Ukuqonda Ukuba Yizakhamuzi Ezisemthethweni

Umqondo wokuzivumelanisa ngokomthetho ubusa cishe zonke izici zokuphila komphakathi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ufaka ifomu lokuvota, uphishekela isikhundla esikhethiwe, noma usebenzisa inzuzo kahulumeni, iziqondiso ezingokomthetho ezithile zinquma ukuthi ungahlanganyela noma uthole ithuba. Lezi zinqumo zikhona ukuze uvikele ubuqotho bezinqubo zentando yeningi, uqinisekisa ukusakazwa okuphelele kwemithombo yomphakathi, futhi ulondoloze ukuthenjwa komphakathi ezinhlanganweni. Kubantu, ukwazi ukuthi lezi zimfuneko akuyona nje indaba yokuthola usizo, kuyisibopho. Lesiqondiso sinikeza ukubheka okubanzi emakhelini avamile angokomthetho, indlela abahluka ngayo ngegunya, nezinyathelo ongathatha ukuze uqinisekise ukuma kwakho siqu.

Imithetho esemthethweni ivame ukufakwa emithethweni, emithethweni, nasezimisweni zokuphatha. Ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokulungisa umthetho, izinqumo zenkantolo, noma ukushintshwa kwenqubo yomphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, imfuneko eyasetshenziswa eminyakeni emihlanu edlule ingase ingabe isasebenza, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ihlelwe kabusha. Ukuhlala kunolwazi kudinga ukubukezwa kwemithombo engokomthetho engokomthetho ngezikhathi ezithile kunokuthembela kuphela emazwini omlomo noma ewulwazini oluphelelwe isikhathi. Ngaphansi kokuhlola izindawo eziningi lapho izakhamuzi zibhekene nezilingo ezingenakufezeka khona eUnited States, ngezimiso ezivame ukusebenza ezizweni eziningi zentando yeningi.

Ukugqama

Ukuqamba kuyisisekelo sentando yeningi yabameleli, kodwa akulona ilungelo elingenamibandela. I-oversi nganye ibeka iqoqo lezimfanelo okumelwe wonke umuntu avotele anelise. Nakuba izimpawu ezicacile zihlukahluka, izinhlelo zokuvota eziningi zihlukahluka ngezigaba ezinhlanu: ubudala, ubuzwe, ukuhlala, ukubhalisa, nokungabikho kwezici ezingakufanelekeli.

Izimfuneko Zobudala

Cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zase-U.S. namasimu, inkathi yokuvota engokomthetho ineminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ubudala ngenkathi yosuku lokhetho noma ngaphambi koSuku. Lenkathi imiswa yiSichibiyelo se 26 soMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S., esivimbela ukuphika ukuvota okusekelwe ebudaleni bezakhamuzi ezineminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili nanhlanu nangaphezulu. Ezinye izizwe zivumela 1786yers ukuba zivote kukhetho oluyinhloko uma ziyojika zaba yishumi nanhlanu ngokhetho oluvamile. Izakhamuzi kufanele ziqinisekise imithetho eqondile kazwe labo ngemithetho yokhetho [[[FLT:]] yesizwe noma noma [FLT].UM.UM.EFUR.[FLT]

Ukuba Izakhamuzi Nokuzivumelanisa Nendawo

Yizakhamuzi zase-U.S. kuphela ezifanelekela ukuvota okhethweni lukahulumeni. Izifunda eziningi zifuna futhi ukuba abavoti babe izakhamuzi zikahulumeni nasesifundeni lapho befaka khona i-collat. Ukuzivumela kuvame kusho ukuphila esifundeni ngenhloso yokusala, kodwa incazelo eqondile ingahlukahluka. Ngokwesibonelo, abafundi basekolishi bangakhetha ukuvota ekhelini labo lesikole noma ekhaya labo, uma nje behlangabezana nezimfuneko zokuhlala kuleyondawo. Abantu abangenamakhaya bangabhalisa ukuvota ngokusebenzisa ikheli lokukhosela noma incazelo yendawo yokuhlala kwabo njalo. Ubufakazi bobukhomayela ngokuvamile buhilela ilayisensi yomshayeli, isibambiso, isimende, noma enye incwadi esemthethweni ephethe igama nekheli lomvoti.

