningi ziphoqa intela yazo siqu yeholo, nakuba amazwe ambalwa (njengeTexas neFlorida) engenayo intela kahulumeni. [[FLT: 0] umqondo oyinhloko: Iholo lakho elikhokhelwayo iyingqikithi yemali ehholweni yakho yokuhliswa izindleko ezikwe nakwenqanyulwayo, nesilinganiso oxhomeke kuso esimweni sakho sokukhokha intela.

Ukuthengisa Intela

Intela ekhokhwayo intela ekhokhwa ngokuthengiswa kwezimpahla nezinkonzo, ngokuvamile eqoqwa umthengisi lapho edayisa. Izinga liyahlukahluka ngokwesifundazwe nangedolobha noma ngisho nangesifundazwe. Ezinye zikhipha intela yezinto ezibalulekile njengokuthengwa noma imilaliso egunyaziwe. ] Intela ekhutshazwayo: i-ONTS engase ithengiswe, ikakhulukazi kusukela ku-Dakota ye-South Dakota v. Wayfair Isinqumo esiphezulu seNkantolo sivumele ukubiza intela ngaphandle kwezentengiso.

Intela Yempahla

Intela yempahla iwubuqhawe obusekelwe entengoni yempahla, indawo yezindawo ezivame kakhulu. Ohulumeni bendawo (amazwe, omasipala, izifunda zezindawo) intela yempahla ye-levy ukuze kuxhaswe izinkonzo zendawo. Intela isetshenziswa entengo ehlolwayo yempahla yakho, engase ibuyiselwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Abaninikhaya bangasusa izintela zempahla ngokubuyela kwabo entela, ngokulandela imingcele.

Intela Yomthetho

Izinkampani zikhokha intela ngenzuzo yazo. Izinga lentela yenkampani e-U.S. liyisicaba esingu-21% njengoMthetho we-Taxis Cuts no-Jobs ka-2017. Izifunda eziningi ziphoqa futhi intela yemali yenkampani. Uma uqhuba ibhizinisi njengempoqo yenkampani, i-authority, noma i-Scorporation, iholo lakho likhokhelwa intela yakho ngokwemali yakho ehhalalayo (ukudlula emholweni wentela).

Inhloko - dolobha Ithola Intela

Uma uthengisa inzuzo engaphezu kweyokukhokha (inzuzo enkulu), ungakhokha intela yezimali. Lokhu kusebenza emangotsheni, emasimini, emapulazini, nakwezinye izimali zokutshala imali. Inzuzo yezezimali zesikhashana (izilinganiso zesikhathi esifushane ezibanjwe unyaka owodwa noma ngaphansi) ikhokhwa njengemali evamile, kuyilapho isikhathi eside sizuza emazingeni aphansi (0%, 15%, noma 20% kuye ngemali oyitholayo). Ukungavumelani: [impahla engaphezulu konyaka [inani]] inganciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukukhokhwa kwentela kwakho.

Ukukhokha Intela

Intela yokukhokha incishiswa eholweni lezisebenzi ukuze kuxhaswe i-social Security and Medicare. Abaqashi bakhokhela isilinganiso esilinganayo. Uma usebenza wedwa, unomthwalo wemfanelo wakho kokubili izingxenye zomsebenzi nomqashi (intela yokuzisebenzela). Ukuqonda intela yemali ebhaliswayo kubalulekile ekuhleleni imali yakho yenethiwekhi ngokufanele.

Ukukhokha Intela Eyize

Izintela zokukhokha imali zikhokhwa ngezimpahla ezithile ezinjengophethiloli, utshwala, ugwayi, namathikithi ezindiza.

Indlela Intela Eqoqwa Ngayo: Imishini Eyinhloko

Inqubo yokuqoqa intela iyahluka kuye ngohlobo lwentela kanye nomthombo weholo lakho. Nazi izindlela eziyinhloko:

Ukugodla

Kuzisebenzi eziningi, intela ekhokhelwayo iqoqwa ngokugodla. Umqashi wakho ubala intela elinganiselwayo esekelwe emotweni yakho W-4 futhi ayikhiphe kusheke ngalinye lemali, ithumele imali ngokuqondile kuhulumeni. Lesimiso sisiza abakhokhi bentela ukuba bahlangabezane nezibopho zabo kancane kancane phakathi nonyaka. [ ILUNGQISWE:[ Hlola intela yakho W-4 noma nini isimo sakho siqu sishintsha (umshado, ukuzalwa komntwana, okwesibili) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imali efanelekile iyavinjwa.