Ukubhalisa ngevoter

Ukubhalisa ukuvota kuyimfuneko esifundazweni ngasinye ngaphandle kweNyakatho Dakota. Izikhawu zokubhalisa zisukela ezinsukwini ezingu-30 ngaphambi kokubhalisa okuvunyelwe ngokwezinsuku ezingu-61 kwezinye izifundazwe. Izakhamuzi zingabhalisa i-intanethi, ngeposi, noma ngokomthetho ezinhlanganweni ezimisiwe. Izifundazwe eziningi zidinga inombolo yokuzichaza [ elinganayo , njengephepha-mvume lomshayeli noma inani le-social Security. I-National Voter Religiated Act ka 1993 ifuna ukuba amazwe anikeze amathuba okubhalisa emahhovisi ezimoto naseminyango yosizo yomphakathi.

Izimo Ezingefani: Ukukholelwa Kwesela Nokuhluleka Kwengqondo

Ingxenye ebalulekile yomthetho wokuvota ikhathalela ukuthi ubani ongayitholi. Izifunda eziningi zilahla abantu abadonsa isigwebo sokujezisa okwamanje, nakuba ubukhulu becala buhluka kakhulu. Ezinye zibuyisela amalungelo okuvota ngokuzenzakalelayo lapho kuqediwe isigwebo sejele, kuyilapho ezinye zidinga intethelelo engokomthetho noma inkathi yokulinda. Zimbalwa kuphela izifundazwe ezihlukanisa ngokungenasiphelo. Izakhamuzi ezinemibhalo yecala kufanele zihlole imithetho yesizwe yokubuyisela, ngokuvamile etholakala ku-[[FLT:] i-Liberties Union (ACLU) noma [FLT] i-National Convention of State of Octreals[Flatures].[FOLT]

Ngokuqondene nekhono lengqondo, inkantolo ingase inqume ukuthi umuntu akakwazi ukuvota, kodwa lokhu akuvamile futhi kumelwe kusekelwe ekufushanisweni okuthile okuqondile. Imibono evamile ngokugula ngengqondo ayikuvimbeli ukuvota. Noma ubani ongakabuswa ngokuqondile yinkantolo ulondoloza ilungelo lokuvota.

Ukuba Ngofanelekela Ihhovisi Lomphakathi

Ukufuna ihhovisi lomphakathi kuhilela ukuhlangabezana nezimiso eziqinile nezihlukene kakhulu kunokuvota. UMthetho-sisekelo wase-U.S. umisa izimfuneko ezicacile zamahhovisi kahulumeni, kuyilapho izifundazwe nezindawo zenezela imithetho yazo. Lezi zimfuneko zivikela ubuqotho benqubo yokukhetha futhi ziqinisekisa ukuthi abazobhapathizwa bahlobene ngokunenjongo nemisebenzi yabo.

Izimfuneko Zehhovisi Elizimele

profession: UMthetho-sisekelo ufuna umongameli abe isakhamuzi esingokwemvelo esizalwa ngezingane eziyizingane eziyizingane eziyisithupha, okungenani ezineminyaka engu-35 ubudala, futhi abe waseMelika iminyaka engu 14. Isichibiyeli sama-22 silinganisela umongameli kuma-galelo amabili akhethiwe.

U.S.G.Gabe : Ama-tenator kumelwe abe neminyaka engu-30 ubudala, isakhamuzi sase-U.S. iminyaka engu-9, futhi isakhamuzi sikahulumeni esimelela isikhathi sokukhetha.

U.Ndlu yabameleli: Abameleli kumelwe babe neminyaka engu 25 ubudala, isakhamuzi sase-U.S. okungenani iminyaka engu-7, futhi isakhamuzi sikahulumeni abamelelayo.

Lemithetho-sisekelo elinganiselwe ayinakushintshwa yizifundazwe, nakuba imibuso ingabeka izimfuneko ezengeziwe ezinjengokuhlala esifundeni sombuso. Amalungu kumelwe avumelane futhi nemithetho yezezimali kahulumeni kanye nezinkulumo zokwambula amafayela nge- Federal Evolution Commission (FEC)[FL:1].