Isilinganiso Sokubhatalwa Ngezikhathi Zonyaka

Uma uzisebenzela, usebenza ngesihle, noma umakhi ozimele, awuyitholi intela egodliwe. Kunalokho, kumelwe ubeke intela elinganiselwa kane ngonyaka (April, June, September, noJanuary wonyaka olandelayo). Ukwehluleka ukukhokha imali eyanele ngonyaka wonke kungaphumela ezijezisweni, ngisho noma ungazinzisa ngokugcwele ngenkathi ka-April.

Ukuqoqa Intela

Abathengisi banomthwalo wokuqoqa intela yentela yezohwebo ngesilinganiso sokudayiswa nokuthunyelwa kweziphathimandla ezifanele. Emabhizinisini, lokhu kudinga ukulandelelwa ngokucophelela amanani asebenzayo nokukhokhela intela yezikhathi ezithile. Uma uthenga nge - Internet, abathengisi abaningi bavele bakhokhe intela yokuthengisa esekelwe ekhelini lakho lezokuthumela.

Ukuqoqwa Kwentela Yempahla

Izintela zempahla zikhokhwa ngokuqondile kumthelisi wendawo, njengemali yesigaxa saminyaka yonke noma ngesigaxa (kaningi kaningi). Ababoleki bempahla abaningi baqoqa izintela zempahla njengengxenye yenkokhelo yakho yanyanga yonke futhi bakhokhele igunya lokukhokha intela ngawe.

Ukugcwalisa Intela Yakho: Isiqondiso Esilandelanayo

Ukubuyisela intela yindlela engokomthetho yokubika iholo lakho, izikweleti, nezikweletu kuhulumeni. Inkathi yokubuya kukahulumeni eUnited States iwuhlelo oluvamile April 15[ (noma usuku olulandelayo lwebhizinisi uma ifika ngempelasonto noma ngeholide). Nakhu ukulandelela:

1. Butha Umnikeli Wakho

Gcina zonke izitatimende zeholo namarekhodi ezindleko ezingakhokhelwa. Izindlela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

  • W-2 – kubaqashi (iholo nezintela ezigodlelwe)
  • -neC – kumsebenzi we-frencance noma wesivumelwano
  • -1099-INT – kwinzalo yebhange
  • [[UMTH:0]1099-div – kususwe imivuzo
  • Izindleko ezinciphizayo zezindleko ezilula (zezokwelapha, zokusiza abaswele, zebhizinisi)
  • [[IYO] Inzalo yemali [ (Iyango-1098)
  • Inzalo yemali ebolekiwe [

Khetha indlela yokudlala ehlekisayo

Unezinketho ezimbalwa:

  • Uzenza ngokwakho [ usebenzisa i-IRS Free File (kuhlenga-hlengisa iholo elingaphansi kuka-$73,000) noma amafomu agcwalisekayo akhululekile
  • [[I-FLT:0] Sebenzisa isoftware yentela[ njenge-TurboTax, H&R Block, noma i-Taxier - laye ekuqondisa ngenqubo uhlole amaphutha
  • U-integer (CPA) oqinisekisiwe noma i-arhente ebhalisile – kutuswa uma unemali eyinkimbinkimbi yokutshala imali noma inzuzo yebhizinisi
  • [ Sebenzisa usizo lwenkokhelo lwevolontiya (VITA) indawo - isiza mahhala kubathelisi abakhokhelwa abaphansi abathola imali elinganayo

3. Helisa Ukubuya Kwakho Ngokunembile

Khuluma yonke inzuzo evela kuyo yonke imithombo. Ngisho noma ungatholi ifomu lomsebenzi ongaphandle (umz., ipesenti lemali noma amagigigi ancinyayo), kuyadingeka ukuba uyibike ngokomthetho. Sebenzisa isimo esilungile sokuhlela (ungashadile, ushadile, ungenamfashini, uhamba ngokwehlukana, uyinhloko yekhaya, noma u- mfelokazi (umngane).

4. Zithobe Ukhokhe Noma Ikuphi Ukulinganisela Okufanele

I-E-hele iyindlela ephephile neshesha kakhulu. Ungathumela futhi ukubuyisa iphepha, kodwa ukulungisa akusheshi. Uma ubophe intela, kumelwe ukhokhe ngesikhathi esimisiwe. Izinketho zihlanganisa ukuhoxa kwemali ye-electronic, ukukhipha isikweleti, i-check, noma uhlelo lwemali. Uma ungakwazi ukukhokha ngokugcwele, ucela isivumelwano esisemthethweni noma ukucela ukuhlehliswa; ukuhlanganisa i-odoculo (For 4868) kukunikeza izinyanga eziyisithupha zokukhokha ifayile kodwa ungakhokhi – inzalo nesijeziso esisakhokhelwayo.