Izimfuneko Zehhovisi Lendawo

Ukukwazi ukuthatha isikhundla sikahulumeni kuchazwa imithetho-mthetho-mthetho kazwelonke nezimiso. Izimfuneko ezivamile zihlanganisa iminyaka engaphansi (ngokuvamile engu-21 noma engu-25), indawo yokuhlala ngokwenkathi ethile ekhethekile (umz., iminyaka emihlanu kuya kwemihlanu), nezakhamuzi zase-U.S. amahhovisi endawo . . njengameya, umkhandlu wedolobha, noma ibhodi lesikole (ngokuvamile engu-2010) angenza abantu babhaliswe. Ezinye izindawo zifuna ukuba abazothatha imvume ezindaweni ezithile.

Izifunda eziningi futhi zino izimpawu zokusebenzisa” imithetho, edinga izikhulu ezihlezi phansi ukuba ziphume esikhundleni sazo samanje ngaphambi kokuba zifanelekele ukubhalisa elinye ihhovisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazofuna ukubhapathizwa ngokuvamile kuyafuneka ukuhambisa izicelo ngenombolo encane esemthethweni yokusayinwa kwabavoti ababhalisiweyo, kanye nenkokhelo yemali engalingana nezinkulungwane ezimbalwa zamadola.

Izici Ezingahlelekile Zehhovisi Lomphakathi

Imali engakhishwa ingafanele ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Ukukholeka kwecala kungavimbela othile ukuba athathe isikhundla, kungaba unomphela noma isikhathi esithile ngemva kokuqedwa kwesigwebo. Izingxabano zesithakazelo − njengokuthatha isivumelwano sikahulumeni esingenisa imali(-) kungamlulaza umuntu. Amanye amahhovisi anezimfuneko zokwethembeka ezicacile, futhi umuntu oye wavukela i-United States kungenzeka ukuthi akavunyelwe ngaphansi kweSiphendulo se-14. Amakhabethe kufanele abukeze imithetho yezimiso zezimiso zesizwe futhi afune iseluleko esingokomthetho uma enomlando wobugebengu noma umbango.

Izinkonzo Zikahulumeni Ezifinyelelayo

Izinkonzo zikahulumeni, kusukela ekusekeleni kwezempilo kuya ekusizeni ukudla, ngokuvamile zivela nezilinganiso eziqinile. Lemithetho iqinisekisa ukuthi imithombo yomphakathi elinganiselwe iqondiswe kulabo abayidinga kakhulu, kuyilapho futhi ivimbela ukukhwabanisa nokusetshenziswa kabi. Ukuqonda izimfuneko ezihloniphekayo zezinhlelo ezinkulu zikahulumeni kungasiza izakhamuzi ukuba ziqondise inqubo yokusebenza ngendlela ephumelelayo.

IMedicaid

I-Medicaid inikeza inzuzo yezempilo kubantu abaphansi kanye nemikhaya, kuhlanganise nezingane, abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abadala, nabantu abakhubazekile. Ukufakelwa okulungisiwe ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe [ku- emholweni olungisiwe (MAGI) ezindaweni eziningi, nakuba ezinye izifundazwe ziye zandisa iMedicaid ngaphansi kwe-Afford Carect yokunakekela abantu abadala abanokukhokha ngeholo elifinyelela ku-888% lesilinganiso sobumpofu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhamuzi noma abantu abangakufaneleki 769, kumelwe babe izakhamuzi, futhi kumelwe babe izakhamuzi. Umbiko udinga kakhulu ubufakazi bezentengo, inzuzo, nesikhundla sokufuduka. [FL:] [FF:]

Isimiso Sosizo Lokudla Esinezakhi (SNAP)

I-SNAP, eyaziwa kakhulu njengezitembu zokudla, isiza imikhaya engenisa imali encane ethenga ukudla. Ukungangeni kahle kuxhomeke ebukhulwini bendlu, eholweni, nasempahla. Iholo elishisiwe lanyanga zonke kumele libe ngaphansi kwamaphesenti angu-30 omphakathi wobumpofu, nakuba ezinye izifundazwe zinemingcele ephakeme. Abantu abadala abaningi abakwaziyo ukuhlala ngaphandle kwamalungu okuncintisana nabo kumelwe basebenze noma bahlanganyele esimisweni somsebenzi ukuze bathole izinzuzo zezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu enkathini engamashumi amathathu eminyaka. Abadlali kumelwe banikeze amanani okuphepha kwezenhlalo kuwo wonke amalungu ekhaya, ukugcinwa, ukugcinwa, nobufakazi bokuhlala.