5. Umbuso wefayela nokubuya kwendawo

Izifunda eziningi zidinga ukukhokha intela ehlukene yemali kahulumeni. Amanye amadolobha (isib., iDolobha laseNew York, iDenver) aphinde abeke intela yendawo.

Ukuqonda Izinzuzo Nezikweletu: Dweba Intela Yakho

Amathuluzi amabili anamandla anganciphisa ikweletu: izikweleti zinciphisa imali yakho ekhokhelwayo, kuyilapho izikweleti zinciphisa intela yemali ekhokhayo. Ukwazi umehluko nokuyisebenzisa kubalulekile.

Ukuchazwa Kwalezi Ziphuzo

I-acessi isusa inombolo ecacile yemali yakho elungisiwe (AGI), kanjalo inciphisa iholo lentela. Unezinto ezimbili okhetha kuzo:

  • Izikweleti ezingafanele: Imali emisiwe esekelwe esimweni sakho sokugcina ifashoni (R1,50 kumafayela afanayo ngo-2023, U-R27,700 ngemibhangqwana eshadile eqoqayo). Abakhokhi abaningi bathatha i-athonsi elivamile ngoba ilula futhi inkulu kune-oficist.
  • Uhlela izindleko ezifanele njengenzalo yendlu, intela yendawo (SALT) ifinyelela ku-R1 000, iminikelo yokusiza, nezindleko zezokwelapha ezingaphezu kuka-7,5% ye-AGI. Ukuhlela kunengqondo uma ingqikithi yezindleko zakho idlula intengo esele.

Izindleko ezivamile zihlanganisa:

  • Isithakazelo sabantwana ekhaya eliyinhloko noma elesibini
  • Inzalo ebolekiwe yabafundi (ifinyelela ku - R2 500)
  • Izindleko zomshuwalense wempilo ozisebenzayo
  • Iminikelo Yama - IRA Neyokusindisa Impilo Engokwesiko (HS SE)
  • Izindleko zamabhizinisi zabantu abasebenza bona

Izikweleti Zentela: Izinxephezelo Eziyigugu Kunazo Zonke

Imali yokukhokha intela inciphisa ngokuqondile isikweleti onesikweleti. Izikweleti zingaba ezingakhokhwa (uthola okungaphezulu njenge-reftise uma ityala lentela lidlula intela yakho) noma [ engakholeki[ [ingangokunciphisa kuphela intela yakho ibe yizero). Isihluthulelo sihlanganisa:

  • [ Imali ehlawulwayo yokukhokha intela (ETC): Ilungelo elibolekiwe lezisebenzi ezihhayishwayo eziphansi. Imali ixhomeke emalini oyiholweni yakho nasenanini lezingane ezifanele.
  • [ Ityala lentela yezingane (CTC): Kuphezulu ku $2,000 kumntwana ngamunye ofaneleka engaphansi kweminyaka engu-17 (ngokungalinganisi imali engafinyelela ku-R1,000).
  • [ American Opportunity Tax Creding (AOTC): Kufinyelela ku $2,500 kumfundi ngamunye ngezindleko zemfundo ezifanelekayo, ezingaphinde zisetshenziswe ngokwengxenye.
  • Ithuba Lokufunda Imali: Alivuleki, lifinyelela ku $2,000 (R1,50) kulokhu kubuya ngemuva kwemfundo yesenethi.
  • [[[Inani:0] Ukubuyisela Imali Yokugcina Iminikelo Ityala (Imali Yokugcina):[[[FTL:1] kubantu abathola imali ephansi abanikela ngama-akhawunti omhlalaphansi.

Inyathelo lokuhlola ukuboleka phambi kokuhlela, ngoba eziningi ziphuthelwa unyaka ngamunye.