Ukulondeka Komphakathi Nezinzuzo Zokungalondeki

Izinzuzo zomhlalaphansi we-Social Security zidinga isisebenzi ukuba sithole izikweleti zomsebenzi okungenani ezingu-40 (cishe iminyaka engu-10 yokusebenza) futhi sibe neminyaka engu-62 ubudala ngaphambi kwesikhathi somhlalaphansi, sineminyaka egcwele yomhlalaphansi esukela ku 66 kuya ku 67 kuye ngonyaka wokuzalwa. Ukulondeka kwe-Social Security Disability Insurectory (SDI) kudinga izikweleti ezanele zomsebenzi kanye nokukhubazeka kwezokwelapha okuvimbela ukuzuza okukhulu. Ukuthola inzuzo enkulu kwezentengiselwano (SS) kuyisimiso esisekelwe kukhubazekile, izimpumpumputhe, noma abantu abadala abaholayo abaholayo abaholayo abathola imali elinganiselwe kakhulu nempahla. [[FLT:] [SOclatection Administration (SA)] [FOct:1]

Usizo Lwezindlu

Imishini yokukhetha indawo yokuhlala ekhethwayo (Indawo 8) nezindlu zomphakathi zinikezwa yizinhlangano zomphakathi zendawo zezindlu (PH). Ukukholeka kusekelwe emalini eholweni, ebunini bomkhaya, nasebusweni besizwe. Ngokuvamile, iholo lendlu akumelwe lidlule ku-50% yemali eholwayo yendawo, okungenani 75% yalabo abaya emakhaya abathola imali engaphansi kwe 30% yemithombo yezindaba. Abahloli bezezimali babhekana nezinqumo zesizinda, futhi izinkolelo ezithile zobugebengu zingaphumela ekulahlekeni noma ekuqedeni usizo. U. U.S. Umnyango we-House of Howarst ne-Urbation (H) ulondoloza indawo yokuqondisa i-mthola-mfakela ye-PH.

Ezinye Izimo Ezivamile Ezingokomthetho

Inkonzo YaseJury

Izakhamuzi zase-U.S. ezineminyaka engu-18 nangaphezulu eziyizakhamuzi zasesifundazweni sokwahlulela unyaka owodwa ngokuvamile zifanelekela inkonzo yamajaji. Ukungaqiniseki kuhlanganisa no-66tizenshi, ukuquliswa kwecala (ngaphandle kokubuyiselwa kwamalungelo omphakathi), noma isimo sengqondo noma somzimba esenza kube nzima. Izinkantolo eziningi zivumela ukukhululwa kwezempi esebenzayo, izikhulu zomphakathi, nabantu abanobunzima obukhulu. Abaqondisi bakhethwa kakhulu kuhlu lwezincwadi [ nocingo lokubhalisa nocingo lomshayeli.

Umshini wokwenza umlilo

ISichibiyelo Sesibili siqinisekisa ilungelo lokugcina nokuphatha izikhali, kodwa umthetho kahulumeni ubeka imingcele eqinile ngaphansi koMthetho wokulawula iGun. Abantu abanezigwegwe bahlanganisa abantu ababoshelwe icala, labo abangaphansi kobudlova basekhaya obuvimbela uhlelo, abantu abavalelwe njengenokuphazamiseka kwengqondo noma ababoshelwe esigungwini sengqondo, ababaleki bezobulungisa, nabasebenzisa izinto ezilawulwayo. Imithetho kahulumeni inezela imingcele eyengeziwe, enjengezimfuneko zokulinda, ivumela nokuvinjelwa kwezibhamu ezithile. [i-Biureau of Alcohol, ugwayive, i-Firmagless (ATFFFF)]

Ukudlula Embukini

Izakhamuzi zase-U.S. zingathola i-passport uma zinikeza ubufakazi be-sakhamuzi, ubukho, nesithombe samuva. Ukungamukeleki kunganqatshelwa noma kuhoxiswe ngezizathu ezithile: uma umfaki wesicelo eqeqeshiwe ekusekeleni izingane uR2 500, uma isiyalo senkantolo sivimbela ukuhamba, noma uma umuntu engowesigebengu obhaliwe obhaliswe ngemvume evelele. UMnyango wezwe u-BHUREA wezindaba zezezingane [ uphethe iziyalezo zeposi lokungena emakhaya futhi unikeze iziyalezo eziningiliziwe.