Amaphutha Entela Avamile Nendlela Yokuwagwema

Ngisho nabathuthi bamafayela abanolwazi benza amaphutha. Nazi izingibe ezivame kakhulu nendlela yokuzigwema:

  • Kuyaphumelela ukubika yonke iholo: I-IRS ithola amakhophi akho kaW-2 no-1099s. Uma ushiya umsebenzi ongaphandle, cishe uyothola isaziso. Gcina amarekhodi acophelelayo.
  • Ngokunembile ufuna izikweleti ezithengisiwe noma izikweletu: ngokwesibonelo, uma ubiza iEITC uma ungahlangani nendawo yokuhlala noma iholo kungaholela ekuhloleni izibalo. Sebenzisa i-software yentela noma uchwepheshe wokuhlola kabili.
  • Ukuhlela isikhathi sokugcina: Ngisho noma ungakwazi ukukhokha, ihele ngesikhathi (noma ifakela ukwandisa). Izijeziso zamuva zenhlolo: 5% yentela engakhokhelwanga ngenyanga, ingafinyelela ku 25%.
  • [ Awugcini amarekhodi afanele: Gcina amalishi, izitatimende zebhange, kanye nama-ayisensi entela iminyaka emithathu (inde yendlu noma intengo enkulu). I-IRS ingabala iminyaka eyisithupha uma ungawabikanga nge 25% noma ngaphezulu.
  • Ukusayina phambi kokwenza ama-sescreding: Amaphutha ezibalo, izinombolo ze-akhawunti ye-social Security, noma izinombolo zebhanki ezingalungile ze-redunds zinganqikaza ukuthunyelwa.
  • Intela kahulumeni eqashelwayo: Abantu abaningi bagxila kuphela ezimpindelweni zikahulumeni futhi bakhohlwe izimfuneko zikahulumeni. Izwe lingase libe nezikhathi ezihlukene ezimisiwe nemithetho.

Ukuhlelwa Kwentela Kuyimigunyathi Yekusasa Elihlakaniphile

Ukuhlela ukukhokha intela kungakusiza ukuba ugcine imali yakho enzima onyakeni wonke kunokuba uthathe isinyathelo ngokuhlela isikhathi. Cabangela lamacebo:

  • Iminikelo yomhlalaphansi eyandisiwe: Iminikelo ku- 401(k) noma IRA inciphisa iholo lakho elikhokhelwayo. Ngo-2023, unganikela ku-R2,500 ku-401(k) (R2,50) (R1,50) uma uneminyaka engu-50) kanye no-666,500 ku-IRA (R3,000 uma u-50).
  • Sebenzisa ama-akhawunti empilo (HSAS): Uma unecebo lempilo elingcono kakhulu, iHSA inikeza izinzuzo zentela eziphindwe kathathu: iminikelo ingaphambi kwentela, ukukhula akunantela, futhi izikweleti ezincishisiwe zezindleko zokwelapha azikho intela.
  • Intengo elahlekile: Uma unemali eshicilelwe enciphile, cabangela ukuyidayisa ukuze inciphe inzuzo yemali eshisiwe. Ukulahlekelwa kwamanetha angu-$3,000 kunganciphisa iholo elivamile.
  • [ Inye intela elinganiselwayo: Uma usebenza wedwa, bekela eceleni ingxenye yenkokhelo ngayinye phakathi nonyaka ukuze ugweme isikweleti esikhulu sika-April nesijeziso esiphansi.
  • [ Bheka ukuthi ugodlelana izenzakalo zokuphila ezinjengokushada, isehlukaniso, noma umsebenzi omusha ungashintsha isimo sakho sentela. Gqalisa i-W-4 nomqashi wakho phakathi nezinsuku eziyishumi.

Imithombo Yengcebo Namathuluzi Osizo Lwentela

Ukukhokha izintela akudingeki kube uhambo olulula.

Isiphetho: Ukwakha Intela

Ukuqonda izibopho zakho zentela akukhona nje ukugwema izijeziso", kuyisisekelo sokuphatha kahle imali. Ngokufunda izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zentela, indlela eziqoqwa ngayo, nendlela yokunciphisa ngokomthetho umthwalo wakho ngentengo nangemali, ulawula ikusasa lakho lezimali. Ukulungisa ngokunembile nangesikhathi, nokuhlela kusengaphambili, nokusebenzisa izimali ezikhona kuyokwenza isikhathi sokukhokha sicindezeleke kakhulu futhi kungabi lula. Khumbula, imithetho yentela ishintsha njalo; ukuhlala utshelwe iziphathimandla futhi uthembele kuwe kuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala uthembekile futhi ufeza imiphumela yakho. Qala namuhla ngokubukeza imiphumela yakho yamanje ngokuzibambisisa, ukuhlela imibhalo yakho, nokuhlola izikweleti zemali ongase uzenze zifanele. Imali yakho yesikhathi esizayo, futhi uzobonga.