Indlela Yokuqinisekisa Ukuba Yiqhawe Kwakho

Ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwakho nganoma yiliphi ilungelo lomphakathi noma uhulumeni elizuzisayo kudinga ukucwaninga nokunaka ngokucophelela. Qala ngokuthintana nenxusa likahulumeni elingokomthetho elinomthwalo wemfanelo wohlelo noma inqubo. Ukuze kuvotelwe, thintana nombuso wakho noma ihhovisi lokhetho lendawo. Ukuze uthole izinzuzo, sebenzisa amathekisi angokomthetho njenga Benefit. gov[ noma i-website yezekhomfa. Izinhlangano eziningi zinikeza amathuluzi ku-webhusayithi ye-webhusayithi evumela ukufaka izimo zakho futhi uthole ukuhlola kobukho.

Uma unesimo esiyinkimbinkimbi − njengerekhodi lobugebengu, izakhamuzi ezimbili, noma intshukumo yamuva nje — kucatshangelwa ukukhuluma nenhlangano yosizo olungokomthetho noma ummeli osebenza endaweni ehlobene nomthetho. Amaqembu enzuzo njenga AmaLegal Services [ anikeza usizo olukhululekile noma oluphansi kakhulu lokusiza abantu abafanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, gcina wonke amaxwebhu angokomthetho (hhdrive crive, amakhadi e-social Security, intela, ukubuya, ubufakazi obusekela indawo yokuhlala − organzelelwe namanje. Awekho noma aphelelwe isikhathi esikhona amaphepha amaningi ezizathu zokulibala noma ukuphika.

Izihibe Ezivamile Nendlela Yokuzigwema

Izindlela Ezifile Ezingekho

Izinqubo eziningi zokuvumelana zinamafasitela aqinile. Izinketho zokubhalisa, izikhawu ezihlelayo, kanye namafasitela okusebenza azuzisayo ngokuvamile awabonakali. Phawula ikhalenda lakho futhi uhambise izinto kusengaphambili. Sebenzisa izinkonzo zokulandelela i-inthanethi uma zikhona.

Umnikeli ongaphelele noma ongalungile

Igama elilodwa elipelwe kabi, isignesha elahlekile, noma ikheli eliphelelwe yisikhathi linganqanda ukusebenza. Ukubhala kabili yonke ifomu. Uma kudingeka, faka umbiko noma ufaka ubufakazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ungubani. Gcina amakhophi akho konke okuhambisa.

Ukucabanga Ngomthetho Akuzange Kushintshe

Imithetho esemthethweni ivamile ukuvuselelwa. Ngokwesibonelo, izifunda-mazwe eziningi zisanda ukushintsha izimfuneko ze-ID yomvoti noma isilinganiso seholo se-Medicaid. Bukeza umthombo ongokomthetho isikhathi ngasinye lapho kudingeka uthathe isinyathelo, ngisho noma uhlolile ngonyaka odlule.

Ukubheka Ukushintsha Kwezindawo

Okusebenza kwesinye isimo kungase kungasebenzi kumakhelwane, ngisho nangaphakathi kwezwe, imithetho yendawo noma yesifundazwe ingahluka. Ngaso sonke isikhathi funa i-gure àcific à profects kunokuba uthembele ekufushaneni kwezwe.

Isiphetho

Ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso ezingokomthetho kuyimfuneko ekusebenziseni amalungelo akho kanye nokuthola amathuba njengesakhamuzi. Nakuba imithetho ingabonakala inzima, ngokuvamile iklanyelwe ukuba ibonakale futhi ikwazi ukunikeza ukwaziswa okulungile. Ngokuhlala unolwazi, uhlela imibhalo yakho, futhi usebenzisa imithombo engokomthetho, ungaqinisekisa ngokuqiniseka ukuthi uyaqiniseka futhi uthathe isinyathelo esilandelayo ("ukuvota), ukugijimela ehhovisi, ukuvikela impilo, noma ukuthatha nje i-passport. Khumbula ukuthi ukukwazi ukubhajwa aku--jiki; kungashintsha ngezimo zakho zokuphila nokushintsha komthetho. Izikhathi eziningi ziqinisekisa ukuthi uhlala ukulungele ukuthatha isinyathelo esiphelele ekuphileni komphakathi.